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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/

    Цель исследования сравнить результаты разных способов аллопластики для разработки системы оптимизации хирургического лечения больных с послеоперационными вентральными грыжами. Материалы и методы. Проанализированы результаты хирургического лечения 863 пациентов с вентральными грыжами в Клинике общей хирургии им. А.И. Кожевникова с 2004 по 2010 г. При аллопластике использовались основные способы расположения имплантатов. Результаты. Детально рассмотрен усовершенствованный вариант методики аллопластики sub lay. Применен метод герниоабдоминометрии с помощью КТ для определения адекватного вида пластики при гигантских и больших грыжах, что позволило оптимизировать их лечение. Проведенный анализ осложнений и отдаленных результатов лечения у 132 пациентов с постоперационными вентральными грыжами показал, что наилучшие непосредственные и отдаленные результаты дает аллопластика по способу sub lay. The aim of the investigation is to compare the results of different alloplasty techniques to develop the optimization system of surgical treatment of patients with postoperative ventral hernias. Materials and Methods. There have been analyzed the treatment results of 863 patients with ventral hernias in the Clinic of General Surgery named after A.I. Kozhevnikov from 2004 to 2010. In alloplasty the main techniques of implant arrangement have been used. Results. An updated version of sub lay alloplasty technique was considered in detail. Hernioabdominometry was used with CT to determine an adequate plastic type in giant and large hernias that enabled to optimize their treatment. The analysis of complications and long-term treatment results carried out in 132 patients with postoperative ventral hernias showed that sub lay alloplasty has the best short-term and long-term results.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Sovremennye Tehnolog...arrow_drop_down
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Sovremennye Tehnolog...arrow_drop_down
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/

    Представлены результаты разработки проточной части радиально-осевой насос-турбины повышенной быстроходности на напор до 120 м для условий Каневской ГАЭС. С помощью программного комплекса IPMFlow выполнено численное исследование пространственного вязкого течения жидкости в решетках направляющего аппарата и рабочего колеса в турбинном режиме работы. Проведен анализ структуры потока и потерь энергии в этих элементах проточной части при четырех значениях расхода. The results of the development of a flow part of radial-axial pump-turbine of high specific speed at head up to 120 m for the conditions of the Kanevskaya PSPP are presented. Profiling of the runner blade by method of solving the differential equation of the current streamlet in the plan has been carried out. A numerical study of the spatial viscous fluid flow in the computational domain including guide vanes and a runner in a turbine operating mode using the software program IPMflow has been performed. The fluid flow simulation on basis of numerical integration of the Reynolds equations with an additional term containing artificial compressibility has been implemented. The differential two-parameter model of Menter (SST) has been applied to take into account turbulent effects. Numerical integration of the equations is carried out using an implicit quasi-monotone Godunov type scheme of second - order accuracy in space and time. The flow pattern and energy losses in these elements of flow part at four values of discharge has been analyzed.

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    Рассматриваются ориентиры на развитие ценностных ориентации у старшеклассников в условиях влияния медиаконтента. Учтены психолого-возрастные особенности старшеклассников в процессе развития у них ценностных ориентации. The guidelines on the senior pupils' values development in the conditions of mediacontent are reviewed. Senior pupils' psychological and age peculiarities while developing the values are taken into consideration.

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    В работе обсуждаются данные по влиянию индуктивности емкостного накопителя генератора магнитного поля на форму и параметры формируемого импульса. Приведены результаты численного моделирования. This paper discusses the data on the effect of inductance capacitive storage magnetic field generator on the shape and parameters of the pulse. The results of numerical simulation.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Electronic National ...arrow_drop_down
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Electronic National ...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/

    Рассмотрена проблема управления педагогическим партнерством в научно-образовательном процессе университета. Теоретическое осмысление осуществлено с опорой на еистемно-синергетическую методологию. Особое внимание в статье уделено выбору ориентиров разработки теоретического образа управления педагогическим партнерством в научно-образовательном процессе университета. The problem of pedagogical partnership management in the university scientific-educational process is regarded. Theoretical comprehension is performed on the basis of system-synergetic methodology. Special attention is given to the objectives selecting for pedagogical partnership management image development in scientific-educational process of university.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Bulletin of the Sout...arrow_drop_down
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Bulletin of the Sout...arrow_drop_down
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Burdo, O.G.; Burdo, O.G.; Terziev, S.G.; Mordînskii, V.P.; +5 Authors

    Проведен анализ дефицита пресной воды. Подчеркнута актуальность исследований в направлении водоподготовки. Показано, что основной запас воды на Земле сосредоточен в морях. Даны сравнительный анализ традиционных методов деминерализации воды и приведены перспективы низкотемпературных методов опреснения. Установлен рост интереса в мире к исследованиям инновационных технологий блочного вымораживания, приоритет в которых принадлежит авторам. Целью работы является совершенствование аппаратов блочного вымораживания при переводе их в непрерывный режим работы. Для достижения поставленной цели предложена универсальная конструкция аппарата, в которой последовательно реализуются процессы кристаллизации, сепарирования и плавления льда. Разработан модуль установки непрерывного опреснения морской воды. Из условий минимизации энергетических затрат обосновано время процесса формирования блока льда. Установлено число сепараторов mdash; 3. В пятой емкости осуществляется процесс плавления блока льда и получения пресной воды. Система управления периодически переключает электромагнитные клапана на линиях холодильного агента и продукта, что обеспечивает последовательность и синхронность работы аппаратов. Показаны энергетические и эксплуатационные преимущества предложенного способа. Проведено системное моделирование такого оборудования. Целевой функцией моделирования определены ключевые параметры процесса гравитационного сепарирования блока льда mdash; энергетика и солесодержание. Рассмотрены статика энергетический и материальный балансы и кинетика баланс сил в капилляре и скорость истечения сепарирования. Предложено традиционные принципы расчета истечения в каналах скорректировать коэффициентом laquo;капиллярного торможенияraquo;, который учитывает рельефную поверхность капилляров льда. Значение этого коэффициента установлено экспериментально. Предложена методика инженерного расчета солесодержания в блоке льда при сепарировании. Наиболее существенным результатом работы является то, что доказана возможность перевода установки блочного вымораживания в режим непрерывного опреснения морской воды с гарантированными показателями солесодержания. Значимость работы заключается в том, что создана энергоэфф This work is devoted to the fresh water deficit analysis. The importance of the research concerning water treatment is emphasized. A comparative analysis of water demineralization traditional methods is given and prospects for low-temperature desalination methods are shown. The increase in the world interest to the research of the block freezing innovative technologies was established, the priority in which belongs to the authors of this work. The aim of the work is to improve the block freezing devices during their transferring to a continuous operation mode. Achievement of this aim lies in a proposed universal design of the apparatus, in which the processes of crystallization, separation and melting of ice are sequentially implemented. A module for a continuous seawater desalination facility was developed. The energy and operational advantages of the proposed method were described. The system modeling of this equipment was carried out. The target function of the modeling determined the key parameters of the process of the ice block gravitational separation mdash; energy and salinity. It was proposed to correct the traditional calculation principles for the outflow in channels by the ldquo;capillary dragrdquo; coefficient, which takes into account the relief surface of the ice capillaries. A technique for the engineering calculation of ice block salinity during separation was offered. The most significant result of the work lied in the fact of possibility to transfer the block freezing facilities to the continuous mode of sea water desalination with guaranteed salinity indicators. The significance of the work was that an energy-efficient freezing facility with ice recycling for the sea water demineralization in the flow was created. Scopul lucrării este de a îmbunătăți aparatura de congelare de tip bloc la trecerea acesteia în regim continuu de funcționare. Pentru a atinge acest obiectiv, se propune un design universal al aparatului, în care procesele de cristalizare, separare și topire a gheții sunt desfășurate în mod consecutiv. Este elaborat un modul de instalație de desalinizare continuă a apei de mare. Timpul procesului de formare a blocurilor de gheață este argumentat din considerente de minimizare a cheltuielilor de energie. Parametrii-cheie ai procesului de separare gravitațională a blocurilor de gheață, și anume energia și conținutul de sare, au fost determinați prin funcția-țintă de modelare. Se iau în considerare aspectele statice balanța energetică și a balanța materială și cele cinetice balanța forței capilare și viteza de scurgere ale separării. Se propune corectarea principiilor tradiționale de calculare a debitului în canale cu ajutorul coeficientului de quot;frânare capilarăquot;, care ia în considerare suprafața de relief a capilarelor de gheață. Valoarea acestui coeficient a fost stabilită în mod experimental. Se propune o metodă de calcul tehnic al conținutului de sare din blocul de gheață în timpul separării. Cel mai important rezultat al lucrării este că s-a dovedit posibilitatea de a transfera unitatea de congelare în bloc la modul de desalinizare continuă a apei de mare cu indici garantați ai conținutului de sare. Semnificația lucrării constă în faptul, că a fost creată o instalație de congelare eficientă din punct de vedere energetic, cu reciclare a gheții pentru demineralizarea apei de mare în flux.

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  • The review of patents issued in Russia for the period from January 1, 2004 to December 31, 2018 on the materials of the Federal Institute of patent property is presented. Patents of subclass C10B (destructive distillation of carbonaceous materials), in particular subgroups C10B 53/00 (destructive distillation of solid raw materials of special types or special shapes and sizes) and C10B 53/02 (destructive distillation of materials containing cellulose) are considered. It is considered a promising way of processing organic raw materials into fuel (No 2554355). The method involves thermochemical processing of raw materials in the reactor of rapid pyrolysis followed by condensation of vapor- gas mixture in the capacitor-fridge, the release of fractions of liquid hydrocarbons and fuel gas from it with further cleaning. The method differs in that the temperature of vapor- gas mixture before entering the capacitor-fridge is maintained at the level of 450.700 degrees Celsius, with vapor- gas mixture first condensing with cold water, separating the fuel gas, which is re-cooled and directed to rapid pyrolysis. After filling the container of the capacitor-fridge with water and reducing the temperature to 65 degrees Celsius, water with light hydrocarbons is drained from it, and the remaining resin sediment is dissolved with bioethanol. It is shown that the number of patents on the subject of thermochemical processing of wood every 5 years increases approximately twice. The main technology of thermochemical processing of wood remains pyrolysis for waste processing is also of interest gasification and torrefication. ; Представлен обзор патентов, выданных в России за период с 1 января 2004 г. по 31 декабря 2018 г., по материалам Федерального института патентной собственности. Рассмотрены патенты подкласса C10B (деструктивная перегонка углеродсодержащих материалов), в частности подгрупп C10B 53/00 (деструктивная перегонка твердого сырья специальных видов или особой формы и размеров) и C10B 53/02 (деструктивная перегонка ...

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    The paper presents the results of numerical modeling of induced voltages on a de-energized circuit in a double-circuit transmission line. The measures to reduce the risk of electric shock under the induced voltage are proposed. В статье представлены результаты численного моделирования наведенных напряжений на двухцепной линии, выведенной в ремонт. Предложены меры снижения риска поражения электрическим током при работе под наведенным напряжением.

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    Authors: F Iu, Garib; V Iu, Petrov; E A, Komarova; N N, Sheremet'ev;

    Bakstim, a new biostimulating preparation obtained from the organs of the immune system of animals, was developed. The impact of Bakstim on the growth and toxigenic function of C. tetani production strain Copenhagen-471 was evaluated. The addition of the preparation to Gluzman commercial medium for obtaining tetanus toxoid led to an increase in the yield of bacterial biomass from 1.9 to 4-fold and an increase in the toxoid production from 2 to 2.8-fold. The optimum concentration of this biostimulant ensuring the maximum yield of tetanus toxin from the production culture was determined (1,000 mg/l). Bakstim will supposedly be used as additive to nutrient media for the production of tetanus toxoid.

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    В настоящее время в объединенных энергосистемах возрастает роль и значение фазорегулирующих устройств, которые используются в качестве FACTS-контроллеров (Flexible Alternative Current Transmission System), позволяющих решать различные задачи управления режимами в сложно-замкнутой неоднородной сети. В работе исследуется модифицированный двухтрансформаторный схемный вариант фазорегулирующего устройства, построенный на основе классической однотрансформаторной схемы «Delta Connection». Предлагаемая схема устройства отличается от классической однотрансформаторной схемы тем, что обмотка управления вынесена на более низкий, чем фазное, уровень напряжения, что, в свою очередь, дает возможность использовать предлагаемое устройство в сетях с высоким номинальным напряжением. Построена математическая модель данного устройства, описывающая изменение параметров режима работы фазорегулирующего трансформатора при регулировании угла фазового сдвига. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы для сравнительного анализа при определении технико-экономической эффективности разрабатываемых в перспективе фазоповоротных устройств трансформаторного типа.

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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/

    Цель исследования сравнить результаты разных способов аллопластики для разработки системы оптимизации хирургического лечения больных с послеоперационными вентральными грыжами. Материалы и методы. Проанализированы результаты хирургического лечения 863 пациентов с вентральными грыжами в Клинике общей хирургии им. А.И. Кожевникова с 2004 по 2010 г. При аллопластике использовались основные способы расположения имплантатов. Результаты. Детально рассмотрен усовершенствованный вариант методики аллопластики sub lay. Применен метод герниоабдоминометрии с помощью КТ для определения адекватного вида пластики при гигантских и больших грыжах, что позволило оптимизировать их лечение. Проведенный анализ осложнений и отдаленных результатов лечения у 132 пациентов с постоперационными вентральными грыжами показал, что наилучшие непосредственные и отдаленные результаты дает аллопластика по способу sub lay. The aim of the investigation is to compare the results of different alloplasty techniques to develop the optimization system of surgical treatment of patients with postoperative ventral hernias. Materials and Methods. There have been analyzed the treatment results of 863 patients with ventral hernias in the Clinic of General Surgery named after A.I. Kozhevnikov from 2004 to 2010. In alloplasty the main techniques of implant arrangement have been used. Results. An updated version of sub lay alloplasty technique was considered in detail. Hernioabdominometry was used with CT to determine an adequate plastic type in giant and large hernias that enabled to optimize their treatment. The analysis of complications and long-term treatment results carried out in 132 patients with postoperative ventral hernias showed that sub lay alloplasty has the best short-term and long-term results.

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    Представлены результаты разработки проточной части радиально-осевой насос-турбины повышенной быстроходности на напор до 120 м для условий Каневской ГАЭС. С помощью программного комплекса IPMFlow выполнено численное исследование пространственного вязкого течения жидкости в решетках направляющего аппарата и рабочего колеса в турбинном режиме работы. Проведен анализ структуры потока и потерь энергии в этих элементах проточной части при четырех значениях расхода. The results of the development of a flow part of radial-axial pump-turbine of high specific speed at head up to 120 m for the conditions of the Kanevskaya PSPP are presented. Profiling of the runner blade by method of solving the differential equation of the current streamlet in the plan has been carried out. A numerical study of the spatial viscous fluid flow in the computational domain including guide vanes and a runner in a turbine operating mode using the software program IPMflow has been performed. The fluid flow simulation on basis of numerical integration of the Reynolds equations with an additional term containing artificial compressibility has been implemented. The differential two-parameter model of Menter (SST) has been applied to take into account turbulent effects. Numerical integration of the equations is carried out using an implicit quasi-monotone Godunov type scheme of second - order accuracy in space and time. The flow pattern and energy losses in these elements of flow part at four values of discharge has been analyzed.

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    Рассматриваются ориентиры на развитие ценностных ориентации у старшеклассников в условиях влияния медиаконтента. Учтены психолого-возрастные особенности старшеклассников в процессе развития у них ценностных ориентации. The guidelines on the senior pupils' values development in the conditions of mediacontent are reviewed. Senior pupils' psychological and age peculiarities while developing the values are taken into consideration.

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    В работе обсуждаются данные по влиянию индуктивности емкостного накопителя генератора магнитного поля на форму и параметры формируемого импульса. Приведены результаты численного моделирования. This paper discusses the data on the effect of inductance capacitive storage magnetic field generator on the shape and parameters of the pulse. The results of numerical simulation.

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    Рассмотрена проблема управления педагогическим партнерством в научно-образовательном процессе университета. Теоретическое осмысление осуществлено с опорой на еистемно-синергетическую методологию. Особое внимание в статье уделено выбору ориентиров разработки теоретического образа управления педагогическим партнерством в научно-образовательном процессе университета. The problem of pedagogical partnership management in the university scientific-educational process is regarded. Theoretical comprehension is performed on the basis of system-synergetic methodology. Special attention is given to the objectives selecting for pedagogical partnership management image development in scientific-educational process of university.

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    Authors: Burdo, O.G.; Burdo, O.G.; Terziev, S.G.; Mordînskii, V.P.; +5 Authors

    Проведен анализ дефицита пресной воды. Подчеркнута актуальность исследований в направлении водоподготовки. Показано, что основной запас воды на Земле сосредоточен в морях. Даны сравнительный анализ традиционных методов деминерализации воды и приведены перспективы низкотемпературных методов опреснения. Установлен рост интереса в мире к исследованиям инновационных технологий блочного вымораживания, приоритет в которых принадлежит авторам. Целью работы является совершенствование аппаратов блочного вымораживания при переводе их в непрерывный режим работы. Для достижения поставленной цели предложена универсальная конструкция аппарата, в которой последовательно реализуются процессы кристаллизации, сепарирования и плавления льда. Разработан модуль установки непрерывного опреснения морской воды. Из условий минимизации энергетических затрат обосновано время процесса формирования блока льда. Установлено число сепараторов mdash; 3. В пятой емкости осуществляется процесс плавления блока льда и получения пресной воды. Система управления периодически переключает электромагнитные клапана на линиях холодильного агента и продукта, что обеспечивает последовательность и синхронность работы аппаратов. Показаны энергетические и эксплуатационные преимущества предложенного способа. Проведено системное моделирование такого оборудования. Целевой функцией моделирования определены ключевые параметры процесса гравитационного сепарирования блока льда mdash; энергетика и солесодержание. Рассмотрены статика энергетический и материальный балансы и кинетика баланс сил в капилляре и скорость истечения сепарирования. Предложено традиционные принципы расчета истечения в каналах скорректировать коэффициентом laquo;капиллярного торможенияraquo;, который учитывает рельефную поверхность капилляров льда. Значение этого коэффициента установлено экспериментально. Предложена методика инженерного расчета солесодержания в блоке льда при сепарировании. Наиболее существенным результатом работы является то, что доказана возможность перевода установки блочного вымораживания в режим непрерывного опреснения морской воды с гарантированными показателями солесодержания. Значимость работы заключается в том, что создана энергоэфф This work is devoted to the fresh water deficit analysis. The importance of the research concerning water treatment is emphasized. A comparative analysis of water demineralization traditional methods is given and prospects for low-temperature desalination methods are shown. The increase in the world interest to the research of the block freezing innovative technologies was established, the priority in which belongs to the authors of this work. The aim of the work is to improve the block freezing devices during their transferring to a continuous operation mode. Achievement of this aim lies in a proposed universal design of the apparatus, in which the processes of crystallization, separation and melting of ice are sequentially implemented. A module for a continuous seawater desalination facility was developed. The energy and operational advantages of the proposed method were described. The system modeling of this equipment was carried out. The target function of the modeling determined the key parameters of the process of the ice block gravitational separation mdash; energy and salinity. It was proposed to correct the traditional calculation principles for the outflow in channels by the ldquo;capillary dragrdquo; coefficient, which takes into account the relief surface of the ice capillaries. A technique for the engineering calculation of ice block salinity during separation was offered. The most significant result of the work lied in the fact of possibility to transfer the block freezing facilities to the continuous mode of sea water desalination with guaranteed salinity indicators. The significance of the work was that an energy-efficient freezing facility with ice recycling for the sea water demineralization in the flow was created. Scopul lucrării este de a îmbunătăți aparatura de congelare de tip bloc la trecerea acesteia în regim continuu de funcționare. Pentru a atinge acest obiectiv, se propune un design universal al aparatului, în care procesele de cristalizare, separare și topire a gheții sunt desfășurate în mod consecutiv. Este elaborat un modul de instalație de desalinizare continuă a apei de mare. Timpul procesului de formare a blocurilor de gheață este argumentat din considerente de minimizare a cheltuielilor de energie. Parametrii-cheie ai procesului de separare gravitațională a blocurilor de gheață, și anume energia și conținutul de sare, au fost determinați prin funcția-țintă de modelare. Se iau în considerare aspectele statice balanța energetică și a balanța materială și cele cinetice balanța forței capilare și viteza de scurgere ale separării. Se propune corectarea principiilor tradiționale de calculare a debitului în canale cu ajutorul coeficientului de quot;frânare capilarăquot;, care ia în considerare suprafața de relief a capilarelor de gheață. Valoarea acestui coeficient a fost stabilită în mod experimental. Se propune o metodă de calcul tehnic al conținutului de sare din blocul de gheață în timpul separării. Cel mai important rezultat al lucrării este că s-a dovedit posibilitatea de a transfera unitatea de congelare în bloc la modul de desalinizare continuă a apei de mare cu indici garantați ai conținutului de sare. Semnificația lucrării constă în faptul, că a fost creată o instalație de congelare eficientă din punct de vedere energetic, cu reciclare a gheții pentru demineralizarea apei de mare în flux.

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  • The review of patents issued in Russia for the period from January 1, 2004 to December 31, 2018 on the materials of the Federal Institute of patent property is presented. Patents of subclass C10B (destructive distillation of carbonaceous materials), in particular subgroups C10B 53/00 (destructive distillation of solid raw materials of special types or special shapes and sizes) and C10B 53/02 (destructive distillation of materials containing cellulose) are considered. It is considered a promising way of processing organic raw materials into fuel (No 2554355). The method involves thermochemical processing of raw materials in the reactor of rapid pyrolysis followed by condensation of vapor- gas mixture in the capacitor-fridge, the release of fractions of liquid hydrocarbons and fuel gas from it with further cleaning. The method differs in that the temperature of vapor- gas mixture before entering the capacitor-fridge is maintained at the level of 450.700 degrees Celsius, with vapor- gas mixture first condensing with cold water, separating the fuel gas, which is re-cooled and directed to rapid pyrolysis. After filling the container of the capacitor-fridge with water and reducing the temperature to 65 degrees Celsius, water with light hydrocarbons is drained from it, and the remaining resin sediment is dissolved with bioethanol. It is shown that the number of patents on the subject of thermochemical processing of wood every 5 years increases approximately twice. The main technology of thermochemical processing of wood remains pyrolysis for waste processing is also of interest gasification and torrefication. ; Представлен обзор патентов, выданных в России за период с 1 января 2004 г. по 31 декабря 2018 г., по материалам Федерального института патентной собственности. Рассмотрены патенты подкласса C10B (деструктивная перегонка углеродсодержащих материалов), в частности подгрупп C10B 53/00 (деструктивная перегонка твердого сырья специальных видов или особой формы и размеров) и C10B 53/02 (деструктивная перегонка ...

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    The paper presents the results of numerical modeling of induced voltages on a de-energized circuit in a double-circuit transmission line. The measures to reduce the risk of electric shock under the induced voltage are proposed. В статье представлены результаты численного моделирования наведенных напряжений на двухцепной линии, выведенной в ремонт. Предложены меры снижения риска поражения электрическим током при работе под наведенным напряжением.

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    Authors: F Iu, Garib; V Iu, Petrov; E A, Komarova; N N, Sheremet'ev;

    Bakstim, a new biostimulating preparation obtained from the organs of the immune system of animals, was developed. The impact of Bakstim on the growth and toxigenic function of C. tetani production strain Copenhagen-471 was evaluated. The addition of the preparation to Gluzman commercial medium for obtaining tetanus toxoid led to an increase in the yield of bacterial biomass from 1.9 to 4-fold and an increase in the toxoid production from 2 to 2.8-fold. The optimum concentration of this biostimulant ensuring the maximum yield of tetanus toxin from the production culture was determined (1,000 mg/l). Bakstim will supposedly be used as additive to nutrient media for the production of tetanus toxoid.

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    В настоящее время в объединенных энергосистемах возрастает роль и значение фазорегулирующих устройств, которые используются в качестве FACTS-контроллеров (Flexible Alternative Current Transmission System), позволяющих решать различные задачи управления режимами в сложно-замкнутой неоднородной сети. В работе исследуется модифицированный двухтрансформаторный схемный вариант фазорегулирующего устройства, построенный на основе классической однотрансформаторной схемы «Delta Connection». Предлагаемая схема устройства отличается от классической однотрансформаторной схемы тем, что обмотка управления вынесена на более низкий, чем фазное, уровень напряжения, что, в свою очередь, дает возможность использовать предлагаемое устройство в сетях с высоким номинальным напряжением. Построена математическая модель данного устройства, описывающая изменение параметров режима работы фазорегулирующего трансформатора при регулировании угла фазового сдвига. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы для сравнительного анализа при определении технико-экономической эффективности разрабатываемых в перспективе фазоповоротных устройств трансформаторного типа.

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