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This dataset is a result of research conducted by a multidisciplinary team of researchers from Haramaya University, Ethiopia. It contains economic, environmental, and social indicators of sustainability. The data were generated using the Tool for Agroecological Performance Evaluation (TAPE) developed by the FAO (FAO, 2019). Primary data on basic socio-demographic, economic, institutional, social and ecological dimensions of agroecological performance were generated using a survey questionnaire uploaded on Kobo Toolbox (on a smart device). The data collection and overall field work were supported by the FAO, and supervised by the researchers and local research translation partners. The data contained herein refers to 619 smallholder farms located in four districts of Oromia and Southern Nations, Nationalities and People's (SNNP) regions.

Full data table for Carbon content, Nitrogen content, and biovolume measurements of planktic Rhizaria. This data is associated with the publication: Mansour, J.S., Norlin, A., Llopis Monferrer, N., L'Helguen, S., and Not, F. (2020). Carbon and nitrogen content to biovolume relationships for marine protists of the Rhizaria lineage (Radiolaria and Phaeodaria). Limnol. Oceanogr. doi: 10.1002/lno.11714 Rhizaria are ubiquitous in oceanic waters. They have previously been underestimated due to their fragility, but recent (molecular) studies show that they are major components of the planktic community and contribute greatly to, among others, the carbon and silica flux. This study provides key data on the carbon and nitrogen content of Rhizaria and its relation to cell biovolume. Here presented are the raw data of measured (CN Elemental Analyzer) carbon and nitrogen content of Rhizaria (i.e. specifically Collodaria, Acantharia, Nassellaria, Spumellaria, Aulacantha, Protocystis, and Challengeria), as well as picture-based estimates of biovolume and derived characteristics. The biovolume-to-mass relationship for these protists has allowed the formulation of mass-to-volume equations and ratios that can be used to estimate mass from biovolume. Our data shows that global Rhizaria biomass might have in fact still been underestimated. This will be pivotal information for studies of ocean ecology and for modeling biomass fluxes, whether it is biogeographic or smaller-scale system dynamics.

The main aim of study is examing farmers understanding towrds the emerging concepts of sustainable agricultural waste management falls under circular agriculture-a circular, green economy with cleaner production and bioeconomy reconciled with economic, social and environmental dimensions. This study is a prototype in Mirab Gojjam Zone of Amhara region as well in Ethiopia. we seek to determine farmers’ willingness-to-pay (WTP) for eco-friendly AWM. Data were collected through a contingent valuation survey of 353 randomly selected farmers in Mirab Gojjam. The improper discarding and unsafe use of agricultural waste causes health and environmental problems. It also contributes to GHG emissions, particularly in Mirab Gojjam, the focus of our study. We thus assessed farmers’ WTP for eco-friendly AWM to improve the local environment in Mirab Gojjam and maintain low carbon sustainable development. The result indicates an annual WTP of 6.84 household days (equivalent to 273.5 Birr) for the surveyed farmers. The Tobit results indicate that the social capital, socioeconomic, cognitive, and altruism variables significantly influence the degree of WTP. Our results are thus useful for understanding farmers’ attitudes and WTP for eco-friendly AWM, as well as the need for private and public instruments in agricultural waste for developing and disseminating resource technology.To improve the use of agricultural waste in biofuel, construction, and feedlot and to enhance sources of rural income, green marketing and low-carbon innovative recycling technologies should be established parallel to proper discarding. In our study, the mean WTP in labour days per year was higher than the amount of money farmers that were willing to pay for eco-friendly AWM.We thus propose three suggestions for sustainable and eco-friendly AWM. First, the government must assess and understand the current generation potential of agricultural waste. It must formulate rural sustainable waste management policies and create awareness accordingly.Second, agricultural waste recycling technology should be provisioned in rural areas through public–private collaboration. The vacuum in the local waste recycling market should be addressed by opening the market to private and informal micro-enterprise sectors, along with full government support.Lastly, proper follow-up and inspection is important to ensure all parties function in accordance with the laws, norms, and policies.Generally speaking, AWM must be prioritised as much as other SDGs to sustain holistic development, cleaner production, and clean-living environments for reducing carbon emission and looping conventional waste into circular agriculture.

This dataset contains temperature and rainfall data obtained from the Zambia Meteorological Department and maize yield data obtained from the Central Statistical Office aggregated at the district level for 30 years. The beans yield data is available upon request. Further, we merge this data with rainfall and temperature predictions from the HadGEM-ES2 global circulation model.

Boreal forests hold 32% of the world’s terrestrial organic matter and are continually disturbed by biotic and abiotic events. These disturbances are especially important since they facilitate the redistribution of nutrients within and between ecosystems, which can alter resource use and productivity. Yet how various types of disturbances, both individually and in combination, impact the overall resource balance of northern forests remains poorly understood. This thesis aims to advance our understanding of forest disturbances as drivers of forest resource balances, primarily through shifts in carbon, to better facilitate management of forests under climate change. Chapter 1 reviews current knowledge on forest disturbances and cross- ecosystem linkages. It also provides a summary of current gaps in our understanding of disturbances as drivers of forest function and possible downstream effects. Chapter 2 explores how disturbance history influences long-term carbon balance in boreal forests. Theory predicts that disturbances will increase with climate change but how the order and timing of multiple disturbance events will impact ecosystem function remains unresolved. Chapter 3 extends our understanding of forest carbon balance by asking how different disturbance types change the phenology and surface reflectance of boreal forests. Understanding how single disturbance events change growing season length and radiative forcing of forests can help predict potential feedbacks of forest health on climate warming. Chapter 4 tests how outbreaks of defoliating insects alter biogeochemical cycling from land to receiving waters through the consumption of foliage and subsequent release of nutrient-rich waste. Forests typically provide a pulse of nutrients to nearby waters in autumn when leaves are shed but insects disrupt this pattern by changing the timing, quantity, and quality of resource transfers. Chapter 5 traces terrestrial nutrients within lakes and asks if they can promote productivity in zooplankton communities. Finally, Chapter 6 discusses the main findings of the thesis and ends with possible directions for future research.