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ABSTRACT Acting with a broad spectrum in mind leads to a landscape of certainty, which is why its application in Mexican MSMEs is a priority for economic evolution, through the best strategies it is possible to be a unique offerer, endowed with competitive advantages; that is why the objective of this analysis is to determine the current focus and research trends of technological strategies applied to MSMEs globally in order to direct future research towards a path focused on the best practices with application in Mexico; based on a review of the current state of the art and a prospection of future trends using a co-occurrence analysis, a remarkable synergy between MSMEs-Technological strategies-Innovation-Sustainability-Technological Inclusion has been identified, which has given rise to several assertions among which stand out: the importance of applying technological strategies to MSMEs with replicability effect, the current scenario of disadvantage in relation to increased global competitiveness, the use of best practices applied by current research leaders and the orientation of a government to achieve revolutionary change. RESUMEN Actuar con una perspectiva de amplio espectro conduce a un panorama de certeza, razón por la cual su aplicación en las Micro, Pequeñas y Medianas Empresas (MIPYMES) mexicanas es una prioridad para la evolución económica. A través de las mejores estrategias, es posible ser un oferente único, dotado de ventajas competitivas; por eso, el objetivo de este análisis es determinar el enfoque actual y las tendencias de investigación de estrategias tecnológicas aplicadas a las MIPYMES a nivel mundial, con el fin de dirigir futuras investigaciones hacia un camino enfocado en las mejores prácticas con aplicación en México. Con base en una revisión del estado actual del arte y una prospección de tendencias futuras utilizando un análisis de co-ocurrencia, se ha identificado una notoria sinergia entre las MIPYMES, las estrategias tecnológicas, la innovación, la sostenibilidad y la inclusión tecnológica. Esto ha dado lugar a varias afirmaciones, entre las que destacan: la importancia de aplicar estrategias tecnológicas a las MIPYMES con efecto replicable, el escenario actual de desventaja en relación con el aumento de la competitividad global, el uso de las mejores prácticas aplicadas por los líderes actuales en investigación y la orientación de un gobierno para lograr un cambio revolucionario.

This study mainly examines the establishment of wireless networks using hardware chips that stand a chance of improving the communication of smart grid by providing high reliability, low latency as well as data confidentiality. In the suggested setup, a hierarchical architecture together with central gateway, cluster heads and sensor nodes, is exploited to allow data aggregation and thus reduce transmission overhead. Among IoT devices, wireless technologies like Zigbee and LoRa are used to enhance communication quality, thanks to the fault tolerant technique that makes the system more reliable. By studying the theoretical groundwork and the necessary hardware needed in the smart grid communication, the research is intended to identify the most significant obstacles that make current energy transfer networks relatively ineffective.

This paper presents a tradeoff analysis in terms of accuracy and computational cost between different architectures of artificial neural networks for the State of Charge (SOC) estimation of lithium batteries in hybrid and electric vehicles. The considered layouts are partly selected from the literature on SOC estimation, and partly are novel proposals that have been demonstrated to be effective in executing estimation tasks in other engineering fields. One of the architectures, the Nonlinear Autoregressive Neural Network with Exogenous Input (NARX), is presented with an unconventional layout that exploits a preliminary routine, which allows setting of the feedback initial value to avoid estimation divergence. The presented solutions are compared in terms of estimation accuracy, duration of the training process, robustness to the noise in the current measurement, and to the inaccuracy on the initial estimation. Moreover, the algorithms are implemented on an electronic control unit in serial communication with a computer, which emulates a real vehicle, so as to compare their computational costs. The proposed unconventional NARX architecture outperforms the other solutions. The battery pack that is used to design and test the networks is a 20 kW pack for a mild hybrid electric vehicle, whilst the adopted training, validation and test datasets are obtained from the driving cycles of a real car and from standard profiles.

Dataset supporting publication of manuscript_GCB-B-RA-24-138

Abstract Longer term monitoring of soil water content at a catchment scale is a key to understanding its dynamics, which can assist stakeholders in decision making processes, such as land use change or irrigation programs. Soil water monitoring in agriculturally dominated catchments can help in developing soil water retention measurements, for assessment of land use change, or adaptation of specific land management systems to climate change. The present study was carried out in the Pannonian region (Upper-Balaton, Hungary) on Cambisols and Calcisols between 2015 and 2021. Soil water content (SWC) dynamics were investigated under different land use types (vineyard, grassland, and forest) at three depths (15, 40, and 70 cm). The meteorological data show a continuous decrease in cumulative precipitation over time during the study with an average of 26% decrease observed between 2016 and 2020, while average air temperatures were similar for all the studied years. Corresponding to the lower precipitation amounts, a clear decrease in the average SWC was observed at all the land use sites, with 13.4%, 37.7%, and 29.3% lower average SWC for the grassland, forest, and vineyard sites, respectively, from 2016 to 2020 (measured at the 15 cm depth of the soil). Significant differences in SWC were observed between the annual and seasonal numbers within a given land use (p < 0.05). The lowest average SWC was observed at the grassland (11.7%) and the highest at the vineyard (28.3%). The data showed an increasing average soil temperature, with an average 6.3% higher value in 2020 compared to 2016. The grassland showed the highest (11.3 °C) and the forest soil the lowest (9.7 °C) average soil temperatures during the monitoring period. The grassland had the highest number of days with the SWC below the wilting point, while the forest had the highest number of days with the SWC optimal for the plants.

Ushbu maqolada hozirgi kunda dunyoda juda tezlik bilan rivojlanib borayotgan mikro elektr tarmoqdagi himoya muammolari va yechimlari, tarmoqning afzalliklari va kamchiliklari, tarmoqqa bog’langan rejimda yuzaga keladigan muammolar, avtonom rejimidagi qiyinchiliklar, mikrotarmoqda himoya qilish muammolari uchun mavjud echimlar haqida so’z yuritiladi. Mikro tarmoqning xarakteristikalari nosozliklari, tarmoqqa ulangan va avtonom rejimlari o'rtasida mikro elektr tarmog’ini himoya qilishdagi mavjud muammolarni, AC mikro elektr tarmoq va DC mikro elektr tarmoq uchun mavjud himoya strategiyalarini ko’rish mumkin. Shu bilan bir qatorda maqolada AC mikro elektr tarmoq va DC mikro elektr tarmoq arxitekturasi keltirilgan bo’lib, himoya qilish muammolari va echimlari taqdim etilgan.

Report contains the summary of the results of the scenario models. TRANSENERGY - Central Europe 2007 - 2013

Introduction. As a result of increasing fossil fuel price and state-of-the-art technology, more and more residential and commercial consumers of electricity have been installing wind turbines. The motivation being to cut energy bills and carbon dioxide emissions. Purpose. The main goal of this work is developing a control scheme for a variable speed wind turbine generator in order to produce utmost power from varying wind types, and variable wind speed. Novelty. This research paper presents an IGBT power converter control scheme for active power in relation to wind speed and reactive power by adjusting Q-reference (Qref) value in a gearless variable speed wind turbine with permanent magnet synchronous generator. Methods. An effective modelling and control of the wind turbine with the suggested power converter is executed by utilizing MATLAB/Simulink software. The control scheme consists of both the wind turbine control and the power converter control. Simulation results are utilized in the analysis and deliberation of the ability of the control scheme, which reveals that the wind turbine generator has the capability to actively sustain an electric power grid network, owing to its ability to independently control active and reactive power according to applied reference values at variable wind speed. Practical value. This research can be utilized for assessing the control methodology, the dynamic capabilities and influence of a gearless variable-speed wind energy conversion system on electric power grids. A case study has been presented with a (3×10 MW = 30 MW) wind farm scheme.