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In this study, a completely new type of air-to-liquid heat exchanger, adapted for obtaining good heat transfer performance even at a laminar flow regime on the liquid side has been evaluated in a display cabinet application. The heat exchanger consists of parallel plates, with liquid in every second passage and air in the other passages. Tests were performed with a traditional open vertical display cabinet, first with a traditional finned-tube coil and thereafter with the new type of heat exchanger placed in the bottom of the display cabinet. The results showed that the same cooling capacity and mean temperature of the “food packages” could be obtained with around 6 K higher inlet temperature of the liquid, -7°C with the traditional coil and -1°C with the new type of heat exchanger, which can lead to considerable energy savings.

The dataset originates from microgrid platform (MGP, https://www.microgrid-qehna.com/) located in QehnA lab (https://www.qehna.com/) of the National School of Engineers of Tunis (ENIT) and serves as a testbed for various energy-related studies. The platform includes two microgrids, namely Pla-NeTE and SMARTNESS. Pla-NeTE, which stands for Platform for investigations of New Technologies of the Energy is a microgrid platform, designed for the investigation of new energy technologies in the case of massive residential photovoltaics integration and its impact on the distribution network. On the other hand, SMARTNESS, which stands for Smart Micro-grid plAtfoRm wiTh aN Energy SyStem, is a laboratory-scale microgrid designed for the exploration of emerging energy technologies and associated concepts such as collective self-consumption and energy management systems. Both microgrids are connected to the low-voltage distribution network. The dataset comprises samples of electrical data collected from the microgrid platform. It offers a valuable resource for researchers and analysts to study real-world electrical data and gain insights into the microgrid's performance, encompassing aspects such as energy consumption, renewable energy generation, and energy storage systems while considering residential microgrid in Tunisia. The dataset primarily consists of electrical data samples recorded from both microgrids while considering different operating conditions. It provides a granular view of the microgrids’ real-time electrical performance according to given test procedure. This dataset does not encompass detailed information about the microgrid's physical structure or components, but these later can be found in the related publications. Researchers can use this data to analyse the microgrids’ operational patterns and performance in the context of electrical energy management. The dataset's applicability extends to various research areas, including residential load management, renewable energy integration, and power quality improvement.

Operating measurements from three multi-week test campaigns of the natural circulation FLiBe loop. This system is investigating thermal hydraulic behavior of the molten salt BeF_2 -LiF (33 - 67 mol %). The system behaves in a stable fashion, but shows unusual local transients, such as flow break-down in the riser and thermal jumps at the cooler exit. Heat transfer shows promising trends that FLiBe will behave as a normal heat transfer fluid, as long as salt purity can be maintained. The most recent test shows heat transfer degradation that is likely a result of oxides and impurities. The data archive contains as-built dimensions, Matlab analysis codes, and the raw data files.

It show point estimates of GHG emissions from pesticide production from 1990 to 2016 at provincial level in China.

Refrigerated road transport (RRT) vehicles are large users of energy, and reportedly have relatively high leakage of hydrofluorocarbon refrigerant gases, both of which contribute to global warming. The experience obtained from widespread research in leak reduction in stationary refrigeration systems can be instructive in combatting leakage in RRT systems, which has received less focus to date. This paper will take an integrated approach to develop and describe a preliminary model for sustainable RRT systems. It will first review lessons learned about refrigerant leakage in stationary systems in an effort to identify problematic/leak prone components common to transport refrigeration systems. This will then be followed by a survey of recent studies conducted in modelling transport refrigeration systems to advance energy efficiency. Initial results from the model illustrate the need to improve the efficiency of the refrigeration system, together with preventative maintenance of the box structure and refrigeration system as a whole.

Brazil is home to the largest tracts of tropical vegetation in the world, harbouring high levels of biodiversity and carbon. Several biomass maps have been produced for Brazil, using different approaches and methods, and for different purposes. These maps have been used to estimate historic, recent, and future carbon emissions from land use change (LUC). It can be difficult to determine which map to use for what purpose. The implications of using an unsuitable map can be significant, since the maps have large differences—both in terms of total carbon storage and its spatial distribution. This dataset of aboveground carbon was created based on data from existing maps and an up-to-date LULC map. The map reflects current LULC, has high accuracy and resolution (50 m), and a national coverage. It can be a useful alternative for scientific studies and policy initiatives concerned with existing LULC and LUC outside of existing forests, especially at local scales when high resolution is necessary, and/or outside the Amazon biome. Map unit: tonnes of aboveground carbon per hectare. This dataset of aboveground carbon was created based on data from existing maps and an up-to-date LULC map. The map reflects current LULC, has high accuracy and resolution (50 m), and a national coverage. It can be a useful alternative for scientific studies and policy initiatives concerned with existing LULC and LUC outside of existing forests, especially at local scales when high resolution is necessary, and/or outside the Amazon biome. Map unit: tonnes of aboveground carbon per hectare. Data är baserade på befintliga kartor och en aktuell LULC-karta (änding av markanvändning) för bildandet av ovanjordiskt kol i Brasilien. Kartan speglar nuvarande LULC, har hög noggrannhet och upplösning (50 m) och en nationell täckning. Mer information på den engelska katalogsidan: https://snd.gu.se/en/catalogue/study/ecds0244 This dataset of aboveground carbon was created based on data from existing maps and an up-to-date LULC map. The map reflects current LULC, has high accuracy and resolution (50 m), and a national coverage. It can be a useful alternative for scientific studies and policy initiatives concerned with existing LULC and LUC outside of existing forests, especially at local scales when high resolution is necessary, and/or outside the Amazon biome. Map unit: tonnes of aboveground carbon per hectare.

The HEU MODERATE Building Stock Data provides information regarding the building stock for all EU27 member states at the national level (i.e., NUTS 0) considering 2020 as the reference year. Regarding the Service Sector, the data distinguishes the following subsectors: single-family houses, multifamily houses, and apartment blocks. Regarding the Service Sector, the data distinguishes the following subsectors: offices, trade, education, health, hotels and restaurants, and other non-residential buildings. Moreover, for each subsector, the data distinguishes the following construction periods: before 1945, 1945-1969, 1970-1979, 1980-1989, 1990-1999, 2000-2010, and 2011-2020. For each building stock subsector and construction period, the data provide information regarding total values at the national level for: - Number of buildings - Number of dwellings - Number of dwellings according to ownership (i.e., owner occupied, rented, social housing) - Number of dwellings according to occupation (i.e., occupied, vacant, secondary houses) - Total constructed area - Total heated area - Total cooled area - Total final energy consumption for space heating and domestic hot water - Total final energy consumption for space cooling Moreover, the following average values for single building characteristics are provided: - Number of floors - Volume-to-surface ratio - Vertical area - Ground area - Window surface - U-values for the different building elements (roof, walls, windows, and floors) - Useful energy demand (ued) differentiating between space heating, domestic hot water, and space cooling - Final energy consumption (fed) differentiating between space heating, domestic hot water, and space cooling Finally, the data provide information about the prevalence of: - Building materials and methodology for the different building elements (roof, walls, windows, and floors) - Different systems used for space heating, domestic hot water, and space cooling The data is provided as a `csv` file (long format with all details and data source) and as an excel file (wide format with separate sheets for each country). Data and a complete description of the available fields can be found at https://github.com/MODERATE-Project/building-stock-analysis/tree/main/T3.2-static-analysis The dataset was obtained by combining information from European and national resources and the review of scientific literature. Data gaps were subsequently filled via statistical modeling.

This publication highlights important aspects for commercial refrigeration systems, which comprise parallel compression like for example part load conditions and the reverse operation between flash gas bypass and parallel compression. A case study offers and explains possible solutions on basis of a new system design. The system, which comprises novelties with respect to the design, is installed by BITZER at its St. Marys site in Australia. The potential for an improved energy efficiency with parallel compression is shown for a state-of-the-art transcritical CO2 booster system with flash gas bypass, which is installed by BITZER at its Rottenburg site for practical training seminars since autumn 2010.

The renewable energy such as wind or solar power plays an important role in a modern power system. Due to low reliability of renewable energy source, uncertainty in a system is increasing. There are many models proposed for managing systems with renewable energy. However, these models are complicated and not computationally efficient when applied to large scale problems. In this work, we propose a stochastic model which incorporates uncertainty in renewable energy. A two-stage recourse model is used for our stochastic model with finite scenarios. Additionally, we increase a spinning reserve power of the system by adding a reserve from renewable energy. The additional reserve is computed from the expected value of renewable energy serving the system. Moreover we propose an analysis process to determine a suitable spinning reserve level once the renewable energy introduced to a conventional power system.