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Banana peel (musa sapientum) is organic waste that have value of carbohydrates that high and nutrition that can help the growth of a microbe. Based on it, then appears an idea to make use of the bioethanol from the peel as a source of raw materials. Bioethanol is one alternative energy that are spoken currently who is expected to replace energy source of petroleum that has existed that is the fluid a result fermentation of sugar from sources of carbohydrate used the aid microorganisms. In this research process of waste the banana peel become bioethanol is aimed to determine the process of waste the banana peel plantain and kepok, ranging from process of smoothing the hydrolysis of, fermentation until distillation of which are then analyzed levels of each bioetanol each kind of the banana peel based on the number of yeast and time. In this process of fermentation by the addition of saccharomyces cerevisiae by number of yeast, as many as 3 5, 7 gram with long fermentation different namely during 2, 4, 6, 8 days influencing the outcome of the level of bioethanol on the type of skin of plantain and kepok. This result of research produce levels of bioethanol the most high that is on the type of kepok banana peel with yeast fermentation as many as seven gram during the time of 8 days worth 17.05 % while on the peel of plantain with heavy yeast and the same time having bioetanol levels as many as 16.55 %. The longer fermentation, microorganisms more active and the extension of yeast the result of ethanol is increasing contained in a sample of the banana peel with heavy yeast 3, 5 grams, 7 gram levels of ethanol more robust on the day to 8.

The electrical energy is one of the important needs for coastal communities particularly in small islands that has not reached by national electricity network. In order to fulfill this particular electricity needs, we do variety diversification efforts, such as the utilization of the ocean currents. The purpose of this survey is to recognize the morphology of seafloor and characteristic of hydro-oceanography as a fixed reference location in using the current energy. The study area is in the Larantuka Strait between Flores and Adonara islands which is part of the Flores Strait, East Nusatenggara Province. The methods of this study are current measurements, tidal and meteorological parameter observations, condition of coastal morphology and seafloor of the study area. The result show that, the location for turbine position is in area with relatively gentle slope morphology at a 20 meters water depth and it is close to local community. Based on the analysis of ADCP mobile current measurement, the minimum current velocity is 0.004 m/sec and maximum 3.68 m/sec. Whereas, from the ADCP static measurements the current velocity is from 0.002 m/sec to 2.83 m/sec. This condition is closely related to the semi-diurnal tide type in the study area, with two pairs of flood and web events within 24 hours. Therefore, the results of ocean current energy analysis indicate that the study area is very potential for using as a power plant location.

Plant growth interpretation in term of accumulated intercepted solar radiation and the radiation use efficiency (RUE) was used to study the growth and analysis of Jatropha (Jatropha curcas L.). A number of crop growth simulation models have been developed using the RUE concept to predict crop growth and yield in various environments. These models generally calculate daily biomass production as the product of the quantity of radiation intercepted and RUE. This research was carried out to quantify the RUE, biomass and leaf area index on Jatropha under rainfall condition, four levels of nitrogen fertilizer (N) and three population densities (P) planted twice. The experiments used a systematic Nelder fan design with 9 spokes and 4 – 5 rings were conducted at SEAMEO-BIOTROP field experiment in 2007. Data from the first experiment were used for parameterization and calibration and the second experiment data for model validation. Values of RUE were determined by nitrogen fertilizer and plant density. Based on parameterization, we found that RUE for prediction above ground biomass accumulation of Jatropha were 0.94 (r=0.83) g MJ-1 to 1.3 (r=0.75) g MJ-1. Validation between model prediction and field experimental data showed that model can simulate crop growth and development of Jatropha.

Biodiesel is an alternative fuel from renewable raw materials. One of the raw material can be used to make biodiesel is coconut oil. This research aims is determine the maximum biodiesel yield by using varying amounts of H-zeolite catalyst and methanol mole ratios of coconut oil through a process methanolysis. The independent variables used in this study is the mole ratio of methanol-oil 3: 1; 6: 1; 8: 1 9: 1 and catalyst concentration of 1%, 2%, 3% respectively. Temperature of 60°C, 1.5 hours and stirrer speed is keep constant. The yield of biodiesel produced in this study reached 84.78% at a concentration of 2% catalyst mole ratio of methanol-oil 6: 1. The density of biodieselproduced at the maximum yield was 880.90 kg / m3, kinematic viscosity of 4.59 mm2 / s, the flashpoint of 110oC, the water content of 0.048% v, and the acid number of 0.65 mg KOH / g, respectively in addition, analysis of the chemical compositions of biodiesel is used GC - MS. All the characteristics of the physical properties of biodiesel produced have met the standard range contained in the SNI 04-7182-2006.

Indonesia has petroleum reserves about 9 billion barrels, which the average production rate is 0.5 billion barrels per year, and was predicted would be exhaust within 18 years. Government has ordered a program and policy to develop bioethanol and biodiesel for the energy crisis in Indonesia. It is targeted can be provide about 15-20% of the fuel for transportation and national industry in 2025. This research's goals were to produce fuel grade ethanol by distillation-adsorption method, determined the effect of activation temperature of bentonite and the effect ratio of bentonite to bioethanol. The raw materials were bioethanol from nypa sap (8% ethanol content). The ethanol concentration was not too high, so it needed to improve its purity by distillation-adsorption process. The research was held in three phases, which were distillation of nypa sap's bioethanol to 96% ethanol content, activation of bentonite, and distillation-adsorption using activated bentonite. Activation temperature of bentonite were 400oC, 500oC and the ratio of bentonite:bioethanol were 1:2; 1:3; and 1:4. The most effective process for the purification of bioethanol was distillation-adsorption at 500oC activated temperature and the ratio of bentonite:bioethanol was 1:2 with the purity is 99.5% and has been categorized as a fuel grade ethanol

Power Boats is a means of transportation in an environmentally friendly water using solar systems, which transform the energy of sunlight into electrical energy stored in the battery and later as an energy source to drive an electric boat engines. This electric boats as the development of renewable energy do not use fuel that is increasingly growing number of limited and expensive prices. Electric boats have a speed of 7 km / h and can operate for approximately 11.46 hours. The electric boats using solar panels solar Skytech SIM-100 wp, Trojan 31-GEL battery with a capacity of 102 Ah, Solar Charge Controller Shinyoku SC 990 (12V - 10A) engine powered boat Trolling Motor 0.50 pk made in China.

The process of exhausting long melon cultivation is one of the rarity factor farmers grow the The long and exhausting process in melon cultivation is one of factor the farmer rarity to grow up the fruit. The liquid fertilization is done once per 2/3 days. And the spraying can reach up to 23 time until the harvesting. Not maximum liquid fertilization will take longer time and more draining. Thats way, it needs a technology which can solve both these problems in one tool. This tool is called eco splash tank. This tank can also used in remote area without electricity because it is equipped by solar panels for energy source. the one wheel using for design makes the eco splash tank has capacity 30 L and strong. The result for a single full charge can be turned on and pump for 8 hrs. and the charging time for solar panels to accu until full is 9,5 hrs. in a pilot watering can be done up to 30 plants/minute and spray up to 27 plants/minute. It increases from 20 plants/minute(watering) and 17 plants/minute (spraying). In addition the functional benefits are felt by farmers. Because they don't need to hold, pump, and by the fuel. furthermore the design of eco splash tank will be developped for agricultural crops and then RAMP Technopreneurship, patent, and a list of 107 Innovation.

The ability of seed to maintain seed quality during storage is called seed vigor. Accurate method for seed vigor testing of pepper seeds is necessary to accurately determine seed storability during seed distribution. The aim of this research was to determine the best accelerated aging method (AAM) of pepper seed. Freshly harvested seeds of Capsicum annuumL., IPB C9 genotype were used in this study. The experiment used randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The experimental treatments were seed vigor testing methods i.e. natural deterioration test at room temperature in controlled humidity (RH 90-95%), and four AAM (hot water 60 ºC, methanol 20%, ethanol 20%, and high temperature at 40 ºC). The best method was selected using analysis of variance, coeficient of variance, regresion dan t student analysis. AAM using 20% methanol at periods of 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 hours was the best method of seed vigor testing for pepper seed.

Recently a comprehensive source of data and information on carbon storage in various types of forest ecosystems and other land use in Java Island are still limited. This study was carried out in a conservation area of Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park (TNBTS) that represents the ecosystem types of lowland rain forest, sub-montane forests and mountain forests in Java. The information on carbon sequestration and carbon stocks at TNBTS becomes important. The main objective of this study was to estimate biomass and carbon storage in various types of forests in TNBTS using allometric approaches. The additional objectives were to estimate carbon storage on various land cover and to estimate the changes in carbon storage by land cover changes during the period 1990, 2000 and 2013. The measurement of forest carbon include aboveground, understorey, necromass and litter pools covering all ecosystem such as primary forest, secondary forest with high- and low- canopy density. This study found that the average of carbon stocks in primary forest were 193,49 ± 125,98 tonC/ha, and were 267,42 ± 119,25 tonC/ha in secondary forest. The total carbon stocks in the period 1990–2000 has decreased about 22.6 tonC/ha/year and in the period 2000–2013 has increased about 41.2 tonC/ha/year. The enhancement of carbon stocks in this area was driven by an intensive forest protection, good monitoring and land rehabilitation.

Agroindustries in general produce a large amount of organic wastewater. Until now, most of this organics waste-stream was not recovered and left to decompose anaerobically in ponds, where it emits methane, a potent greenhouse gas. By anaerobically digesting of the effluents in a suitable bioreactor, methane can be captured and used for combustion in gas engines or boilers. This way, uncontrolled methane emission from the anaerobic decomposition can be avoided and the utilization of fossil fuels can be replaced partly with the renewable biogas from the decomposition process. In addition, the approach of reducing green house gas emission is potentially to earn financial incentive through Clean Development Mechanism project. This paper demonstrates quantitatively some potential ecological and economical benefits derived from utilising agroindustrial effluents by treating it anaerobically to generate biogas (with cases of cane sugar factory, starch industry, palm oil mill, and tofu industry) . As illustration, for each ton cane sugar produced app. 15 m3 methane can be emitted from uncontrolled anaerobic degradation of it wastewater. By capturing the gas and transforming it into renewable biogas, a methane emission of equivalent to ≈ 272 kg CO2 can be avoided and an energy value of app. 427 MJ with a money value of app. Rp 59 600,- can be obtained. In addition, a financial incentive of app. Rp 14 850,- is possible to be earned from clean development mechanism (CDM) project. The ecological and financial benefits derived from anaerobic treatment of agroindustrial wastewater as indicated by this study should therefore become the driving force for the implementation of the approach.