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description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 1978Energy spent by workers engaged in the basic departments of a coke-chemical plant during working hours and performing operations after the Douglas-Holdeine method was measured and total energy expenditures during separate periods of the day and as a whole determined. Depending upon their jobs the energy spent by the workers during working hours varies within a range of 825 to 1860 Kcal. The energy expenditure during the time outside work, including sleep, amounts to from 1482 up to 1756 Kcal. As concerns the calorific requirements of their alimentation the workers of coke-chemical industry are subdivided into 5 groups of labour-intensity within an interval of from 2500 to 3600 kcal (for men) and from 2200 to 3100 kcal (for women).
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2020Publisher:Individual entrepreneur Elena Anatolievna Kumeyko По состоянию на 2018 г. мировое потребление первичных энергетических ресурсов составило 13 млрд т нефтяного эквивалента. Распределение по видам топлива: нефть 32,9 , твердое топливо 30,1 , газ 23,7 , атомная энергия 4,4 , гидроэнергетика 6,7 , возобновляемые и другие виды ресурсов 2,2 . Исследования в области развития возобновляемых источников энергии осуществляются большим числом ученых теоретиков и практиков, как за рубежом, так и в России. В связи с этим методология данного исследования строилась на системном подходе и использовании комплекса взаимодополняющих методов: сравнительный анализ источников энергии, ситуационный и стратегический анализ возможностей использования возобновляемой энергетики, нормативный и позитивный анализ использования применительно к различным странам и их регионам, метод кейс-стади для исследования реализованных проектов в сфере возобновляемой энергетики, нормативно-правовой анализ принятых законодательных актов и стратегий. Оценка роли возобновляемых источников энергии в социально-экономическом развитии регионов предполагала: сопоставление традиционных и альтернативных источников энергии, выявление их сравнительных преимуществ и недостатков определение качественных и количественных эффектов от проектов, реализованных на рынке возобновляемой энергетики. Потенциал развития возобновляемой энергетики оценивался как через возможные объемы выработки энергии, так и через их долю в общем объеме потребления. Особенностью проводимой оценки и новизной исследования стали, во-первых, ориентация на интересы регионов северо-запада России и, в частности, Республики Карелии и, во-вторых, междисциплинарный подход к анализу эффектов от использования возобновляемых источников энергии: оценивалось снижение затрат, сохранение окружающей среды и т. д. Формализация имеющихся эффектов и анализ факторов развития возобновляемой энергетики позволили определить перспективы и потенциал роста соответствующего рынка в российских регионах, выработать сценарии перехода к возобновляемой энергетике. Полученные результаты позволили сделать вывод о текущем и перспективном влиянии возобновляемой энергетики на социально-экономическое развитие территорий. As of 2018, the world consumption of primary energy resources amounted to 13 billion tons of oil equivalent. Fuel distribution: oil 32.9, solid fuel-30.1 , gas-23.7 , nuclear energy 4.4 , hydropower 6.7 , renewable and other resources 2.2 . Research in the field of renewable energy sources is carried out by a large number of scientists-theorists and practitioners, both abroad and in Russia. In this regard, the methodology of this study was based on a systematic approach and the use of a set of complementary methods: comparative analysis of energy sources situational and strategic analysis of the possibilities of using renewable energy, regulatory and positive analysis of the use in relation to different countries and their regions case-study method for the study of implemented projects in the field of renewable energy regulatory analysis of adopted legislation and strategies. Assessment of the role of renewable energy sources in the socio-economic development of the regions assumed: comparison of traditional and alternative energy sources, identification of their comparative advantages and disadvantages determination of qualitative and quantitative effects of the projects implemented at the renewable energy market. The potential of renewable energy development was assessed both through the possible volumes of energy production and their share in total consumption. Feature evaluation and novelty of the study were, firstly, focused on the interests of the regions of the North-West and, in particular, the Republic of Karelia, and, second, an interdisciplinary approach to the analysis of the effects of using renewable energy sources: estimated cost reduction, environmental preservation, etc. Formalizing the available effects and the analysis of factors of development of renewable energy allowed determining the prospects and growth potential of the relevant market in the Russian regions to develop scenarios of transition to renewable energy. The results made it possible to draw a conclusion about the current and future impact of renewable energy on the socio-economic development of the territories.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Conference object 2024Publisher:Crossref The article considers priority vectors for sustainable development of international economic integration in the macro-region. This problem has not yet been sufficiently studied by foreign and domestic scientists, and is poorly reflected in the economic literature in both theoretical and practical aspects. This leads to the relevance and necessity of research, taking into account the sustainable growth of the macro-region 's economy. It is proposed to develop a clear strategy for the formation of foreign economic and international relations, as the highest priority task of the North Caucasus macro-region. At the same time, issues of reform of this sphere are considered as an objective necessity of its effective functioning. In this regard, priority vectors for the restructuring of services infrastructure have been identified, and the role of State regulation of development management of international economic integration of the North Caucasus macro-region has been noted. Based on the analysis, the authors conclude that there is a lag in the development of the material and technical base from the needs of growth of the economy and that the functioning of its industries is disproportionate in the face of the new challenges of globalization. В статье рассматриваются приоритетные векторы устойчивого развития международной экономической интеграции в макрорегионе. Данная проблематика пока еще недостаточно исследована зарубежными и отечественными учеными, слабо отражена в экономической литературе как в теоретическом, так и в практическом аспектах. Этим обусловлена актуальность и необходимость проведения исследований, с учетом устойчивого роста экономики. Предлагается разработать четкой стратегии формировании внешнеэкономических и международных отношений, как наиболее приоритетная задача Северо-Кавказского макрорегиона. При этом вопросы реформирования данной сферы рассматриваются как объективная необходимость её эффективного функционирования. В связи с этим определены приоритетные векторы реструктуризации инфраструктуры сферы услуг, отмечена роль государственного регулирования управления развитием международной экономической интеграции Северо-Кавказском регионе. На основании проведенного анализа авторы делают вывод о наличии отставания развития материально-технической базы от потребностей роста экономики и о непропорциональности функционирования её отраслей в условиях новых вызовов глобализации.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2014Publisher:Учреждение Российской академии наук Карельский научный центр Российской академии наук Authors: Soesoo, Alvar; Hade, Sigrid;The occurrences of Cambro-Ordovician organic-rich black shale and their metamorphosed Precambrian and Lower Palaeozoic analogues have been known in Fennoscandia for a long time. These rocks show high concentrations of U, Mo, V, Zn, Pb, Ni and other metals. For example, Estonian uranium reserves have been estimated at 6.6 million tons (U 3O 8). Apart from commercial interest, there are environmental aspects related to black shale. Early mining in Sweden and Estonia caused significant damage to environment. Black shale emanates radon, and the weathering of shale releases harmful elements into the soil and groundwater. As the Fennoscandian and Baltoscandian black shale provides a large lithological and geochemical variety of shale and meta-shale, there is need for a new and updated assessment and re-evaluation of this resource. Our proposal is to feed geological, geochemical and environmental information into the Fennoscandian-Baltoscandian Black Shale Database (FBSD) with browser-based visualization possibilities. The database gathers data on both Paleozoic and Precambrian rocks, and includes shale stratigraphy, resource, metal/element distribution, environmental impact assessment, soil and groundwater impact, etc. Some visualizations have been presented using Estonian graptolite argillites as an example.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Conference object 2022Publisher:Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Главный ботанический сад им. Н.В. Цицина Российской академии наук В статье приводится описание ареалов произрастания кленов коллекции БИН АНА, дается информации об экологических предпочтениях видов. Всего представлено 4 региона: 1. Кавказско-европейский регион, включающий 8 видов; 2. Среднеазиатский регион - 1; 3. Восточноазиатский (Дальневосточный) регион - 16 видов; 4. Североамериканский регион - 1 вид. The article describes the areas of growth of maples of the BIN ANA collection, provides information about the ecological preferences of species. There are 4 regions in total: 1. Caucasian-European region, including 8 species; 2. Central Asian region - 1; 3. East Asian (Far Eastern) region - 16 species; 4. North American region - 1 species.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2004Authors: V N, Sychev; M A, Levinskikh; E Ia, Shepelev; I G, Podol'skiĭ;Five ground-based experiments at RF SRC-IBMP had the purpose to make a thorough investigation of a model of the human-unicellular algae-mineralization life support system. The system measured 15 m3 and contained 45 liters of alga suspension; the dry alga density was 10 to 12 g/l and water volume (including the alga suspension) amounted to 59 l. More sophisticated LSS models where algae were substituted by higher plants (crop area in the greenhouse equaled 15 m2) were investigated in three experiments from 1.5 mos. to 2 mos. in duration. It was found that the alga containing LSS was able to fulfill not only the macrofunction (air and water regeneration) but also several additional functions (air purification, establishment of microbial cenosis etc.) providing an adequate human environment. This polyfunctionality of the biological regenerative processes is a weighty argument for their integration into space LSSs. Another important aspect is that the unicellular algae containing systems are highly reliable owing to a huge number of species-cells which will be quickly recovered in case of the death of a part of the population and, consequently, functionality of the LSS autotrophic component will be restored before long. For an extended period of time the Martian crew will have no communication with the Earth's biosphere which implies that LSS should be absolutely reliable and redundant. Redundancy can be achieved through installation aboard the vehicle of two systems constructed on different principles of regeneration, i.e. physical-chemical and biological. Each of the LSSs should have the power to satisfy all needs of the crew. The best option is when two systems are functioning in parallel sharing the responsibility for the human environment. Redundancy in this case will mean that in the event of failure or a drastic decrease in performance of one system the other one will make up for the loss by increasing its share in the overall regeneration process.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2016Publisher:Записки Горного института Потребление энергии во всем мире по ряду причин: рост численности населения, индустриализация и быстрый экономический рост развивающихся стран постоянно увеличивается. Наиболее распространенное газовое топливо природный газ имеет низкую себестоимость добычи. Она меньше аналогичного показателя для жидкого топлива в 2-3 раза, а для каменного угля в 6-12 раз. При передаче природного газа по трубопроводу на расстояние 1,5-2,5 тыс. км его себестоимость с учетом транспортных издержек в 1,5-2 раза ниже себестоимости каменного угля, при этом не нужны топливные склады. Установки, работающие на газовом топливе, обладают более высоким КПД по сравнению с установками, использующими другие виды топлива, они проще и дешевле в эксплуатации, сравнительно легко автоматизируются, что повышает безопасность и улучшает ведение технологического процесса, не требуют сложных устройств топливоподачи и золоудаления. Сгорает газ с минимальным количеством вредных выбросов, что улучшает санитарные условия и экологию. Однако в связи с истощением запасов основных источников энергии многие специалисты связывают будущее мировой энергетики с возможностями применения твердых энергоносителей. С экологической точки зрения наиболее предпочтительной является технология газификации твердого топлива. Внедрил и популяризовал применение искусственного газа английский механик Вильям Мёрдок. Он получил светильный газ, произведя сухую перегонку каменного угля. После изобретения немецким химиком Робертом Бунзеном газовой горелки светильный газ начал применяться в качестве бытового топлива. С изобретением в 1861 г. братьями Сименс промышленного газогенератора появилась возможность получать более дешевый генераторный газ, на который стали переводить промышленные печи. Так как теплота сгорания получаемого в результате газификации генераторного газа относительно мала по сравнению с природным газом, то в Горном университете были проведены исследования возможности использования различных видов низкосортного технологического топлива на глиноземных заводах России в качестве альтернативы природному газу, доступ к которому имеется не во всех регионах. Power consumption across the globe is constantly increasing for a variety of reasons: growing population, industrialization and fast economic growth. The most widespread gaseous fuel natural gas has the low production cost. It is 2-3 times cheaper than liquid fuel production and 6-12 times cheaper than coal production. When natural gas is transported to distances from 1.5 to 2.5 thousand km by the pipeline, its cost with account of transportation is 1.5-2 times less than the cost of coal and the fuel storage facilities are not needed. Plants powered by natural gas have the higher efficiency as compared to the plants operating on other types of fuel. They are easier and cheaper to maintain and are relatively simple in automation, thus enhancing safety and improving the production process flow, do not require complicated fuel feeding or ash handling systems. Gas is combusted with a minimum amount of polluting emissions, which adds to better sanitary conditions and environment protection. But due to depletion of major energy resources many experts see the future of the global energy industry in opportunities associated with the use of solid energy carriers. From the environmental perspective solid fuel gasification is a preferred technology. The use of synthetic gas was first offered and then put to mass scale by English mechanical engineer William Murdoch. He discovered a possibility to use gas for illumination by destructive distillation of bituminous coal. After invention of the gas burner by Robert Bunsen, the illumination gas began to be used as a household fuel. The invention of an industrial gas generator by Siemens brothers made it possible to produce a cheaper generator gas which became a fuel for industrial furnaces. As the calorific value of generator gas produced through gasification is relatively low compared to natural gas, the Mining University studied possibilities to use different types of low grade process fuel at the Russian alumina refineries as an alternative to natural gas, access to which is restricted for some of the regions. №4 (220) (2017)
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2016Publisher:Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования «Южно-Уральский государственный университет» На первых этапах трудовой деятельности молодые инженеры (вчерашние выпускники-бакалавры) испытывают трудности в решении профессиональных задач из-за отсутствия практического опыта работ на производстве. Разработка модели формирования практико-ориентированных компетенций у бакалавров-инженеров позволит разработать основную образовательную программу с учетом требований, предъявляемых федеральными государственными образовательными и профессиональными стандартами. В данной работе на примере подготовки бакалавров по направлению 15.03.04 «Автоматизация технологических процессов и производств» приведено сопоставление соответствующих обобщенных трудовых функций профессиональных стандартов (ПС) и видов профессиональной деятельности федерального государственного образовательного стандарта (ФГОС). В результате проведенного сопоставления выявлена необходимость участия потенциальных работодателей при разработке основной образовательной программы при ее реализации, приведены рекомендации для формирования практико-ориентированных компетенций у бакалавров-инженеров, что приведет к повышению качества образования. At the beginning of their work professional career young engineers (graduates with a Bachelor’s degree) face difficulties in professional tasks solving due to the lack of practical experience. The development of a practically oriented competences formation model for the engineers with a Bachelor’s degree will allow the creation of principal educational program taking into account Federal state educational and occupational standards requirements. A comparison of the corresponding generalized labour functions in occupational standards and the types of professional activity in the Federal state educational standard is given in this paper in the context of 15.03.04 “Technological processes and production automation” concerning Bachelors’ training. As a result, the necessity of potential employers’ participation in principal educational program development and implementation is revealed. Some recommendations are given about how to develop practically oriented competences in engineers with a Bachelor’s so as to improve the quality of education.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2015 UkrainePublisher:Державне підприємство "Державний науково-дослідний центр залізничного транспорту України" В статье рассмотрены наиболее распространение типы накопителей энергии, используемые для транспортных средств. Показано, что существующие критерии не могут дать полную оценку накопителей энергии для автономных транспортных средств, т.к. не учитывают транспортную составляющую. Предложено дополнить существующие критерии тремя новыми (доработанными) показателями, которые учитывают затраты на транспортировку накопителей энергии. Выполнен анализ накопителей энергии, которые используются на конкретных транспортных средствах, с учетом предложенной системы критериев. At present, in the majority of autonomous vehicles, the energy source is power units based on internal combustion engines. As known, such power units provide optimum economical operation in only one power, speed and temperature operating mode, and in other modes, their energy effi ciency (fuel consumption) is much, sometimes several times, lower than in the optimal mode. Therefore, the greatest prospectives in the fi eld of energy savings lie in the research that will allow the internal combustion engine work in the optimal mode under all motion modes of a vehicle. The coeffi cient of effi ciency of the transport system with non-autonomous vehicles that draw power from a contact network are largely dependent on the relative position of vehicles and traction substation. Being near substations or working in stopping mode and not regenerative braking, traction network losses are low, still in the other modes they can reduce the overall effi ciency of the system by tens of percent’s. One of the solutions to these problems is the use of energy storage devices that ensure economical operation of autonomous power plants, improve the dynamic performance of vehicles, and improve the effi ciency of their support systems. The paper presents the most common types of energy storage devices for vehicles: electrochemical, condensing, mechanical and pneumatic. The substantiation of criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of energy storage for vehicles, taking into account the cost of transporting them. The criteria suggested for assessing the energy storage of vehicles allow conducting comparative analysis of different, at nominal parameters and principles of action, devices, according to their use on vehicles where transport costs can be signifi cant. The conducted analysis of specifi c examples of energy storage devices and vehicles has led to the following conclusions: for the most of considered vehicles, the best performance based on the criterion of specifi c energy costs are gel batteries AGM, and in terms of specifi c power ratings cost - the mechanical energy storage.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2013Publisher:Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования «Южно-Уральский государственный университет» The aggravation of global problems of the mankind caused the contradictions in social development. Current social situation demands the professional activity of specially trained people social workers. Professional activity of social workers depends on the quality of their training in the system of continuing education. The consideration of the matter supposes the analysis of the theoretical approaches suggested by domestic scientists that describe the historical aspects of the creation of the training system of social workers, the quality of preparation, competence measurement criteria of social workers in continuing education. The presented article is a theoretical one as it is aimed at the search of scientific approaches and defines the prospects of their experimental confirmation. Обострение глобальных проблем человечества обусловило противоречия социального развития. Сложившаяся ситуация требует профессионального вмешательства специально подготовленных людей социальных работников. Профессиональная деятельность социальных работников зависит от качества их подготовки в системе непрерывного образования. Рассмотрение данного вопроса предполагает изучение теоретических подходов отечественных ученых, раскрывающих исторические аспекты создания системы подготовки специалистов социальной работы, качество подготовки, критерии измерения компетенции в системе непрерывной подготовки социальных работников. Представленная статья носит теоретический характер, так как предполагает поиск научных подходов и определяет перспективы их экспериментального подтверждения.
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description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 1978Energy spent by workers engaged in the basic departments of a coke-chemical plant during working hours and performing operations after the Douglas-Holdeine method was measured and total energy expenditures during separate periods of the day and as a whole determined. Depending upon their jobs the energy spent by the workers during working hours varies within a range of 825 to 1860 Kcal. The energy expenditure during the time outside work, including sleep, amounts to from 1482 up to 1756 Kcal. As concerns the calorific requirements of their alimentation the workers of coke-chemical industry are subdivided into 5 groups of labour-intensity within an interval of from 2500 to 3600 kcal (for men) and from 2200 to 3100 kcal (for women).
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2020Publisher:Individual entrepreneur Elena Anatolievna Kumeyko По состоянию на 2018 г. мировое потребление первичных энергетических ресурсов составило 13 млрд т нефтяного эквивалента. Распределение по видам топлива: нефть 32,9 , твердое топливо 30,1 , газ 23,7 , атомная энергия 4,4 , гидроэнергетика 6,7 , возобновляемые и другие виды ресурсов 2,2 . Исследования в области развития возобновляемых источников энергии осуществляются большим числом ученых теоретиков и практиков, как за рубежом, так и в России. В связи с этим методология данного исследования строилась на системном подходе и использовании комплекса взаимодополняющих методов: сравнительный анализ источников энергии, ситуационный и стратегический анализ возможностей использования возобновляемой энергетики, нормативный и позитивный анализ использования применительно к различным странам и их регионам, метод кейс-стади для исследования реализованных проектов в сфере возобновляемой энергетики, нормативно-правовой анализ принятых законодательных актов и стратегий. Оценка роли возобновляемых источников энергии в социально-экономическом развитии регионов предполагала: сопоставление традиционных и альтернативных источников энергии, выявление их сравнительных преимуществ и недостатков определение качественных и количественных эффектов от проектов, реализованных на рынке возобновляемой энергетики. Потенциал развития возобновляемой энергетики оценивался как через возможные объемы выработки энергии, так и через их долю в общем объеме потребления. Особенностью проводимой оценки и новизной исследования стали, во-первых, ориентация на интересы регионов северо-запада России и, в частности, Республики Карелии и, во-вторых, междисциплинарный подход к анализу эффектов от использования возобновляемых источников энергии: оценивалось снижение затрат, сохранение окружающей среды и т. д. Формализация имеющихся эффектов и анализ факторов развития возобновляемой энергетики позволили определить перспективы и потенциал роста соответствующего рынка в российских регионах, выработать сценарии перехода к возобновляемой энергетике. Полученные результаты позволили сделать вывод о текущем и перспективном влиянии возобновляемой энергетики на социально-экономическое развитие территорий. As of 2018, the world consumption of primary energy resources amounted to 13 billion tons of oil equivalent. Fuel distribution: oil 32.9, solid fuel-30.1 , gas-23.7 , nuclear energy 4.4 , hydropower 6.7 , renewable and other resources 2.2 . Research in the field of renewable energy sources is carried out by a large number of scientists-theorists and practitioners, both abroad and in Russia. In this regard, the methodology of this study was based on a systematic approach and the use of a set of complementary methods: comparative analysis of energy sources situational and strategic analysis of the possibilities of using renewable energy, regulatory and positive analysis of the use in relation to different countries and their regions case-study method for the study of implemented projects in the field of renewable energy regulatory analysis of adopted legislation and strategies. Assessment of the role of renewable energy sources in the socio-economic development of the regions assumed: comparison of traditional and alternative energy sources, identification of their comparative advantages and disadvantages determination of qualitative and quantitative effects of the projects implemented at the renewable energy market. The potential of renewable energy development was assessed both through the possible volumes of energy production and their share in total consumption. Feature evaluation and novelty of the study were, firstly, focused on the interests of the regions of the North-West and, in particular, the Republic of Karelia, and, second, an interdisciplinary approach to the analysis of the effects of using renewable energy sources: estimated cost reduction, environmental preservation, etc. Formalizing the available effects and the analysis of factors of development of renewable energy allowed determining the prospects and growth potential of the relevant market in the Russian regions to develop scenarios of transition to renewable energy. The results made it possible to draw a conclusion about the current and future impact of renewable energy on the socio-economic development of the territories.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Conference object 2024Publisher:Crossref The article considers priority vectors for sustainable development of international economic integration in the macro-region. This problem has not yet been sufficiently studied by foreign and domestic scientists, and is poorly reflected in the economic literature in both theoretical and practical aspects. This leads to the relevance and necessity of research, taking into account the sustainable growth of the macro-region 's economy. It is proposed to develop a clear strategy for the formation of foreign economic and international relations, as the highest priority task of the North Caucasus macro-region. At the same time, issues of reform of this sphere are considered as an objective necessity of its effective functioning. In this regard, priority vectors for the restructuring of services infrastructure have been identified, and the role of State regulation of development management of international economic integration of the North Caucasus macro-region has been noted. Based on the analysis, the authors conclude that there is a lag in the development of the material and technical base from the needs of growth of the economy and that the functioning of its industries is disproportionate in the face of the new challenges of globalization. В статье рассматриваются приоритетные векторы устойчивого развития международной экономической интеграции в макрорегионе. Данная проблематика пока еще недостаточно исследована зарубежными и отечественными учеными, слабо отражена в экономической литературе как в теоретическом, так и в практическом аспектах. Этим обусловлена актуальность и необходимость проведения исследований, с учетом устойчивого роста экономики. Предлагается разработать четкой стратегии формировании внешнеэкономических и международных отношений, как наиболее приоритетная задача Северо-Кавказского макрорегиона. При этом вопросы реформирования данной сферы рассматриваются как объективная необходимость её эффективного функционирования. В связи с этим определены приоритетные векторы реструктуризации инфраструктуры сферы услуг, отмечена роль государственного регулирования управления развитием международной экономической интеграции Северо-Кавказском регионе. На основании проведенного анализа авторы делают вывод о наличии отставания развития материально-технической базы от потребностей роста экономики и о непропорциональности функционирования её отраслей в условиях новых вызовов глобализации.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2014Publisher:Учреждение Российской академии наук Карельский научный центр Российской академии наук Authors: Soesoo, Alvar; Hade, Sigrid;The occurrences of Cambro-Ordovician organic-rich black shale and their metamorphosed Precambrian and Lower Palaeozoic analogues have been known in Fennoscandia for a long time. These rocks show high concentrations of U, Mo, V, Zn, Pb, Ni and other metals. For example, Estonian uranium reserves have been estimated at 6.6 million tons (U 3O 8). Apart from commercial interest, there are environmental aspects related to black shale. Early mining in Sweden and Estonia caused significant damage to environment. Black shale emanates radon, and the weathering of shale releases harmful elements into the soil and groundwater. As the Fennoscandian and Baltoscandian black shale provides a large lithological and geochemical variety of shale and meta-shale, there is need for a new and updated assessment and re-evaluation of this resource. Our proposal is to feed geological, geochemical and environmental information into the Fennoscandian-Baltoscandian Black Shale Database (FBSD) with browser-based visualization possibilities. The database gathers data on both Paleozoic and Precambrian rocks, and includes shale stratigraphy, resource, metal/element distribution, environmental impact assessment, soil and groundwater impact, etc. Some visualizations have been presented using Estonian graptolite argillites as an example.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Conference object 2022Publisher:Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Главный ботанический сад им. Н.В. Цицина Российской академии наук В статье приводится описание ареалов произрастания кленов коллекции БИН АНА, дается информации об экологических предпочтениях видов. Всего представлено 4 региона: 1. Кавказско-европейский регион, включающий 8 видов; 2. Среднеазиатский регион - 1; 3. Восточноазиатский (Дальневосточный) регион - 16 видов; 4. Североамериканский регион - 1 вид. The article describes the areas of growth of maples of the BIN ANA collection, provides information about the ecological preferences of species. There are 4 regions in total: 1. Caucasian-European region, including 8 species; 2. Central Asian region - 1; 3. East Asian (Far Eastern) region - 16 species; 4. North American region - 1 species.
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You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2004Authors: V N, Sychev; M A, Levinskikh; E Ia, Shepelev; I G, Podol'skiĭ;Five ground-based experiments at RF SRC-IBMP had the purpose to make a thorough investigation of a model of the human-unicellular algae-mineralization life support system. The system measured 15 m3 and contained 45 liters of alga suspension; the dry alga density was 10 to 12 g/l and water volume (including the alga suspension) amounted to 59 l. More sophisticated LSS models where algae were substituted by higher plants (crop area in the greenhouse equaled 15 m2) were investigated in three experiments from 1.5 mos. to 2 mos. in duration. It was found that the alga containing LSS was able to fulfill not only the macrofunction (air and water regeneration) but also several additional functions (air purification, establishment of microbial cenosis etc.) providing an adequate human environment. This polyfunctionality of the biological regenerative processes is a weighty argument for their integration into space LSSs. Another important aspect is that the unicellular algae containing systems are highly reliable owing to a huge number of species-cells which will be quickly recovered in case of the death of a part of the population and, consequently, functionality of the LSS autotrophic component will be restored before long. For an extended period of time the Martian crew will have no communication with the Earth's biosphere which implies that LSS should be absolutely reliable and redundant. Redundancy can be achieved through installation aboard the vehicle of two systems constructed on different principles of regeneration, i.e. physical-chemical and biological. Each of the LSSs should have the power to satisfy all needs of the crew. The best option is when two systems are functioning in parallel sharing the responsibility for the human environment. Redundancy in this case will mean that in the event of failure or a drastic decrease in performance of one system the other one will make up for the loss by increasing its share in the overall regeneration process.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2016Publisher:Записки Горного института Потребление энергии во всем мире по ряду причин: рост численности населения, индустриализация и быстрый экономический рост развивающихся стран постоянно увеличивается. Наиболее распространенное газовое топливо природный газ имеет низкую себестоимость добычи. Она меньше аналогичного показателя для жидкого топлива в 2-3 раза, а для каменного угля в 6-12 раз. При передаче природного газа по трубопроводу на расстояние 1,5-2,5 тыс. км его себестоимость с учетом транспортных издержек в 1,5-2 раза ниже себестоимости каменного угля, при этом не нужны топливные склады. Установки, работающие на газовом топливе, обладают более высоким КПД по сравнению с установками, использующими другие виды топлива, они проще и дешевле в эксплуатации, сравнительно легко автоматизируются, что повышает безопасность и улучшает ведение технологического процесса, не требуют сложных устройств топливоподачи и золоудаления. Сгорает газ с минимальным количеством вредных выбросов, что улучшает санитарные условия и экологию. Однако в связи с истощением запасов основных источников энергии многие специалисты связывают будущее мировой энергетики с возможностями применения твердых энергоносителей. С экологической точки зрения наиболее предпочтительной является технология газификации твердого топлива. Внедрил и популяризовал применение искусственного газа английский механик Вильям Мёрдок. Он получил светильный газ, произведя сухую перегонку каменного угля. После изобретения немецким химиком Робертом Бунзеном газовой горелки светильный газ начал применяться в качестве бытового топлива. С изобретением в 1861 г. братьями Сименс промышленного газогенератора появилась возможность получать более дешевый генераторный газ, на который стали переводить промышленные печи. Так как теплота сгорания получаемого в результате газификации генераторного газа относительно мала по сравнению с природным газом, то в Горном университете были проведены исследования возможности использования различных видов низкосортного технологического топлива на глиноземных заводах России в качестве альтернативы природному газу, доступ к которому имеется не во всех регионах. Power consumption across the globe is constantly increasing for a variety of reasons: growing population, industrialization and fast economic growth. The most widespread gaseous fuel natural gas has the low production cost. It is 2-3 times cheaper than liquid fuel production and 6-12 times cheaper than coal production. When natural gas is transported to distances from 1.5 to 2.5 thousand km by the pipeline, its cost with account of transportation is 1.5-2 times less than the cost of coal and the fuel storage facilities are not needed. Plants powered by natural gas have the higher efficiency as compared to the plants operating on other types of fuel. They are easier and cheaper to maintain and are relatively simple in automation, thus enhancing safety and improving the production process flow, do not require complicated fuel feeding or ash handling systems. Gas is combusted with a minimum amount of polluting emissions, which adds to better sanitary conditions and environment protection. But due to depletion of major energy resources many experts see the future of the global energy industry in opportunities associated with the use of solid energy carriers. From the environmental perspective solid fuel gasification is a preferred technology. The use of synthetic gas was first offered and then put to mass scale by English mechanical engineer William Murdoch. He discovered a possibility to use gas for illumination by destructive distillation of bituminous coal. After invention of the gas burner by Robert Bunsen, the illumination gas began to be used as a household fuel. The invention of an industrial gas generator by Siemens brothers made it possible to produce a cheaper generator gas which became a fuel for industrial furnaces. As the calorific value of generator gas produced through gasification is relatively low compared to natural gas, the Mining University studied possibilities to use different types of low grade process fuel at the Russian alumina refineries as an alternative to natural gas, access to which is restricted for some of the regions. №4 (220) (2017)
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2016Publisher:Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования «Южно-Уральский государственный университет» На первых этапах трудовой деятельности молодые инженеры (вчерашние выпускники-бакалавры) испытывают трудности в решении профессиональных задач из-за отсутствия практического опыта работ на производстве. Разработка модели формирования практико-ориентированных компетенций у бакалавров-инженеров позволит разработать основную образовательную программу с учетом требований, предъявляемых федеральными государственными образовательными и профессиональными стандартами. В данной работе на примере подготовки бакалавров по направлению 15.03.04 «Автоматизация технологических процессов и производств» приведено сопоставление соответствующих обобщенных трудовых функций профессиональных стандартов (ПС) и видов профессиональной деятельности федерального государственного образовательного стандарта (ФГОС). В результате проведенного сопоставления выявлена необходимость участия потенциальных работодателей при разработке основной образовательной программы при ее реализации, приведены рекомендации для формирования практико-ориентированных компетенций у бакалавров-инженеров, что приведет к повышению качества образования. At the beginning of their work professional career young engineers (graduates with a Bachelor’s degree) face difficulties in professional tasks solving due to the lack of practical experience. The development of a practically oriented competences formation model for the engineers with a Bachelor’s degree will allow the creation of principal educational program taking into account Federal state educational and occupational standards requirements. A comparison of the corresponding generalized labour functions in occupational standards and the types of professional activity in the Federal state educational standard is given in this paper in the context of 15.03.04 “Technological processes and production automation” concerning Bachelors’ training. As a result, the necessity of potential employers’ participation in principal educational program development and implementation is revealed. Some recommendations are given about how to develop practically oriented competences in engineers with a Bachelor’s so as to improve the quality of education.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2015 UkrainePublisher:Державне підприємство "Державний науково-дослідний центр залізничного транспорту України" В статье рассмотрены наиболее распространение типы накопителей энергии, используемые для транспортных средств. Показано, что существующие критерии не могут дать полную оценку накопителей энергии для автономных транспортных средств, т.к. не учитывают транспортную составляющую. Предложено дополнить существующие критерии тремя новыми (доработанными) показателями, которые учитывают затраты на транспортировку накопителей энергии. Выполнен анализ накопителей энергии, которые используются на конкретных транспортных средствах, с учетом предложенной системы критериев. At present, in the majority of autonomous vehicles, the energy source is power units based on internal combustion engines. As known, such power units provide optimum economical operation in only one power, speed and temperature operating mode, and in other modes, their energy effi ciency (fuel consumption) is much, sometimes several times, lower than in the optimal mode. Therefore, the greatest prospectives in the fi eld of energy savings lie in the research that will allow the internal combustion engine work in the optimal mode under all motion modes of a vehicle. The coeffi cient of effi ciency of the transport system with non-autonomous vehicles that draw power from a contact network are largely dependent on the relative position of vehicles and traction substation. Being near substations or working in stopping mode and not regenerative braking, traction network losses are low, still in the other modes they can reduce the overall effi ciency of the system by tens of percent’s. One of the solutions to these problems is the use of energy storage devices that ensure economical operation of autonomous power plants, improve the dynamic performance of vehicles, and improve the effi ciency of their support systems. The paper presents the most common types of energy storage devices for vehicles: electrochemical, condensing, mechanical and pneumatic. The substantiation of criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of energy storage for vehicles, taking into account the cost of transporting them. The criteria suggested for assessing the energy storage of vehicles allow conducting comparative analysis of different, at nominal parameters and principles of action, devices, according to their use on vehicles where transport costs can be signifi cant. The conducted analysis of specifi c examples of energy storage devices and vehicles has led to the following conclusions: for the most of considered vehicles, the best performance based on the criterion of specifi c energy costs are gel batteries AGM, and in terms of specifi c power ratings cost - the mechanical energy storage.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2013Publisher:Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования «Южно-Уральский государственный университет» The aggravation of global problems of the mankind caused the contradictions in social development. Current social situation demands the professional activity of specially trained people social workers. Professional activity of social workers depends on the quality of their training in the system of continuing education. The consideration of the matter supposes the analysis of the theoretical approaches suggested by domestic scientists that describe the historical aspects of the creation of the training system of social workers, the quality of preparation, competence measurement criteria of social workers in continuing education. The presented article is a theoretical one as it is aimed at the search of scientific approaches and defines the prospects of their experimental confirmation. Обострение глобальных проблем человечества обусловило противоречия социального развития. Сложившаяся ситуация требует профессионального вмешательства специально подготовленных людей социальных работников. Профессиональная деятельность социальных работников зависит от качества их подготовки в системе непрерывного образования. Рассмотрение данного вопроса предполагает изучение теоретических подходов отечественных ученых, раскрывающих исторические аспекты создания системы подготовки специалистов социальной работы, качество подготовки, критерии измерения компетенции в системе непрерывной подготовки социальных работников. Представленная статья носит теоретический характер, так как предполагает поиск научных подходов и определяет перспективы их экспериментального подтверждения.
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