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the reduction in red meat consumption has been proposed as one of the climate change mitigation policies associated to health benefits. In the developed world, red meat consumption is above the recommended intake level.the aim is to evaluate health benefits, in term of mortality decline, associated to different bovine meat consumption reduction scenarios and the potential reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.meat consumption in Italy has been estimated using the Italian National Food Consumption Survey INRAN-SCAI (2005-2006) and the Multipurpose survey on household (2012) of the Italian National Institute for Statistics. Colorectal cancer and stoke mortality data are derived from the national survey on causes of death in 2012. Bovine meat consumption risk function has been retrieved from systematic literature reviews. Mean meat consumption in Italy is equal to 770 grams/week; gender and geographical variations exist: 69 per cent of the adult population are habitual bovine meat consumers; males have an average intake of over 400 grams/week in all areas of Italy (with the exception of the South), while females have lower intakes (360 grams per week), with higher consumption in the North-West (427 gr) and lower in the South of Italy. Four scenarios of reduction of bovine meat consumption (20%, 40%, 50% e 70%, respectively) have been evaluated and the number of avoidable deaths by gender and area of residence have been estimated. GHG emissions attributed to bovine meat adult consumption have been estimated to be to 10 gigagrams CO2-eq.from low to high reduction scenario, the percentage of avoidable deaths ranged from 2.1% to 6.5% for colorectal cancer and from 1.6% to 5.6% for stroke. Health benefits were greatest for males and for people living in the North-Western regions of Italy.in Italy, in order to adhere to bovine meat consumption recommendations and to respect EU GHG emission reduction targets, scenarios between 50% and 70% need to be adopted.

Introduction The momentum towards the green economy; strongly focused on innovation; highlights the urgent need to anticipate the new and emerging health and safety risks in green jobs with a view to ensuring adequate; safe and healthy working conditions. The present study has conducted a survey among relevant stakeholders; social partners; institutions and green companies to collect their perceptions of potential effects of green jobs on occupational health and safety; with particular regard to the renewable energy sector. Methods An online questionnaire posted on the "Research Activity" section of the INAIL website was used to conduct the survey. It involved a sample of 61 stakeholders including institutions (11); trade unions (11); employers associations (13); companies (11); research (15). Questionnaire results have been uploaded to a database in Microsoft Excel format and analysed using SPSS version 16.0 for Windows. Results Most of respondents claim that the green transition poses new risks that can be managed with current risk management procedures (38;2% of responses) or think that renewables entail the same types of risks as other forms of energy but new risk management procedures are required (27;3% of responses). As regards the occupational health and safety risks associated with the production of sustainable energy sources; this study shows that wind; photovoltaic and solar thermal energy (41;2%) entail low health and safety risks. Medium risks have been identified in geothermal (47;1%); hydro power (44;1%) and biomass (38;2%). Discussion This study provides an objective analysis of green experts' perception of emerging and poorly investigated issues concerning the potential implications of green technologies in the field of occupational health and safety. The poor perception of workers' health and safety protection brought to light by the survey is due to a delay of the Italian political; scientific and industrial world in the assessment of potential risks for workers' health and safety posed by the introduction of new green technologies.

The paper presents the role of the new Open Source technologies to encourage participation in the processes of incorporation of metropolitan cities established by the Italian legal system by Law 56 of 7 April 2014. Highlighted how technological innovation can provide useful tools to fill the competitive gap resulting from the physical conformation of the territory and from the delays in infrastructure of the future metropolitan city of Reggio Calabria. And is finally presented the experimental project of neighborhood of Archi CEP in Reggio Calabria.

Il tema trattato in questa tesina di laurea è l'educazione sostenibile nella scuola dell'infanzia. Nel primo capitolo viene trattato il tema della sostenibilità e dello sviluppo sostenibile in generale, nel primo paragrafo si spiega cos'è la sostenibilità, ossia un rapporto equilibrato tra lo sviluppo delle attività umane e la natura, in modo da permettere alla vita umana di continuare senza che i cambiamenti apportati alla natura da tali attività distruggano il contesto biofisico globale. Di seguito viene spiegato che per poter attuare uno sviluppo sostenibile esistono tre tappe principali che devono essere in equilibrio, che sono: economica, sociale e ambientale. Nel secondo capitolo viene trattato il tema dell’importanza della sostenibilità. Nonostante la natura fosse importante per l’umanità, gli uomini l’hanno sottoposta a pressioni e impatti che hanno determinato un deterioramento in molti casi non recuperabile. Nei paragrafi successivi si spiega che sono quattro i servizi fondamentali che l'uomo ha sempre ricevuto dalla natura e senza i quali sarebbero in pericolo la sua sicurezza e la sua sopravvivenza. Questi sono: servizi di approvigionamento, servizi di regolazione, servizi di supporto e servizi culturali. In seguito viene trattato l’impatto antropico globale, lo stato del pianeta, l’aumento della popolazione mondiale, la problematica dell’agricoltura e altre questioni da risolvere per fermare il degrado della natura e tutelare la continuazione della vita sul pianeta Terra. Nel terzo capitolo si parla di educazione allo sviluppo sostenibile (ESS). Essa è divenuta fondamentale nel promuovere una via di sviluppo sostenibile che considera il benessere delle generazioni presenti e soprattutto di quelle future. L'educazione allo sviluppo sostenibile è essenziale per la creazione di una società civile che sia capace di modificare le proprie abitudini dopo essersi informata e agire in modo responsabile per l'integrità ambientale, la sostenibilità economica e una società migliore per le generazioni presenti e quelle future. Nel successivo paragrafo vengono elaborate le competenze e i principi pedagogici dell'educazione allo sviluppo sostenibile, poi viene definito il pensiero sistemico, possedere il quale risulta importante per l'educazione sostenibile. In seguito si spiega come mettere in pratica l'ESS, qual è l'obiettivo generale e quali sono le finalità delle proposte per l'ESS. Le proposte di percorsi didattici di educazione allo sviluppo sostenibile sono il tema del quarto capitolo. Sono descritti quattro temi che si potrebbero trattare: tutela delle acque e del mare, tutela della biodiversità, alimentazione sostenibile e gestione dei rifiuti. Sono state definite le finalità dei percorsi, gli obiettivi e anche un esempio concreto di percorso didattico per ogni tema. La seconda parte della tesi riporta la ricerca empirica sugli atteggiamenti pro ambientali, i comportamenti sostenibili per l'ambiente delle educatrici nella scuola dell'infanzia, nonché i contenuti e le metodologie da loro usate per l'educazione allo sviluppo sostenibile. In base ai dati ottenuti dall'inchiesta una gran parte delle educatrici ha sviluppate delle abitudini pro ambientali come il riciclo, l'uso ridotto dei sacchetti di plastica, il risparmio dell'acqua, il risparmio di elettricità, ma non è abituata a usare le pile ricaricabili, acquistare cibi biologici, o riutilizzare l'acqua di lavaggio delle verdure. Per quanto riguarda la frequenza con cui trattano i temi di educazione allo sviluppo sostenibile, una gran parte delle intervistate afferma di trattarli molto spesso, e di praticare routine quotidiane che ne fanno parte. Sostengono anche che i bambini sono interessati alle attività didattiche di educazione allo sviluppo sostenibile. Come metodologia, invece, usano molto spesso i progetti e i giochi didattici, i giochi motori, le osservazioni di processi naturali, gli esperimenti, le attività artistiche, le attività a contatto con la natura, le narrazioni e le drammatizzazioni di storie, mentre con meno frequenza usano le attività musicali, le attività teatrali, le visite, le gite e le schede didattiche. The theme treated in this three-year degree thesis is education about sustainable development in kendergarten. The first chapter deals with the theme of sustainability and sustainable development in general, the first paragraph explains what sustainability is, in other words, a balanced relationship between the development of human activities and nature, in order to allow human life to continue, without the changes made to nature by these activities destroying the global biophysical context. It is explained later on that in order to implement sustainable development there are three main stages that must be in balance, which are: economic, social and environmental. The second chapter deals with the issue of the importance of sustainability, even though nature is important to humanity, humans have subjected it to pressures and impacts that have led to a deterioration that is in many cases not recoverable. The following paragraphs it is explained that there are four fundamental services that man has always received from nature and without which his safety and survival would be in danger, these are: supply services, regulatory services, support services and cultural services. The subtitle of the second chapter deals with the global anthropogenic impact and the state of the planet, in the following paragraphs information concerning the increase in the world population, the problems of agriculture and other issues to be resolved to stop the degradation of nature and protect the continuation of life on planet Earth are then discussed. The third chapter talks about education for sustainable development (ESD). It has become fundamental in promoting a sustainable development path that considers the well-being of present and especially future generations. ESD is essential for creating a civil society that is capable of making decisions after being informed and acting responsibly for environmental integrity, economic sustainability and a better society for present and future generations. In the first subtitle the competences and pedagogical principles of ESD are elaborated and after that in the second subtitle the systemic thinking is defined, which is an important capacity for sustainable education. In the next subchapters it is explained how to put the ESD into practice, what the overall goal is and what the aims of the ESD proposals are. The proposals of educational courses for education for sustainable development are the theme of the fourth chapter, here we can find out about the four topics covered: protection of water and the sea, protection of biodiversity, sustainable nutrition and waste management. This chapter defines the various aims of the paths, the objectives and also an example for each theme mentioned above. The second part of the thesis reports the empirical research on pro-environmental attitudes, sustainable behaviors for the environment of educators in kindergarten, as well as the contents and methodologies they use for education for sustainable development. On the basis of the data obtained from the questionnaire, a large part of the educators have developed pro-environmental habits such as recycling, reduced use of plastic bags, saving water, saving electricity, but they are not used to using rechargeable batteries, buy organic food, or reuse vegetable wash water. Regarding the frequency with which they deal with the issues of education for sustainable development, a large part of the educators say they deal with them very often, and practice daily routines that are part of them. They also claim that children are interested in educational activities of education for sustainable development. As methodology, however, they very often use didactic projects and games, motor games, observations of natural processes, experiments, artistic activities, activities in contact with nature, narrations and dramatizations of stories, while with less frequency they use musical activities, theatrical activities, visits, trips and didactic cards. Tema ovog završnog rada je odgoj o održivom razvoju u dječjem vrtiću. Prvo poglavlje se bavi temom održivosti i održivog razvoja. Prvi odlomak objašnjava što je održivost, odnosno skup odnosa između razvoja ljudskih aktivnosti i prirode koja omogućava nastavak ljudskog života, na način da ljudske aktivnosti nastave bez posljedica na globalni biofizički kontekst. Zatim je objašnjeno da za provedbu održivog razvoja postoje tri glavne faze koje moraju biti u ravnoteži, a to su: ekonomska, društvena i okolišna. Drugo poglavlje se bavi pitanjem važnosti održivosti, ovdje saznajemo koliko je priroda važna za čovječanstvo i koliko su ljudi podvrgli dobrobit prirode pritiscima i utjecajima koji su doveli do pogoršanja koje se u mnogim slučajevima ne može oporaviti. U sljedećim odlomcima dobivamo uvid da postoje četiri temeljne usluge koje je čovjek oduvijek primao od prirode i bez kojih bi njegova sigurnost i opstanak bili ugroženi, a to su: usluge opskrbe, regulatorne usluge, usluge podrške i kulturne usluge. Sljedeće poglavlje se bavi globalnim antropogenim utjecajem i stanjem planeta, te su prikazani podaci o rastu svjetske populacije, problemima poljoprivrede i druga pitanja važna za rješavanje problema degradacije prirode i nastavak života na Zemlji. Traće poglavlje govori o obrazovanju za održivi razvoj (OOR). OOR je postao temeljnim u promicanju održivog razvojnog puta koji uzima u obzir dobrobit sadašnjih, a posebno budućih generacija. Obrazovanje za održivi razvoj ključno je za stvaranje civilnog društva koje je sposobno donositi odluke nakon što je informirano i odgovorno djelovati za integritet okoliša, ekonomsku održivost i bolje društvo za sadašnje i buduće generacije. U narednom poglavlju su razrađene kompetencije i pedagoški principi obrazovanja za održivi razvoj, a nakon toga je definirano sustavno razmišljanje, što je važna sposobnost za obrazovanje za održivi razvoj. Nastavljajući, otkrivamo kako provesti OOR u praksi, koji je opći cilj i koji su zadaci predloženih tema za OOR -a. Četvrto poglavlje sadrži prijedloge tema za obrazovanje za održivi razvoj, obrađene su četiri teme koje bi mogle biti provedene: zaštita voda i mora, zaštita biološke raznolikosti, održiva prehrana i gospodarenje otpadom. U ovom poglavlju predloženo je više odgojnih ciljeva i primjer za svaku gore spomenutu temu. Drugi dio završnog rada izvješćuje o empirijskom istraživanju pro-ekoloških stavova, ekološki održivog ponašanja odgojitelja u vrtiću, kao i sadržaja i metodologija koje koriste za obrazovanje za održivi razvoj. Na temelju podataka dobivenih istraživanjem vidljivo je da veliki dio odgojiteljica ima razvijene ekološke navike poput recikliranja, smanjene uporabe plastičnih vrećica, uštede vode, uštede električne energije, ali nisu navikle koristiti punjive baterije, kupovati organsku hranu ili ponovno upotrijebiti vodu nakon ispiranje povrća. Što se tiče učestalosti kojom se bave pitanjima obrazovanja za održivi razvoj, veliki dio odgojiteljica tvrdi da se s njima vrlo često koristi i prakticira svakodnevne rutine koje su dio istih. Također tvrde da su djeca zainteresirana za odgojno obrazovne aktivnosti vezane za obrazovanje održivog razvoja. Kao metodu rada vrlo često koriste didaktičke projekte i igre, motoričke igre, promatranje prirodnih procesa, eksperimente, umjetničke aktivnosti, aktivnosti u dodiru s prirodom, pripovijedanje i dramatizacije priča, dok manje često koriste glazbene aktivnosti, kazališne aktivnosti, posjete, izlete i nastavne listiće.

The unsustainability of sustainability wants to underline the improper and widespread use of a complex concept that cannot be trivialized through the proposal of technological solutions. Although technological solutions represent “comfortable” tools for social reassurance, the risk is a social drift generated by the phenomenon of the “granfalloon”. Behind the technological solutions there are new market proposals, which have nothing to do with the real resolution of the sustainability of the global socio-economic system. The perception of the whole socio-economic system as a single metabolic socio-ecological system, makes us interpret the role of technological solutions differently. The knowledge we have gained over the last 50 years on the functioning of natural systems represent consolidated bases for interpreting and providing solutions on the sustainability of mankind. This perception, while providing uncomfortable solutions, should change the perception of applied ecology within the academy community. Therefore, applied ecology no longer as a study of human effects on the ecosphere, but as a discipline that teaches mankind how to structure its socio-economic metabolism compatibly with the constraints imposed by the ecosphere. BORNH Bulletin of Regional Natural History, V. 1 N. 2 (2021): BORNH 02/2021

The new energy and regulatory scenarios on European and Italian level require a review of the regional energy strategies. Transitioning the global economy from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources has been identified as a key strategy for mitigating climate change. Energy sector transformation needs smart policies. The Lazio region is drawing up a new strategy for sustainable energy that aims to define the necessary conditions for development of a regional energy system increasingly turned to the use of renewable sources and efficient energy use as a means for greater environmental protection, in particular for the purpose of reduction of greenhouse gases (GHG). The strategy aims to facilitate the transition to a low carbon economy by increasing energy production from renewable sources, fostering a green economic recovery and the creation of green jobs in Lazio Region.

The private real estate of historical centers play a crucial role in development’s dynamics, because their efficient utilization contributes to the competitiveness and prosperity of the territory that they belong to. These real estate in state of decay and quite often under contested ownership, represent an impediment to the implementation of dedicated development plans. The objective of this paper is to contribute to the discussion on the historic centers and to suggest tools and preliminary procedures in support of the local Councils in facing up the problem of the unused private real estate, within a structured enhancement process. Will be used two approaches: one related to legal aspects of the problem, where have been clarified the available legislative instruments , the other which highlights the importance of the assessment process and its contribution in defining instruments used to set up development plans, with specific attention on the feasibility and sustainability of the investments involved in the recovery of these historic areas, eventually with the contribution of private funds, nevertheless the need to evaluate the benefit the private investors will receive in return from their investments.

Playing a fundamental role in in the economic and social development of the Amazon region, river transportation can be considered as a foundation for the sustainable development of the emerging areas of the Peruvian Amazon. With this consideration in mind, the IDS2013 Conference was jointly organized in Iquitos on 17 th -19 th July 2013 by the University of Trieste (www.units.it) and the Universidad Católica Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo (www.usat.edu.pe), within the IDS (Ingeniería por un Desarollo Sostenible) concept. Focussing on crucial and peculiar aspects of river transportation of people, goods and services, the IDS2013 Conference represented an opportunity for designers, research organizations, academic institutions, shipbuilders, owners, classification societies, etc. to actively contribute to the improvement of river transportation and exploitation systems, with the final goal of making river transportation a safe, efficient, environmentally friendly and profitable sector for local people. This volume contains the scientific papers which, following the review process, have been accepted for inclusion in the proceedings of the Conference. Por jugar un papel fundamental en el desarrollo económico y social de la región amazónica, el transporte fluvial puede ser considerado como uno de los cimientos para el desarrollo sostenible en las áreas emergentes de la Amazonía peruana. Teniendo esto en cuenta, el Congreso IDS2013 ha sido organizado conjuntamente por la Universidad de Trieste (www.units.it) y la Universidad Católica Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo (www.usat.edu.pe), dentro del concepto IDS (Ingeniería por un Desarrollo Sostenible). Centrado en los aspectos cruciales del transporte fluvial de personas, bienes y servicios, el Congreso IDS2013 ha sido una oportunidad para diseñadores, organizaciones de investigación, instituciones académicas, constructores navales, armadores, sociedades de clasificación, etc. para contribuir activamente con el desarrollo del transporte fluvial y los sistemas de explotación, con el objetivo de volver el transporte fluvial un sector seguro, eficiente, ecológicamente amigable y lucrativo para las personas locales. Este volumen contiene los artículos científicos que, después de seguir el proceso de revisión, han sido aceptados para ser incluidos en las actas del Congreso.

Il presente rapporto descrive la progettazione e l’implementazione della piattaforma web PAES sviluppata nell’ambito del progetto ES-PA (Energia e Sostenibilità per la Pubblica Amministrazione). Lo sviluppo dei servizi web, in grado di rispondere ai fabbisogni informativi degli esperti del settore dell’efficienza energetica, costituisce uno dei focus della mission dell’ENEA (Agenzia Nazionale per le Nuove Tecnologie, l’Energia e lo Sviluppo Economico Sostenibile). A tal fine non si può prescindere dalla digitalizzazione dei processi di gestione dei dati energetici, ovvero dalla loro trasformazione da sistemi cartacei statici ad ipertesti ed applicazioni integrate con algoritmi, modelli e simulazioni. In questo contesto, l’ENEA ha realizzato un portale a supporto delle amministrazioni locali per la gestione digitale dei PAES (Piani d’Azione per l’Energia Sostenibile) che contribuisse, anche attraverso la realizzazione di una banca dati e la progettazione di sistemi di simulazione, alla disseminazione e replicabilità delle buone pratiche realizzate con successo in contesti diversi. This report describes the design and implementation of the PAES web platform developed in the ESPA (Energy and Sustainability for Public Administration) project. The development of web services is one of the focuses of the mission of ENEA (National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development). At this aim, the digitization of energy data management processes, that is, their transformation from static paper systems to hypertexts and applications integrated with algorithms, models and simulations, cannot be ignored. In this context, ENEA created a web portal to support local governments in the digital management of SEAPs (Sustainable Energy Action Plans) that would contribute, through the creation of a database and the design of simulation systems, to the dissemination and replicability of good practices successfully implemented in different contexts.

L’avvio di una politica di decarbonizzazione dell’industria ipoteca un cambiamento dell’organizzazione economica mondiale suscettibile di consolidare la tendenza al superamento dell'attuale struttura geopolitica del globo. Cambiamenti di portata così epocale richiamano le conseguenze geopolitiche della transizione dal carbone al petrolio, registrata nel corso del secolo XX. The recently launched policy to decarbonize industry and transport is bringing about a change in the world’s economic organization. This policy strives to overcome the current geopolitical structure of the world. Such epochal changes are reminiscent the geopolitical consequences of the transition from coal to oil, which took place during the 20th century.