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  • Energy Research
  • 7. Clean energy
  • 12. Responsible consumption
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: V. M. Shaber; I. V. Ivanova;

    The article is devoted to the solution of a complex of problems that arise in small and medium-scale treatment complexes, gas production plants and small and medium-capacity power plants associated with the processing of crude methane and the possibility of reducing the greenhouse effect.The economic feasibility of the development of fuel cells (FC) on raw biomethane was demonstrated by the authors in previous publications.The specificity of the solution of problems is focused on small and medium-scale treatment complexes, gas production plants and small and medium power plants.The aim of the study is to show the possibility of solving a multicomponent task of developing fuel cells, including the experimental determination of the actual use of sodium formate as a reducing agent for the production of electricity in a fuel cell (FC).Results are the following: the possibility of solving the issues of reducing greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere during processing of waste products of human vital activity is proved. A method for converting methane and carbon dioxide emissions into useful products is shown. Статья посвящена решению комплекса проблем, которые возникают на малых и средних очистных комплексах, заводах по производству газа и электростанциях малой и средней мощности, связанных с переработкой сырого метана и возможности уменьшения парникового эффекта.Экономическая целесообразность разработки топливных ячеек (ТЯ) на сыром биометане была показана авторами в прежних публикациях.Специфика решения задач ориентированна на малые и средние очистные комплексы, заводы по производству газа и электростанции малой и средней мощности.Цель исследования показать возможность решения многокомпонентной задачи развития топливных ячеек, включая экспериментальное определение реального использования формиата натрия в качестве восстановителя для производства электроэнергии в топливном элементе (ТЭ).Результаты доказана возможность решения вопросов снижения выбросов парниковых газов в атмосферу при переработке отходов продуктов жизнедеятельности человека. Показан способ преобразования выбросов метана и двуокиси углерода в полезные продукты. №5 (227) (2017)

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Записки Горного инст...arrow_drop_down
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Записки Горного инст...arrow_drop_down
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  • The article describes the results of an empirical study of consumer readiness to change some established behavioral practices in the field of energy conservation. The transition to new models of energy consumption is an important part of the formation and development of a circular economy, and therefore the incentives and barriers for such a transition require a more detailed study. The study showed that, in contrast to waste management practices, energy conservation practices are well known to respondents and are often used in everyday life. The main incentives for using traditional energy conservation practices are financial. At the same time, for a well-off stratum of the population, some of the energy-saving practices do not seem appropriate. This suggests that energy saving promotion programs should shift the focus from financial issues to the environmental component - the value and importance of energy conservation, even in the absence of financial incentives for such practices. In addition, there is a lack of awareness among respondents about other options for energy saving, in addition to traditional practices. В статье описываются результаты эмпирического исследования готовности потребителей к смене некоторых устоявшихся поведенческих практик в сфере энергосбережения. Переход к новым моделям потребления энергии является важной частью становления и развития циркулярной экономики, а потому стимулы и барьеры для такого перехода требуют более детального изучения. Проведенное исследование показало, что в отличие от практик обращения с отходами, практики энергосбережения достаточно хорошо известны респондентам и часто используются в быту. Основными стимулами для использования традиционных практик энергосбережения являются финансовые. В тоже время, для обеспеченной страты населения часть энергосберегающих практик не представляется целесообразными. Это говорит о том, что программах популяризации энергосбережения акцент должен быть смещен с финансовых вопросов на экологическую составляющую – самоценность и важность энергосбережения даже в отсутствии финансовых стимулов к таким практикам. Кроме того, ощущается недостаточная информированность респондентов о других возможностях энергосбережения, помимо традиционных практик. Экономический вестник ИПУ РАН, Выпуск 1 (1) 2020

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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Vladimir A. Lebedev; Ekaterina A. Yushkova;

    The relevance of the research is caused by the need to improve the energy efficiency of heating systems, since all types of fuel are becoming more expensive. In this regard, there is a need to create a method of thermodynamic improvement of heat engineering systems. The main aim of the research is the creation of a method for improving heating systems, the application of this method on the example of a boiler unit PP-2650-255 GM. Objects: a direct-flow boiler PP-2650-255 GM, for which a thermodynamic analysis of the processes occurring in individual elements of the boiler – an air heater, economizer, firebox, and superheater – is performed. The article analyzes all heat fluxes on each element of the boiler. Methods. An exergy method of thermodynamic analysis is used as a research tool. It allows taking into account the energy potential of thermal processes. To date, the most effective method of parametric optimization of heat and power processes is the method of integration of heat flows (pinch method). However, the pinch method is based on a change in flow enthalpy, which does not take into account the qualitative characteristics of energy. In the article, the development of the pinch method continues; flow exergy is used instead of flow enthalpy. Optimization of heat engineering parameters is carried out using an exergy pinch method. Results. Exergy pinch analysis allows you to identify unused exergy and determine in which part the loss occurs. According to the calculations and the graph, it can be seen that hot flows lost 1503,57 MW of exergy, cold flows took 1295,57 MW of exergy, taking into account cooling of the working fluid by bypass. Thus, 47,9 MW of unused exergy was detected in this boiler unit. The results of the exergy pinch analysis allow us to formulate and justify specific design measures to improve the energy efficiency of the boiler unit. This analysis allows you to effectively use the energy and resources of heating equipment.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Известия Томского по...arrow_drop_down
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  • В статье представлен анализ предпосылок, содержания и последствий общешведского референдума 1980 г., посвященного вопросу использования ядерной энергии. Дискуссия об использовании данного вида энергии, продолжавшаяся несколько десятилетий, получила новый импульс в 1979 г., когда партии риксдага не смогли договориться об использовании ядерного потенциала страны. Референдум 1980 г. показал, что шведское общество на тот момент не было готово отказаться от мощностей АЭС, но одобрило план постепенного отказа от ядерной энергетики и перехода к альтернативным источникам энергии. Данный план, поддержанный социал-демократической партий страны, реализуется до сих пор, хотя и с некоторыми задержками. 4 реактора планируется закрыть в ближайший четыре года, самый последний - в 2045 г. Референдум оказал огромное влияние на жизнь страны: на новый уровень вышло использование и развитие альтернативных источников энергии, появилась основа для перехода к политике устойчивого развития, в стране оформилось "зеленое" политическое движение, играющее важную роль в обществе до сих пор. The article shows the resolution of background, content and impacts of the Swedish nuclear referendun 1980 dedicated to using of nuclear energy. Discussion of using this type of energy, which lasted several decades, received a boost in 1979 when the Riksdag political parties could not make agreement on the use of the country's nuclear arsenal. 1980 referendum showed that the Swedish society at that time was not ready to give up using nuclear energy, but approved a plan of phasing out nuclear power and transition to alternative energy sources. The plan, supported by Swedish Social Democratic Party is under realization so far, but with some delays. 4 reactors are planned to be closed in the next four years, the last one - in 2045. The referendum had a tremendous impact on the life of the country. A level of using and development of alternative energy sources rised, the basis for the transition to a policy of sustainable development was created, "green" political movement took shape and still plays an important role in society.

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  • The possibility of applying an innovative method for enrichment of energy coals using highly mineralized aqueous solutions as a heavy medium is considered. The ecological characteristics of the operation of thermal power plants on the products of processing of energy coals using the proposed new methods of enrichment are determined. The economic characteristics of the introduction of the proposed method into the fuel management system of a steam turbine thermal power plant with a capacity of 120 MW are presented. Conclusions about the possibility of industrial application of the new method in the system of energy facilities are drawn. Рассмотрена возможность применения нового инновационного метода обогащения энергетических углей с использованием высокоминерализованных водных растворов в качестве тяжёлой среды. Определены экологические характеристики работы ТЭС на продуктах переработки энергетических углей с применением предлагаемых новых методов обогащения. Получены экономические характеристики внедрения предлагаемого метода в систему топливного хозяйства паротурбинной ТЭС мощностью 120 МВт. Сделаны выводы о возможности применения нового метода в промышленности и системе энергетических объектов. Промышленная энергетика, Выпуск 2 2023, Pages 32-37

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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Yarymbash D.S.; Kotsur M.I.; Yarymbash S.T.; Divchuk T.Ye.;

    The errors between the design parameters and experiment data of the power transformer in idle mode can reach 15-20% or more, because engineering techniques do not take into account in full all factors. Therefore, the aim of the work is to develop improved circuit models, which are interconnected with spatial electromagnetic field models. These models consider the active part design of the transformer, the hysteresis of the nonlinear magnetic properties of electrical steel, asymmetry and non-sinusoidal phase-to-phase currents and provide high accuracy determination of rated idling parameters of transformer. To research the idle mode of transformer, the circuit models were conjugated with 3D and 2D magnetic field models. Their numerical implementation was carried out by means of finite element method on the example of a three-phase power transformer (10 kVA, 380/220 V). The reduction of the computational time was performed by doubling cancellation of the volume of 3D three-phase transformer domain and the conformal transition to the 2D geometric domain. Determination of the effective magnetic characteristics of electrical steel according to single-phase idling experiment data, allows to take into account the combined effect of hysteresis and eddy currents, design and technological factors on the specific losses and magnetization power. This ensures high accuracy of the description of the interrelation between magnetic flux density and magnetic field strength, reducing of current error and relative errors in the calculation of idling losses up to 1.41% and 1.2% for the 3D model and up to 5.18% and 3.2% for the 2D model.

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  • The article provides a comparative analysis of the development of thermal power engineering. In terms of their level, thermal power plants are morally and physically obsolete. Such low efficiency thermal power industry is the result of a complex of negative factors: the old age of the existing plants, the low quality of the produced steam, low-quality coal, production discipline in operation and maintenance, as well as the refusal to introduce new technologies. The efficiency of converting primary fuel and energy resources into electricity at thermal power plants was 33%, while the EU average is 39% (only other hard coals are taken into account). В статье анализируются изменения в мировом энергетическом секторе в плоть до 2026 года. Планируется революционный путь изменения структуры производства электроэнергии. Однако ЕС-2035 не делит свои объемы по исходным топливно-энергетическим ресурсам и возобновляемым источникам энергии. Вышеизложенное ставит под сомнение возможность балансировки спроса и предложения в будущем. Бурное развитие негарантированной возобновляемой генерации электроэнергии (солнечной и ветровой), зависящей от погодных условий, не поддерживается маневровыми мощностями тепловой энергии, в том числе с использованием биомассы. Экономика и предпринимательство, Выпуск 3 (152) 2023, Pages 663-666

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  • Тема выпускной квалификационной работы: «Научно-исследовательский институт с энергоэффективными стеклянными фасадами». Цель выпускной квалификационной работы: разработать проект геологического научно-исследовательского института, подобрать наиболее оптимальную с энергетической и экономической точки зрения светопрозрачную ограждающую конструкцию. Задачи, решаемые в ходе работы: 1. Разработка разделов проектной документации в соответствии с Постановлением Правительства РФ от 16 февраля 2008 г. â„– 87 «О составе разделов проектной документации и требованиях к их содержанию»; 2. Разработка энергетической модели здания (BEM) с классическим остеклением (двухкамерный стеклопакет); 3. Разработка энергетической модели здания (BEM) с энергоэффективным низкоэмиссионным остеклением (двухкамерный стеклопакет ClimaGuard N); 4. Разработка энергетической модели здания (BEM) с энергоэффективным вакуумным остеклением (вакуумный стеклопакет фирмы LandVac); 5. Анализ энергетических моделей с оценкой эффективности и экономической целесообразности использования выбранных систем Поставленные задачи решались при помощи информационного и энергетического моделирования в ПК Revit. Разработана документация на проектируемый объект, а также энергетическая модель здания (BEM) с разными видами светопрозрачных ограждающих конструкций, подобрано оптимальное с точки зрения энергетической эффективности и экономической целесообразности использования энергоэффективное остекление для здания НИИ - энергоэффективный двухкамерный стеклопакет ClimaGuard N. На основании анализа рынка светопрозрачных конструкций определена роль энергоэффективных решений. Предложенный энергоэффективный стеклопакет может быть использован в современном строительстве и впоследствии стать заменой устаревшим неэнергоэффективным решениям. Theme of final qualification work: «Research Institute with energy-efficient glass facades». The purpose of the final qualification work: to develop a project of a geological research institute, to select the most optimal translucent building envelope from the energy and economic point of view. Tasks solved in the course of work: 1. Development of sections of project documentation in accordance with Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of February 16, 2008 No. 87 «On the composition of sections of project documentation and requirements for their content»; 2. Development of an energy model of a building (BEM) with classic glazing (double-glazed windows); 3. Development of an energy building model (BEM) with energy-efficient low-emission glazing (double-glazed windows of ClimaGuard N); 4. Development of a building energy model (BEM) with energy-efficient vacuum glazing (LandVac vacuum glazing); 5. Analysis of energy models with an assessment of the effectiveness and economic feasibility of using selected systems The tasks were solved using information and energy modeling in Revit PC. The documentation for the projected object, as well as the energy model of the building (BEM) with different types of translucent walling, was developed, the optimal energy-efficient glazing for the building of the research institute, the energy-efficient two-chamber double-glazed window ClimaGuard N., was selected from the point of view of energy efficiency and economic feasibility. Based on the analysis of the market of translucent structures, the role of energy-efficient solutions is determined. The proposed energy-efficient double-glazed window can be used in modern construction and subsequently become a replacement for outdated non-energy-efficient solutions.

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  • Задачи, которые решались в ходе исследования: 1. Проанализировать мировой и отечественный опыт использования «зеленых» стандартов в строительстве в арктических условиях. 2. Определить особые проблемы и возможности, связанные с проектирование и строительством устойчивых зданий в арктических условиях. 3. Создать методологию для проектирования сертификата зеленого строительства для арктических регионов. 4. Провести всесторонний анализ выявленных показателей устойчивости и стратегий проектирования, чтобы определить их необходимость в сертификате зеленого строительства в арктическом контексте, а также оценить целесообразность и потенциальные выгоды. Данная диссертация исследует применение и значение сертификации зеленого строительства в Арктическом регионе с целью продвижения устойчивого развития. Исследование включает всесторонний обзор литературы, анализ международного и отечественного опыта, а также разработку специализированной системы сертификации для арктического региона в соответствии с созданной методологией. Полученные результаты подчеркивают важность принятия и внедрения данной сертификации зеленого строительства в уникальном контексте Арктического региона. Для достижения данных результатов в работе были использованы следующие информационные технологии, в том числе программное обеспечение Windows 10, Revit 2021, OpenStudio, EnergyPlus, OneClick LCA, для хранения данных использовался облачный сервис Yandex Disk. The given work is devoted to evaluate and implement green building standards for the Arctic region into specific certification. 1. To analyze the world and domestic experience in the use of green standards in construction in Arctic conditions; 2. To identify the unique challenges and opportunities associated with sustainable building design and construction in Arctic conditions. 3. To create a methodology for the design of green building certification for the Arctic regions. 4. To conduct a comprehensive analysis of the identified sustainability metrics and design strategies to determine their necessity in green building certificate in the Arctic context as well as to assess the feasibility and potential benefits. This thesis explores the application and significance of green building certification in the Arctic region to promote sustainable development. The study encompasses a comprehensive literature review, an analysis of interactions and domestic experiences, and the design of specialized certification systems for the Arctic according to created methodology. The research evaluates the environmental performance of green building certification through comparative analysis and highlights-built environments. The finding emphasizes the importance of adopting and implementing this certification in the unique context of the Arctic region. To achieve these results, the following information technologies were used Windows 10, Revit 2021, OpenStudio, EnergyPlus, OneClick LCA, and Yandex Disk cloud service was used for data storage.

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    The renewable energy capacities in Ukraine on 01.07.2021 were at 9225 MW. The solar power plants were topping with 7284 МВт or 79% of total, including 6351 MW of network and 933 MW of household capacities. Wind farms followed it with 1593 MW. Bioenergy plants had 230 MW of the total capacities including 119 MW on biomass and 111 MW on biogas. The small-scale hydro plants had 118 MW. Solar and geothermal heating were not widespread. The article describes the activities of the Ukrainian National Academy of Sciences’ (NANU) Institute for Energy, results of state regulations of the renewable energy market, the state of affairs with equipment production for solar and wind plants.

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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: V. M. Shaber; I. V. Ivanova;

    The article is devoted to the solution of a complex of problems that arise in small and medium-scale treatment complexes, gas production plants and small and medium-capacity power plants associated with the processing of crude methane and the possibility of reducing the greenhouse effect.The economic feasibility of the development of fuel cells (FC) on raw biomethane was demonstrated by the authors in previous publications.The specificity of the solution of problems is focused on small and medium-scale treatment complexes, gas production plants and small and medium power plants.The aim of the study is to show the possibility of solving a multicomponent task of developing fuel cells, including the experimental determination of the actual use of sodium formate as a reducing agent for the production of electricity in a fuel cell (FC).Results are the following: the possibility of solving the issues of reducing greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere during processing of waste products of human vital activity is proved. A method for converting methane and carbon dioxide emissions into useful products is shown. Статья посвящена решению комплекса проблем, которые возникают на малых и средних очистных комплексах, заводах по производству газа и электростанциях малой и средней мощности, связанных с переработкой сырого метана и возможности уменьшения парникового эффекта.Экономическая целесообразность разработки топливных ячеек (ТЯ) на сыром биометане была показана авторами в прежних публикациях.Специфика решения задач ориентированна на малые и средние очистные комплексы, заводы по производству газа и электростанции малой и средней мощности.Цель исследования показать возможность решения многокомпонентной задачи развития топливных ячеек, включая экспериментальное определение реального использования формиата натрия в качестве восстановителя для производства электроэнергии в топливном элементе (ТЭ).Результаты доказана возможность решения вопросов снижения выбросов парниковых газов в атмосферу при переработке отходов продуктов жизнедеятельности человека. Показан способ преобразования выбросов метана и двуокиси углерода в полезные продукты. №5 (227) (2017)

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  • The article describes the results of an empirical study of consumer readiness to change some established behavioral practices in the field of energy conservation. The transition to new models of energy consumption is an important part of the formation and development of a circular economy, and therefore the incentives and barriers for such a transition require a more detailed study. The study showed that, in contrast to waste management practices, energy conservation practices are well known to respondents and are often used in everyday life. The main incentives for using traditional energy conservation practices are financial. At the same time, for a well-off stratum of the population, some of the energy-saving practices do not seem appropriate. This suggests that energy saving promotion programs should shift the focus from financial issues to the environmental component - the value and importance of energy conservation, even in the absence of financial incentives for such practices. In addition, there is a lack of awareness among respondents about other options for energy saving, in addition to traditional practices. В статье описываются результаты эмпирического исследования готовности потребителей к смене некоторых устоявшихся поведенческих практик в сфере энергосбережения. Переход к новым моделям потребления энергии является важной частью становления и развития циркулярной экономики, а потому стимулы и барьеры для такого перехода требуют более детального изучения. Проведенное исследование показало, что в отличие от практик обращения с отходами, практики энергосбережения достаточно хорошо известны респондентам и часто используются в быту. Основными стимулами для использования традиционных практик энергосбережения являются финансовые. В тоже время, для обеспеченной страты населения часть энергосберегающих практик не представляется целесообразными. Это говорит о том, что программах популяризации энергосбережения акцент должен быть смещен с финансовых вопросов на экологическую составляющую – самоценность и важность энергосбережения даже в отсутствии финансовых стимулов к таким практикам. Кроме того, ощущается недостаточная информированность респондентов о других возможностях энергосбережения, помимо традиционных практик. Экономический вестник ИПУ РАН, Выпуск 1 (1) 2020

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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Vladimir A. Lebedev; Ekaterina A. Yushkova;

    The relevance of the research is caused by the need to improve the energy efficiency of heating systems, since all types of fuel are becoming more expensive. In this regard, there is a need to create a method of thermodynamic improvement of heat engineering systems. The main aim of the research is the creation of a method for improving heating systems, the application of this method on the example of a boiler unit PP-2650-255 GM. Objects: a direct-flow boiler PP-2650-255 GM, for which a thermodynamic analysis of the processes occurring in individual elements of the boiler – an air heater, economizer, firebox, and superheater – is performed. The article analyzes all heat fluxes on each element of the boiler. Methods. An exergy method of thermodynamic analysis is used as a research tool. It allows taking into account the energy potential of thermal processes. To date, the most effective method of parametric optimization of heat and power processes is the method of integration of heat flows (pinch method). However, the pinch method is based on a change in flow enthalpy, which does not take into account the qualitative characteristics of energy. In the article, the development of the pinch method continues; flow exergy is used instead of flow enthalpy. Optimization of heat engineering parameters is carried out using an exergy pinch method. Results. Exergy pinch analysis allows you to identify unused exergy and determine in which part the loss occurs. According to the calculations and the graph, it can be seen that hot flows lost 1503,57 MW of exergy, cold flows took 1295,57 MW of exergy, taking into account cooling of the working fluid by bypass. Thus, 47,9 MW of unused exergy was detected in this boiler unit. The results of the exergy pinch analysis allow us to formulate and justify specific design measures to improve the energy efficiency of the boiler unit. This analysis allows you to effectively use the energy and resources of heating equipment.

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  • В статье представлен анализ предпосылок, содержания и последствий общешведского референдума 1980 г., посвященного вопросу использования ядерной энергии. Дискуссия об использовании данного вида энергии, продолжавшаяся несколько десятилетий, получила новый импульс в 1979 г., когда партии риксдага не смогли договориться об использовании ядерного потенциала страны. Референдум 1980 г. показал, что шведское общество на тот момент не было готово отказаться от мощностей АЭС, но одобрило план постепенного отказа от ядерной энергетики и перехода к альтернативным источникам энергии. Данный план, поддержанный социал-демократической партий страны, реализуется до сих пор, хотя и с некоторыми задержками. 4 реактора планируется закрыть в ближайший четыре года, самый последний - в 2045 г. Референдум оказал огромное влияние на жизнь страны: на новый уровень вышло использование и развитие альтернативных источников энергии, появилась основа для перехода к политике устойчивого развития, в стране оформилось "зеленое" политическое движение, играющее важную роль в обществе до сих пор. The article shows the resolution of background, content and impacts of the Swedish nuclear referendun 1980 dedicated to using of nuclear energy. Discussion of using this type of energy, which lasted several decades, received a boost in 1979 when the Riksdag political parties could not make agreement on the use of the country's nuclear arsenal. 1980 referendum showed that the Swedish society at that time was not ready to give up using nuclear energy, but approved a plan of phasing out nuclear power and transition to alternative energy sources. The plan, supported by Swedish Social Democratic Party is under realization so far, but with some delays. 4 reactors are planned to be closed in the next four years, the last one - in 2045. The referendum had a tremendous impact on the life of the country. A level of using and development of alternative energy sources rised, the basis for the transition to a policy of sustainable development was created, "green" political movement took shape and still plays an important role in society.

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  • The possibility of applying an innovative method for enrichment of energy coals using highly mineralized aqueous solutions as a heavy medium is considered. The ecological characteristics of the operation of thermal power plants on the products of processing of energy coals using the proposed new methods of enrichment are determined. The economic characteristics of the introduction of the proposed method into the fuel management system of a steam turbine thermal power plant with a capacity of 120 MW are presented. Conclusions about the possibility of industrial application of the new method in the system of energy facilities are drawn. Рассмотрена возможность применения нового инновационного метода обогащения энергетических углей с использованием высокоминерализованных водных растворов в качестве тяжёлой среды. Определены экологические характеристики работы ТЭС на продуктах переработки энергетических углей с применением предлагаемых новых методов обогащения. Получены экономические характеристики внедрения предлагаемого метода в систему топливного хозяйства паротурбинной ТЭС мощностью 120 МВт. Сделаны выводы о возможности применения нового метода в промышленности и системе энергетических объектов. Промышленная энергетика, Выпуск 2 2023, Pages 32-37

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    Authors: Yarymbash D.S.; Kotsur M.I.; Yarymbash S.T.; Divchuk T.Ye.;

    The errors between the design parameters and experiment data of the power transformer in idle mode can reach 15-20% or more, because engineering techniques do not take into account in full all factors. Therefore, the aim of the work is to develop improved circuit models, which are interconnected with spatial electromagnetic field models. These models consider the active part design of the transformer, the hysteresis of the nonlinear magnetic properties of electrical steel, asymmetry and non-sinusoidal phase-to-phase currents and provide high accuracy determination of rated idling parameters of transformer. To research the idle mode of transformer, the circuit models were conjugated with 3D and 2D magnetic field models. Their numerical implementation was carried out by means of finite element method on the example of a three-phase power transformer (10 kVA, 380/220 V). The reduction of the computational time was performed by doubling cancellation of the volume of 3D three-phase transformer domain and the conformal transition to the 2D geometric domain. Determination of the effective magnetic characteristics of electrical steel according to single-phase idling experiment data, allows to take into account the combined effect of hysteresis and eddy currents, design and technological factors on the specific losses and magnetization power. This ensures high accuracy of the description of the interrelation between magnetic flux density and magnetic field strength, reducing of current error and relative errors in the calculation of idling losses up to 1.41% and 1.2% for the 3D model and up to 5.18% and 3.2% for the 2D model.

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  • The article provides a comparative analysis of the development of thermal power engineering. In terms of their level, thermal power plants are morally and physically obsolete. Such low efficiency thermal power industry is the result of a complex of negative factors: the old age of the existing plants, the low quality of the produced steam, low-quality coal, production discipline in operation and maintenance, as well as the refusal to introduce new technologies. The efficiency of converting primary fuel and energy resources into electricity at thermal power plants was 33%, while the EU average is 39% (only other hard coals are taken into account). В статье анализируются изменения в мировом энергетическом секторе в плоть до 2026 года. Планируется революционный путь изменения структуры производства электроэнергии. Однако ЕС-2035 не делит свои объемы по исходным топливно-энергетическим ресурсам и возобновляемым источникам энергии. Вышеизложенное ставит под сомнение возможность балансировки спроса и предложения в будущем. Бурное развитие негарантированной возобновляемой генерации электроэнергии (солнечной и ветровой), зависящей от погодных условий, не поддерживается маневровыми мощностями тепловой энергии, в том числе с использованием биомассы. Экономика и предпринимательство, Выпуск 3 (152) 2023, Pages 663-666

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  • Тема выпускной квалификационной работы: «Научно-исследовательский институт с энергоэффективными стеклянными фасадами». Цель выпускной квалификационной работы: разработать проект геологического научно-исследовательского института, подобрать наиболее оптимальную с энергетической и экономической точки зрения светопрозрачную ограждающую конструкцию. Задачи, решаемые в ходе работы: 1. Разработка разделов проектной документации в соответствии с Постановлением Правительства РФ от 16 февраля 2008 г. â„– 87 «О составе разделов проектной документации и требованиях к их содержанию»; 2. Разработка энергетической модели здания (BEM) с классическим остеклением (двухкамерный стеклопакет); 3. Разработка энергетической модели здания (BEM) с энергоэффективным низкоэмиссионным остеклением (двухкамерный стеклопакет ClimaGuard N); 4. Разработка энергетической модели здания (BEM) с энергоэффективным вакуумным остеклением (вакуумный стеклопакет фирмы LandVac); 5. Анализ энергетических моделей с оценкой эффективности и экономической целесообразности использования выбранных систем Поставленные задачи решались при помощи информационного и энергетического моделирования в ПК Revit. Разработана документация на проектируемый объект, а также энергетическая модель здания (BEM) с разными видами светопрозрачных ограждающих конструкций, подобрано оптимальное с точки зрения энергетической эффективности и экономической целесообразности использования энергоэффективное остекление для здания НИИ - энергоэффективный двухкамерный стеклопакет ClimaGuard N. На основании анализа рынка светопрозрачных конструкций определена роль энергоэффективных решений. Предложенный энергоэффективный стеклопакет может быть использован в современном строительстве и впоследствии стать заменой устаревшим неэнергоэффективным решениям. Theme of final qualification work: «Research Institute with energy-efficient glass facades». The purpose of the final qualification work: to develop a project of a geological research institute, to select the most optimal translucent building envelope from the energy and economic point of view. Tasks solved in the course of work: 1. Development of sections of project documentation in accordance with Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of February 16, 2008 No. 87 «On the composition of sections of project documentation and requirements for their content»; 2. Development of an energy model of a building (BEM) with classic glazing (double-glazed windows); 3. Development of an energy building model (BEM) with energy-efficient low-emission glazing (double-glazed windows of ClimaGuard N); 4. Development of a building energy model (BEM) with energy-efficient vacuum glazing (LandVac vacuum glazing); 5. Analysis of energy models with an assessment of the effectiveness and economic feasibility of using selected systems The tasks were solved using information and energy modeling in Revit PC. The documentation for the projected object, as well as the energy model of the building (BEM) with different types of translucent walling, was developed, the optimal energy-efficient glazing for the building of the research institute, the energy-efficient two-chamber double-glazed window ClimaGuard N., was selected from the point of view of energy efficiency and economic feasibility. Based on the analysis of the market of translucent structures, the role of energy-efficient solutions is determined. The proposed energy-efficient double-glazed window can be used in modern construction and subsequently become a replacement for outdated non-energy-efficient solutions.

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  • Задачи, которые решались в ходе исследования: 1. Проанализировать мировой и отечественный опыт использования «зеленых» стандартов в строительстве в арктических условиях. 2. Определить особые проблемы и возможности, связанные с проектирование и строительством устойчивых зданий в арктических условиях. 3. Создать методологию для проектирования сертификата зеленого строительства для арктических регионов. 4. Провести всесторонний анализ выявленных показателей устойчивости и стратегий проектирования, чтобы определить их необходимость в сертификате зеленого строительства в арктическом контексте, а также оценить целесообразность и потенциальные выгоды. Данная диссертация исследует применение и значение сертификации зеленого строительства в Арктическом регионе с целью продвижения устойчивого развития. Исследование включает всесторонний обзор литературы, анализ международного и отечественного опыта, а также разработку специализированной системы сертификации для арктического региона в соответствии с созданной методологией. Полученные результаты подчеркивают важность принятия и внедрения данной сертификации зеленого строительства в уникальном контексте Арктического региона. Для достижения данных результатов в работе были использованы следующие информационные технологии, в том числе программное обеспечение Windows 10, Revit 2021, OpenStudio, EnergyPlus, OneClick LCA, для хранения данных использовался облачный сервис Yandex Disk. The given work is devoted to evaluate and implement green building standards for the Arctic region into specific certification. 1. To analyze the world and domestic experience in the use of green standards in construction in Arctic conditions; 2. To identify the unique challenges and opportunities associated with sustainable building design and construction in Arctic conditions. 3. To create a methodology for the design of green building certification for the Arctic regions. 4. To conduct a comprehensive analysis of the identified sustainability metrics and design strategies to determine their necessity in green building certificate in the Arctic context as well as to assess the feasibility and potential benefits. This thesis explores the application and significance of green building certification in the Arctic region to promote sustainable development. The study encompasses a comprehensive literature review, an analysis of interactions and domestic experiences, and the design of specialized certification systems for the Arctic according to created methodology. The research evaluates the environmental performance of green building certification through comparative analysis and highlights-built environments. The finding emphasizes the importance of adopting and implementing this certification in the unique context of the Arctic region. To achieve these results, the following information technologies were used Windows 10, Revit 2021, OpenStudio, EnergyPlus, OneClick LCA, and Yandex Disk cloud service was used for data storage.

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    The renewable energy capacities in Ukraine on 01.07.2021 were at 9225 MW. The solar power plants were topping with 7284 МВт or 79% of total, including 6351 MW of network and 933 MW of household capacities. Wind farms followed it with 1593 MW. Bioenergy plants had 230 MW of the total capacities including 119 MW on biomass and 111 MW on biogas. The small-scale hydro plants had 118 MW. Solar and geothermal heating were not widespread. The article describes the activities of the Ukrainian National Academy of Sciences’ (NANU) Institute for Energy, results of state regulations of the renewable energy market, the state of affairs with equipment production for solar and wind plants.

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