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  • Energy Research
  • 11. Sustainability
  • 7. Clean energy
  • Portuguese
  • Universidade Nova de Lisboa

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    Authors: Garcia, Ana Cristina; Beja, André; Delgado , António Pedro; Raggio, Armando Martinho Bardou; +4 Authors

    Introdução: Nas últimas décadas, países e sistemas de saúde têm vindo a dedicar atenção crescente a práticas de planeamento que promovam o desenvolvimento sustentável. Reconhecendo os desafios específicos que se colocam ao planeamento em saúde, este artigo tem por objetivo contribuir para a reflexão sobre o conceito e características processuais e metodológicas do planeamento sustentável em saúde, com base nas principais mensagens recolhidas num painel de discussão do 5º Congresso Nacional de Medicina Tropical. .Material e métodos: Foram utilizadas as apresentações dos oradores convidados para o painel e as intervenções do debate. Complementar-mente, foram utilizadas fontes documentais resultantes de uma revisão narrativa da literatura. Todo o material foi sujeito a análise documental. Resultados e discussão: As abordagens participativas do planeamento em saúde, que integram a participação dos cidadãos e a articulação intersectorial, com particular enfoque na redução das iniquidades em saúde e no alcance da cobertura universal, foram consideradas entre as mais efetivas para o alcance de objetivos de saúde e de bem-estar alinhados com os princípios do desenvolvimento sustentável. Conclusão: A mobilização social e das comunidades no processo de planeamento em saúde parece ser facilitador da seleção e implementação de estratégias de saúde no contexto do desenvolvimento sustentável. Introduction: In recent decades, countries and health systems have been paying increasing attention to planning practice for sustainable development. Recognizing the specific challenges facing health planning, this article aims to contribute to the reflection on the concept and procedural and methodological characteristics of sustainable health planning, based on the main messages gathered in a panel discussion of the 5th National Congress of Tropical Medicine. Material and methods: We used the panel presentations and discussion interventions, in addition with documentary sources resulting from a narrative literature review. All material was subject to documentary analysis. Results and discussion: Participatory approaches to health planning, integrating community participation and intersectoral action, with a particular focus on reducing health inequities and achieving universal coverage, were considered to be among the most effective to achieve health and well-being goals aligned with the principles of sustainable development. Conclusion: Social and community mobilization in the health planning process seems to contribute to the selection and implementation of health strategies in the context of sustainable development. publishersversion published

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    Authors: Silva, Paulo Rôlo da;

    Nos nossos dias, a segurança energética europeia depende muito das dinâmicas regionais das suas fronteiras a norte e a sul, bem como das dimensões de segurança compreendidas pelos seus vizinhos e parceiros. Nesta dissertação é analisada a hipótese de que a segurança energética europeia não é possível de ser alcançada unicamente através da diversificação de fornecedores e rotas de abastecimento, mas que também é necessário atribuir-lhe uma dimensão de segurança regional. Neste contexto, é apresentada a região do mar Mediterrâneo como sendo detentora dos recursos necessários para complementar as linhas de abastecimento energético europeu, analisando a capacidade de desenvolvimento das energias alternativas nesta região capazes de responderem aos elevados consumos energéticos da União Europeia. Nowadays, European energy security largely depends on the regional dynamics of its borders to the North and South, as well as the dimensions of security understood by its neighbours and partners. In this dissertation it’s examined the hypothesis that European energy security cannot be achieved solely through the diversification of suppliers and supply routes, but that it is also necessary to attribute it with a dimension of regional security. In this context, the Mediterranean Sea region is presented as being the holder of the resources needed to complement the European energy supply lines, analyzing the ability of the development of alternative energies in the region able to respond to the high energy consumption of the European Union.

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    Authors: Fabreau, Felisa Edla Falcon;

    Climate change is a crosscutting, long term, global problem and one of the biggest challenges that humankind is facing. As the fifth assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 2013 said, it is clear that climate change is caused by human activity - and more importantly by burning fossil fuels (such as coal, oil, and gas), which emit dangerous greenhouse gases (GHGs). The European Union has sought to be a leader in the international arena in the fight against climate change. For this, the EU has developed a common integrated strategy on energy and climate that aims a low carbon economy as well as a competitive and secure energy. This research is conducting a study of this strategy, specifically the most current energy and climate change Framework for Climate & Energy 2030 policies. First, the aim of the research is to identify whether the political climate model of European integration can become a path to global environmental governance. Second, the historical development of this strategy, its origins and the progressive convergence to its consolidation in the form of an integrated European strategy is discussed. Based on the background analysis of the Single European Act to 2020 Europe Strategy internally, and from the Kyoto Protocol to the Paris Agreement from an external point of view, the dissertation will outline the initiative of EU leadership in this area. For this purpose, it is necessary to make a prospective analysis (SWOT and PESTLE) in which all possible recommendations to be considered for this scenario 2030 will be made according to the Framework for Climate & Energy 2030 policies. From this analysis the main recommendation that emerges is that the EU should support especially small- and medium-sized businesses that are unable to invest great monetary resources in the establishment of an increasing greenhouse-gas-reduced production. As a result, this model could be adopted to other regions as well, for example in South America in MERCOSUR.

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    Authors: Sousa, Catarina Viegas de;

    Partes do presente trabalho foram submetidas para publicação: Subcapítulo 5.1 Graça, S., Sousa, C., Ambrosano, L., Hall, L., Oliveira, A.C., Ribeiro, B., Gouveia, L. (2014); Production of valuable microalgal biomass by treating Urban Wastewater. Submetido Algal Research (Ref. No.: ALGAL-D-14-00148) Subcapítulo 5.7 Batista, A.P., Ambrosano, L., Graça, S., Sousa, C., Marques, P., Ribeiro, B., Botrel, E., Neto, P. e Gouveia, L. (2014); Combining urban wastewater with biohydrogen production - an integrated microalgae-based approach; Bioresource Technology (Ref. No.: BITE-D-14-04819) Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia

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    Authors: Camello, Guilherme;

    Um desenvolvimento energético que permita reduzir, ou até substituir, fontes de energias prejudiciais ao ambiente por fontes de energias renováveis e limpas, é o que se busca para o futuro. Estudar as formas de como alcançar esses objetivos energéticos faz parte do atual desafio da ciência, das decisões políticas e do impulso para um crescimento económico sustentável. No contexto europeu, esse atual impasse também poderá ser uma chave para as grandes mudanças, fazendo da transição energética um desenvolvimento de oportunidades. Em alguns países, a Energia Nuclear poderá ser uma alternativa como potencial contribuição a esse processo. Assunto questionável, discutível e polémico que envolve desde o relacionamento da descarbonização da economia, certificados energéticos e políticas verdes como o “medo” da sociedade nessa aposta. O desafio dos Estados-Membros da União Europeia em atingir as metas climáticas, representa um dos “motores propulsores” para o desenvolvimento dessa oportunidade energética e, portanto, uma das principais razões para este argumento manter-se em pauta. O principal propósito para a Dissertação, apresenta-se como uma reflexão atual da Energia Nuclear, a sua resiliência e as potencialidades futuras no contexto da gestão do território europeu. Será que está poderá servir de suporte a atual fase de transição energética? Porque a União Europeia precisa dessa fonte de energia? E por fim, o que leva os países a construírem mais centrais nucleares? ou então fazer com que eles abandonem essa fonte energética? Estas são algumas questões que serão tratadas nas próximas páginas deste trabalho. Energy development that can reduce or even replace environmentally harmful energy sources with renewable and clean energy sources is what we are looking for in the future. Studying how to achieve these energy goals is part of today's science challenge, policy decisions and the drive for sustainable economic growth. In the European context, this current deadlock could also be a key to major changes, making the energy transition a development of opportunities. In some countries, Nuclear Energy may be an alternative as a potential contribution to this process. Questionable, debatable and controversial subject that involves since the relationship of the decarbonization of the economy, energy certificates and green policies as the "fear" of society in this bet. The challenge of EU Member States to meet climate targets is one of the “driving forces” for developing this energy opportunity and therefore one of the main reasons for this argument to remain on the agenda. The main reason for the Dissertation is presented as a current reflection of Nuclear Energy, its resilience and future potentialities in the context of European territory management. Can this support the current phase of energy transition? Why does the European Union need this source of energy? And finally, what drives countries to build more nuclear power plants? or cause them to abandon this energy source? These are some issues that will be addressed in the next pages of this thesis.

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    Authors: Medeiros, Camila Santos;

    As alterações climáticas são já há algumas décadas consideradas uma ameaça real às cidades, que via de regra não estão preparadas para lidar com a incerteza que caracteriza o referido fenômeno, tampouco com seus impactos. Nas cidades costeiras essa ameaça é ainda maior em função de fenômenos como a elevação do nível médio do mar e as alterações nos padrões de precipitação intensa de curta duração, que aumentam exponencialmente o risco de inundação destes territórios, ameaçando a sua manutenção e desenvolvimento no futuro. Sendo os sistemas de transporte uma das estruturas principais para o funcionamento de uma cidade, a vulnerabilidade destes à momentos de inundação, pode determinar um alto risco para suas funções básicas. O que este trabalho pretende é abordar a vulnerabilidade dos sistemas de transporte às inundações em cidades costeiras; como os impactos das alterações climáticas são ou serão capazes de alterar os padrões de mobilidade em uma cidade; e como é possível responder a estas incertezas através dos processos de adaptação para a resiliência, com exemplos práticos de cidades que tiveram que lidar com estas questões em situações pós-desastre. Climate change has for some decades been considered a real threat to cities, which are mostly not prepared to deal with the uncertainty that characterizes this phenomenon, nor with its impacts. In coastal cities, this threat is even greater because of phenomena such as the rise in mean sea level and changes in the patterns of intense short-term precipitation that exponentially increase the risk of flooding of these territories, threatening their maintenance and development in the future . In the other hand, transport systems are one of the main structures for the operation of a city, so their vulnerability to flooding can determine a high risk for one of the basic urban functions. What this paper intends is to address the vulnerability of flood transportation systems in coastal cities; how the impacts of climate change are or will be able to change the mobility patterns in a city; and how these uncertainties can be addressed through adaptive processes for resilience, with practical examples of cities that have had to deal with these issues in post-disaster situations.

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    Authors: Silveira, Clara; Santos, Vitor; Reis, Leonilde; Mamede, Henrique;

    Silveira, C., Santos, V., Reis, L., & Mamede, H. (2021). Uma nova Abordagem para a Sustentabilidade e Criatividade na Engenharia de Requisitos. In A. Rocha, R. Goncalves, F. G. Penalvo, & J. Martins (Eds.), Proceedings of CISTI 2021 - 16th Iberian Conference on Information Systems and Technologies (pp. 1-6). (Iberian Conference on Information Systems and Technologies, CISTI). IEEE Computer Society Press. https://doi.org/10.23919/CISTI52073.2021.9476532 Current concerns in the field of sustainability are cross-cutting across several sectors. In this sense, the ability of organizations to effectively use information and communication technologies and to focus on sustainability, innovation and creativity are recognized as important factors. In this article, an approach is proposed to incorporate sustainability factors when introducing creativity into the Requirements Engineering process. With a view to building more agile and sustainable Information Systems, a case of applying the approach in identifying requirements is presented, incorporating sustainability concerns. The approach stimulates the discussion on sustainability in its multiple dimensions (human, environmental, social, technical, and economic), focusing on the Sustainable Development Goals and the needs of people. authorsversion published

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    Authors: Araújo, Wellington Vilela de;

    The primary objective of this dissertation is to criticize the gap between the growth of existing instruments in the scope of International Environmental Law and, paradoxically, their ineffectiveness in implementation at the local level. By the way, next year 2022 will be the 50th anniversary of the Stockholm Conference (United Nations Conference on the Human Environment) and 30th anniversary of the Rio 92 Conference (United Nations Conference on Environment and Development), two emblematic moments and backgrounds in the global environmental governance movement. The Earth Charter is part of and emerged from these efforts, especially the Rio 92 Conference. Since then, myriad declarations and international legal instruments on the subject have been prepared. However, significant and growing environmental degradation still exists and persists in every corner of the Earth. This is also about the influence of Alexander von Humboldt in the conception of the Earth Charter. It also seeks to criticize, even if briefly, the European Ecological Pact and its possible effects on economic relations between the European Union and Brazil. Finally, it is noteworthy that the Earth Charter is a document that aims to inspire interdependence in a global community and that Humboldt's influence persists to this day, especially in the environment, which makes him a great pioneer of approaches in the as far as sustainability is concerned. The Earth Charter, like the European Ecological Pact, promotes sustainable development, through the adoption of concrete measures and reformulation of traditional forms of economic production. As for the issue of the fragmentation of existing international norms in the environmental sphere, the Earth Charter is a valuable instrument as it provides a comprehensive and inclusive view of the principles that are already dispersed in various treaties of International Environmental Law. In conclusion, given the challenges of implementation and in order to contribute to the search for effectiveness of environmental protection and sustainable development, at the end of this work, a letter is presented, with the principles of the Earth Charter, which is proposed to forward to candidates to the position of governor of the State and the Federal District in the next elections of 2022 in Brazil, with a recommendation that they be adopted in their government programs. O objetivo primeiro desta dissertação é criticar a lacuna entre o crescimento dos instrumentos existentes no âmbito do Direito Ambiental Internacionais e, paradoxalmente, a sua não efetividade na implementação a nível local. A propósito, no próximo ano de 2022 serão celebrados os 50 anos da Conferência de Estocolmo (Conferência das Nações Unidas sobre o Meio Ambiente Humano) e 30 anos da Conferência Rio 92 (Conferência das Nações Unidas sobre Meio Ambiente e Desenvolvimento), dois momentos emblemáticos e históricos no movimento de governança ambiental global. A Carta da Terra faz parte e emergiu desses esforços, especialmente da Conferência Rio 92. Desde então, foram elaboradas miríades de declarações e de instrumentos jurídicos internacionais sobre o tema. No entanto, ainda existe e persiste uma significativa e crescente degradação ambiental em todos os cantos da Terra. Trata-se aqui também da influência de Alexander von Humboldt na concepção da Carta da Terra. Busca-se ainda criticar, mesmo que de forma breve, o Pacto Ecológico Europeu e seus possíveis reflexos nas relações econômicas entre a União Europeia e o Brasil. Destaca-se, por fim, que a Carta da Terra é um documento que objetiva inspirar interdependência em uma comunidade global e que a influência de Humboldt persiste até os dias de hoje, sobretudo no meio ambiente, o que faz dele grande pioneiro das abordagens no que diz respeito à sustentabilidade. A Carta da Terra, assim como o Pacto Ecológico Europeu, promove o desenvolvimento sustentável, através de adoção de medidas concretas e reformulação das formas tradicionais da produção econômica. Quanto à problemática da fragmentação de normas internacionais existentes na esfera ambiental, a Carta da Terra vem a ser um valioso instrumento já que aporta uma visão abrangente e inclusiva dos princípios que já se encontram dispersos em vários tratados de Direito Ambiental Internacional. Em conclusão, diante dos desafios da implementação e a fim de contribuir na busca de efetividade da proteção ambiental e do desenvolvimento sustentável, ao final deste trabalho, apresenta-se uma carta, com os princípios da Carta da Terra, que se propõe encaminhar aos canditados ao cargo de governador de Estado e do Distrito Federal nas próximas eleições de 2022 no Brasil, com recomendação para que sejam adotados em seus programas de governo.

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    Authors: Künsch, Jeniffer Balarini Lemos;

    The dissertation intends to exemplify mechanisms of technological innovations that are focused on sustainable development and relevant to the contemporary challenges of the maritime transport market. First, we will talk about what is maritime transport as a mode of trade, especially international. We also intend to clarify what is sustainable and what could be a sustainable technological innovation or “blue tech”. Decarbonization is an option that is not only viable, but necessary. The problem arises when pointing out contemporary challenges, such as climate change and COVID 19, and what practical measures are being taken by the countries and proposals to overcome these challenges. Our context will be that of the European Union and the practical measures will be the laws and pacts formed in favor of sustainable development. The decarbonization pact being the big pivot of the moment. We understand, however, that decarbonization must be part of the implementation in the area of innovation: digitization and automatization. Whether on land and / or sea. A dissertação pretende exemplificar mecanismos de inovações tecnológicas que sejam voltados ao desenvolvimento sustentável e relevantes aos desafios contemporâneos do mercado de transporte marítimo. Primeiramente, falaremos sobre o que é transporte marítimo enquanto modal de comércio, sobretudo internacional. Pretendemos, ainda, esclarecer o que é sustentável e o que poderá ser uma inovação tecnológica sustentável ou azul. Sendo a descarbonização uma opção não somente viável, mas necessária. A problemática surge ao apontar desafios contemporâneos, tal qual mudanças climáticas e COVID 19, e quais as medidas práticas que estão sendo tomados pelos países e propostas para superar esses desafios. Nosso contexto será o de União Europeia e as medidas práticas serão as legislações e pactos formados em prol do desenvolvimento sustentável, sendo o pacto de descarbonização o grande pivô do momento. Entendemos, porém que a descarbonização deve existir no contexto da inovação: a digitalização e automatização. Seja em âmbito terrestre e/ou marítimo.

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    Authors: Lopes, António; Vieira, Hugo;

    THERMAL PROFILES IN URBAN CANYONS MEASURED WITH CAPTIVE BALLOONS IN THE LISBON DISTRICT OF TELHEIRAS – Captive balloons filled with standard helium and tinytalks (small low price thermal sensors/data loggers) are an effective way to probe the urban atmosphere for microclimatological purposes. This method can be important to establish the transferability of results to other areas with the same urban morphology and can be also an incentive to incorporateurban climate knowledge in urban planning. The first results in an urban canyon in the north of Lisbon are presented.

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