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  • Energy Research
  • Royal Institute of Technology

  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Gerard, Sebastian; Zhao, Yu; Sullivan, Josephine;

    We present a multi-temporal, multi-modal remote-sensing dataset for predicting how active wildfires will spread at a resolution of 24 hours. The dataset consists of 13.607 images across 607 fire events in the United States from January 2018 to October 2021. For each fire event, the dataset contains a full time series of daily observations, containing detected active fires and variables related to fuel, topography and weather conditions. Documentation WildfireSpreadTS_Documentation.pdf includes further details about the dataset, following Gebru et al.'s "Datasheets for Datasets" framework. This documentation is similar to the supplementary material of the associated NeurIPS paper, excluding only information about experimental setup and results. For full details, please refer to the associated paper. Code: Getting started Get started working with the dataset at https://github.com/SebastianGer/WildfireSpreadTS. The code includes a PyTorch Dataset and Lightning DataModule to allow for easy access. We recommend converting the GeoTIFF files provided here to HDF5 files (bigger files, but much faster). The necessary code is also available in the repository. This work is funded by Digital Futures in the project EO-AI4GlobalChange. The computations were enabled by resources provided by the National Academic Infrastructure for Supercomputing in Sweden (NAISS) at C3SE partially funded by the Swedish Research Council through grant agreement no. 2022-06725.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ ZENODOarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    ZENODO
    Dataset . 2023
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Datacite
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    ZENODO
    Dataset . 2023
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: ZENODO
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    ZENODO
    Dataset . 2023
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: ZENODO
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    ZENODO
    Dataset . 2023
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Datacite
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ ZENODOarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      ZENODO
      Dataset . 2023
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: Datacite
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      ZENODO
      Dataset . 2023
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: ZENODO
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      ZENODO
      Dataset . 2023
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: ZENODO
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      ZENODO
      Dataset . 2023
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: Datacite
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Westén, Annelie;

    I vårt samhälle finns många tekniska tillämpningar där värmeväxlare används.En sorts värmeväxlare som är vanligt förekommande i bland annat luftkonditioneringär korsströmsvärmeväxlare, där luft strömmar tvärs över vätskefylldarör. För att öka arean för värmeövergången är flänsar vanligt förekommande pårören. I detta projekt, som är ett kandidatexamensarbete utfört på Skolan förIndustriell Teknik och Management på KTH, undersöks en sådan värmeväxlare.Målet är att skapa en numerisk modell för ventilation i större byggnaderunder svensk sommartid. Detta innebär att modellen måste inkludera samtidigvärme- och masstransport.I modellen delas värmeväxlaren upp i luft- och vätskeriktningen för att stegvisberäkna värmeövergången. Flänstemperaturen beror av vätsketemperaturensamt temperatur- och entalpi i luften och skiljer sig åt i alla punkter på flänsen.Denna temperaturprofil beräknas genom att dela upp flänsen i rutor ochsedan iterera fram en jämviktslösning av värmeledning mellan rutorna samtkonvektionsflödet från luftströmmen till ytan.För att utvärdera modellen skapas ett testfall med indata för en typisk sommardagsom simuleras strömma genom en värmeväxlare med geometrisk utformningsom skulle kunna förekomma i en större byggnadstillämpning. Resultatetfrån detta testfall ger svalare och avfuktad luft ut från värmeväxlaren.Ytterligare undersökning av modellen utförs genom en omfattande beteendeanalys.I denna analys undersöks de parametrar som användaren tillåts förändrai modellen. Parametrarna förändras en i taget och analysen utförs genom attförändring av ut-data från modellen plottas mot förändringen av den aktuellaparametern. Utifrån de ekvationer som bygger upp modellen avgörs rimligheteni plottarna och således även rimligheten i modellen.Modellen har ett antal begränsningar som tillkommer på grund av de användaformlerna samt utformningen av modellen. Modellen tar endast hänsyn tillstationära förlopp. Begränsningar i geometrin avser främst antalet rör ochdess förhållande till varandra. There are many technical applications of heat exchangers in our community.A common type is the cross-flow heat exchangers in which the air-flow is perpendicularto the pipes with liquid. The area for heat convection is increasedby adding fins on the pipes. In this bachelor thesis, performed in the Schoolof Industrial Engineering and Management at KTH, the mentioned heat exchangeris studied. The goal is to create a numerical model for heat exchangersin ventilation systems that are used in big buildings in the climate of a Swedishsummer. This specific case requires that both heat- and mass transportis included in the model.The heat exchanger is divided in both the direction of the air-flow as well asthe liquid-flow in the model. This is done to make a step-wise calculation ofthe heat transfer. The temperature of the fins is depending on the temperatureand enthalpy of both flows. The temperature differs on the fins and iscalculates by dividing the fins in a net of temperature-points. The equilibriumsolution is iterated from heat conduction within the plate and heat convectionfrom the air-flow.The model is evaluated by simulating a test-case of typical data from a Swedishsummer through a heat exchanger with a geometry that could occur in a largebuilding. The result was a colder, dehumidified air flow out of the exchanger.Further evaluation of the model is made by extensive sensitivity analysis ofthe parameters which is allowed to change by the user. The analysis is madeby plotting the result and comparing with the equations in the model.The model has several restrictions. There are limitations of the number ofpipes and their placements. The model is based on steady-state.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Publikationer från K...arrow_drop_down
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    Publikationer från KTH
    Bachelor thesis . 2017
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Publikationer från K...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Publikationer från KTH
      Bachelor thesis . 2017
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Pasichnyi, Oleksii;

    We performed systematic mapping of EPC data applications by time, geographical spread, data features & auxiliary data used, problem domains addressed and complexity of employed data analysis. This mapping work was intended to answer the following questions: Q1. Which research studies have used EPC data (hereafter “applications”)? Q2. What input data were used by the EPC data applications? Q3. Which problem domains were addressed by the EPC data applications? Q4. How did the EPC data applications change within the study period? Purpose: To understand how the energy performance certificates (EPC) data has been used since introduction of the first national EPC registers. Kartläggning av tillämpningar av EPC data. En mer detaljerad beskrivning är tillgängligt på den engelska katalogsidan: https://snd.gu.se/en/catalogue/study/SND1066

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Swedish National Dat...arrow_drop_down
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    Swedish National Data Service
    Dataset . 2018
    License: CC BY NC ND
    Data sources: Datacite
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Swedish National Data Service
    Dataset . 2018
    License: CC BY NC ND
    Data sources: Datacite
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Swedish National Dat...arrow_drop_down
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      Swedish National Data Service
      Dataset . 2018
      License: CC BY NC ND
      Data sources: Datacite
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Swedish National Data Service
      Dataset . 2018
      License: CC BY NC ND
      Data sources: Datacite
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  • Authors: Weihong Yang; Wlodzimierz Blasiak; Qinglin Zhang; Liran Dor;

    Plasma gasification melting (PGM) is a promising waste-to-energy process, which provides many features superior to those of conventional gasification. In this work, a steady Euler Euler multiphase ...

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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Chaudhary Awais Salman; Jinying Yan; Jinying Yan; Eva Thorin; +4 Authors

    Abstract For biomass/waste fueled power plants, stricter regulations require a further reduction of the negative impacts on the environment caused by the release of pollutants and withdrawal of fresh water externally. Flue gas quench (FGQ) is playing an important role in biomass or waste fueled combined heat and power (CHP) plants, as it can link the flue gas (FG) cleaning, energy recovery and wastewater treatment. Enhancing water evaporation can benefit the concentrating of pollutant in the quench water; however, when FG condenser (FGC) is not in use, it results in a large consumption of fresh water. In order to deeply understand the operation of FGQ, a mathematic model was developed and validated against the measurements. Based on simulation results key parameters affecting FGQ have been identified, such as the flow rate and temperature of recycling water and the moisture content of FG. A guideline about how to reduce the discharge of wastewater to the external and the withdrawal of external water can be proposed. The mathematic model was also implemented into an ASPEN Plus model about a CHP plant to assess the impacts of FGQ on CHP. Results show that when the FGC was running, increasing the flow rate and decreasing the temperature of recycling water can result in a lower total energy efficiency.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Energyarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Energy
    Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Elsevier TDM
    Data sources: Crossref
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Energyarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Energy
      Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
      License: Elsevier TDM
      Data sources: Crossref
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Nygren, Johan;

    Noise emissions from transportation remain one of the greatest environmental issues of modern day. Inhabitants in urban environments are especially exposed, with almost 80 million people in the European Union exposed to noise levels exceeding the recommended limits set by the World Health Organization (WHO). While the health-related effects from exposure of traffic noise are problematic and of utmost importance to reduce, availability to efficient transport is also an essential necessity. These conflicting requirements on transportation calls for a more holistic approach to traffic analysis, and to understand the relation between these effects from the traffic. This work investigates properties of traffic, such as the exposure of noise emissions, the vehicle-specific energy demand and duration, to analyse the sustainability of transport. The traffic simulation software SUMO is used to provide a discrete traffic model with individual vehicles, combined with the European vehicle noise source model IMAGINE used to model discrete sound sources that allow for directivity in the sound field and is speed- as well as acceleration-dependent. The resulting cost related to the exposure of noise is then evaluated at several measurement points in the network using a willingness-to-pay (WTP) model. This allows for an analysis of the relation between noise exposure cost and energy efficiency through the estimation of the vehicle-specific energy demand. A time-varying traffic demand is added to analyse the effects of a varying traffic density and congestion to the relation between the different properties. Additionally, the concept of allocating the noise exposure cost down to individual vehicles by means of contributed acoustic energy is expanded to take the main contributing vehicles and time-segments into consideration, and to allow for a non-linear weighting factor. These allocation strategies also allow for a bias to assign a higher cost to noisier vehicles, as vehicles that contribute more to the overall noise exposure than others may be more easily identified. Lastly, the relation between the traffic properties are analysed by means of correlation. Initial studies indicate that the correlation is dependent on the traffic density and the amount of vehicle interaction. Trafikbuller är en av de största miljöproblemen idag. Invånare i stadsmiljöer är särskilt utsatta, där nära 80 miljoner personer i Europeiska Unionen är utsatta för bullernivåer som överskrider Världshälsoorganisationens (WHO) angivna gränsvärden. Medan de hälso-relaterade effekterna från exponering av buller är på en ohållbar nivå och bör reduceras, så är även tillgänglighet till effektiv transport en nödvändighet. Dessa motstridiga krav på transportnätverket kräver en mer holistisk syn på trafikanalys, för att förstå relationen mellan dessa effekter från trafiken. Detta arbete undersöker de effekter som uppstår från trafiken, såsom bullerexponering, det fordons-specifika energibehovet och tiden i trafiken, för att analysera hållbarhetsaspekter för transporter. I detta arbete används trafiksimuleringsprogrammet SUMO för att erhålla en diskret trafikmodell med individuella fordon, i kombination med den europeiska fordonsbullermodellen IMAGINE som används för att modellera diskreta bullerkällor som tar hänsyn till direktivitet i ljudfältet samt fart- och accelerationsberoende. Den resulterande kostnaden för bullerexponeringen beräknas därefter för ett stort antal mätpunkter i nätverket genom en modell för betalningsvilja (WTP). Detta tillåter en analys av förhållandet mellan kostnad från bullerexponering och energieffektivitet baserat på det fordonsspecifika energibehovet. Ett tidsvarierande trafikflöde läggs på för att analysera effekterna från en varierande trafiktäthet och trängsel på förhållandet mellan de olika egenskaperna. Dessutom expanderas konceptet att allokera den buller-relaterade kostnaden ner till enskilda fordon baserat på deras enskilda bullerbidrag. Detta för att potentiellt kunna allokera en större del av den totala kostnaden till fordon som bidrar särskilt mycket till den totala bullernivån eller till särskilda tidsegment med höga bullernivåer, samt att tillåta en ickelinjär viktfunktion. Dessa allokeringsstrategier ger också möjligheten att allokera en högre kostnad till bullriga fordon, då fordon som bidrar mer till den totala bullernivån kan lättare identifieras. Slutligen analyseras förhållandet mellan trafikegenskaperna utifrån korrelation. Inledande studier visar att korrelationen beror på trafiktätheten och mängden fordonsinteraktion i trafiken.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Publikationer från K...arrow_drop_down
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    Publikationer från KTH
    Master thesis . 2021
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      Master thesis . 2021
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  • Authors: Yueqiang Wang; Xi Sun; Weihong Zhu; Yongshu Xie; +3 Authors

    Cosensitizers were designed for simultaneous filling up of both absorption valleys of porphyrins, achieving a high cosensitized DSSC efficiency of 10.75%.

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    Authors: Amin Masoumzadeh; Ehsan Nekouei; Tansu Alpcan;

    This paper investigates the impacts of installing regulated wind and electricity storage on average price and price volatility in electricity markets. A stochastic bi-level optimization model is developed, which computes the optimal allocation of new wind and battery capacities, by minimizing a weighted sum of the average market price and price volatility. A fixed budget is allocated on wind and battery capacities in the upper-level problem. The operation of strategic/regulated generation, storage, and transmission players is simulated in the lower-level problem using a stochastic (Bayesian) Cournot-based game model. Australia's national electricity market, which is experiencing occasional price peaks, is considered as the case study. Our simulation results quantitatively illustrate that the regulated wind is more efficient than storage in reducing the average price, while the regulated storage more effectively reduces the price volatility. According to our numerical results, the storage-only solution reduces the average price at most by 9.4%, and the wind-only solution reduces the square root of price volatility at most by 39.3%. However, an optimal mixture of wind and storage can reduce the mean price by 17.6% and the square root of price volatility by 48.1%. It also increases the consumer surplus by 1.52%. Moreover, the optimal mixture of wind and storage is a profitable solution unlike the storage-only solution.

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    IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy
    Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
    License: IEEE Copyright
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      IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy
      Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Vestberg, Ola; Kajnäs, Carl;

    Teknikföretaget Compower avser att marknadsföra en Mikrogasturbin (MGT) med nya patent inom området. Denna MGT använder en extern förbränning till skillnad från den konventionell intern förbränning som MGT som finns på marknaden idag använder sig av. Mikrogasturbinen är avsedd för framförallt småskalig värme-och kraftproduktion där högtempererade förbränningsgaser värmeväxlas med luft för att generera elektricitet via en turbin samt generera användbar värme via tillhörande värmeväxlare. Denna MGT producerar idag emellertid för låg elektrisk effekt för att vara kommersiellt gångbar. En möjlig lösning på detta problem har angetts som att injicera ånga i turbincykeln. Syftet med denna studie var att hitta ett sätt att omfördela energi i systemet för att generera och förse cykeln med vattenånga. Därtill att framföra ett konstruktionsförslag för att göra denna lösning möjlig för att förbättra prestandan av maskinen och i ett första stadie för att testa den nya lösningen i ett laboratorium. Ett målvärde var här en elektrisk effekt på 2-3 kW vid en utomhustemperatur av 15 för att kunna gå vidare med idén. Metoden som användes för att finna en lösning var att genom en termodynamisk modell först teoretiskt beräkna olika möjliga lösningar (scenarion) för att generera den ånga som tänks höja turbineffekten. Dessa scenarion innebär att olika komponentkonstellationer testats. De teoretiska värden som därigenom erhölls användes sedan som grund för att anpassa och implementera tekniska komponenter till det ordinarie systemet. Detta i syfte att försöka förverkliga det scenario som teoretiskt bäst förbättrade systemets prestanda. Resultatet av denna studie var delvis att ta fram den teoretiska modellen samt de testresultat som simuleringen av denna gav. Detta resultat tyder på att målvärdet 2-3 kW elektrisk effekt är realiserbart. Det fördjupande resultatet var sedan hur problemet löstes med att generera ångan i systemet. Det nya konstruktionsförslaget innehåller en Helical Coil - värmeväxlare i kombination med en Spiral Coil - värmeväxlare. Technology company Compower intends to market a Micro gas turbine (MGT) with new patents in the field, called ET10. This MGT is using external combustion instead of the conventional internal combustion MGTs that are on the market today. The MGT is a small scale heat and power unit that uses combustion gases to generate electricity using a turbine shaft and produce heating power using heat exchangers. However, ET10 does not produce electrical power sufficient to be commercially viable. One possible solution to this was given as to inject steam into the turbine cycle. The purpose of this study was to find a way to redistribute energy in the system to generate and provide the intended cycle with water vapor and thereto to convey a design suggestion for making this solution possible in order to improve the performance of the machine. The desired electrical power is 2-3 kW at an outdoor temperature of 15 ℃ to go through with the idea. The method to find a solution was to use a thermodynamic model to first theoretically calculate various possible solutions (scenarios) to generate the steam that is supposed to increase the turbine power. These scenarios involve different component configurations. The theoretical values thereby obtained were then used as a basis to implement technical components to the original system. This in order to realize the scenario that best enhances system performance. The results of this study were partly to develop the theoretical model and test results that the simulation gave. This result suggests that the target value of 2-3 kW electrical power is achievable. The extended result was how the problem was solved for generating steam in the system. The proposal of the new design includes a Helical Coil – heat exchanger in combination with a Spiral Coil – heat exchanger.

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    Publikationer från KTH
    Bachelor thesis . 2014
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      Publikationer från KTH
      Bachelor thesis . 2014
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    Authors: Peter K. Snyder; Brian Walker; Brian Walker; Hans Joachim Schellnhuber; +37 Authors

    New approach proposed for defining preconditions for human development Crossing certain biophysical thresholds could have disastrous consequences for humanity Three of nine interlinked planetary boundaries have already been overstepped

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    Nature
    Article . 2009 . Peer-reviewed
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    Nature
    Article . 2009
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Gerard, Sebastian; Zhao, Yu; Sullivan, Josephine;

    We present a multi-temporal, multi-modal remote-sensing dataset for predicting how active wildfires will spread at a resolution of 24 hours. The dataset consists of 13.607 images across 607 fire events in the United States from January 2018 to October 2021. For each fire event, the dataset contains a full time series of daily observations, containing detected active fires and variables related to fuel, topography and weather conditions. Documentation WildfireSpreadTS_Documentation.pdf includes further details about the dataset, following Gebru et al.'s "Datasheets for Datasets" framework. This documentation is similar to the supplementary material of the associated NeurIPS paper, excluding only information about experimental setup and results. For full details, please refer to the associated paper. Code: Getting started Get started working with the dataset at https://github.com/SebastianGer/WildfireSpreadTS. The code includes a PyTorch Dataset and Lightning DataModule to allow for easy access. We recommend converting the GeoTIFF files provided here to HDF5 files (bigger files, but much faster). The necessary code is also available in the repository. This work is funded by Digital Futures in the project EO-AI4GlobalChange. The computations were enabled by resources provided by the National Academic Infrastructure for Supercomputing in Sweden (NAISS) at C3SE partially funded by the Swedish Research Council through grant agreement no. 2022-06725.

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    Dataset . 2023
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    ZENODO
    Dataset . 2023
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: ZENODO
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    ZENODO
    Dataset . 2023
    License: CC BY
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    ZENODO
    Dataset . 2023
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Datacite
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      Dataset . 2023
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      Dataset . 2023
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      ZENODO
      Dataset . 2023
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      Data sources: Datacite
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    Authors: Westén, Annelie;

    I vårt samhälle finns många tekniska tillämpningar där värmeväxlare används.En sorts värmeväxlare som är vanligt förekommande i bland annat luftkonditioneringär korsströmsvärmeväxlare, där luft strömmar tvärs över vätskefylldarör. För att öka arean för värmeövergången är flänsar vanligt förekommande pårören. I detta projekt, som är ett kandidatexamensarbete utfört på Skolan förIndustriell Teknik och Management på KTH, undersöks en sådan värmeväxlare.Målet är att skapa en numerisk modell för ventilation i större byggnaderunder svensk sommartid. Detta innebär att modellen måste inkludera samtidigvärme- och masstransport.I modellen delas värmeväxlaren upp i luft- och vätskeriktningen för att stegvisberäkna värmeövergången. Flänstemperaturen beror av vätsketemperaturensamt temperatur- och entalpi i luften och skiljer sig åt i alla punkter på flänsen.Denna temperaturprofil beräknas genom att dela upp flänsen i rutor ochsedan iterera fram en jämviktslösning av värmeledning mellan rutorna samtkonvektionsflödet från luftströmmen till ytan.För att utvärdera modellen skapas ett testfall med indata för en typisk sommardagsom simuleras strömma genom en värmeväxlare med geometrisk utformningsom skulle kunna förekomma i en större byggnadstillämpning. Resultatetfrån detta testfall ger svalare och avfuktad luft ut från värmeväxlaren.Ytterligare undersökning av modellen utförs genom en omfattande beteendeanalys.I denna analys undersöks de parametrar som användaren tillåts förändrai modellen. Parametrarna förändras en i taget och analysen utförs genom attförändring av ut-data från modellen plottas mot förändringen av den aktuellaparametern. Utifrån de ekvationer som bygger upp modellen avgörs rimligheteni plottarna och således även rimligheten i modellen.Modellen har ett antal begränsningar som tillkommer på grund av de användaformlerna samt utformningen av modellen. Modellen tar endast hänsyn tillstationära förlopp. Begränsningar i geometrin avser främst antalet rör ochdess förhållande till varandra. There are many technical applications of heat exchangers in our community.A common type is the cross-flow heat exchangers in which the air-flow is perpendicularto the pipes with liquid. The area for heat convection is increasedby adding fins on the pipes. In this bachelor thesis, performed in the Schoolof Industrial Engineering and Management at KTH, the mentioned heat exchangeris studied. The goal is to create a numerical model for heat exchangersin ventilation systems that are used in big buildings in the climate of a Swedishsummer. This specific case requires that both heat- and mass transportis included in the model.The heat exchanger is divided in both the direction of the air-flow as well asthe liquid-flow in the model. This is done to make a step-wise calculation ofthe heat transfer. The temperature of the fins is depending on the temperatureand enthalpy of both flows. The temperature differs on the fins and iscalculates by dividing the fins in a net of temperature-points. The equilibriumsolution is iterated from heat conduction within the plate and heat convectionfrom the air-flow.The model is evaluated by simulating a test-case of typical data from a Swedishsummer through a heat exchanger with a geometry that could occur in a largebuilding. The result was a colder, dehumidified air flow out of the exchanger.Further evaluation of the model is made by extensive sensitivity analysis ofthe parameters which is allowed to change by the user. The analysis is madeby plotting the result and comparing with the equations in the model.The model has several restrictions. There are limitations of the number ofpipes and their placements. The model is based on steady-state.

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    Bachelor thesis . 2017
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    Authors: Pasichnyi, Oleksii;

    We performed systematic mapping of EPC data applications by time, geographical spread, data features & auxiliary data used, problem domains addressed and complexity of employed data analysis. This mapping work was intended to answer the following questions: Q1. Which research studies have used EPC data (hereafter “applications”)? Q2. What input data were used by the EPC data applications? Q3. Which problem domains were addressed by the EPC data applications? Q4. How did the EPC data applications change within the study period? Purpose: To understand how the energy performance certificates (EPC) data has been used since introduction of the first national EPC registers. Kartläggning av tillämpningar av EPC data. En mer detaljerad beskrivning är tillgängligt på den engelska katalogsidan: https://snd.gu.se/en/catalogue/study/SND1066

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    Swedish National Data Service
    Dataset . 2018
    License: CC BY NC ND
    Data sources: Datacite
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    Swedish National Data Service
    Dataset . 2018
    License: CC BY NC ND
    Data sources: Datacite
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      Swedish National Data Service
      Dataset . 2018
      License: CC BY NC ND
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  • Authors: Weihong Yang; Wlodzimierz Blasiak; Qinglin Zhang; Liran Dor;

    Plasma gasification melting (PGM) is a promising waste-to-energy process, which provides many features superior to those of conventional gasification. In this work, a steady Euler Euler multiphase ...

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    Authors: Chaudhary Awais Salman; Jinying Yan; Jinying Yan; Eva Thorin; +4 Authors

    Abstract For biomass/waste fueled power plants, stricter regulations require a further reduction of the negative impacts on the environment caused by the release of pollutants and withdrawal of fresh water externally. Flue gas quench (FGQ) is playing an important role in biomass or waste fueled combined heat and power (CHP) plants, as it can link the flue gas (FG) cleaning, energy recovery and wastewater treatment. Enhancing water evaporation can benefit the concentrating of pollutant in the quench water; however, when FG condenser (FGC) is not in use, it results in a large consumption of fresh water. In order to deeply understand the operation of FGQ, a mathematic model was developed and validated against the measurements. Based on simulation results key parameters affecting FGQ have been identified, such as the flow rate and temperature of recycling water and the moisture content of FG. A guideline about how to reduce the discharge of wastewater to the external and the withdrawal of external water can be proposed. The mathematic model was also implemented into an ASPEN Plus model about a CHP plant to assess the impacts of FGQ on CHP. Results show that when the FGC was running, increasing the flow rate and decreasing the temperature of recycling water can result in a lower total energy efficiency.

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    Energy
    Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Elsevier TDM
    Data sources: Crossref
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      Energy
      Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
      License: Elsevier TDM
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    Authors: Nygren, Johan;

    Noise emissions from transportation remain one of the greatest environmental issues of modern day. Inhabitants in urban environments are especially exposed, with almost 80 million people in the European Union exposed to noise levels exceeding the recommended limits set by the World Health Organization (WHO). While the health-related effects from exposure of traffic noise are problematic and of utmost importance to reduce, availability to efficient transport is also an essential necessity. These conflicting requirements on transportation calls for a more holistic approach to traffic analysis, and to understand the relation between these effects from the traffic. This work investigates properties of traffic, such as the exposure of noise emissions, the vehicle-specific energy demand and duration, to analyse the sustainability of transport. The traffic simulation software SUMO is used to provide a discrete traffic model with individual vehicles, combined with the European vehicle noise source model IMAGINE used to model discrete sound sources that allow for directivity in the sound field and is speed- as well as acceleration-dependent. The resulting cost related to the exposure of noise is then evaluated at several measurement points in the network using a willingness-to-pay (WTP) model. This allows for an analysis of the relation between noise exposure cost and energy efficiency through the estimation of the vehicle-specific energy demand. A time-varying traffic demand is added to analyse the effects of a varying traffic density and congestion to the relation between the different properties. Additionally, the concept of allocating the noise exposure cost down to individual vehicles by means of contributed acoustic energy is expanded to take the main contributing vehicles and time-segments into consideration, and to allow for a non-linear weighting factor. These allocation strategies also allow for a bias to assign a higher cost to noisier vehicles, as vehicles that contribute more to the overall noise exposure than others may be more easily identified. Lastly, the relation between the traffic properties are analysed by means of correlation. Initial studies indicate that the correlation is dependent on the traffic density and the amount of vehicle interaction. Trafikbuller är en av de största miljöproblemen idag. Invånare i stadsmiljöer är särskilt utsatta, där nära 80 miljoner personer i Europeiska Unionen är utsatta för bullernivåer som överskrider Världshälsoorganisationens (WHO) angivna gränsvärden. Medan de hälso-relaterade effekterna från exponering av buller är på en ohållbar nivå och bör reduceras, så är även tillgänglighet till effektiv transport en nödvändighet. Dessa motstridiga krav på transportnätverket kräver en mer holistisk syn på trafikanalys, för att förstå relationen mellan dessa effekter från trafiken. Detta arbete undersöker de effekter som uppstår från trafiken, såsom bullerexponering, det fordons-specifika energibehovet och tiden i trafiken, för att analysera hållbarhetsaspekter för transporter. I detta arbete används trafiksimuleringsprogrammet SUMO för att erhålla en diskret trafikmodell med individuella fordon, i kombination med den europeiska fordonsbullermodellen IMAGINE som används för att modellera diskreta bullerkällor som tar hänsyn till direktivitet i ljudfältet samt fart- och accelerationsberoende. Den resulterande kostnaden för bullerexponeringen beräknas därefter för ett stort antal mätpunkter i nätverket genom en modell för betalningsvilja (WTP). Detta tillåter en analys av förhållandet mellan kostnad från bullerexponering och energieffektivitet baserat på det fordonsspecifika energibehovet. Ett tidsvarierande trafikflöde läggs på för att analysera effekterna från en varierande trafiktäthet och trängsel på förhållandet mellan de olika egenskaperna. Dessutom expanderas konceptet att allokera den buller-relaterade kostnaden ner till enskilda fordon baserat på deras enskilda bullerbidrag. Detta för att potentiellt kunna allokera en större del av den totala kostnaden till fordon som bidrar särskilt mycket till den totala bullernivån eller till särskilda tidsegment med höga bullernivåer, samt att tillåta en ickelinjär viktfunktion. Dessa allokeringsstrategier ger också möjligheten att allokera en högre kostnad till bullriga fordon, då fordon som bidrar mer till den totala bullernivån kan lättare identifieras. Slutligen analyseras förhållandet mellan trafikegenskaperna utifrån korrelation. Inledande studier visar att korrelationen beror på trafiktätheten och mängden fordonsinteraktion i trafiken.

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    Publikationer från KTH
    Master thesis . 2021
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  • Authors: Yueqiang Wang; Xi Sun; Weihong Zhu; Yongshu Xie; +3 Authors

    Cosensitizers were designed for simultaneous filling up of both absorption valleys of porphyrins, achieving a high cosensitized DSSC efficiency of 10.75%.

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    Authors: Amin Masoumzadeh; Ehsan Nekouei; Tansu Alpcan;

    This paper investigates the impacts of installing regulated wind and electricity storage on average price and price volatility in electricity markets. A stochastic bi-level optimization model is developed, which computes the optimal allocation of new wind and battery capacities, by minimizing a weighted sum of the average market price and price volatility. A fixed budget is allocated on wind and battery capacities in the upper-level problem. The operation of strategic/regulated generation, storage, and transmission players is simulated in the lower-level problem using a stochastic (Bayesian) Cournot-based game model. Australia's national electricity market, which is experiencing occasional price peaks, is considered as the case study. Our simulation results quantitatively illustrate that the regulated wind is more efficient than storage in reducing the average price, while the regulated storage more effectively reduces the price volatility. According to our numerical results, the storage-only solution reduces the average price at most by 9.4%, and the wind-only solution reduces the square root of price volatility at most by 39.3%. However, an optimal mixture of wind and storage can reduce the mean price by 17.6% and the square root of price volatility by 48.1%. It also increases the consumer surplus by 1.52%. Moreover, the optimal mixture of wind and storage is a profitable solution unlike the storage-only solution.

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    IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy
    Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
    License: IEEE Copyright
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      IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy
      Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
      License: IEEE Copyright
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    Authors: Vestberg, Ola; Kajnäs, Carl;

    Teknikföretaget Compower avser att marknadsföra en Mikrogasturbin (MGT) med nya patent inom området. Denna MGT använder en extern förbränning till skillnad från den konventionell intern förbränning som MGT som finns på marknaden idag använder sig av. Mikrogasturbinen är avsedd för framförallt småskalig värme-och kraftproduktion där högtempererade förbränningsgaser värmeväxlas med luft för att generera elektricitet via en turbin samt generera användbar värme via tillhörande värmeväxlare. Denna MGT producerar idag emellertid för låg elektrisk effekt för att vara kommersiellt gångbar. En möjlig lösning på detta problem har angetts som att injicera ånga i turbincykeln. Syftet med denna studie var att hitta ett sätt att omfördela energi i systemet för att generera och förse cykeln med vattenånga. Därtill att framföra ett konstruktionsförslag för att göra denna lösning möjlig för att förbättra prestandan av maskinen och i ett första stadie för att testa den nya lösningen i ett laboratorium. Ett målvärde var här en elektrisk effekt på 2-3 kW vid en utomhustemperatur av 15 för att kunna gå vidare med idén. Metoden som användes för att finna en lösning var att genom en termodynamisk modell först teoretiskt beräkna olika möjliga lösningar (scenarion) för att generera den ånga som tänks höja turbineffekten. Dessa scenarion innebär att olika komponentkonstellationer testats. De teoretiska värden som därigenom erhölls användes sedan som grund för att anpassa och implementera tekniska komponenter till det ordinarie systemet. Detta i syfte att försöka förverkliga det scenario som teoretiskt bäst förbättrade systemets prestanda. Resultatet av denna studie var delvis att ta fram den teoretiska modellen samt de testresultat som simuleringen av denna gav. Detta resultat tyder på att målvärdet 2-3 kW elektrisk effekt är realiserbart. Det fördjupande resultatet var sedan hur problemet löstes med att generera ångan i systemet. Det nya konstruktionsförslaget innehåller en Helical Coil - värmeväxlare i kombination med en Spiral Coil - värmeväxlare. Technology company Compower intends to market a Micro gas turbine (MGT) with new patents in the field, called ET10. This MGT is using external combustion instead of the conventional internal combustion MGTs that are on the market today. The MGT is a small scale heat and power unit that uses combustion gases to generate electricity using a turbine shaft and produce heating power using heat exchangers. However, ET10 does not produce electrical power sufficient to be commercially viable. One possible solution to this was given as to inject steam into the turbine cycle. The purpose of this study was to find a way to redistribute energy in the system to generate and provide the intended cycle with water vapor and thereto to convey a design suggestion for making this solution possible in order to improve the performance of the machine. The desired electrical power is 2-3 kW at an outdoor temperature of 15 ℃ to go through with the idea. The method to find a solution was to use a thermodynamic model to first theoretically calculate various possible solutions (scenarios) to generate the steam that is supposed to increase the turbine power. These scenarios involve different component configurations. The theoretical values thereby obtained were then used as a basis to implement technical components to the original system. This in order to realize the scenario that best enhances system performance. The results of this study were partly to develop the theoretical model and test results that the simulation gave. This result suggests that the target value of 2-3 kW electrical power is achievable. The extended result was how the problem was solved for generating steam in the system. The proposal of the new design includes a Helical Coil – heat exchanger in combination with a Spiral Coil – heat exchanger.

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    Bachelor thesis . 2014
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    Authors: Peter K. Snyder; Brian Walker; Brian Walker; Hans Joachim Schellnhuber; +37 Authors

    New approach proposed for defining preconditions for human development Crossing certain biophysical thresholds could have disastrous consequences for humanity Three of nine interlinked planetary boundaries have already been overstepped

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