• Energy Research
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Dataset Province of South Holland: data collection took place in December 2020 – April 2021; the data was collected using the Dutch pre-paid panel Panelinzicht. Datasets Municipality Gorinchem Phase 1 & Phase 2: We conducted a questionnaire study among the inhabitants of the municipality of Gorinchem living within a 500m-2000m distance from where the wind park would potentially be sited. Data gathering took place in two phases, which corresponded to two key moments in the Municipality’s initiated public participation activities regarding the possibility of placing the wind turbines. The first phase of data gathering took place in February-March 2022, at the very beginning of the participatory process. The second phase of data gathering took place in September, 2022, after the Municipality has finalised the public participation procedure.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- This version has been superseded. The latest version is at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5517550 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Eddy covariance flux tower datasets of all Urban-PLUMBER sites, associated with the manuscript: "Harmonized, gap-filled dataset from 20 urban flux tower sites" Use of any data must give credit through citation of the above manuscript and other sources as appropriate. We recommend data users consult with site contributing authors and/or the coordination team in the project planning stage. Relevant contacts are included in timeseries metadata. For site information and timeseries plots see https://urban-plumber.github.io/sites. For processing code see https://github.com/matlipson/urban-plumber_pipeline. Within each site folder: - `index.html`: A summary page with site characteristics and timeseries plots. - `SITENAME_sitedata_vX.csv`: comma seperated file for numerical site characteristics e.g. location, surface cover fraction etc. - `timeseries/` (following files available as netCDF and txt) - `SITENAME_raw_observations_vX`: site observed timeseries before project-wide quality control. - `SITENAME_clean_observations_vX`: site observed timeseries after project-wide quality control. - `SITENAME_metforcing_vX`: site observed timeseries after project-wide quality control and gap filling. - `SITENAME_era5_corrected_vX`: site ERA5 surface data (1990-2020) with bias corrections as applied in the final dataset. - `log_processing_SITENAME_vX.txt`: a log of the print statements through running the create_dataset_SITENAME scripts. Authors Mathew Lipson, Sue Grimmond, Martin Best, Andreas Christen, Andrew Coutts, Ben Crawford, Bert Heusinkveld, Erik Velasco, Helen Claire Ward, Hirofumi Sugawara, Je-Woo Hong, Jinkyu Hong, Jonathan Evans, Joseph McFadden, Keunmin Lee, Krzysztof Fortuniak, Leena Järvi, Matthias Roth, Nektarios Chrysoulakis, Nigel Tapper, Oliver Michels, Simone Kotthaus, Stevan Earl, Sungsoo Jo, Valéry Masson, Winston Chow, Wlodzimierz Pawlak, Yeon-Hee Kim. Corresponding author: Mathew Lipson <m.lipson@unsw.edu.au>

Hot flue gas evaporation technology is an effective strategy for zero liquid discharge of desulfurization wastewater. However, there is a potential risk that heavy metals such as Hg may be released from the wastewater during evaporation, disrupting the original balance of the power plant or even exceeding the Hg emission standard. Wastewater evaporation and Hg release behavior were obtained using a single droplet drying system. At an evaporation temperature of 300 °C, approximately 18.5% of Hg was released in the constant wet-bulb temperature period, and the remaining was released in the following evaporation periods. Furthermore, a fixed-bed experiment, in combination with density functional theory calculations, was used to investigate the possible migration mechanisms of released Hg. The results revealed that high HCl concentration, introduced fly ash, and precipitated evaporation products play a crucial role in the fate of Hg, and 85.3% of Hg finally turned into less harmful particulate-bound Hg. This study provides a new and effective strategy for evaluating the migration process of pollutants in wastewater treatment. Moreover, it will serve as an essential reference for advanced wastewater treatment and heavy metals control technologies in the future.

The emission of condensable particulate matter (CPM) and its environmental impacts are arousing concern in China with the effective control of filter particulate matter (FPM). This study established an up-to-date and unit-based CPM emission inventory for industrial sectors and systematically evaluated the effects of CPM on primary and secondary PM2.5 in China. In 2020, the national CPM emissions total for industrial sectors was estimated to be 0.98 Tg with uncertainty from -49% to 66%, including 0.62 Tg of organic CPM (CPMorg) and 0.36 Tg of inorganic CPM (CPMin). Totals of 62%, 23% and 8% CPM were emitted from coal-fired power plants, coal-fired industrial boilers and sinter plants, respectively. By filling CPM emissions in PM2.5 simulation, the normalized mean bias (NMB) of model to observation was improved from -27% to -14% in East, North and Central China. The 4 μg/m3 PM2.5 concentration was attributed to CPM emissions in this region, accounting for 10% of observations. On "polluted" days (PM2.5>75 μg/m3), industrial CPM emissions can contribute 7 μg/m3 PM2.5 in North China. Therefore, China should focus on controlling CPM from coal combustion to ensure continuous air quality improvement.

Latent heat thermal energy storage applications are increasing in modern days for various purposes, such as solar thermal applications, air conditioning, textile industries, pharmaceutical industries, etc. In the present work melting of Laurie acid (PCM) in a square enclosure with rectangular as well as T-shaped fin in the vertical and horizontal direction is studied numerically. It is observed that among T-shaped fins and rectangular fins, a vertical T-shaped fin has the least melting time. A vertical T-shaped fin reduces the melting time by up to 70.3% in comparison with a no-fin case in the bottom wall. But up to 80% melting process, a horizontal rectangular fin placed at a lower height gives the highest melting rate. Vertical fins always perform better than horizontal fins, for having a symmetrical convection current on both sides of the fin. Further horizontal T-shaped fin placed in the middle of the vertical wall performs better than the horizontal rectangular fin placed in the same position. But, the rectangular fin placed below the centre of the vertical wall performs melting much faster than the horizontal T-shaped fin, because of intensified convection current. Rectangular fin placed below the centre of the vertical wall reduces the melting time by 57.2% in comparison with no fin casein the side wall.

Abstract Increasing population and urbanisation threaten sustainable urban development due to increased resource consumption and emissions. As buildings are one of the largest energy consumers, it is crucial that their thermal load can be inspected on a large scale and at the highest resolution possible. The proposed method is performed in two stages. First, the LiDAR data and buildings’ metadata are preprocessed to generate high-resolution 3D building models that are represented by a triangle mesh. Thermal load of buildings throughout the year is then calculated per-triangle in a parallelised manner, while considering local micro-climate and shadowing from surroundings. Parallel design of the estimation enables significant speed-up of large-scale workloads, while maintaining accurate shadowing estimation. In experiments, the method was applied over a part of the city of Maribor, where heating and cooling loads were inspected in addition to other factors of thermal load estimation. Yearly thermal load calculation with an hourly time-step for 4,817 buildings with over 9.17 million triangles took about 8 min on a modern GPU. When comparing the run-times using a GPU and a modern CPU, the GPU was more than 60-times faster than a CPU for a million triangles. The speed-up grew with the number of triangles.

The emergence of globalization and human capital has played a crucial role in the economic integration of countries, leading to the growth of the economies and a reduction in carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. This study highlights the importance of investing in human capital development to control ecological degradation and promote sustainable economic growth. This paper employs the PSTR method to investigate the threshold impact of GDP, globalization, information communication technology, and energy consumption on CO2 emissions. The study examines two regimes, with a single threshold to analyze the transition of human capital on these variables. The results reveal that human capital developments play a central role in controlling ecological degradation due to reduced CO2 emissions. Based on the empirical findings, this research study offers corresponding policy suggestions.

The baseline survey for AICCRA Zambia was conducted from August to October 2022. The aim of the baseline survey was to (i) identify gendered perceptions of long-term climate change and weather extremes (droughts, floods, etc.) for smallholder farmers/fishermen/fisherwomen; (ii) identify gendered adaptation options (including CSA practices) that farmers use for long-term climate change and weather extremes; (iii) identify sources of CIS and CSA for smallholder farmers/fishermen/fisherwomen; and (iv) identify gendered entry points for CIS and CSA services to support climate change adaptation across specific value chains in Zambia.

When countries transition to renewable energy, why do some countries benefit in terms of social equity outcomes more than others? This study examines the effects of technology, policy toolkits and path dependence on countries’ changing social equity outcomes, against alternative explanations including development, quality of governance, and demographic factors. Using a new country level measure of the social equity impacts of renewable energy deployment levels for 99 countries from 1990 to 2015, this Large-N study tests which country-level policy interventions and political conditions improve the social impacts of RE deployment regimes. Drawing on statistical models of panel data, we find that renewable energy adoption largely promotes greater social equity, although alternative renewable energy policies produce better social equity than feed-in tariffs. Further, social equity trajectories are constrained by countries' baseline human development indicators, highlighting that lower income countries facing greater income inequality will struggle to achieve gains in social equity equal to those of higher income countries when deploying RE. Data is currently under embargo but will be freely released for replication and public use upon publication.