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description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Master thesis , Bachelor thesis 2022 CroatiaPublisher:Sveučilište u Zagrebu. Fakultet kemijskog inženjerstva i tehnologije. Funded by:HRZZ | Development of functional...HRZZ| Development of functional biofuels and (bio)additives and characterization of blends with mineral fuelsAuthors: Krvavica, Matija;Biodiesel fuel is a fatty acid alkyl ester, commonly synthesized via transesterification of triglycerides (vegetable oils and animal fats) with an alcohol, in a presence of a catalyst. Production of biodiesel fuel from waste vegetable oil eliminates additional costs of growing oilseed plants as a raw material, reduces the amount of waste in the food sector, preserves fertile land area and water, eliminates direct competition with food which could otherwise potentially lead to price increase and shortages of edible vegetable oils. The structure of the biodiesel molecule depends on the feedstock from which it's synthesized. The triglyceride’s fatty acids have mainly straight hydrocarbon chains, so the alcohol molecule determines if the ester will be straight-chained or branched. The molecule structure is determinant for some diesel fuel properties. For example, longer straight-chained molecules will have higher cetane number values, while branched ones will have lower pour point values and, therefore, engines will be able to perform at lower temperatures. Cetane number is the prime indicator of the fuel quality used in the internal combustion compression engines. Some biodiesel fuels show high cetane number values. It has been proven that longer hydrocarbon chains in the ester molecules are proportionately related to the cetane number value, therefore, synthesis with higher alcohols are being tested, such as 1-Hexanol. In this research, the influence of reaction parameters on the transesterification process of waste vegetable oil with 1-Hexanol was examined. The influence of the alcohol/oil molar ratio, the influence of the mass fraction of the alkaline catalyst KOH, the influence of the reaction time and temperature were monitored. The conversion was calculated from 1H NMR spectra by integrating the surface areas of specific signals. The experimental part of the research established that 60 °C is the best temperature out of given three in the reaction. 12:1 alcohol to oil molar ratio had a higher conversion because greater excess of an alcohol shifted this reversible chemical reaction more towards the products. The catalyst mass fraction of w(KOH) = 3 % gave higher reaction yields than the 1 % one. High conversions of the reaction were obtained after only 2 minutes, but by the 15th minute the conversion increased by approximately 1.59 % and reached its near maximum. It was experimentally shown that the parameters that have the greatest effect on conversion are the mass fraction of the catalyst and the alcohol to oil molar ratio. Biodizel je ester masnih kiselina koji se najčešće sintetizira reakcijom transesterifikacije triglicerida (biljna ulja i životinjske masti) s alkoholom u prisustvu katalizatora. Proizvodnjom od otpadnog ulja, eliminiraju se dodatni troškovi uzgoja biljaka uljarica, štede se plodne površine i voda, izbjegava se kompeticija s hranom što može dovesti do rasta cijena i nedostatka hrane (jestiva biljna ulja) te se smanjuje nastanak otpada u prehrambenom sektoru. Struktura molekule biodizela ovisi o sirovinama od kojih se sintetizira. Masne kiseline triglicerida uglavnom su ravnolančane, stoga molekula alkohola određuje hoće li ester biti razgranat ili ravnolančan. Oblik molekule je odlučujuć za neka svojstva dizelskog goriva. Primjerice, duže ravnolančane molekule povećat će vrijednost cetanskog broja, dok će razgranati esteri sniziti tecište što će omogućiti rad pri nižim temperaturama. Cetanski broj je primarni indikator kvalitete goriva korištenog u kompresijskim motorima s unutarnjim izgaranjem. Neki biodizeli pokazuju visoke vrijednost cetanskog broja, no dokazano je kako su dulji ugljikovodični lanci u molekulama estera proporcionalno povezani s vrijednosti cetanskog broja. U tu svrhu istražuju se sinteze s višim alkoholima poput 1-heksanola. U ovom radu ispitivani su utjecaji reakcijskih parametara na iskorištenje reakcije transesterifikacije otpadnog ulja s heksanolom. Pratio se utjecaj molarnog omjera alkohol/ulje, utjecaj masenog udjela lužnatog katalizatora KOH, utjecaj reakcijskog vremena i temperature. Iskorištenje se određivalo iz 1H NMR spektra integriranjem površine pojedinih signala. Eksperimentalnim dijelom rada utvrđeno je da se najveće iskorištenje dobiva pri temperaturi od 60 °C. Veće iskorištenje reakcija je imala s molarnim omjerom alkohol/ulje 12:1. Veći suvišak alkohola ovu je ravnotežnu reakciju pomaknuo više prema produktima. Maseni udio katalizatora od w(KOH) = 3 % dao je veća iskorištenja reakcije u odnosu na w(KOH) = 1 %. Visoka iskorištenja reakcije dobila su se već nakon 2 minute, no do 15. minute iskorištenje se u prosjeku još povisilo za 1,59 % i doseglo svoj maksimum. Eksperimentalno je pokazano da na iskorištenje najviše utječu parametri maseni udio katalizatora te molarni omjer alkohol/ulje.
Croatian Scientific ... arrow_drop_down Croatian Scientific Bibliography - CROSBIMaster thesis . 2022Data sources: Croatian Scientific Bibliography - CROSBIadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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more_vert Croatian Scientific ... arrow_drop_down Croatian Scientific Bibliography - CROSBIMaster thesis . 2022Data sources: Croatian Scientific Bibliography - CROSBIadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Master thesis , Bachelor thesis , Thesis 2016 CroatiaPublisher:Sveučilište u Zagrebu. Fakultet strojarstva i brodogradnje. Authors: Kodba, Bruno;U radu je opisan princip rada kogeneracijskih postrojenja te neke dostupne tehnologije koje koriste krutu biomasu kao gorivo. Naglasak je stavljen na vodeno-parno postrojenje te na postrojenje koje koristi organsku radnu tvar, tzv. ORC postrojenje. Također, izrađeni su pojednostavljeni matematički modeli dinamike procesa za termouljni i vodeno-parni kotao s izgaranjem biomase na rešetki kako bi bilo moguće simulirati utjecaj vlažnosti biomase na parametre na izlazu iz kotla. Proveden je termodinamički proračun izgaranja te dimenzioniranje veličina u sustavu. Početni podatak bio je potreban toplinski tok koji se mora prenijeti na radni medij koji iznosi 5MW. Nakon toga uslijedila je simulacija utjecaja promjenjive vlažnosti na temperature na izlazu iz izmjenjivača te su tablično prikazani dobiveni podaci. Na kraju su opisani problemi koje prevelika ili premala količina vlage u biomasi može izazvati u postrojenjima te regulacijske mjere koje mogu taj učinak kompenzirati. This work describes the general principles of some commercially available cogeneration technologies that use solid biomass as a fuel. Emphasis is placed upon water-steam and ORC cogeneration plants. Also, simplified mathematical models of sintetic oil and water-steam boilers with combustion of solid biomass on a grid were made in order to simulate the impact of biomass moisture on working fluid exit temperatures. The thermodynamic calculation of boiler was made and plant dimensions were chosen. Initial data was the required heat flow that needs to be transferred between flue gases and working fluid with a value of 5MW. After that the simulation of variable moisture impact on working fluid exit temperatures was made and the results are shown in pictures. At the end, some problems that occur from variable moisture in plants were described and some regulatory measures proposed.
Croatian Scientific ... arrow_drop_down Croatian Scientific Bibliography - CROSBIMaster thesis . 2016Data sources: Croatian Scientific Bibliography - CROSBIadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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more_vert Croatian Scientific ... arrow_drop_down Croatian Scientific Bibliography - CROSBIMaster thesis . 2016Data sources: Croatian Scientific Bibliography - CROSBIadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Bachelor thesis 2018 CroatiaPublisher:Veleučilište VERN. Authors: Radulj, Nives;Turizam je heterogeni sustav koji ima sve važniju ulogu na globalnoj razini. Nakon faze masovnoga i ekspanzivnoga turističkog razvoja nastupila je potreba za uravnoteženim pristupom turističkom razvoju koji uzima u obzir ekonomske, ekološke i društvene ciljeve. Potreba za realizacijom ravnotežnih ciljeva turističkog razvoja osobito je naglašena u zaštićenim prirodnim područjima te je u istraživanju predstavljen razvoj turizma u zaštićenim područjima na primjeru Mljeta. Cilj istraživanja je na temelju analize stanja, potencijala i ograničenja utvrditi preporuke za daljnji razvoj turizma na otoku Mljetu. U istraživanju su analizirani primarni i sekundarni podaci. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da su svi sudionici u turističkom sustavu otoka Mljeta prepoznali važnost i ulogu specifičnih selektivnih oblika turizma u osiguranju ciljeva održivog razvoja te su u tom smjeru razvijene i preporuke za daljnji razvoj turizma na odabranom otoku. ; Tourism is a heterogeneous system that gains an increasingly important role on a global scale. After the massive and expansive tourism development phase, there was a need for a balanced approach to tourism development that takes into account economic, ecological and social goals. The need for the achievement of balanced tourism development goals has been particularly emphasized in protected natural areas and the tourism development in protected areas has been presented in the research on the example of island Mljet. The aim of the research is to determine recommendations for further development of tourism on the island of Mljet based on the analysis of the situation, potential and limitations of tourism development. Primary and secondary data were used during the research. The results of the research show that all participants in the tourist system on island of Mljet have recognized the significance and role of specific selective forms of tourism in securing the goals of sustainable development. The recommendations for further development of tourism on the selected island have ...
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Conference object 2017 CroatiaAuthors: Jovičić, Daria; Kovačić, Đurđica; Kralik, Davor; Spajić, Robert;U Republici Hrvatskoj kukuruz je jedna od najzastupljenijih žitarica čiji uzgoj je, prema podacima iz 2015. godine, zastupljen na 263 970 ha. Prema tom podatku i podacima o ukupnoj proizvodnji kukuruza moguće je izračunati koliki je tehnički potencijal kukuruzovine, odnosno koja se količina kukuruzovine može koristiti za proizvodnju energije. Izračunom je utvrđeno da je (uzevši u obzir srednju vrijednost ukupne proizvodnje triju godina - 2013., 2014. i 2015.) 394 134 t moguće upotrijebiti kao tehnički potencijal. Jedan od mogućih načina iskorištenja kukuruzovine za proizvodnju energije je putem anaerobne fermentacije, odnosno za proizvodnju bioplina. U ovom istraživanju kukuruzovina je korištena kao kosupstrat u kodigestiji sa goveđom gnojovkom. Fermentacija je provedena u termofilnim uvjetima (55 °C) u trajanju od 26 dana. Oba uzorka (G - svježa goveđa gnojovka i KG - svježa goveđa gnojovka + suha samljevena kukuruzovina) pripremljena su u 3 paralele. Ukupni radni volumen u reaktorima bio je 500 cm3. Omjer inokulum/supstrat iznosio je 1/2.4 (na bazi suhe tvari). Tijekom fermentacije svakodnevno su uzorci proizvedenog plina analizirani te je u svima utvrđen udio metana, ugljikovog dioksida i dušika. Prosječni prinos bioplina i metana u grupi G iznosio je 373, 7 cm3/g OT i 242, 5 cm3/g OT, a u grupi KG 459, 1 cm3/g OT, te 285, 6 cm3/g OT. Iz tog rezultata moguće je zaključiti da je kukuruzovina u kodigestiji sa goveđom gnojovkom proizvela 18, 6% više bioplina kao i 15, 1% više metana (na bazi organske tvari).
Croatian Scientific ... arrow_drop_down Croatian Scientific Bibliography - CROSBIConference object . 2017Data sources: Croatian Scientific Bibliography - CROSBIadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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more_vert Croatian Scientific ... arrow_drop_down Croatian Scientific Bibliography - CROSBIConference object . 2017Data sources: Croatian Scientific Bibliography - CROSBIadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Master thesis , Bachelor thesis 2020 CroatiaPublisher:Sveučilište u Zagrebu. Fakultet strojarstva i brodogradnje. Authors: Beljan, Doris;U ovom radu analizirano je kako odziv potrošnje utječe na integraciju varijabilnih obnovljivih izvora energije u energetskom sustavu Bugarske. Analiza je napravljena u računalnom programu EnergyPLAN za scenarije za 2015., 2030. i 2040. godinu te su izrađene satne distribucijske krivulje koje simuliraju proizvodnju i potrošnju u energetskom sustavu kroz cijelu godinu. U procjeni razvoja energetskog sektora Bugarske korišten je Integrirani energetski i klimatski plan Republike Bugarske 2021-2030, koji je napravljen u sklopu NECP plana Europske unije. Za implementaciju odziva potrošnje, napravljena je analiza potrošnje električne energije po sektorima. U rezultatima je dan prikaz smanjenja emisija CO2, ukupne potrošnje energije i kritičnog viška proizvodnje električne energije porastom udjela varijabilnih obnovljivih izvora energije i primjenom odziva potrošnje u energetskom sustavu. This paper analyzes how demand response affects the integration of variable renewable energy sources in the Bulgarian energy system. The analysis was made in computer program EnergyPLAN for scenarios for 2015, 2030 and 2040. Hourly distribution curves were made, which simulate production and consumption in the energy system throughout the year. In evaluation of development for Bulgaria's energy sector, Integrated energy and climate plan of the Republic of Bulgaria 2021-2030 was used, which was made as part of NECP European union plan. To implement demand response, an analysis of electricity consumption by sectors was made. The results show reduction in CO2 emissions, total primary energy supply and critical excess electricity production by increasing the share of variable renewable energy sources and applying demand response in energy system.
Croatian Scientific ... arrow_drop_down Croatian Scientific Bibliography - CROSBIMaster thesis . 2020Data sources: Croatian Scientific Bibliography - CROSBIadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Master thesis 2018 CroatiaPublisher:Sveučilište u Zagrebu. Fakultet elektrotehnike i računarstva. Authors: Matijaščić, Marko;U diplomskom radu je istražena i opisana detekcija pojave fićuka temeljena na skrivenom Markovljevom modelu. Implementirano je cjelovito programsko rješenje za akviziciju i analizu zvukova disanja na ugradbenoj platformi Blue Gecko, te programsko rješenje za analizu zvukova disanja na PULP-Fulmine ugradbenoj platformi. Za ubrzanje vremena izvođenja na Blue Gecko ugradbenoj platformi korištena je ARM CMSIS-DSP biblioteka i optimizacija prevodioca, dok je na PULP-Fulmine ugradbenoj platformi korištena paralelizacija programske podrške pomoću OpenMP programskog sučelja. Model akvizicije i algoritma na korištenom skupu zvukova disanja realiziran je u programskom okruženju MATLAB. Iz MATLAB modela određene su statističke mjere točnosti (93,17%), osjetljivosti (82,85%) i specifičnosti (95,61%). Funkcijsko ispitivanje implementiranog programskog rješenja na Blue Gecko ugradbenoj platformi izvedeno je na odabranim odsječcima zvukova disanja, te je rezultat uspoređen s MATLAB modelom. Provedena je analiza i usporedba vremena izvođenja na implementiranim programskim rješenjima. Izmjerena je i analizirana potrošnja energije za implementirano programsko rješenje na Blue Gecko ugradbenoj platformi (prosječna snaga 2,44 mW, za izvođenje algoritma 13,18 mW), te potrošnja energije za implementirano programsko rješenje na PULP-Fulmine ugradbenoj platformi (prosječna snaga višejezgrene izvedbe 3,58 mW). In this master thesis asmatic wheeze detection based on Hidden Markov model was investigated and decribed. Software for data acquisition and respiratory sounds analysis was developed on Blue Gecko embedded platform. Software for respiratory sounds analysis was developed on PULP-Fulmine embedded platform. On Blue Gecko platform speed-up of software time execution was obtained by ARM CMSIS-DSP library and compiler optimisations, while OpenMP programming interface was used for software parallelisation on PULP-Fulmine platform. Acquisition and algorithm model was developed in MATLAB programming environment. From MATLAB model, statistical measures of accuracy (93,17%), sensitivity (82,85%) and specificity (95,61%) were obtained. Function testing of implementation on Blue Gecko platform was carried out on selected segments of sound signals and compared with MATLAB model. Time execution analysis and comparison were carried out on both software implementations. Energy consumption was measured and analysed for software implementation on Blue Gecko embedded platform (average power 2,44 mW, 13,18 mW on algorithm execution) and software implementation on PULP-Fulmine platform (average power of parallelized version 3,58 mW).
Croatian Scientific ... arrow_drop_down Croatian Scientific Bibliography - CROSBIMaster thesis . 2018Data sources: Croatian Scientific Bibliography - CROSBIadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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more_vert Croatian Scientific ... arrow_drop_down Croatian Scientific Bibliography - CROSBIMaster thesis . 2018Data sources: Croatian Scientific Bibliography - CROSBIadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Master thesis 2022 CroatiaPublisher:Sveučilište u Zagrebu. Fakultet elektrotehnike i računarstva. Authors: Mitrovski, Karlo;Sve veća potreba za električnom energijom posljedično utječe na sve veće emisije stakleničkih plinova u atmosferu. Nedvojbeno je da se događaju klimatske promjene koje će, ako se ne zaustave, bitno unazadit kvalitetu života budućih generacija. Upravo iz navedenih razloga Europska Unija teži ka ostvarivanju energetskih i klimatskih ciljeva kako bi se što prije ostvarila ugljična neutralnost. Jedan od načina koji je prepoznat u borbi protiv klimatskih promjena i postizanju klimatske neutralnosti su upravo fotonaponski sustavi. U teoretskom dijelu ovog rada detaljno je razrađena tehnologija i princip funkcioniranja fotonaponskog sustava kao i uparivanje istog sa spremnicima energije. Sukladno tome opisane su tehnologije i osnovne veličine baterijskih spremnika koji se koriste u kombinaciji s fotonaponskim sustavima. Nadalje opisan je model samoopskrbe kao jedan od najizraženijih modela, te je pokriven pojam energetske zajednice odnosno zajednice obnovljive energije. U praktičnom dijelu obrađeno je dimenzioniranje fotonaponskih sustava za potrebe kućanskih objekta, dimenzioniranje sustava za potrebe energetske zajednice i dimenzioniranje sustava uz pripomoć baterijskog spremnika. Provedena je financijska analiza za svaki od scenarija, te se provela detaljan usporedba isplativosti. The growing needs for electricity is consequently affecting on emission of greenhouse gases into atmosphere. There is no doubt that climate change is happening which, if not stopped, will significantly set back the quality of life of future generations. European Union is striving to achieve energy and climate goals in order to achieve carbon neutrality as soon as possible. One way that has been recognized in the fight against climate change are photovoltaic systems. In the theoretical part of this work, the technology and the principle of functioning of the photovoltaic system as well as its paring with battery banks are elaborated in detail. Accordingly, the technologies and basic physical values of battery banks used in combination with photovoltaic systems are described. Furthermore, the model of self-sufficiency is described as on of the most pronounced models, and model of energy community is covered as well. In practical part, the sizing of photovoltaic systems for the needs of household buildings, sizing of the system for the needs of the energy community and sizing of the system with the help of a battery bank are discussed. A financial analysis was conducted for each of the scenarios and a detailed cost-effectiveness comparison was made.
Croatian Scientific ... arrow_drop_down Croatian Scientific Bibliography - CROSBIMaster thesis . 2022Data sources: Croatian Scientific Bibliography - CROSBIadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Master thesis 2022 CroatiaPublisher:Sveučilište u Zagrebu. Fakultet kemijskog inženjerstva i tehnologije. Funded by:HRZZ | Development of functional...HRZZ| Development of functional biofuels and (bio)additives and characterization of blends with mineral fuelsAuthors: Anelić, Rafael;In this work, the synthesis of 45 polymer additives based on methyl or benzyl methacrylate with octadecyl, dodecyl and 2-(tert-butylamino) ethyl methacrylate was carried out. The aim of the work was to investigate the influence of different proportions of the above monomers on the lowering of the pour point temperature of diesel fuel without additives, mixture of diesel and biodiesel (FAME) B10 and pure biodiesel B100. The polymers were synthesized in a toluene solution containing 50 mass percent of the monomer and with Peroxan PO 70 as initiator at 96 °C. The synthesized polymers were checked for purity (from residual monomers) by infrared spectroscopy with Fourier transformation. Thermal properties were tested by differential scanning calorimetry. Polymer additive mixtures of 2000 ppm mass in diesel, B10 and B100 were prepared to determine the influence of different comonomer contents in the polymer on the lowtemperature properties. Differential scanning calorimetry was used to investigate the influence of polymer additives on the crystallization temperature of the fuel formulations and on the enthalpy of crystallization. To determine the influence of polymer additives on the pour point temperature of fuel formulations, the pour point temperature of the mixtures was measured using the ASTM D5950 automated method. Finally, the effect of additives on the morphology and size of n-paraffin crystals was observed using a microscope with polarization while the mixture was cooled with a cooling stage. It was found that the greatest decrease in the pour point was achieved by the polymers with the highest proportion of dodecyl methacrylate and the lowest proportion of methyl and benzyl methacrylate. These polymers were able to lower the pour point from -18 °C in nonadditivated diesel fuel to -45 °C. These polymer additives showed the best effect in lowering the pour point in the formulation of B10 fuel, where the pour point was lowered from -18 °C to -48 °C. The formulations of the polymer additive in B100 fuel showed a decrease in pour point from -6 °C to -12 °C. The influence of the amine group TBAEMA can be seen in the change in the morphology of the n-paraffin crystals in the form of a decrease in crystal size, which may contribute to the lowering of the cold filter plugging point. In this work, no significant influence on the pour point of diesel fuel by the additive polymer with a comonomer containing an amine group was found. U ovom radu provedena je sinteza 45 polimernih aditiva na osnovi metil ili benzil metakrilata uz oktadecil, dodecil te 2-(tert-butilamino) etil metakrilat. Cilj rada bio je istražiti utjecaj različitih omjera navedenih monomera na sniženje tecišta dizelskog goriva bez drugih aditiva, smjese dizela i 10 vol. % biodizela te čistog biodizela. Polimeri su sintetizirani radikalskom polimerizacijom u otopini toluena uz 50 mas. % monomera uz Peroxan PO 70 kao inicijator. Sintetiziranim polimerima provjerila se čistoća (uspješnost uklanjanja zaostalih monomera) metodom infracrvene spektroskopije s Fourierovom transformacijom. Metodom 1H nuklearne magnetske rezonancije potvrđena je struktura polimernim aditivima. Toplinska svojstva ispitala su se metodom diferencijalne pretražne kalorimetrije. Formulacijama polimernih aditiva udjela 2000 ppm po masi u dizelu, smjesi B10 i B100 ispitana su niskotemperaturna svojstva radi utvrđivanja utjecaja različitih omjera komonomera u polimeru. Metodom diferencijalne pretražne kalorimetrije ispitan je utjecaj polimernih aditiva na temperaturu kristalizacije aditiviranih goriva te na promjenu entalpije kristalizacije. Kako bi se utvrdio utjecaj polimernih aditiva na temperaturu tecišta formulacija goriva, provedeno je mjerenje temperatura tecišta smjesa automatskom metodom po ASTM D5950. Naposlijetku se promatrao utjecaj aditiva na morfologiju i veličinu kristala n-parafina pomoću mikroskopa s polarizacijom dok se smjesa hladila postoljem s hlađenjem. Radom je utvrđeno da se najveće sniženje temperature tecišta postiže polimernim aditivima s najvećim udjelom dodecil metakrilata i najmanjim udjelom metil i benzil metakrilata. Ovi polimeri snizili su temperaturu tecišta s -18 °C neaditiviranog dizelskog goriva na -45 °C. Isti polimerni aditivi pokazali su najveće sniženje tecišta i u formulaciji B10 goriva gdje je tecište sniženo s -18 °C na -48 °C. Pripremljena je i smjesa funkcionalnog polimernog aditiva masenog udjela 2000 ppm u B100 gorivu te je toj formulaciji ispitano tecište. Toj formulaciji tecište se smanjilo s -6 °C (čisto B100 gorivo) na -12 °C. U radu nije utvrđen značajan utjecaj na tecište dizelskog goriva aditiviranim polimerom s komonomerom s aminskim članom. Utjecaj aminske skupine TBAEMA vidljiv je u promjeni morfologije kristala n-parafina u vidu smanjenja veličine kristala što može doprinijeti snižavanju temperature filtrabilnosti.
Croatian Scientific ... arrow_drop_down Croatian Scientific Bibliography - CROSBIMaster thesis . 2022Data sources: Croatian Scientific Bibliography - CROSBIadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Bachelor thesis 2018 CroatiaPublisher:Sveučilište Josipa Jurja Strossmayera u Osijeku. Ekonomski fakultet u Osijeku. Katedra za kvanititavne metode i upravljanje. Authors: Jaman, Lucija;Za početak, struktura rada podijeljena je u dva dijela. U prvom dijelu navodi se cilj predmeta istraživanja, a koji je pobliže definira i navodi osnovne karakteristike održivog razvoja i njegovog provođenja. Tako u drugom poglavlju govori se o povijesnim činjenicama razvoja, njegovom nastanku i upravljanju. Potom se navode neki od aspekata promatranja održivog razvoja promatranog s kulturne, demografske i socijalne strane. I za kraj ovog prvog dijela prikazan je održivi razvoj urbanih sredina i s kojim se problemom oni najčešće susreću. Drugi dio započinje općenitim dijelom o gradu Đakovu u kojem se govori o njegovom položaju i povijesnom nastanku. Sedmo poglavlje prikazuje održivost Grada kroz nekoliko načela održivosti. Uzimajući u obzir ekološku, ekonomsku, sociokulturnu i tehnološku održivost prikazuje se kako Grad po pitanju svake djeluje, na koji način je provodi ili ne. Održivi razvoj najčešće stavljamo u kontekst s okolišem što i je točno, ali uz njega se vežu i druge stvari koje bi, možemo reći, trebale biti zadovoljene da bi se razvoj održao. Svaki grad, država pa i cijela Zemlja bore se s tim problemom i nastoje ga na svoj način riješiti. Odlaganje otpada i zagađenost zraka postaju globalan problem i o njemu se danas sve više govori. ; To begin with, the structure of work is divided into two parts. The first part states the subject matter of the research, which more precisely defines and lists the basic characteristics of sustainable development and its implementation. Thus, in the second chapter, we discuss the historical facts of development, its emergence and management. Some of the aspects of the observation of sustainable development from the cultural, demographic and social aspects are mentioned. And for the end of this first part, sustainable development of the urban environment is presented and with which problem they most often encounter. The second part starts with the general part of the city of Đakovo, which tells about its position and historical origins. The seventh chapter shows the ...
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Bachelor thesis 2018 CroatiaPublisher:Sveučilište Josipa Jurja Strossmayera u Osijeku. Pravni fakultet Osijek. Katedra ustavnih i političkih znanosti. Authors: Čurčinac, Eva;U ovome radu dotaći ćemo se općenito energetskih djelatnosti kao dijela javnog sektora te ćemo na općenit način objasniti pojedine pojmove i djelatnosti u ovome sektoru. Svi se u nekom trenutku života dotaknemo kako sa proizvodnjom energije, tako i sa potrošnjom iste, mada smo češće u ulozi potrošaća. Ovdje možete pronaći popis i opis pravnog okvira koji uređuje energetski sektor, te popis samih djelatnosti koje se unutar sektora izvršavaju. Nadležno ministarstvo za energetski sektor je Ministarstvo zaštite okoliša i energetike, a Ministarstvo gospodarstva za rudarstvo, koje smo stavili u odnos sa samim djelatnostima. Upoznat ćemo se sa pojmom Smart Grids.Vlada Republike Hrvatske igra bitnu ulogu, te možete pronaći koje su obveze i ovlasti vezane uz Vladu i energetski sektor. Kakvu ulogu ima Hrvatska energetska regulatorna agencija možete iznaći u ovom radu. ; In this paper, we will refer to general energy activities as a part of the public sector and we will explain in general terms some concepts and activities in this sector. We all experience at some point in time both energy production and consumption, although we are more often in the role of consumers. Here, you can find a list and description of the legal framework governing the energy sector and the list of activities within the sector. The ministry responsible for the energy sector is the Ministry of Environmental Protection and Energy and the Ministry of Mining, which we have put in relation to the activities. We will get acquainted with the concept of Smart Grids. The Government of the Republic of Croatia plays an important role, and you can find out what are the obligations and powers related to the Government and the energy sector. The role of the Croatian Energy Regulatory Agency can be found in this paper.
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description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Master thesis , Bachelor thesis 2022 CroatiaPublisher:Sveučilište u Zagrebu. Fakultet kemijskog inženjerstva i tehnologije. Funded by:HRZZ | Development of functional...HRZZ| Development of functional biofuels and (bio)additives and characterization of blends with mineral fuelsAuthors: Krvavica, Matija;Biodiesel fuel is a fatty acid alkyl ester, commonly synthesized via transesterification of triglycerides (vegetable oils and animal fats) with an alcohol, in a presence of a catalyst. Production of biodiesel fuel from waste vegetable oil eliminates additional costs of growing oilseed plants as a raw material, reduces the amount of waste in the food sector, preserves fertile land area and water, eliminates direct competition with food which could otherwise potentially lead to price increase and shortages of edible vegetable oils. The structure of the biodiesel molecule depends on the feedstock from which it's synthesized. The triglyceride’s fatty acids have mainly straight hydrocarbon chains, so the alcohol molecule determines if the ester will be straight-chained or branched. The molecule structure is determinant for some diesel fuel properties. For example, longer straight-chained molecules will have higher cetane number values, while branched ones will have lower pour point values and, therefore, engines will be able to perform at lower temperatures. Cetane number is the prime indicator of the fuel quality used in the internal combustion compression engines. Some biodiesel fuels show high cetane number values. It has been proven that longer hydrocarbon chains in the ester molecules are proportionately related to the cetane number value, therefore, synthesis with higher alcohols are being tested, such as 1-Hexanol. In this research, the influence of reaction parameters on the transesterification process of waste vegetable oil with 1-Hexanol was examined. The influence of the alcohol/oil molar ratio, the influence of the mass fraction of the alkaline catalyst KOH, the influence of the reaction time and temperature were monitored. The conversion was calculated from 1H NMR spectra by integrating the surface areas of specific signals. The experimental part of the research established that 60 °C is the best temperature out of given three in the reaction. 12:1 alcohol to oil molar ratio had a higher conversion because greater excess of an alcohol shifted this reversible chemical reaction more towards the products. The catalyst mass fraction of w(KOH) = 3 % gave higher reaction yields than the 1 % one. High conversions of the reaction were obtained after only 2 minutes, but by the 15th minute the conversion increased by approximately 1.59 % and reached its near maximum. It was experimentally shown that the parameters that have the greatest effect on conversion are the mass fraction of the catalyst and the alcohol to oil molar ratio. Biodizel je ester masnih kiselina koji se najčešće sintetizira reakcijom transesterifikacije triglicerida (biljna ulja i životinjske masti) s alkoholom u prisustvu katalizatora. Proizvodnjom od otpadnog ulja, eliminiraju se dodatni troškovi uzgoja biljaka uljarica, štede se plodne površine i voda, izbjegava se kompeticija s hranom što može dovesti do rasta cijena i nedostatka hrane (jestiva biljna ulja) te se smanjuje nastanak otpada u prehrambenom sektoru. Struktura molekule biodizela ovisi o sirovinama od kojih se sintetizira. Masne kiseline triglicerida uglavnom su ravnolančane, stoga molekula alkohola određuje hoće li ester biti razgranat ili ravnolančan. Oblik molekule je odlučujuć za neka svojstva dizelskog goriva. Primjerice, duže ravnolančane molekule povećat će vrijednost cetanskog broja, dok će razgranati esteri sniziti tecište što će omogućiti rad pri nižim temperaturama. Cetanski broj je primarni indikator kvalitete goriva korištenog u kompresijskim motorima s unutarnjim izgaranjem. Neki biodizeli pokazuju visoke vrijednost cetanskog broja, no dokazano je kako su dulji ugljikovodični lanci u molekulama estera proporcionalno povezani s vrijednosti cetanskog broja. U tu svrhu istražuju se sinteze s višim alkoholima poput 1-heksanola. U ovom radu ispitivani su utjecaji reakcijskih parametara na iskorištenje reakcije transesterifikacije otpadnog ulja s heksanolom. Pratio se utjecaj molarnog omjera alkohol/ulje, utjecaj masenog udjela lužnatog katalizatora KOH, utjecaj reakcijskog vremena i temperature. Iskorištenje se određivalo iz 1H NMR spektra integriranjem površine pojedinih signala. Eksperimentalnim dijelom rada utvrđeno je da se najveće iskorištenje dobiva pri temperaturi od 60 °C. Veće iskorištenje reakcija je imala s molarnim omjerom alkohol/ulje 12:1. Veći suvišak alkohola ovu je ravnotežnu reakciju pomaknuo više prema produktima. Maseni udio katalizatora od w(KOH) = 3 % dao je veća iskorištenja reakcije u odnosu na w(KOH) = 1 %. Visoka iskorištenja reakcije dobila su se već nakon 2 minute, no do 15. minute iskorištenje se u prosjeku još povisilo za 1,59 % i doseglo svoj maksimum. Eksperimentalno je pokazano da na iskorištenje najviše utječu parametri maseni udio katalizatora te molarni omjer alkohol/ulje.
Croatian Scientific ... arrow_drop_down Croatian Scientific Bibliography - CROSBIMaster thesis . 2022Data sources: Croatian Scientific Bibliography - CROSBIadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Master thesis , Bachelor thesis , Thesis 2016 CroatiaPublisher:Sveučilište u Zagrebu. Fakultet strojarstva i brodogradnje. Authors: Kodba, Bruno;U radu je opisan princip rada kogeneracijskih postrojenja te neke dostupne tehnologije koje koriste krutu biomasu kao gorivo. Naglasak je stavljen na vodeno-parno postrojenje te na postrojenje koje koristi organsku radnu tvar, tzv. ORC postrojenje. Također, izrađeni su pojednostavljeni matematički modeli dinamike procesa za termouljni i vodeno-parni kotao s izgaranjem biomase na rešetki kako bi bilo moguće simulirati utjecaj vlažnosti biomase na parametre na izlazu iz kotla. Proveden je termodinamički proračun izgaranja te dimenzioniranje veličina u sustavu. Početni podatak bio je potreban toplinski tok koji se mora prenijeti na radni medij koji iznosi 5MW. Nakon toga uslijedila je simulacija utjecaja promjenjive vlažnosti na temperature na izlazu iz izmjenjivača te su tablično prikazani dobiveni podaci. Na kraju su opisani problemi koje prevelika ili premala količina vlage u biomasi može izazvati u postrojenjima te regulacijske mjere koje mogu taj učinak kompenzirati. This work describes the general principles of some commercially available cogeneration technologies that use solid biomass as a fuel. Emphasis is placed upon water-steam and ORC cogeneration plants. Also, simplified mathematical models of sintetic oil and water-steam boilers with combustion of solid biomass on a grid were made in order to simulate the impact of biomass moisture on working fluid exit temperatures. The thermodynamic calculation of boiler was made and plant dimensions were chosen. Initial data was the required heat flow that needs to be transferred between flue gases and working fluid with a value of 5MW. After that the simulation of variable moisture impact on working fluid exit temperatures was made and the results are shown in pictures. At the end, some problems that occur from variable moisture in plants were described and some regulatory measures proposed.
Croatian Scientific ... arrow_drop_down Croatian Scientific Bibliography - CROSBIMaster thesis . 2016Data sources: Croatian Scientific Bibliography - CROSBIadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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more_vert Croatian Scientific ... arrow_drop_down Croatian Scientific Bibliography - CROSBIMaster thesis . 2016Data sources: Croatian Scientific Bibliography - CROSBIadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Bachelor thesis 2018 CroatiaPublisher:Veleučilište VERN. Authors: Radulj, Nives;Turizam je heterogeni sustav koji ima sve važniju ulogu na globalnoj razini. Nakon faze masovnoga i ekspanzivnoga turističkog razvoja nastupila je potreba za uravnoteženim pristupom turističkom razvoju koji uzima u obzir ekonomske, ekološke i društvene ciljeve. Potreba za realizacijom ravnotežnih ciljeva turističkog razvoja osobito je naglašena u zaštićenim prirodnim područjima te je u istraživanju predstavljen razvoj turizma u zaštićenim područjima na primjeru Mljeta. Cilj istraživanja je na temelju analize stanja, potencijala i ograničenja utvrditi preporuke za daljnji razvoj turizma na otoku Mljetu. U istraživanju su analizirani primarni i sekundarni podaci. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da su svi sudionici u turističkom sustavu otoka Mljeta prepoznali važnost i ulogu specifičnih selektivnih oblika turizma u osiguranju ciljeva održivog razvoja te su u tom smjeru razvijene i preporuke za daljnji razvoj turizma na odabranom otoku. ; Tourism is a heterogeneous system that gains an increasingly important role on a global scale. After the massive and expansive tourism development phase, there was a need for a balanced approach to tourism development that takes into account economic, ecological and social goals. The need for the achievement of balanced tourism development goals has been particularly emphasized in protected natural areas and the tourism development in protected areas has been presented in the research on the example of island Mljet. The aim of the research is to determine recommendations for further development of tourism on the island of Mljet based on the analysis of the situation, potential and limitations of tourism development. Primary and secondary data were used during the research. The results of the research show that all participants in the tourist system on island of Mljet have recognized the significance and role of specific selective forms of tourism in securing the goals of sustainable development. The recommendations for further development of tourism on the selected island have ...
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more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Conference object 2017 CroatiaAuthors: Jovičić, Daria; Kovačić, Đurđica; Kralik, Davor; Spajić, Robert;U Republici Hrvatskoj kukuruz je jedna od najzastupljenijih žitarica čiji uzgoj je, prema podacima iz 2015. godine, zastupljen na 263 970 ha. Prema tom podatku i podacima o ukupnoj proizvodnji kukuruza moguće je izračunati koliki je tehnički potencijal kukuruzovine, odnosno koja se količina kukuruzovine može koristiti za proizvodnju energije. Izračunom je utvrđeno da je (uzevši u obzir srednju vrijednost ukupne proizvodnje triju godina - 2013., 2014. i 2015.) 394 134 t moguće upotrijebiti kao tehnički potencijal. Jedan od mogućih načina iskorištenja kukuruzovine za proizvodnju energije je putem anaerobne fermentacije, odnosno za proizvodnju bioplina. U ovom istraživanju kukuruzovina je korištena kao kosupstrat u kodigestiji sa goveđom gnojovkom. Fermentacija je provedena u termofilnim uvjetima (55 °C) u trajanju od 26 dana. Oba uzorka (G - svježa goveđa gnojovka i KG - svježa goveđa gnojovka + suha samljevena kukuruzovina) pripremljena su u 3 paralele. Ukupni radni volumen u reaktorima bio je 500 cm3. Omjer inokulum/supstrat iznosio je 1/2.4 (na bazi suhe tvari). Tijekom fermentacije svakodnevno su uzorci proizvedenog plina analizirani te je u svima utvrđen udio metana, ugljikovog dioksida i dušika. Prosječni prinos bioplina i metana u grupi G iznosio je 373, 7 cm3/g OT i 242, 5 cm3/g OT, a u grupi KG 459, 1 cm3/g OT, te 285, 6 cm3/g OT. Iz tog rezultata moguće je zaključiti da je kukuruzovina u kodigestiji sa goveđom gnojovkom proizvela 18, 6% više bioplina kao i 15, 1% više metana (na bazi organske tvari).
Croatian Scientific ... arrow_drop_down Croatian Scientific Bibliography - CROSBIConference object . 2017Data sources: Croatian Scientific Bibliography - CROSBIadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
more_vert Croatian Scientific ... arrow_drop_down Croatian Scientific Bibliography - CROSBIConference object . 2017Data sources: Croatian Scientific Bibliography - CROSBIadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Master thesis , Bachelor thesis 2020 CroatiaPublisher:Sveučilište u Zagrebu. Fakultet strojarstva i brodogradnje. Authors: Beljan, Doris;U ovom radu analizirano je kako odziv potrošnje utječe na integraciju varijabilnih obnovljivih izvora energije u energetskom sustavu Bugarske. Analiza je napravljena u računalnom programu EnergyPLAN za scenarije za 2015., 2030. i 2040. godinu te su izrađene satne distribucijske krivulje koje simuliraju proizvodnju i potrošnju u energetskom sustavu kroz cijelu godinu. U procjeni razvoja energetskog sektora Bugarske korišten je Integrirani energetski i klimatski plan Republike Bugarske 2021-2030, koji je napravljen u sklopu NECP plana Europske unije. Za implementaciju odziva potrošnje, napravljena je analiza potrošnje električne energije po sektorima. U rezultatima je dan prikaz smanjenja emisija CO2, ukupne potrošnje energije i kritičnog viška proizvodnje električne energije porastom udjela varijabilnih obnovljivih izvora energije i primjenom odziva potrošnje u energetskom sustavu. This paper analyzes how demand response affects the integration of variable renewable energy sources in the Bulgarian energy system. The analysis was made in computer program EnergyPLAN for scenarios for 2015, 2030 and 2040. Hourly distribution curves were made, which simulate production and consumption in the energy system throughout the year. In evaluation of development for Bulgaria's energy sector, Integrated energy and climate plan of the Republic of Bulgaria 2021-2030 was used, which was made as part of NECP European union plan. To implement demand response, an analysis of electricity consumption by sectors was made. The results show reduction in CO2 emissions, total primary energy supply and critical excess electricity production by increasing the share of variable renewable energy sources and applying demand response in energy system.
Croatian Scientific ... arrow_drop_down Croatian Scientific Bibliography - CROSBIMaster thesis . 2020Data sources: Croatian Scientific Bibliography - CROSBIadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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more_vert Croatian Scientific ... arrow_drop_down Croatian Scientific Bibliography - CROSBIMaster thesis . 2020Data sources: Croatian Scientific Bibliography - CROSBIadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Master thesis 2018 CroatiaPublisher:Sveučilište u Zagrebu. Fakultet elektrotehnike i računarstva. Authors: Matijaščić, Marko;U diplomskom radu je istražena i opisana detekcija pojave fićuka temeljena na skrivenom Markovljevom modelu. Implementirano je cjelovito programsko rješenje za akviziciju i analizu zvukova disanja na ugradbenoj platformi Blue Gecko, te programsko rješenje za analizu zvukova disanja na PULP-Fulmine ugradbenoj platformi. Za ubrzanje vremena izvođenja na Blue Gecko ugradbenoj platformi korištena je ARM CMSIS-DSP biblioteka i optimizacija prevodioca, dok je na PULP-Fulmine ugradbenoj platformi korištena paralelizacija programske podrške pomoću OpenMP programskog sučelja. Model akvizicije i algoritma na korištenom skupu zvukova disanja realiziran je u programskom okruženju MATLAB. Iz MATLAB modela određene su statističke mjere točnosti (93,17%), osjetljivosti (82,85%) i specifičnosti (95,61%). Funkcijsko ispitivanje implementiranog programskog rješenja na Blue Gecko ugradbenoj platformi izvedeno je na odabranim odsječcima zvukova disanja, te je rezultat uspoređen s MATLAB modelom. Provedena je analiza i usporedba vremena izvođenja na implementiranim programskim rješenjima. Izmjerena je i analizirana potrošnja energije za implementirano programsko rješenje na Blue Gecko ugradbenoj platformi (prosječna snaga 2,44 mW, za izvođenje algoritma 13,18 mW), te potrošnja energije za implementirano programsko rješenje na PULP-Fulmine ugradbenoj platformi (prosječna snaga višejezgrene izvedbe 3,58 mW). In this master thesis asmatic wheeze detection based on Hidden Markov model was investigated and decribed. Software for data acquisition and respiratory sounds analysis was developed on Blue Gecko embedded platform. Software for respiratory sounds analysis was developed on PULP-Fulmine embedded platform. On Blue Gecko platform speed-up of software time execution was obtained by ARM CMSIS-DSP library and compiler optimisations, while OpenMP programming interface was used for software parallelisation on PULP-Fulmine platform. Acquisition and algorithm model was developed in MATLAB programming environment. From MATLAB model, statistical measures of accuracy (93,17%), sensitivity (82,85%) and specificity (95,61%) were obtained. Function testing of implementation on Blue Gecko platform was carried out on selected segments of sound signals and compared with MATLAB model. Time execution analysis and comparison were carried out on both software implementations. Energy consumption was measured and analysed for software implementation on Blue Gecko embedded platform (average power 2,44 mW, 13,18 mW on algorithm execution) and software implementation on PULP-Fulmine platform (average power of parallelized version 3,58 mW).
Croatian Scientific ... arrow_drop_down Croatian Scientific Bibliography - CROSBIMaster thesis . 2018Data sources: Croatian Scientific Bibliography - CROSBIadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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more_vert Croatian Scientific ... arrow_drop_down Croatian Scientific Bibliography - CROSBIMaster thesis . 2018Data sources: Croatian Scientific Bibliography - CROSBIadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Master thesis 2022 CroatiaPublisher:Sveučilište u Zagrebu. Fakultet elektrotehnike i računarstva. Authors: Mitrovski, Karlo;Sve veća potreba za električnom energijom posljedično utječe na sve veće emisije stakleničkih plinova u atmosferu. Nedvojbeno je da se događaju klimatske promjene koje će, ako se ne zaustave, bitno unazadit kvalitetu života budućih generacija. Upravo iz navedenih razloga Europska Unija teži ka ostvarivanju energetskih i klimatskih ciljeva kako bi se što prije ostvarila ugljična neutralnost. Jedan od načina koji je prepoznat u borbi protiv klimatskih promjena i postizanju klimatske neutralnosti su upravo fotonaponski sustavi. U teoretskom dijelu ovog rada detaljno je razrađena tehnologija i princip funkcioniranja fotonaponskog sustava kao i uparivanje istog sa spremnicima energije. Sukladno tome opisane su tehnologije i osnovne veličine baterijskih spremnika koji se koriste u kombinaciji s fotonaponskim sustavima. Nadalje opisan je model samoopskrbe kao jedan od najizraženijih modela, te je pokriven pojam energetske zajednice odnosno zajednice obnovljive energije. U praktičnom dijelu obrađeno je dimenzioniranje fotonaponskih sustava za potrebe kućanskih objekta, dimenzioniranje sustava za potrebe energetske zajednice i dimenzioniranje sustava uz pripomoć baterijskog spremnika. Provedena je financijska analiza za svaki od scenarija, te se provela detaljan usporedba isplativosti. The growing needs for electricity is consequently affecting on emission of greenhouse gases into atmosphere. There is no doubt that climate change is happening which, if not stopped, will significantly set back the quality of life of future generations. European Union is striving to achieve energy and climate goals in order to achieve carbon neutrality as soon as possible. One way that has been recognized in the fight against climate change are photovoltaic systems. In the theoretical part of this work, the technology and the principle of functioning of the photovoltaic system as well as its paring with battery banks are elaborated in detail. Accordingly, the technologies and basic physical values of battery banks used in combination with photovoltaic systems are described. Furthermore, the model of self-sufficiency is described as on of the most pronounced models, and model of energy community is covered as well. In practical part, the sizing of photovoltaic systems for the needs of household buildings, sizing of the system for the needs of the energy community and sizing of the system with the help of a battery bank are discussed. A financial analysis was conducted for each of the scenarios and a detailed cost-effectiveness comparison was made.
Croatian Scientific ... arrow_drop_down Croatian Scientific Bibliography - CROSBIMaster thesis . 2022Data sources: Croatian Scientific Bibliography - CROSBIadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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more_vert Croatian Scientific ... arrow_drop_down Croatian Scientific Bibliography - CROSBIMaster thesis . 2022Data sources: Croatian Scientific Bibliography - CROSBIadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Master thesis 2022 CroatiaPublisher:Sveučilište u Zagrebu. Fakultet kemijskog inženjerstva i tehnologije. Funded by:HRZZ | Development of functional...HRZZ| Development of functional biofuels and (bio)additives and characterization of blends with mineral fuelsAuthors: Anelić, Rafael;In this work, the synthesis of 45 polymer additives based on methyl or benzyl methacrylate with octadecyl, dodecyl and 2-(tert-butylamino) ethyl methacrylate was carried out. The aim of the work was to investigate the influence of different proportions of the above monomers on the lowering of the pour point temperature of diesel fuel without additives, mixture of diesel and biodiesel (FAME) B10 and pure biodiesel B100. The polymers were synthesized in a toluene solution containing 50 mass percent of the monomer and with Peroxan PO 70 as initiator at 96 °C. The synthesized polymers were checked for purity (from residual monomers) by infrared spectroscopy with Fourier transformation. Thermal properties were tested by differential scanning calorimetry. Polymer additive mixtures of 2000 ppm mass in diesel, B10 and B100 were prepared to determine the influence of different comonomer contents in the polymer on the lowtemperature properties. Differential scanning calorimetry was used to investigate the influence of polymer additives on the crystallization temperature of the fuel formulations and on the enthalpy of crystallization. To determine the influence of polymer additives on the pour point temperature of fuel formulations, the pour point temperature of the mixtures was measured using the ASTM D5950 automated method. Finally, the effect of additives on the morphology and size of n-paraffin crystals was observed using a microscope with polarization while the mixture was cooled with a cooling stage. It was found that the greatest decrease in the pour point was achieved by the polymers with the highest proportion of dodecyl methacrylate and the lowest proportion of methyl and benzyl methacrylate. These polymers were able to lower the pour point from -18 °C in nonadditivated diesel fuel to -45 °C. These polymer additives showed the best effect in lowering the pour point in the formulation of B10 fuel, where the pour point was lowered from -18 °C to -48 °C. The formulations of the polymer additive in B100 fuel showed a decrease in pour point from -6 °C to -12 °C. The influence of the amine group TBAEMA can be seen in the change in the morphology of the n-paraffin crystals in the form of a decrease in crystal size, which may contribute to the lowering of the cold filter plugging point. In this work, no significant influence on the pour point of diesel fuel by the additive polymer with a comonomer containing an amine group was found. U ovom radu provedena je sinteza 45 polimernih aditiva na osnovi metil ili benzil metakrilata uz oktadecil, dodecil te 2-(tert-butilamino) etil metakrilat. Cilj rada bio je istražiti utjecaj različitih omjera navedenih monomera na sniženje tecišta dizelskog goriva bez drugih aditiva, smjese dizela i 10 vol. % biodizela te čistog biodizela. Polimeri su sintetizirani radikalskom polimerizacijom u otopini toluena uz 50 mas. % monomera uz Peroxan PO 70 kao inicijator. Sintetiziranim polimerima provjerila se čistoća (uspješnost uklanjanja zaostalih monomera) metodom infracrvene spektroskopije s Fourierovom transformacijom. Metodom 1H nuklearne magnetske rezonancije potvrđena je struktura polimernim aditivima. Toplinska svojstva ispitala su se metodom diferencijalne pretražne kalorimetrije. Formulacijama polimernih aditiva udjela 2000 ppm po masi u dizelu, smjesi B10 i B100 ispitana su niskotemperaturna svojstva radi utvrđivanja utjecaja različitih omjera komonomera u polimeru. Metodom diferencijalne pretražne kalorimetrije ispitan je utjecaj polimernih aditiva na temperaturu kristalizacije aditiviranih goriva te na promjenu entalpije kristalizacije. Kako bi se utvrdio utjecaj polimernih aditiva na temperaturu tecišta formulacija goriva, provedeno je mjerenje temperatura tecišta smjesa automatskom metodom po ASTM D5950. Naposlijetku se promatrao utjecaj aditiva na morfologiju i veličinu kristala n-parafina pomoću mikroskopa s polarizacijom dok se smjesa hladila postoljem s hlađenjem. Radom je utvrđeno da se najveće sniženje temperature tecišta postiže polimernim aditivima s najvećim udjelom dodecil metakrilata i najmanjim udjelom metil i benzil metakrilata. Ovi polimeri snizili su temperaturu tecišta s -18 °C neaditiviranog dizelskog goriva na -45 °C. Isti polimerni aditivi pokazali su najveće sniženje tecišta i u formulaciji B10 goriva gdje je tecište sniženo s -18 °C na -48 °C. Pripremljena je i smjesa funkcionalnog polimernog aditiva masenog udjela 2000 ppm u B100 gorivu te je toj formulaciji ispitano tecište. Toj formulaciji tecište se smanjilo s -6 °C (čisto B100 gorivo) na -12 °C. U radu nije utvrđen značajan utjecaj na tecište dizelskog goriva aditiviranim polimerom s komonomerom s aminskim članom. Utjecaj aminske skupine TBAEMA vidljiv je u promjeni morfologije kristala n-parafina u vidu smanjenja veličine kristala što može doprinijeti snižavanju temperature filtrabilnosti.
Croatian Scientific ... arrow_drop_down Croatian Scientific Bibliography - CROSBIMaster thesis . 2022Data sources: Croatian Scientific Bibliography - CROSBIadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Bachelor thesis 2018 CroatiaPublisher:Sveučilište Josipa Jurja Strossmayera u Osijeku. Ekonomski fakultet u Osijeku. Katedra za kvanititavne metode i upravljanje. Authors: Jaman, Lucija;Za početak, struktura rada podijeljena je u dva dijela. U prvom dijelu navodi se cilj predmeta istraživanja, a koji je pobliže definira i navodi osnovne karakteristike održivog razvoja i njegovog provođenja. Tako u drugom poglavlju govori se o povijesnim činjenicama razvoja, njegovom nastanku i upravljanju. Potom se navode neki od aspekata promatranja održivog razvoja promatranog s kulturne, demografske i socijalne strane. I za kraj ovog prvog dijela prikazan je održivi razvoj urbanih sredina i s kojim se problemom oni najčešće susreću. Drugi dio započinje općenitim dijelom o gradu Đakovu u kojem se govori o njegovom položaju i povijesnom nastanku. Sedmo poglavlje prikazuje održivost Grada kroz nekoliko načela održivosti. Uzimajući u obzir ekološku, ekonomsku, sociokulturnu i tehnološku održivost prikazuje se kako Grad po pitanju svake djeluje, na koji način je provodi ili ne. Održivi razvoj najčešće stavljamo u kontekst s okolišem što i je točno, ali uz njega se vežu i druge stvari koje bi, možemo reći, trebale biti zadovoljene da bi se razvoj održao. Svaki grad, država pa i cijela Zemlja bore se s tim problemom i nastoje ga na svoj način riješiti. Odlaganje otpada i zagađenost zraka postaju globalan problem i o njemu se danas sve više govori. ; To begin with, the structure of work is divided into two parts. The first part states the subject matter of the research, which more precisely defines and lists the basic characteristics of sustainable development and its implementation. Thus, in the second chapter, we discuss the historical facts of development, its emergence and management. Some of the aspects of the observation of sustainable development from the cultural, demographic and social aspects are mentioned. And for the end of this first part, sustainable development of the urban environment is presented and with which problem they most often encounter. The second part starts with the general part of the city of Đakovo, which tells about its position and historical origins. The seventh chapter shows the ...
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Bachelor thesis 2018 CroatiaPublisher:Sveučilište Josipa Jurja Strossmayera u Osijeku. Pravni fakultet Osijek. Katedra ustavnih i političkih znanosti. Authors: Čurčinac, Eva;U ovome radu dotaći ćemo se općenito energetskih djelatnosti kao dijela javnog sektora te ćemo na općenit način objasniti pojedine pojmove i djelatnosti u ovome sektoru. Svi se u nekom trenutku života dotaknemo kako sa proizvodnjom energije, tako i sa potrošnjom iste, mada smo češće u ulozi potrošaća. Ovdje možete pronaći popis i opis pravnog okvira koji uređuje energetski sektor, te popis samih djelatnosti koje se unutar sektora izvršavaju. Nadležno ministarstvo za energetski sektor je Ministarstvo zaštite okoliša i energetike, a Ministarstvo gospodarstva za rudarstvo, koje smo stavili u odnos sa samim djelatnostima. Upoznat ćemo se sa pojmom Smart Grids.Vlada Republike Hrvatske igra bitnu ulogu, te možete pronaći koje su obveze i ovlasti vezane uz Vladu i energetski sektor. Kakvu ulogu ima Hrvatska energetska regulatorna agencija možete iznaći u ovom radu. ; In this paper, we will refer to general energy activities as a part of the public sector and we will explain in general terms some concepts and activities in this sector. We all experience at some point in time both energy production and consumption, although we are more often in the role of consumers. Here, you can find a list and description of the legal framework governing the energy sector and the list of activities within the sector. The ministry responsible for the energy sector is the Ministry of Environmental Protection and Energy and the Ministry of Mining, which we have put in relation to the activities. We will get acquainted with the concept of Smart Grids. The Government of the Republic of Croatia plays an important role, and you can find out what are the obligations and powers related to the Government and the energy sector. The role of the Croatian Energy Regulatory Agency can be found in this paper.
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