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  • 15. Life on land
  • 9. Industry and infrastructure
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: de Andrade Evangelista, Ana Carolina; Garcia Ferreira, Eduarda; Ferrari da Silva, Rafael; Gomes Ilha, Júlia; +1 Authors

    Lagoa dos Patos is one of the largest coastal lagoons in the world, having socio-environmental and socioeconomic relevance for Rio Grande do Sul. The territory is historically occupied by traditional artisanal fishing communities that (re)produce their ways of life socially, materially and symbolically. In December 2021, the State Department of Environment and Infrastructure published the project to grant the use of public assets for the installation of wind farms in the lagoon. This article seeks to debate this Project, expanding the discussion on its sustainability and investigating impacts on artisanal fisheries. As a methodology, we used the Discourse Analysis, through the Public Hearing, forums and other meetings with agents concerning artisanal fishing in the state. We noticed the lack of consultation and the instrumentalization of environmental issues to legitimize the process before civil society, making the communities involved vulnerable and excluded, in addition to impacting adjacent environmental protection areas. A Lagoa dos Patos é uma das maiores lagoas costeiras mundiais, possuindo relevância socioambiental e socioeconômica para o Rio Grande do Sul. O território é ocupado, historicamente, por comunidades tradicionais de pesca artesanal que (re)produzem seus modos de vida social, material e simbolicamente. Em dezembro de 2021, a Secretaria Estadual de Meio Ambiente e Infraestrutura publicou o projeto de concessão de uso de bem público para instalação de parques eólicos na Lagoa. Este artigo busca debater esse Projeto, ampliando o diálogo sobre sua sustentabilidade e investigando os impactos na pesca artesanal. Como metodologia, utilizamos a Análise de Discurso, por meio da Audiência Pública, fóruns e outras reuniões com agentes concernentes à pesca artesanal no estado. Percebemos a ausência de consulta e a instrumentalização das questões ambientais para legitimar o processo perante a sociedade civil, vulnerabilizando e excluindo as comunidades envolvidas, além de impactar áreas de proteção ambiental adjacentes.

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    Authors: Lima, Valdeci Candido de;

    Este artículo, con área de concentración en Tecnología de las Construcciones, se propone investigar e identificar la sostenibilidad de la casa del cauchero amazónico, en las zonas caucheras de estado de Acre, en Brasil, a partir del final del siglo 19 hasta la segunda mitad del siglo 20. Se buscó traer subsidios bibliográficos e históricos, y factores constructivos determinantes, los que han atribuido significados a ese modelo de construcción, y lo han identificado como habitación sostenible. El cauchero, hombre tosco, en su mayoría migrantes, empujados por la sequía del Nordeste brasileño, en busca de riquezas, al llegar a las regiones de la Amazonia para cortar caucho y producir el látex, se introdujo en la enmarañada selva abundante en fauna y flora, un territorio rico en árboles de siringas, castañas, bambúes, palmeras y toda especie de maderas nobles. Era un mundo desconocido. Fue en ese momento, como resultado de la batalla por el control del látex, que el Acre surgió para Brasil y el mundo. Los nordestinos, sin ninguna condición financiera y con las necesidades del inicio de la ocupación, han tomado como modelo la habitación indígena amazónica, a la que han mezclado los recuerdos de las viviendas de sus lugares de origen. Así, fue utilizando técnicas rudimentales que han construido sus casas, cerca de las matas de caucho, con materiales retirados de la selva, tales como la madera y la paja de las palmeras, los bejucos y el bambú, todo sin agredir el medio ambiente. Aprendió a proteger su casa de la intemperie imprimiendo a esta habitación una interacción con la naturaleza, aprovechando los espacios abiertos, integrados y ventilados. Esos datos han sido recogidos de la historia de la creación del Acre, que trae descripciones del modelo arquitectónico de las viviendas que, al final, van a diseñar la casa del cauchero acreano como una habitación sostenible. Este artigo, com área de concentração em tecnologia das construções, propõe-se a pesquisar e identificar a sustentabilidade da casa do seringueiro amazônico, construída nos seringais acreanos, a partir do final do século 19 e segunda metade do século 20. Busca trazer subsídios bibliográficos, históricos e fatores construtivos determinantes, os quais atribuíram significados a esse modelo de construção, identificando-o como habitação sustentável. O seringueiro, homem rude, migrante em sua maioria, tangido pelas secas dos sertões nordestinos, em busca de riquezas, ao chegar às regiões da Amazônia, para cortar seringa e produzir a borracha, embrenhou-se nas densas florestas, ricas em fauna e flora. Um território abundante em seringueiras, castanheiras, bambus, palmeiras e toda espécie de madeiras nobres, um mundo desconhecido. A partir dessa ocupação passa a ser conhecido em decorrência da batalha pelo controle da borracha. Assim, o Acre surge para o Brasil e para o mundo. A população nordestina, sem condição financeira, e considerando as necessidades iniciais na época da ocupação, toma como modelo de habitação a oca indígena, misturando-a às lembranças das casas de seus locais de origem. Desse modo, com técnicas rudimentares construíram, nas colocações dos seringais, suas casas, com matéria-prima retirada da floresta, tais como a madeira, paxiúba, a palha da palmeira, o cipó, o bambu, tudo sem agredir o meio ambiente. Aprendeu a protegê-la das intempéries, imprimindo a essa habitação uma interação com a natureza, por meio de espaços abertos, integrados e ventilados. Esses dados têm como fonte a história de formação do Acre, cujas descrições apresentam o modelo arquitetônico das moradias que, ao final, vão desenhar a casa do seringueiro acreano como habitação sustentável. This article, focusing on construction technology, investigates and identifies the sustainability of the Amazon rubber tapper's home, built within the rubber tree forest of the Brazilian State of Acre from the late 19th century to the second half of the 20th century. This study also surveys bibliographical information, historical, determinant and constructive facts that attributed meanings to this model of construction, identifying it as sustainable housing. The latex collector was a crude individual, usually a migrant from the country's Northeast, driven by the droughts in the Northeastern backwoods, in search of wealth. When these people reached the Amazon regions to tap rubber trees and produce rubber, they entered the dense and lush forests, rich in rubber trees, Brazil nut trees, bamboo, palm trees and all types of hardwood. It was an unknown world. As a result of a war for latex hegemony, Acre emerged as important to Brazil and the whole world. Lacking a good financial situation and due to the basic needs and memories of their homeland, the rubber tappers built their houses similar to the Amazon native's housing, using raw materials from the forest - such as wood, paxiúba, palm straws, cipó and bamboo - without destroying the environment. They learned how to protect their homes from the storms by interacting with nature through open, integrated and windy spaces. These findings are based on the history of Acre's settlement, and the descriptions of the tappers' homes are evidence of dwellings that are fully self-sustainable.

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    Authors: Zachow, Marlowa; Coutinho, Alan Denizzar Limeira; Grisa, Jaqueline Gomes Demarchi; Barboza, Márcia Andréia; +2 Authors

    El Movimiento Sin Tierra (MST) surgió como una forma de luchar por la tierra y la reforma agraria, así como para promover el desarrollo sostenible. Las Naciones Unidas, por su parte, han estado trabajando en 17 objetivos para el desarrollo sostenible. Mediante un estudio de caso, buscamos comprender cómo la reforma agraria puede promover el desarrollo rural sostenible en el asentamiento Valmir Mota de Oliveira, en la ciudad de Cascavel, en el oeste de Paraná. Se descubrió que el Assentamiento estudiado desarrolla diversas prácticas de sostenibilidad, cumpliendo 8 de los 17 objetivos de desarrollo sostenible propuestos por la ONU. O Movimento sem terra (MST) surgiu como forma de lutar pela terra e pela reforma agrária, bem como promover o desenvolvimento sustentável. A Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU), por sua vez, tem trabalhado em 17 objetivos para o desenvolvimento sustentável. Através de um estudo de caso, buscou-se entender como a reforma agrária pode promover o desenvolvimento rural sustentável no Assentamento Valmir Mota de Oliveira, na cidade de Cascavel no Oeste do Paraná. Foi verificado que o Assentamento desenvolve várias práticas de sustentabilidade, atendendo 8 dos 17 objetivos do desenvolvimento sustentável propostos pela ONU. The Landless Movement (MST) emerged as a way to fight for land and land reform, as well as to promote sustainable development. The United Nations (UN), for its part, has been working on 17 goals for sustainable development. Through a case study, we sought to understand how land reform can promote sustainable rural development in the Valmir Mota de Oliveira Settlement, in the city of Cascavel in western Paraná. It was found that the Settlement studied develops various sustainability practices, meeting 8 of the 17 goals of sustainable development proposed by the UN.

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    Authors: Neves, Raul da Silva;

    Nowadays, concepts such as work, performance, satisfaction and the consequent preservation of future generations are a present and recurring topic in everyone´s daily life. Companies, as an engine of the economy, have a fundamental role in this context, so it´s believed that the so-called “best companies to work for” will tend to obtain better performance from their employees, which will enable them to be increasingly profitable, as well as to present better sustainability indexes for the good of the society. As such, and as mentioned by Broadstock et al. (2021); Ferriani and Natoli (2021), companies that have higher quotations in terms of sustainability ratios are less exposed to systematic risk and, therefore, are attracting more investments and higher returns from stocks. In this study, the aim is to achieve a sustained assessment of the impact of job satisfaction on corporate profitability in companies of the Northern Europe; for this purpose an econometic analysis was carried out based on a panel data model with fixed effects. The results obtained produced evidence, that more satisfied employees contribute to superior economic performance of companies where they work.

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    Authors: Gomes, Pedro Rafael Sá Fernandes;

    A crescente frequência e gravidade dos desastres relacionados com mudanças climáticas têm causado danos económicos e perda de vidas. Em 2018 foram documentados no International Disaster Database 315 desastres relacionados com o clima, que tiveram impacto em cerca de 68 milhões de pessoas, provocando a morte de 11.804 e causando cerca de 132 mil milhões de dólares em danos e prejuízos por todo o mundo. O processo de urbanização, em concreto o crescimento das grandes cidades, é um problema atual para a sociedade, que já se sente e se fará sentir com um aumento significativo nas próximas décadas do valor da população mundial a viver em cidades em contraposição ao êxodo rural, que se traduzirá noutra tipologia de problemas como a desertificação dessas áreas. Assim, conjugando estes processos de urbanização com uma maior frequência e aumento da gravidade dos desastres relacionados com clima e ambiente torna-se necessário desenvolver e preparar os sistemas para melhorar a resiliência desses sistemas e do meio urbano em geral. Como tal, há um crescente interesse no desenvolvimento de avaliação rigorosa dos sistemas urbanos que envolvem os componentes físicos (por exemplo, edifícios e redes de transporte) e os componentes biológicos (por exemplo, plantas, animais e população humana). Essas avaliações podem revelar o nível de recuperação e o grau de adaptação e preparação, assim como, a velocidade de reação e ação das cidades a eventos disruptivos associados a um futuro assolado por um clima incerto. Assim, neste trabalho, pretende-se estudar o conceito de resiliência urbana e desenvolver um modelo de avaliação da resiliência assente em cinco dimensões: infraestrutural, ambiental, governança, económica e social, tendo por base modelos já existentes e utilizados na literatura. Para esse efeito apresenta-se uma análise mais abrangente sobre o desempenho dos municípios da Região Norte de Portugal e uma análise mais especifica para os municípios do quadrilátero urbano do Minho, com particular incidência na análise das subdimensões e dos indicadores que compõem cada dimensão da avaliação. The increasing frequency and severity of climate change-related disasters have caused economic damage and loss of life. In 2018, 315 climate-related disasters were documented in the International Disaster Database, which impacted around 68 million people, killing 11,804 and causing around US$132 billion in damages and losses worldwide. The urbanization process, specifically the growth of large cities, is a current problem for society, which is already felt and will be felt with a significant increase in the coming decades of the value of the world population living in cities as opposed to the rural exodus, which will translate into another type of problem such as the desertification of these areas. Thus, combining these urbanization processes with a greater frequency and increased severity of disasters related to climate and environment, it becomes necessary to develop and prepare systems to improve the resilience of these systems and of the urban environment in general. As such, there is growing interest in developing rigorous assessment of urban systems that involve both physical components (eg buildings and transport networks) and biological components (eg plants, animals and human population). These assessments can reveal the level of recovery and the degree of adaptation and preparation, as well as the speed of reaction and action of cities to disruptive events associated with a future plagued by an uncertain climate. Thus, in this work, we intend to study the concept of urban resilience and develop a model for assessing resilience based on five dimensions: infrastructural, environmental, governance, economic and social, based on models that already exist and are used in the literature. For this purpose, a more comprehensive analysis of the performance of the municipalities in the North of Portugal and a more specific analysis for the municipalities of the urban quadrilateral of Minho are presented, with particular focus on the analysis of the sub-dimensions and indicators that make up each dimension of the evaluation. Dissertação de mestrado de Engenharia Urbana

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    Universidade do Minho: RepositoriUM
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    License: CC BY
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      Universidade do Minho: RepositoriUM
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    Authors: McAloone, Tim C.; Bey, Niki;

    Companies in Denmark and abroad are working increasingly to reduce human impacts on the environment and nature. At the same time there must still be a large focus on the creation of value for customers and consumers. This development gives rise to a huge potential for Danish companies, to create new business opportunities, where sustainable development and value creation are integrated early in the design of new products and services. There is a great opportunity for businesses to create a new and positive agenda, where the focus is on all the good that companies can do for the environment, society and economic growth. Such an agenda must, of course, be based on a high involvement of the competencies of the companies’ own employees, as well as those of partners in the value chain. The Danish Environmental Protection Agency and the Confederation of Danish Industry are cooperating to promote and aid the establishment of such a new agenda. We place our focus on how products and services can be designed so not to harm humans, the environment and nature. With this Guide to environmental improvement through product development, we take the first step in this collaboration. The Guide gives inspiration and a stepwise approach to integrating positive environmental effects into companies’ design and product development processes. The Guide is intended primarily for product developers who have the task of building environmental thinking into the product development process. However environmental staff, industrial designers, manufacturing staff and others can also benefit from reading the Guide. The Guide is based on a review of the environmentally-oriented methods used and product development activities carried out in Danish and international companies, as well as experience gained through a series of workshops with Danish companies. The Guide has been created by the Technical University of Denmark (DTU) and IPU Product Development, in cooperation with the Confederation of Danish Industry and the Danish Environmental Protection Agency. Development of the Guide was financed through the Danish Environmental Protection Agency’s company funding scheme. We hope you will be inspired!

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    Authors: Barbosa, Xênia de Castro; Chediak, Sheylla; Cardozo, Ivaneide Bandeira;

    La expansión de la frontera agrícola brasileña en la Amazonía ha generado profundos cambios en las formas de vida de los pueblos y comunidades tradicionales y en su relación con los recursos naturales. Los grandes proyectos de infraestructura implementados en la Amazonía, a raíz del desarrollismo, promovieron usos de la tierra desiguales e insostenibles, volviendo vulnerables a las poblaciones indígenas y sus territorios. En este artículo buscamos analizar las transformaciones en la concepción y uso de los recursos forestales por parte del pueblo indígena Paiter Suruí, en la Tierra Indígena Sete de Setembro. El estudio se basó en el método documental y los análisis se realizaron en base al Ecosocialismo (LÖWY, 2013; 2014). Los resultados apuntan a una comprensión cada vez mayor, por parte del pueblo Paiter Suruí, del valor del bosque “en pie” para la generación de ingresos, principalmente a través del uso de biomasa forestal para la captura de carbono; también indican la introducción de esta etnia en el debate internacional sobre la crisis ambiental y el calentamiento global. The Brazilian agricultural border expansion across the Amazon has triggered profound changes in the traditional people and communities’ lives and in their relationships with natural resources. Large infrastructure projects have been implemented in the Amazon under the heading of developmentalism promote unequal and unsustainable land uses, making indigenous populations and their territories vulnerable. In this paper we aim at analyzing transformations in the conception and use of forest resources by the Paiter Suruí indigenous people, in Sete de Setembro Indigenous Territory. The study was based on the documentary method and the analyses was carried out on the basis of Ecosocialism (LÖWY, 2013; 2014). The results point to a growing understanding, by the Paiter Suruí people, of the “standing” forest value for income generation, especially through the use of forest biomass for carbon sequestration; they also indicate the ethnic group introduction into the international debate on the environmental crisis and global warming. A expansão da fronteira agrícola brasileira na Amazônia gerou profundas mudanças nos modos de vida de povos e comunidades tradicionais e em suas relações com os recursos naturais. Os grandes projetos de infraestrutura implementados na Amazônia, na esteira do desenvolvimentismo, promoveram usos desiguais e insustentáveis do solo, tornando vulneráveis as populações indígenas e seus territórios. Neste artigo buscamos analisar as transformações na concepção e uso dos recursos florestais pelo povo indígena Paiter Suruí, na Terra Indígena Sete de Setembro. O estudo baseou-se no método documental e as análises foram conduzidas com base no Ecossocialismo (LÖWY, 2013; 2014). Os resultados apontam para uma compreensão crescente, por parte do povo Paiter Suruí, do valor da floresta em “pé” para geração de renda, principalmente por meio do uso da biomassa florestal para sequestro de carbono; indicam também a introdução dessa etnia no debate internacional sobre a crise ambiental e o aquecimento global.

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    Authors: Leça, Luís Carlos Tavares de Oliveira;

    The main objective of this study is to analyse the role of Entrepreneurial Orientation in the Portuguese furniture sector, the response to the challenges posed by Environmental Sustainability and the impacts in terms of the Internationalisation of SMEs. The literature review was carried out in relation to Entrepreneurship, focused on the logic of developing companies and expressed in the construct of Entrepreneurial Orientation, but also Environmental Sustainability and Internationalisation, which structured the survey conducted to the managers of SMEs in the furniture sector (Economic Code of Activity Rev.3: 31-; 46-; e 47-) and, whose results, were the basis for the empirical study. The study is innovative, firstly, by analysing the concept of Entrepreneurial Orientation and its application to SMEs in the Portuguese furniture sector, formed in 2021 by 4,413 companies, more than 6% of the manufacturing industry and that presents, in 2021, an international trade balance of US$723 million (UN COMTRADE, 2022). Secondly, for analysing the impact of Entrepreneurial Orientation on the dynamics of Environmental Sustainability and Circular Economy, reinforcing the relevance of the theme given the time of climate urgency that the world is facing, in a critical area for natural capital, such as the forest and its derived products. The results obtained allowed validating the construct of Entrepreneurial Orientation - measured by 8 items of Innovativeness (3), Proactiveness (2) and Risk-Taking (3) - in the SME managers of the sample, with a mean of 3.396 and a minimum of 2.869, on a scale of 5 (statistically validated). It also allowed confirming the existence of a positive relationship between Entrepreneurial Orientation and sustainability strategy, evaluated by the scale of the Sustainable Development business model. The sector has effectively started a sustainable development strategy, less than 1/3 reports inaction before this change of paradigm (29.9%), and there are companies with a very advanced and implemented sustainable business model, 47.7% are already at the Sustainable Product and Service Design level. It was also demonstrated, at the level of Internationalisation, that EO and the dynamics of the business model in terms of Sustainability anticipate the high scale of internationalisation of companies in the furniture sector.

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    Authors: Duarte, Luís Miguel Moreira;

    O conceito de sustentabilidade empresarial está cada vez mais em voga, muito devido ao aumento do interesse público, das pressões regulatórias ou da responsabilidade social corporativa. Assim, atualmente, as organizações conduzem as suas atividades conscientemente de forma a melhorar a sua performance não só economicamente, mas também social e ambientalmente. Por outro lado, com a notória globalização dos mercados, a otimização dos processos nas empresas é altamente recomendada, isto é, com o aumento da exigência dos clientes, da constante variação dos padrões de consumo e da necessidade de inovação, muitas organizações recorrem a metodologias de Problem Solving de forma a melhorar continuamente os seus processos e, assim, aumentar a sua vantagem competitiva. O Lean Seis Sigma é uma metodologia que nos últimos anos tem vindo a ser associada ao conceito de sustentabilidade de uma forma integrada, isto porque é uma das principais estratégias de negócio utilizadas para melhorar o desempenho operacional. Assim sendo, através da implementação de uma metodologia Lean Seis Sigma Sustentável, as organizações procuram otimizar os seus processos de forma a garantir um equilíbrio entre a eficiência económica, a prudência ecológica e a equidade social. No sentido de compreender o impacto do Lean Seis Sigma na sustentabilidade das empresas, o presente caso de estudo foi estruturado num ambiente industrial de desenvolvimento e produção de motociclos na AJP Motos. O ciclo de investigação aplicado foi o DMAIC, de forma a sistematizar e monitorizar de uma forma concreta e prática todas as questões essenciais para a obtenção de resultados. Ao longo das diferentes etapas do ciclo, o processo foi mapeado, analisado e detalhado recorrendo a ferramentas como o Value Stream Mapping (VSM), Quality Function Deployment (QFD), PFMEA, Diagrama de Ishikawa, entre outras. A investigação culminou com algumas sugestões de melhoria implementadas na organização, que permitiram a redução do Lead Time do produto em 11 dias e a redução dos tempos de prémontagem de alguns dos componentes. Isto contribuiu para que a empresa passasse a produzir de uma forma mais organizada, célere e com menos desperdício, aumentando assim a eficiência e a produtividade de alguns dos seus processos.

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    Authors: MVA Barros; orcid bw Kieling, AC;
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    -The main objective of this work was to apply the indicators of Ecological Footprint to measure the current state of the art company studied the Industrial Pole of Manaus. For this, there was a comprehensive review of existing methodologies for adaptation on a smaller scale .Then the consumption variables necessary for the calculation of the Ecological Footprint in Corporate Environment were identified .It was used at first exploratory research and approach the second moment of theoretical and descriptive research by collecting primary data within an enterprise PIM . The literature for composition of a theoretical and documentary research for access to secondary data required for calculation of the indicators were also used .Data collection was conducted through a questionnaire , with explanatory text at the beginning , which was answered by those responsible for the requested data. The quantitative method is related to the use of quantification of variables ,use of formulas for the calculation of indicators and statistical techniques to ensure accurate results . As a result of the research, it was found that the Ecological Footprint Company (-894.62 gha) is within the standards set nationally (2.9 gha) and that may encourage more consumption of fish instead of beef . It is relevant attention to the sustainability of our green areas, because of the 44 hectares of the Urban Zone of Manaus, 28 000 have been deforested. Cite as: MVA Barros, AC Kieling. "ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT: APPROXIMATE FOR A STUDY ON APPLICABILITY OF INDUSTRIAL INDUSTRIES POLO MANAUS FREE ZONE – PIM (BRAZIL)". In: REVIEW OF RESEARCH, Vol. 4, Issue 6/March 2015, pp. 1-11.

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