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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Avcı, Ayşegül;

    Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana, 1996. Kaynakça (s. 70-76) var. v, 76(4) s. ; 30 cm. TEZ2238 …

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao YÖK Açık Bilim - CoH...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao YÖK Açık Bilim - CoH...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Gürer, Ahmet;

    21 ÖZET Bu çalışmada, sıçanlarda deneysel olarak geliştirilen stres (hareketsizlik + soğuk), indometazin, etanol ülserinde, ksantin oksidaz inhibitörü allopurinol ve serbest radikal tutucusu SOD'nin etkileri ve serbest oksijen radikallerinin stres, indometazin ve etanol ülseri gelişimindeki rolleri araştırılmıştır. Hareketsizlik + soğuk stresi uygulanan grupta ülser skoru (mm.) 20.0±3.8 olarak bulunurken, önceden allopurinol uygulanan sıçanlarda ülser skoru 9.8+1.3 olarak belirlenmiş ve her iki grubun değerleri birbiriyle karşılaştırıldığında fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur (p<0,001). SOD verilen ayrı bir grupta ise ülser skoru 13.4±2.4 olarak belirlenmiştir. Ülser kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırıldığında SOD'nin ülser gelişimini istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir şekilde (p<0,001) önlediği sap tanmıştır. İndometazin verilen sıçanlarda ülser skorunun 22.4±2.8mm. olduğu gözlenmiştir. İndomatezin verilme den önce allopurinol verilen grupta ülser skorunun 13.5±2.4, SOD verilen grupta ise ülser skorunun 7. 6±1. 3 mm. olduğu belirlenmiştir. Kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırıldığında, allopurinolün ve SOD'nin ülser gelişimini istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede22 (p<0,001) olarak azalttığı saptanmıştır. Ayrıca SOD ve Allopurinol uygulanan gruplar birbirleri ile karşılaştırıldığında SOD ' nin allopurinolden daha etkin bir şekilde lezyon gelişmesini engellediği belirlenmiştir. % 40 v/v etanol uygulanan sıçanlarda ülser skoru 23,8±5/9 olarak saptanmıştır. Allopurinol uygulanan grupta allopurinolün ülser gelişimini anlamlı olarak azalttığı (P<0,001); ülser skorunun 12.8±2.2 olduğu gözlenmiştir. SOD verilen grupta ise ülser skoru 18.7±4.8 olarak belirlenmiş ve kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırıldığında farkın istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olmadığı (p>0,005) saptanmıştır. Bu çalışmadaki çıkarımımız; stres ülserinde ksantin oksidaz ve lipoksi jenaz, indometazin ülserinde esas olarak lipoksijenaz ve daha az olarak ksantin oksidaz, etanol ülserinde ksantin oksidaz aracılığı ile oluşan serbest oksijen radikallerinin lezyon gelişiminde önemli rol oynadığını telkin ettiği şeklindedir. Sonuç olarak; deneysel oluşturulan stres, indometazin ve etanol ülserinde serbest oksijen radikallerinin de diğer hümoral mediyatörler yanında lezyon gelişmesinde önemli rolü olduğu ileri sürülebilir. 29

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao YÖK Açık Bilim - CoH...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao YÖK Açık Bilim - CoH...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Vatansever, Mehmet;

    Tourism is an industry that has started to rise rapidly in recent years. Thus, there has been a tendency towards different tourism types rather than mass tourism in order to spread tourism on every day of the year. By this way, there has been an increasing interest in the developing alternative tourism types and these tourism types have started to be evaluated within the frame of sustainability. Alternative tourism types increase people's interest in unexplored natural environments and make these regions a destination, which has brought up the issue of protecting the regions and realizing tourism activities there. As long as tourism activities in these regions are carried out within the scope of eco-tourism; the richnesses and natural diversity of the regions will be protected and the local people will develop socio-economically. This study examines all the richnesses and potential tourism types in Bird Sanctuary on the Kızılırmak Delta and includes the opinions and suggestions of relevant shareholders regarding the problems of the region. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with relevant shareholders and their opinions about the tourism supply and sustainability of the region were received. As a result of the study, it was determined that available touristic and social facilities in the region were inadequate, infra and super structures in the region needed to be developed and a greater importance had to be attached to advertising activities. In addition, it was concluded that shareholders were highly positive and excited about protecting the beauties of the Kızılırmak Delta and providing its sustainability by including the delta in the permanent heritage list of UNESCO Turizm son zamanlarda hızla yükselişe geçen bir endüstridir. Bu nedenle turizmin yılın her gününe yayılması amacı ile kitle turizminden farklı turizm türlerine yönelim başlamıştır. Bu sayede gelişen alternatif turizm türlerine olan ilgi artmış ve bu turizm türleri sürdürülebilirlik çerçevesinde değerlendirilmeye başlanmıştır. Alternatif turizm türleri ile birlikte insanların keşfedilmemiş doğal ortamlara olan ilgisinin artması ve bu bölgelerin destinasyon olarak kullanımı, bölgelerin korunarak turizm faaliyetlerinin gerçekleştirilmesi konusunu gündeme getirmiştir. Bu bölgelerde gerçekleştirilen turizm faaliyetleri eko-turizm kapsamında gerçekleştirilirse, yöre halkının zenginliği, doğal çeşitliliği ve sosyo-ekonomik kalkınmasının korunmasına katkıda bulunacaktır.Bu çalışma ile Kızılırmak Delta Kuş Cenneti'nin tüm zenginlikleri ve gelişebilecek turizm türleri incelenmiş ve bölge ile ilgili paydaşların görüş ve önerileri verilmiştir. Bu konuda paydaşlarla yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler yapıldı ve bölgenin turizm arzını ve sürdürülebilirliğini sağlamak için görüş alındı. Araştırmanın sonucunda bölgede mevcut turistik ve sosyal tesislerin yetersiz olduğu, bölgedeki alt ve üst yapıların geliştirilmesi gerektiği, tanıtım faaliyetlerine daha çok önem verilmesi gerektiği sonuçlarına ulaşılmıştır. Ayrıca Kızılırmak Deltası'nın sahip olduğu güzelliklerin el değmeden korunması ve UNESCO kalıcı miras listesine girmesiyle sürdürülebilirliğin sağlanması hususunda paydaşların oldukça olumlu ve heyecanlı oldukları sonuçlarına da ulaşılmıştır. 96

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao YÖK Açık Bilim - CoH...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao YÖK Açık Bilim - CoH...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Sarabia Escrivà, Emilio José; Soto Francés, Víctor Manuel; Pinazo Ojer, José Manuel; Acha, Salvador;

    [EN] The objective of this article is to compare the behaviour of the most representative domestic hot water systems (DHW) in single-family buildings. The study evaluates the energy consumption, equivalent CO2 emissions and cost for each system over a 15-year life period. This analysis is carried out in four cli- matic zones across Europe to observe the influence of climatic conditions on the results. The four climatic zones are located in the cities of Athens, Madrid, London and Berlin. The analysed systems are: a) natural gas-fired instantaneous water heaters, b) electric storage water heater, c) solar thermal system with gas- fired instantaneous, d) solar thermal system with electric storage water heater, e) air-source heat pump, f) photovoltaic system with electric storage water heater, and g) photovoltaic system with air-source heat pump. This range of technologies covers the most likely solutions to be implemented across domestic buildings in Europe.The heat pump system (HPWH) with PV considering self-consumption shows the lowest environmen- tal impact in all zones, but is not an attractive investment in the coldest zones due to lower natural gas prices. Thermal solar systems have a high purchase and maintenance costs which do not compensate their energy savings. The PV HPWH system has a greater reduction of emissions and a lower cost than HPWH across a 15-year life. The gas boiler system has the lowest cost in a 15-year period in the coldest areas, despite having a greater environmental impact than the heat pump.(c) 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Recolector de Cienci...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    RiuNet
    Article . 2023
    License: CC BY NC ND
    Data sources: RiuNet
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Energy and Buildings
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Elsevier TDM
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Recolector de Cienci...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      RiuNet
      Article . 2023
      License: CC BY NC ND
      Data sources: RiuNet
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Energy and Buildings
      Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
      License: Elsevier TDM
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Haug, Alfred Albert; Ucal, Meltem Şengün;

    Abstract This paper examines the effects of foreign trade and foreign direct investment (FDI) on CO 2 emissions in Turkey. We consider linear and nonlinear ARDL models and find significant asymmetric effects of exports, imports and FDI on CO 2 emissions per capita. However, FDI has no statistically significant long-run effects. In the long run, decreases in exports reduce CO 2 emissions per capita but increases in exports have no statistically significant effects. Increases in imports push up CO 2 emissions per capita, while decreases in imports have no long-run effects. On the other hand, CO 2 intensity, which measures CO 2 emissions per unit of energy, is not influenced by exports and imports, nor by FDI. Instead, it is affected positively by financial development and urbanization. Also, we find that an environmental Kuznets curve is present for both CO 2 measures so that increases in real GDP per capita have led to reductions in CO 2 emissions for at least the most recent decade, controlling for other confounding factors. Furthermore, the sectoral shares of CO 2 emissions in total CO 2 emissions change asymmetrically with foreign trade for two of four sectors, with export increases leading to lower CO 2 shares and imports having the opposite effect.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Kadir Has University...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Energy Economics
    Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Elsevier TDM
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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Kadir Has University...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Energy Economics
      Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
      License: Elsevier TDM
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Yiwei Hu; Benlei Wang; Zhanghua Wu; Jianying Hu; +2 Authors

    Thermoacoustic technology emerges as a sustainable and low-carbon method for energy conversion, leveraging environmentally friendly working mediums and independence from electricity. This study presents the development of a multimode heat-driven thermoacoustic system designed to utilize medium/low-grade heat sources for room-temperature cooling and heating. We constructed both a simulation model and an experimental prototype for a single-unit direct-coupled thermoacoustic system, exploring its performance in heating-only, cooling-only, and hybrid heating and cooling modes. Internal characteristic analysis including an examination of internal exergy loss and a distribution analysis of key parameters was first conducted in the hybrid cooling and heating mode. The results indicated a positive-focused traveling-wave-dominant acoustic field within the thermoacoustic core unit, enhancing energy conversion efficiency. The output system performance was subsequently tested under different working conditions in the heating-only and cooling-only modes. A maximum output heating power of 2.3 kW and a maximum COPh of 1.41 were observed in the heating-only mode. Meanwhile, a cooling power of 748 W and a COPc of 0.4 were obtained in the typical cooling condition at 7 °C when operating in cooling-only mode. These findings underscore the promising potential of thermoacoustic systems for efficiently utilizing medium/low-grade heat sources for cooling and/or heating applications in the future.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao https://dx.doi.org/1...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Applied Physics Letters
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao https://dx.doi.org/1...arrow_drop_down
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      Applied Physics Letters
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Hasdemir, Birol;

    ABSTRACT A NEW METHOD FOR THE ESTIMATION OF LACKING DAYLIGHT ILLUMINATION DATA BY USING AVAILABLE METEOROLOGICAL DATA IN TURKEY HASDEMIR, Birol Ph.D. in Building Sciences, Architecture Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Ahmet ECEVIT January, 1995, 54 pages. For the prediction of lacking daylight availability data in Turkey, the ratio of hourly variation of terrestrial total illumination to the simultaneous extraterrestrial illumination and hourly luminous efficacy of terrestrial total solar radiation was related to the hourly average clearness index, and solar altitude angle under overcast, partly cloudy and clear sky conditions of Ankara. Empirical daylight illumination prediction equations were constructed, their validity was tested by using overcast, partly cloudy and clear sky daylight illumination data measured at Gaithersburg-Maryland (USA). The validation test results are also presented in terms of mean biased (MBE), mean absolute biased (MABE) and root mean square errors (RMSE). Keywords: Daylight illumination, solar radiation, clearness index. Science Code: 601.02.07. Ill Öz TÜRKİYE'DE EKSİK OLAN GÜNIŞI?I AYDINLANMA VERİLERİNİN, MEVCUT GÜNEŞ IŞIMA VERİLERİ KULLANILARAK TAHMİNİ İÇİN YENİ BİR YÖNTEM HASDEMİR, Birol Doktora tezi, Yapı Bilimleri, Mimarlık Ana Bilim Dalı Tez Yöneticisi: Prof. Dr. Ahmet ECEVİT Ocak, 1995, 54 Sayfa. Türkiye'de eksik olan günışığı aydınlanma verilerinin tahmini için, Ankara'nın kapalı, parçalı bulutlu ve açık gökyüzü koşullarında, eş zamanlı saatlik toplam yeryüzü ve atmosfer dışı günışığı aydınlanma oranları ve yeryüzündeki saatlik toplam güneş ışınımının ışık etkinliği, güneşin yükseliş açısı ve saatlik gökyüzü açıklık endeksine ilişkilendirildi. Türetilen ampirik günışığı aydınlanması tahmin denklemlerinin geçerliliği, Gaithersburg-Maryland (ABD) de kapalı, parçalı bulutlu ve açık gökyüzü koşullarında ölçülen günışığı aydınlanma verileri kullanılarak test edildi. Geçerlilik test sonuçları MBE, MABE ve RMSE cinsinden sunuldu. Anahtar sözcükler: Günışığı aydınlanması, güneş ışıması, gökyüzü açıklık endeksi Bilim Dalı Sayısal Kodu: 601.02.07. 54

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    Authors: Taner, T.; KAHRAMAN, NAFİZ; Akbiyik, T.;

    Petroleum-based fuels are used extensively as a result of the rising energy demands. Studies on fuels that will replace these fuels are now ongoing. In this study, performance, emission values of 4 different fuels at 4 different torque values were evaluated, and energy and exergy analyses were done utilizing combinations of gasoline, natural gas, and methanol. The tests employed a Lombardini LGW 523 2-cylinder 4-stroke engine. Four different fuels (gasoline, gasoline plus 50 g of natural gas, M20, and M20 plus 50 g of natural gas) were tested at a constant 3000 rpm with four different torque values (5, 10, 15, 20). In tests, it produced the lowest specific fuel consumption and the best emissions when combined with 50 g of natural gas fuel. The purpose of this study was to show that as torque increased, values for fuel, network, exhaust, absorption water, and energy destruction increased, while rates of lost energy decreased and rates of energy destruction increased.

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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Fuel
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Elsevier TDM
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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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    11
    citations11
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Aksaray University I...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Fuel
      Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Demirci, Mehmet Akif;

    IV ÖZET Bu çalışmada üç bölüm altında endüstriyel firınlara ait incelemeler ve hesaplamalar yapılmıştır. Bu amaçla 1. Bölümde öncelikle değişik endüstriyel firınlar; metal malzemeler için ısıtma firınları, ergitme fırınları, metal kaplama finnlan, cam üretim firınları ve seramik firınları genel başlıkları altlarında incelenerek konstrüksiyon ve çalışma sistemleri anlatılmıştır. 2.Bölümde firınlarda enerji tasarrufunu arttırabilecek yöntemler üzerinde durulmuştur. Bu nedenle öncelikle refrakter ve izolosyon malzemeleri incelenerek en uygun enerji tasarrufu sağlayan ürünlerin özellikleri ve kullanım yöntemleri açıklanmıştır. Daha sonra firınların ısı bilançosunda önemli yer tutan atık ısıların geri kazanım üniteleri incelenerek bu yolla enerji tasarrufu anlatılmıştır. Son olarak da otomatik kontrol üniteleri genel olarak incelenerek firınlara ihtiyaç fazlası enerji yerine ihtiyaç duyulan enerjinin en uygun hangi kontrol sistemi ile sağlanabileceği anlatılmıştır. 3. Bölümde ise halen çalışmakta olduğum işyerinde, dizaynı ve imalatı sorumluluğum altında gerçekleştirilen 300 kg'lık potalı ve elektrik direnç ısıtmalı Alüminyum ergitme firınına ait dizayn esasları, ısıl hesaplar ve rezistans devresine ait hesaplama yöntemi bir örnek olarak verilmiştir. SUMMARY In this project, investigation and calculations about industrial furnaces are being introduced. In this respect, firstly construction and working principles of some industrial furnaces were introduced in section 1 by invastigating them under some main titles such as heating furnaces for metals, melting furnaces, coating furnaces, glass production furnaces and ceramic furnaces. In section 2, Improving methods of the energy saving in industrial furnaces are being explained. In order to do this, by investigating the most suitable refrectory and insulation materials for energy saving, their principles and application methods were explained. Then saving system of waste-heat which has great importance for the heat balance in the furnace was examined. In the end of the section 2, by examining the automatic control units in general the best control systems for furnaces in order to supply exact needed energy to the furnace were explained. Besides, in the last section, as an example, design factors, thermal calculations and resistance system calculations of a crucible furnace for aluminium melting which has crucible of 300 kg Aluminium (BU 300) and which is heated by electric rezistans were given. 117

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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: (Karaoğlu) Çağçağ, Mehtap;

    11 ABSTRACT Masters Thesis THE PRODUCTION OF ETHANOL FROM THE JERUSALEM ARTICHOKES AND THE USAGE POSSIBILITY OF IT AS A STILLAGE Mehtap ÇA?ÇA? (KARAO?LU) Ankara University Graduate School of Natural and Applied Science Department of Food Engineering Supervisor : Prof.Dr.Işıl FİDAN 1994, Page: 28 Jury : Prof.Dr.Işıl FİDAN Prof.Dr.Oguz KILIÇ Assoc. Prof.Dr. İsmail YAVAŞ In this study, ethanol is produced from the Jerusalem artichokes which is grown in Beypazarı is a city of Turkey which grows the 90% of the production of Turkey. In this research Rasse XII, Narince UJ, Kalecik and Steinberg yeasts were used in ethanol production. Rase XII and Steinberg yeasts were more efficient in fermentation. The samples were diluted by using 2 or 3 times of water and it has been founded that there is no significant differences between the samples. For into produce ethanol from Jerusalem artichokes, first step was to change the inulin to the fructose. For this aim two different methods were used. In first process the sample was heated one hour at 100°C, by using pH 2. At the second process the sample was heated two hours at 60-65°C, by using pH 6.2 which is the pH of Jerusalem artichokes. The percentage of fructose at pH 2 was 79.01 % and at pH 6.2 was 77.3 % in dry matter. In the first 11 litres ethanol was produced from the 100 kg. of Jerussalem artichokes, and at he second process 10 litres ethanol was produced from the same amount of Jerussalem artichokes. In the cromotografic consideration of ethanol there is differences in the high alcohol percentages depends on the yeasts. In the alcohol which is produced with the Rasse XII yeast, the proportion of acedaldhyd is 36 mg/1, and the methanol is 335 mg/I, n-prophanol is 122 mg/1, 70 mg/1 i-amylalcohol is obtained. Also with Narince III yeast, 30 mg/1 acedaldehyd, 210 mg/1 methanol 130 mg/1 n prophanol and 520 mg/1 i-amylalcohol was obtained. With the fermentation in which the Kalecik yeast was used, 38 mg/1 acedaldehyd, 215 mg/1 methanol, 122 mg/1 n-prophanol and 484 mg/1 i-amylalcohol was obtained. And with Steinberg yeast 47 mg/1 acedaldehyd, 203 mg/1 methanol, 143 mg/1 n prophanol, and 350 mg/1 i-amylalcohol was produced. KEY WORDS : Inulin, D-fructose, D-glucose, fermentation, ethanol. ÖZET Yüksek Lisans Tezi YERELMASINDAN ETİL ALKOL ÜRETİMİ VE İÇKİ İSPİRTOSU OLARAK KULLANILMA OLANA?I Mehtap ÇA?ÇA? (KARAO?LU) Ankara Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Gıda Mühendisliği Anabilim Dalı Danışman; Prof.Dr.Işıl FİDAN 1994, Sayfa: 28 Jüri : prof.Dr.Işıl FİDAN Prof.Dr.Oğuz KILIÇ Doç.Dr.İsmail YAVAŞ Bu çalışmada Türkiye'de yetiştirilen yerelmasının hemen hemen %90'nın yetiştiği Beypazarı'ndan sağlanan yerelmasında etil alkol üretimi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Üretimde Rasse XII, Narince III, Kalecik ve Steinberg mayalarından yararlanılmış, en iyi verime Rasse XII ve Steinberg mayaları kullanıldığında ulaşılmıştır. 1:3 ve 1:2 oranında seyreltilen mayşelerden sağlanan alkol miktarları arasında büyük bir fark gözlenmemiştir. Etil alkol üretiminde asıl amaç inülinden fruktoz elde etme olmuştur. Bunun için 2 ayrı yöntem denenmiştir. Birincisi pH 2'de 100°C'de 1 saat ısıl işlem, diğeri kendi pH'sında (pH 6.2) 60- 65°C'de 2 saat ısıl işlem olmuştur. Bunların fruktoza dönme oranlan pH 2'de %79.01, pH 6.2'de %77.3 dolayında kalmıştır. Birincide 100 kg yerelmasından 11 1 etil alkol, ikincide ise 10 1 etil alkol sağlanmıştır. Etil alkolün kromatografik incelenmesinde mayaya bağlı olarak yüksek alkol miktarları farklılık göstermektedir. Rasse XII mayası ile fermentasyon sonucu oluşan alkolde 36 mg/1 asetaldehit, 335 mg/1 metanol, 122 mg/1 n-propanot, 470 mg/1 i-amil alkolü elde olunmuş; Narince III mayası ile 30 mg/1 asetaldehit, 210 mg/1 metanol, 130 mg/1 n-propanol, 520 mg/1 i-amil alkolü saptanmış; Kalecik mayası kullanılarak gerçekleştirilen fermentasyon sonucu 38 mg/1 asetaldehit, 215 mg/1 metanol, 122 mg/1 n-propanol, 484 mg/1 i-amil alkole ulaşılmış; Steinberg mayası ile 47 mg/1 asetaldehit, 203 mg/1 metanol, 143 mg/1 n-Propanol, 350 mg/l i-amil alkole ulaşılmıştr. ANAHTAR KELİMELER : înülin, D-fruktoz, D-glukoz, fermentasyon, etil alkol 28

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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Avcı, Ayşegül;

    Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana, 1996. Kaynakça (s. 70-76) var. v, 76(4) s. ; 30 cm. TEZ2238 …

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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Gürer, Ahmet;

    21 ÖZET Bu çalışmada, sıçanlarda deneysel olarak geliştirilen stres (hareketsizlik + soğuk), indometazin, etanol ülserinde, ksantin oksidaz inhibitörü allopurinol ve serbest radikal tutucusu SOD'nin etkileri ve serbest oksijen radikallerinin stres, indometazin ve etanol ülseri gelişimindeki rolleri araştırılmıştır. Hareketsizlik + soğuk stresi uygulanan grupta ülser skoru (mm.) 20.0±3.8 olarak bulunurken, önceden allopurinol uygulanan sıçanlarda ülser skoru 9.8+1.3 olarak belirlenmiş ve her iki grubun değerleri birbiriyle karşılaştırıldığında fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur (p<0,001). SOD verilen ayrı bir grupta ise ülser skoru 13.4±2.4 olarak belirlenmiştir. Ülser kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırıldığında SOD'nin ülser gelişimini istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir şekilde (p<0,001) önlediği sap tanmıştır. İndometazin verilen sıçanlarda ülser skorunun 22.4±2.8mm. olduğu gözlenmiştir. İndomatezin verilme den önce allopurinol verilen grupta ülser skorunun 13.5±2.4, SOD verilen grupta ise ülser skorunun 7. 6±1. 3 mm. olduğu belirlenmiştir. Kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırıldığında, allopurinolün ve SOD'nin ülser gelişimini istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede22 (p<0,001) olarak azalttığı saptanmıştır. Ayrıca SOD ve Allopurinol uygulanan gruplar birbirleri ile karşılaştırıldığında SOD ' nin allopurinolden daha etkin bir şekilde lezyon gelişmesini engellediği belirlenmiştir. % 40 v/v etanol uygulanan sıçanlarda ülser skoru 23,8±5/9 olarak saptanmıştır. Allopurinol uygulanan grupta allopurinolün ülser gelişimini anlamlı olarak azalttığı (P<0,001); ülser skorunun 12.8±2.2 olduğu gözlenmiştir. SOD verilen grupta ise ülser skoru 18.7±4.8 olarak belirlenmiş ve kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırıldığında farkın istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olmadığı (p>0,005) saptanmıştır. Bu çalışmadaki çıkarımımız; stres ülserinde ksantin oksidaz ve lipoksi jenaz, indometazin ülserinde esas olarak lipoksijenaz ve daha az olarak ksantin oksidaz, etanol ülserinde ksantin oksidaz aracılığı ile oluşan serbest oksijen radikallerinin lezyon gelişiminde önemli rol oynadığını telkin ettiği şeklindedir. Sonuç olarak; deneysel oluşturulan stres, indometazin ve etanol ülserinde serbest oksijen radikallerinin de diğer hümoral mediyatörler yanında lezyon gelişmesinde önemli rolü olduğu ileri sürülebilir. 29

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    Authors: Vatansever, Mehmet;

    Tourism is an industry that has started to rise rapidly in recent years. Thus, there has been a tendency towards different tourism types rather than mass tourism in order to spread tourism on every day of the year. By this way, there has been an increasing interest in the developing alternative tourism types and these tourism types have started to be evaluated within the frame of sustainability. Alternative tourism types increase people's interest in unexplored natural environments and make these regions a destination, which has brought up the issue of protecting the regions and realizing tourism activities there. As long as tourism activities in these regions are carried out within the scope of eco-tourism; the richnesses and natural diversity of the regions will be protected and the local people will develop socio-economically. This study examines all the richnesses and potential tourism types in Bird Sanctuary on the Kızılırmak Delta and includes the opinions and suggestions of relevant shareholders regarding the problems of the region. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with relevant shareholders and their opinions about the tourism supply and sustainability of the region were received. As a result of the study, it was determined that available touristic and social facilities in the region were inadequate, infra and super structures in the region needed to be developed and a greater importance had to be attached to advertising activities. In addition, it was concluded that shareholders were highly positive and excited about protecting the beauties of the Kızılırmak Delta and providing its sustainability by including the delta in the permanent heritage list of UNESCO Turizm son zamanlarda hızla yükselişe geçen bir endüstridir. Bu nedenle turizmin yılın her gününe yayılması amacı ile kitle turizminden farklı turizm türlerine yönelim başlamıştır. Bu sayede gelişen alternatif turizm türlerine olan ilgi artmış ve bu turizm türleri sürdürülebilirlik çerçevesinde değerlendirilmeye başlanmıştır. Alternatif turizm türleri ile birlikte insanların keşfedilmemiş doğal ortamlara olan ilgisinin artması ve bu bölgelerin destinasyon olarak kullanımı, bölgelerin korunarak turizm faaliyetlerinin gerçekleştirilmesi konusunu gündeme getirmiştir. Bu bölgelerde gerçekleştirilen turizm faaliyetleri eko-turizm kapsamında gerçekleştirilirse, yöre halkının zenginliği, doğal çeşitliliği ve sosyo-ekonomik kalkınmasının korunmasına katkıda bulunacaktır.Bu çalışma ile Kızılırmak Delta Kuş Cenneti'nin tüm zenginlikleri ve gelişebilecek turizm türleri incelenmiş ve bölge ile ilgili paydaşların görüş ve önerileri verilmiştir. Bu konuda paydaşlarla yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler yapıldı ve bölgenin turizm arzını ve sürdürülebilirliğini sağlamak için görüş alındı. Araştırmanın sonucunda bölgede mevcut turistik ve sosyal tesislerin yetersiz olduğu, bölgedeki alt ve üst yapıların geliştirilmesi gerektiği, tanıtım faaliyetlerine daha çok önem verilmesi gerektiği sonuçlarına ulaşılmıştır. Ayrıca Kızılırmak Deltası'nın sahip olduğu güzelliklerin el değmeden korunması ve UNESCO kalıcı miras listesine girmesiyle sürdürülebilirliğin sağlanması hususunda paydaşların oldukça olumlu ve heyecanlı oldukları sonuçlarına da ulaşılmıştır. 96

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    Authors: Sarabia Escrivà, Emilio José; Soto Francés, Víctor Manuel; Pinazo Ojer, José Manuel; Acha, Salvador;

    [EN] The objective of this article is to compare the behaviour of the most representative domestic hot water systems (DHW) in single-family buildings. The study evaluates the energy consumption, equivalent CO2 emissions and cost for each system over a 15-year life period. This analysis is carried out in four cli- matic zones across Europe to observe the influence of climatic conditions on the results. The four climatic zones are located in the cities of Athens, Madrid, London and Berlin. The analysed systems are: a) natural gas-fired instantaneous water heaters, b) electric storage water heater, c) solar thermal system with gas- fired instantaneous, d) solar thermal system with electric storage water heater, e) air-source heat pump, f) photovoltaic system with electric storage water heater, and g) photovoltaic system with air-source heat pump. This range of technologies covers the most likely solutions to be implemented across domestic buildings in Europe.The heat pump system (HPWH) with PV considering self-consumption shows the lowest environmen- tal impact in all zones, but is not an attractive investment in the coldest zones due to lower natural gas prices. Thermal solar systems have a high purchase and maintenance costs which do not compensate their energy savings. The PV HPWH system has a greater reduction of emissions and a lower cost than HPWH across a 15-year life. The gas boiler system has the lowest cost in a 15-year period in the coldest areas, despite having a greater environmental impact than the heat pump.(c) 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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    RiuNet
    Article . 2023
    License: CC BY NC ND
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    Energy and Buildings
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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      Energy and Buildings
      Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Haug, Alfred Albert; Ucal, Meltem Şengün;

    Abstract This paper examines the effects of foreign trade and foreign direct investment (FDI) on CO 2 emissions in Turkey. We consider linear and nonlinear ARDL models and find significant asymmetric effects of exports, imports and FDI on CO 2 emissions per capita. However, FDI has no statistically significant long-run effects. In the long run, decreases in exports reduce CO 2 emissions per capita but increases in exports have no statistically significant effects. Increases in imports push up CO 2 emissions per capita, while decreases in imports have no long-run effects. On the other hand, CO 2 intensity, which measures CO 2 emissions per unit of energy, is not influenced by exports and imports, nor by FDI. Instead, it is affected positively by financial development and urbanization. Also, we find that an environmental Kuznets curve is present for both CO 2 measures so that increases in real GDP per capita have led to reductions in CO 2 emissions for at least the most recent decade, controlling for other confounding factors. Furthermore, the sectoral shares of CO 2 emissions in total CO 2 emissions change asymmetrically with foreign trade for two of four sectors, with export increases leading to lower CO 2 shares and imports having the opposite effect.

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    Energy Economics
    Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
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      Energy Economics
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    Authors: Yiwei Hu; Benlei Wang; Zhanghua Wu; Jianying Hu; +2 Authors

    Thermoacoustic technology emerges as a sustainable and low-carbon method for energy conversion, leveraging environmentally friendly working mediums and independence from electricity. This study presents the development of a multimode heat-driven thermoacoustic system designed to utilize medium/low-grade heat sources for room-temperature cooling and heating. We constructed both a simulation model and an experimental prototype for a single-unit direct-coupled thermoacoustic system, exploring its performance in heating-only, cooling-only, and hybrid heating and cooling modes. Internal characteristic analysis including an examination of internal exergy loss and a distribution analysis of key parameters was first conducted in the hybrid cooling and heating mode. The results indicated a positive-focused traveling-wave-dominant acoustic field within the thermoacoustic core unit, enhancing energy conversion efficiency. The output system performance was subsequently tested under different working conditions in the heating-only and cooling-only modes. A maximum output heating power of 2.3 kW and a maximum COPh of 1.41 were observed in the heating-only mode. Meanwhile, a cooling power of 748 W and a COPc of 0.4 were obtained in the typical cooling condition at 7 °C when operating in cooling-only mode. These findings underscore the promising potential of thermoacoustic systems for efficiently utilizing medium/low-grade heat sources for cooling and/or heating applications in the future.

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    Applied Physics Letters
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Hasdemir, Birol;

    ABSTRACT A NEW METHOD FOR THE ESTIMATION OF LACKING DAYLIGHT ILLUMINATION DATA BY USING AVAILABLE METEOROLOGICAL DATA IN TURKEY HASDEMIR, Birol Ph.D. in Building Sciences, Architecture Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Ahmet ECEVIT January, 1995, 54 pages. For the prediction of lacking daylight availability data in Turkey, the ratio of hourly variation of terrestrial total illumination to the simultaneous extraterrestrial illumination and hourly luminous efficacy of terrestrial total solar radiation was related to the hourly average clearness index, and solar altitude angle under overcast, partly cloudy and clear sky conditions of Ankara. Empirical daylight illumination prediction equations were constructed, their validity was tested by using overcast, partly cloudy and clear sky daylight illumination data measured at Gaithersburg-Maryland (USA). The validation test results are also presented in terms of mean biased (MBE), mean absolute biased (MABE) and root mean square errors (RMSE). Keywords: Daylight illumination, solar radiation, clearness index. Science Code: 601.02.07. Ill Öz TÜRKİYE'DE EKSİK OLAN GÜNIŞI?I AYDINLANMA VERİLERİNİN, MEVCUT GÜNEŞ IŞIMA VERİLERİ KULLANILARAK TAHMİNİ İÇİN YENİ BİR YÖNTEM HASDEMİR, Birol Doktora tezi, Yapı Bilimleri, Mimarlık Ana Bilim Dalı Tez Yöneticisi: Prof. Dr. Ahmet ECEVİT Ocak, 1995, 54 Sayfa. Türkiye'de eksik olan günışığı aydınlanma verilerinin tahmini için, Ankara'nın kapalı, parçalı bulutlu ve açık gökyüzü koşullarında, eş zamanlı saatlik toplam yeryüzü ve atmosfer dışı günışığı aydınlanma oranları ve yeryüzündeki saatlik toplam güneş ışınımının ışık etkinliği, güneşin yükseliş açısı ve saatlik gökyüzü açıklık endeksine ilişkilendirildi. Türetilen ampirik günışığı aydınlanması tahmin denklemlerinin geçerliliği, Gaithersburg-Maryland (ABD) de kapalı, parçalı bulutlu ve açık gökyüzü koşullarında ölçülen günışığı aydınlanma verileri kullanılarak test edildi. Geçerlilik test sonuçları MBE, MABE ve RMSE cinsinden sunuldu. Anahtar sözcükler: Günışığı aydınlanması, güneş ışıması, gökyüzü açıklık endeksi Bilim Dalı Sayısal Kodu: 601.02.07. 54

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    Authors: Taner, T.; KAHRAMAN, NAFİZ; Akbiyik, T.;

    Petroleum-based fuels are used extensively as a result of the rising energy demands. Studies on fuels that will replace these fuels are now ongoing. In this study, performance, emission values of 4 different fuels at 4 different torque values were evaluated, and energy and exergy analyses were done utilizing combinations of gasoline, natural gas, and methanol. The tests employed a Lombardini LGW 523 2-cylinder 4-stroke engine. Four different fuels (gasoline, gasoline plus 50 g of natural gas, M20, and M20 plus 50 g of natural gas) were tested at a constant 3000 rpm with four different torque values (5, 10, 15, 20). In tests, it produced the lowest specific fuel consumption and the best emissions when combined with 50 g of natural gas fuel. The purpose of this study was to show that as torque increased, values for fuel, network, exhaust, absorption water, and energy destruction increased, while rates of lost energy decreased and rates of energy destruction increased.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Aksaray University I...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Fuel
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Elsevier TDM
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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Aksaray University I...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Fuel
      Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
      License: Elsevier TDM
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: Demirci, Mehmet Akif;

    IV ÖZET Bu çalışmada üç bölüm altında endüstriyel firınlara ait incelemeler ve hesaplamalar yapılmıştır. Bu amaçla 1. Bölümde öncelikle değişik endüstriyel firınlar; metal malzemeler için ısıtma firınları, ergitme fırınları, metal kaplama finnlan, cam üretim firınları ve seramik firınları genel başlıkları altlarında incelenerek konstrüksiyon ve çalışma sistemleri anlatılmıştır. 2.Bölümde firınlarda enerji tasarrufunu arttırabilecek yöntemler üzerinde durulmuştur. Bu nedenle öncelikle refrakter ve izolosyon malzemeleri incelenerek en uygun enerji tasarrufu sağlayan ürünlerin özellikleri ve kullanım yöntemleri açıklanmıştır. Daha sonra firınların ısı bilançosunda önemli yer tutan atık ısıların geri kazanım üniteleri incelenerek bu yolla enerji tasarrufu anlatılmıştır. Son olarak da otomatik kontrol üniteleri genel olarak incelenerek firınlara ihtiyaç fazlası enerji yerine ihtiyaç duyulan enerjinin en uygun hangi kontrol sistemi ile sağlanabileceği anlatılmıştır. 3. Bölümde ise halen çalışmakta olduğum işyerinde, dizaynı ve imalatı sorumluluğum altında gerçekleştirilen 300 kg'lık potalı ve elektrik direnç ısıtmalı Alüminyum ergitme firınına ait dizayn esasları, ısıl hesaplar ve rezistans devresine ait hesaplama yöntemi bir örnek olarak verilmiştir. SUMMARY In this project, investigation and calculations about industrial furnaces are being introduced. In this respect, firstly construction and working principles of some industrial furnaces were introduced in section 1 by invastigating them under some main titles such as heating furnaces for metals, melting furnaces, coating furnaces, glass production furnaces and ceramic furnaces. In section 2, Improving methods of the energy saving in industrial furnaces are being explained. In order to do this, by investigating the most suitable refrectory and insulation materials for energy saving, their principles and application methods were explained. Then saving system of waste-heat which has great importance for the heat balance in the furnace was examined. In the end of the section 2, by examining the automatic control units in general the best control systems for furnaces in order to supply exact needed energy to the furnace were explained. Besides, in the last section, as an example, design factors, thermal calculations and resistance system calculations of a crucible furnace for aluminium melting which has crucible of 300 kg Aluminium (BU 300) and which is heated by electric rezistans were given. 117

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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao YÖK Açık Bilim - CoH...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: (Karaoğlu) Çağçağ, Mehtap;

    11 ABSTRACT Masters Thesis THE PRODUCTION OF ETHANOL FROM THE JERUSALEM ARTICHOKES AND THE USAGE POSSIBILITY OF IT AS A STILLAGE Mehtap ÇA?ÇA? (KARAO?LU) Ankara University Graduate School of Natural and Applied Science Department of Food Engineering Supervisor : Prof.Dr.Işıl FİDAN 1994, Page: 28 Jury : Prof.Dr.Işıl FİDAN Prof.Dr.Oguz KILIÇ Assoc. Prof.Dr. İsmail YAVAŞ In this study, ethanol is produced from the Jerusalem artichokes which is grown in Beypazarı is a city of Turkey which grows the 90% of the production of Turkey. In this research Rasse XII, Narince UJ, Kalecik and Steinberg yeasts were used in ethanol production. Rase XII and Steinberg yeasts were more efficient in fermentation. The samples were diluted by using 2 or 3 times of water and it has been founded that there is no significant differences between the samples. For into produce ethanol from Jerusalem artichokes, first step was to change the inulin to the fructose. For this aim two different methods were used. In first process the sample was heated one hour at 100°C, by using pH 2. At the second process the sample was heated two hours at 60-65°C, by using pH 6.2 which is the pH of Jerusalem artichokes. The percentage of fructose at pH 2 was 79.01 % and at pH 6.2 was 77.3 % in dry matter. In the first 11 litres ethanol was produced from the 100 kg. of Jerussalem artichokes, and at he second process 10 litres ethanol was produced from the same amount of Jerussalem artichokes. In the cromotografic consideration of ethanol there is differences in the high alcohol percentages depends on the yeasts. In the alcohol which is produced with the Rasse XII yeast, the proportion of acedaldhyd is 36 mg/1, and the methanol is 335 mg/I, n-prophanol is 122 mg/1, 70 mg/1 i-amylalcohol is obtained. Also with Narince III yeast, 30 mg/1 acedaldehyd, 210 mg/1 methanol 130 mg/1 n prophanol and 520 mg/1 i-amylalcohol was obtained. With the fermentation in which the Kalecik yeast was used, 38 mg/1 acedaldehyd, 215 mg/1 methanol, 122 mg/1 n-prophanol and 484 mg/1 i-amylalcohol was obtained. And with Steinberg yeast 47 mg/1 acedaldehyd, 203 mg/1 methanol, 143 mg/1 n prophanol, and 350 mg/1 i-amylalcohol was produced. KEY WORDS : Inulin, D-fructose, D-glucose, fermentation, ethanol. ÖZET Yüksek Lisans Tezi YERELMASINDAN ETİL ALKOL ÜRETİMİ VE İÇKİ İSPİRTOSU OLARAK KULLANILMA OLANA?I Mehtap ÇA?ÇA? (KARAO?LU) Ankara Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Gıda Mühendisliği Anabilim Dalı Danışman; Prof.Dr.Işıl FİDAN 1994, Sayfa: 28 Jüri : prof.Dr.Işıl FİDAN Prof.Dr.Oğuz KILIÇ Doç.Dr.İsmail YAVAŞ Bu çalışmada Türkiye'de yetiştirilen yerelmasının hemen hemen %90'nın yetiştiği Beypazarı'ndan sağlanan yerelmasında etil alkol üretimi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Üretimde Rasse XII, Narince III, Kalecik ve Steinberg mayalarından yararlanılmış, en iyi verime Rasse XII ve Steinberg mayaları kullanıldığında ulaşılmıştır. 1:3 ve 1:2 oranında seyreltilen mayşelerden sağlanan alkol miktarları arasında büyük bir fark gözlenmemiştir. Etil alkol üretiminde asıl amaç inülinden fruktoz elde etme olmuştur. Bunun için 2 ayrı yöntem denenmiştir. Birincisi pH 2'de 100°C'de 1 saat ısıl işlem, diğeri kendi pH'sında (pH 6.2) 60- 65°C'de 2 saat ısıl işlem olmuştur. Bunların fruktoza dönme oranlan pH 2'de %79.01, pH 6.2'de %77.3 dolayında kalmıştır. Birincide 100 kg yerelmasından 11 1 etil alkol, ikincide ise 10 1 etil alkol sağlanmıştır. Etil alkolün kromatografik incelenmesinde mayaya bağlı olarak yüksek alkol miktarları farklılık göstermektedir. Rasse XII mayası ile fermentasyon sonucu oluşan alkolde 36 mg/1 asetaldehit, 335 mg/1 metanol, 122 mg/1 n-propanot, 470 mg/1 i-amil alkolü elde olunmuş; Narince III mayası ile 30 mg/1 asetaldehit, 210 mg/1 metanol, 130 mg/1 n-propanol, 520 mg/1 i-amil alkolü saptanmış; Kalecik mayası kullanılarak gerçekleştirilen fermentasyon sonucu 38 mg/1 asetaldehit, 215 mg/1 metanol, 122 mg/1 n-propanol, 484 mg/1 i-amil alkole ulaşılmış; Steinberg mayası ile 47 mg/1 asetaldehit, 203 mg/1 metanol, 143 mg/1 n-Propanol, 350 mg/l i-amil alkole ulaşılmıştr. ANAHTAR KELİMELER : înülin, D-fruktoz, D-glukoz, fermentasyon, etil alkol 28

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