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The potential for global forest cover The restoration of forested land at a global scale could help capture atmospheric carbon and mitigate climate change. Bastin et al. used direct measurements of forest cover to generate a model of forest restoration potential across the globe (see the Perspective by Chazdon and Brancalion). Their spatially explicit maps show how much additional tree cover could exist outside of existing forests and agricultural and urban land. Ecosystems could support an additional 0.9 billion hectares of continuous forest. This would represent a greater than 25% increase in forested area, including more than 200 gigatonnes of additional carbon at maturity.Such a change has the potential to store an equivalent of 25% of the current atmospheric carbon pool. Science , this issue p. 76 ; see also p. 24

This document collects the summaries of the interviews carried out with various stakeholders in the Requena-Utiel region from March to October 2021. The topics covered in these interviews focused on the governance of the aquifer, the creation of the Central Board of Users of the Requena-Utiel Underground Mass and the relationships between the different users, their perception of the quantitative and qualitative state of the aquifer and the future actions to take for sustainable management. The questionnaire written by the team from Bo��azi��i University, Turkey, was taken into account when preparing the interviews. This project is part of the PRIMA Programme supported by the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under Grant Agreement No 1923.

Actuellement, les installations CAD sont souvent surdimensionnées par manque de connaissance pour garantir les besoins thermiques de tous les clients. Ce dimensionnement se fait pour un point de fonctionnement à la puissance maximale, puissance à fournir seulement de 1 à 5 jours par an. Une optimisation énergétique grâce à un logiciel pourrait permettre une économie des matières premières des conduites, des déperditions thermiques et de temps lié au dimensionnement. Le but de ce projet est de développer un algorithme itératif en C++, afin de calculer les pertes de charge en régime laminaire et turbulent selon le besoin de chaleur des clients dans un réseau ramifié. L’algorithme considère le réseau comme un arbre composé des points, selon un fichier d’entrée XML. Afin de simplifier la structure, seule la conduite d’aller est considérée. En plus seuls les points des divisons ou des consommateurs sont considérés comme importants dans une première version du Solver. Ces derniers sont nommés feuilles. Les entrées sont principalement l’énergie consommée par chaque sous-station, les longueurs des conduites, les propriétés des conduites et les températures d’aller et de retour du réseau. Les sorties du Solver se trouvent sous forme de fichier texte : débit, vitesse de l’écoulement, perte de charge, différence de température pour chaque branche, température et pression à chaque feuille. L’outil développé très simplifié permet d’imprimer les résultats pour chaque feuille principale dans la conduite d’aller et la visualiser dans QGIS. L’algorithme a été testé sur un cas d’étude réelle. Le résultat du Solver par rapport au tableur Excel actuellement employé par un bureau d’ingénieur a pu montrer son potentiel de précision et sa vitesse de résolution. Tous les résultats visuels sont cohérents par rapport aux résultats calculés.

In this study we evaluate the skill of a new, merged soil moisture product (ECV_SM) that has been developed in the framework of the European Space Agency's Water Cycle Multi-mission Observation Strategy and Climate Change Initiative projects. The product combines in a synergistic way the soil moisture retrievals from four passive (SMMR, SSM/I, TMI, and AMSR-E) and two active (ERS AMI and ASCAT) coarse resolution microwave sensors into a global data set spanning the period 1979-2010. The evaluation uses ground-based soil moisture observations of 596 sites from 28 historical and active monitoring networks worldwide. Besides providing conventional measures of agreement, we use the triple collocation technique to assess random errors in the data set. The average Spearman correlation coefficient between ECV_SM and all in-situ observations is 0.46 for the absolute values and 0.36 for the soil moisture anomalies, but differences between networks and time periods are very large. Unbiased root-mean-square differences and triple collocation errors show less variation between networks, with average values around 0.05 and 0.04m3m-3, respectively. The ECV_SM quality shows an upward trend over time, but a consistent decrease of all performance metrics is observed for the period 2007-2010. Comparing the skill of the merged product with the skill of the individual input products shows that the merged product has a similar or better performance than the individual input products, except with regard to the ASCAT product, compared to which the performance of ECV_SM is inferior. The cause of the latter is most likely a combination of the mismatch in sampling time between the satellite observations and in-situ measurements, and the resampling and scaling strategy used to integrate the ASCAT product into ECV_SM on the other. The results of this study will be used to further improve the scaling and merging algorithms for future product updates.

This study is a follow-up on the the implementation of a business model, which was created in a co-creation process between two universities and an established SME specialized in monitoring municipal and industrial water distribution systems.. A shared collaboration sustainability innovation project between two universities and SME company on research, development and innovation context results was analyzed. A product was innovated for water systems monitoring service's needs and generated from two universities and SMEs shared RDI pilot. Authors elaborate findings for commercialization possibilities success factors and challenges for the co-creation concept. Evaluation criteria used are implementation feasibility and environmental & economical value. InTo tool is utilized for after commercialization phase to evaluate business model in this case study. Literature review focuses on collaboration enhanced sustainability innovations, which is used as comparison frame. Authors suggest efficient actions for collaborative innovation and hurdles to stay away for smooth environmental area innovation commercialization.

This report provides information on energy demand profiles and commercial aspects relevant to the end-users involved in the ASTEP project.

Abstract In this paper, the simplified algorithm for prediction of insulation status of high-voltage asynchronous machine stator coil is presented. It also pointed out the simple way of determining the lifetime coefficient of the stator insulation of high-voltage asynchronous machine. The presented methods are based on the law on the increasing probability of electrical discharge that arises from the rule of independent probabilities multiplication. The experiments were performed on samples taken from new and used windings. The experiments were also carried out on entirely new and used windings. The statistical processing of the experimental results was with high statistical reliability, and a combined measurement uncertainty was satisfactory. The satisfactory results have been obtained that enable replacing the expensive and time-consuming testing in the construction phase of the high-voltage asynchronous machine, as well as the testing during the machine's operation, with much shorter and economical tests, while the reliability of the results remains unchanged.

Lignocellulosic biomass from agriculture wastes is a potential source of biofuel, but its use is currently limited by the recalcitrance of the plant cell wall to enzymatic digestion. Modification of the wall structural components can be a viable strategy to overcome this bottleneck. We have previously shown that the expression of a fungal polygalacturonase (pga2 from Aspergillus niger) in Arabidopsis and tobacco plants reduces the levels of de-esterified homogalacturonan in the cell wall and significantly increases saccharification efficiency. However, plants expressing pga2 show stunted growth and reduced biomass production, likely as a consequence of an extensive loss of pectin integrity during the whole plant life cycle. We report here that the expression in Arabidopsis of another pectic enzyme, the pectate lyase 1 (PL1) of Pectobacterium carotovorum, under the control of a chemically inducible promoter, results, after induction of the transgene, in a saccharification efficiency similar to that of plants expressing pga2. However, lines with high levels of transgene induction show reduced growth even in the absence of the inducer. To overcome the problem of plant fitness, we have generated Arabidopsis plants that express pga2 under the control of the promoter of SAG12, a gene expressed only during senescence. These plants expressed pga2 only at late stages of development, and their growth was comparable to that of WT plants. Notably, leaves and stems of transgenic plants were more easily digested by cellulase, compared to WT plants, only during senescence. Expression of cell wall-degrading enzymes at the end of the plant life cycle may be therefore a useful strategy to engineer crops unimpaired in biomass yield but improved for bioconversion.