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Research data keyboard_double_arrow_right Dataset 2022Embargo end date: 11 Nov 2022Publisher:Dryad Plot design and harvesting Twelve sampling plots (16 m × 16 m) in three P. deltoides plantations were established based on systematic random design. To minimize edge effects, surrounding rows were not considered during sampling. The age of the stands was 18-20 years old. In each sampling plot, the DBH (diameter at breast height 1.3 m above the ground) of the individual trees was measured with a caliper in two perpendicular directions and the mean DBH determined. Tree height was measured by Haglöf-Vertex IV hypsometer. Based on the DBH and height measurements, 10 DBH classes from 15 to 42 cm (3 cm intervals) were established. The value of each DBH class represented the central value (i.e., class 15 included all DBH from 12.5 to 17.5 cm). In each DBH class, one representative tree was selected and harvested for a total of 10 P. deltoides trees. Measurements of bark percentagesThe stems of harvested trees were marked and cut into 2 m-segments. The mid-length diameter of each segment was measured outside the bark in two perpendicular directions with a caliper to determine the mean diameter. A 5 cm-thick disc was cut from the middle of each segment. A total of 123 discs were obtained and brought to the laboratory. All the discs were arranged into 2-cm wide diameter classes. The value of each disc class represents the central value (i.e., class 20 included all discs whose diameters ranged from 19.5 to 20.5 cm). Bark was separated from the wood using a peeler knife for each disc. Fresh bark and wood were weighted separately, oven-dried at 80 °C until constant weight, and the oven-dry weight measured. The bark percentage of each disc was considered as bark percentage of a 2 m-segment for fresh and dry weight. Finally, the bark percentage of the whole stem in each DBH class was calculated by adding the 2 m-segments. Bark biomass as an energy source has a high economic value. Bark content variations and production helps recognize the potential of this bioenergy source spatially before harvesting. The percentage of fresh and dry bark in Populus deltoides grown under a monoculture system was examined in the temperate region of northern Iran. Diameter at breast height (DBH) and total height data were analyzed based on an initial inventory. Ten sample trees were felled, separated into 2 m-segments, and weighted in the field. A 5-cm-thick disc from each segment was extracted for determining fresh and dry bark percentages. These were statistically significantly different in disc diameter classes and decreased with increasing disc diameters. Bark percentage of the disc classes ranged from 21.8 to 24.4% in small-sized diameters to 8.1‒9.3% in large-sized diameters. The differences between fresh and dry bark percentages depended on water content variations. Allometric power equations were fitted to data of fresh and dry bark percentages and disc diameters as well as DBH. The values of R2 ranged from 0.89 to 0.90. In addition, allometric power equations provided the best fits for relationships between total stem dry biomass, dry bark biomass, and DBH, R2 = 0.986 and 0.979 for the total stem dry biomass and stem dry bark biomass, respectively. The allometric models can be used to estimate bark percentage and bark production of P. deltoides in segments and for the whole stem for a wide range of segment diameters (8‒44 cm) and DBH (15‒45 cm).
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euResearch data keyboard_double_arrow_right Dataset 2022Embargo end date: 13 Apr 2022Publisher:Dryad Authors:Gao, Guang;
Gao, Guang
Gao, Guang in OpenAIREBeardall, John;
Jin, Peng; Gao, Lin; +2 AuthorsBeardall, John
Beardall, John in OpenAIREGao, Guang;
Gao, Guang
Gao, Guang in OpenAIREBeardall, John;
Jin, Peng; Gao, Lin; Xie, Shuyu; Gao, Kunshan;Beardall, John
Beardall, John in OpenAIREThe atmosphere concentration of CO2 is steadily increasing and causing climate change. To achieve the Paris 1.5 or 2 oC target, negative emissions technologies must be deployed in addition to reducing carbon emissions. The ocean is a large carbon sink but the potential of marine primary producers to contribute to carbon neutrality remains unclear. Here we review the alterations to carbon capture and sequestration of marine primary producers (including traditional ‘blue carbon’ plants, microalgae, and macroalgae) in the Anthropocene, and, for the first time, assess and compare the potential of various marine primary producers to carbon neutrality and climate change mitigation via biogeoengineering approaches. The contributions of marine primary producers to carbon sequestration have been decreasing in the Anthropocene due to the decrease in biomass driven by direct anthropogenic activities and climate change. The potential of blue carbon plants (mangroves, saltmarshes, and seagrasses) is limited by the available areas for their revegetation. Microalgae appear to have a large potential due to their ubiquity but how to enhance their carbon sequestration efficiency is very complex and uncertain. On the other hand, macroalgae can play an essential role in mitigating climate change through extensive offshore cultivation due to higher carbon sequestration capacity and substantial available areas. This approach seems both technically and economically feasible due to the development of offshore aquaculture and a well-established market for macroalgal products. Synthesis and applications: This paper provides new insights and suggests promising directions for utilizing marine primary producers to achieve the Paris temperature target. We propose that macroalgae cultivation can play an essential role in attaining carbon neutrality and climate change mitigation, although its ecological impacts need to be assessed further. To calculate the parameters presented in Table 1, the relevant keywords "mangroves, salt marshes, macroalgae, microalgae, global area, net primary productivity, CO2 sequestration" were searched through the ISI Web of Science and Google Scholar in July 2021. Recent data published after 2010 were collected and used since area and productivity of plants change with decade. For data with limited availability, such as net primary productivity (NPP) of seagrasses and global area and NPP of wild macroalgae, data collection was extended back to 1980. Total NPP and CO2 sequestration for mangroves, salt marshes, seagrasses and wild macroalgae were obtained by the multiplication of area and NPP/CO2 sequestration density and subjected to error propagation analysis. Data were expressed as means ± standard error.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euResearch data keyboard_double_arrow_right Dataset 2023Embargo end date: 20 Apr 2023Publisher:Dryad doi: 10.25338/b8w93s
This work models a last-mile network design problem for an e-retailer with a capacitated two-echelon distribution structure - typical in e-retail last-mile distribution, catering to a market with a stochastic and dynamic daily customer demand requesting delivery within time-windows. Considering the distribution evnironment, this work formulates last-mile network design problem for this e-retailer as a dynamic-stochastic two capacitated location routing problem with time-windows. In doing so, this work splits the last-mile network design problem into its constituent strategic, tactical, and operational decisions. Here, the strategic decisions undertake long-term planning to develop a distribution structure with appropriate distribution facilities and a suitable delivery fleet to service the expected customer demand in the planning horizon. The tactical decisions pertain to medium-term day-to-day planning of last-mile delivery operations to establish efficient goods flow in this distribution structure to service the daily stochastic customer demand. And finally, operational decisions involve immediate short-term planning to fine-tune this last-mile delivery to service the requests arriving dynamically through the day. Note, the last-mile network design problem formulated as a location routing problem constitutes three subproblems encompassing facility location problem, customer allocation problem, and vehicle routing problem, each of which are NP-hard combinatorial optimization problems. To this end, this work develops an adaptive large neighborhood search meta-heuristic algorithm that searches through the neighborhood by destroying and consequently repairing the solution thereby reconfiguring large portions of the solution with specific operators that are chosen adaptively in each iteration of the algorithm, hence the name adaptive large neighborhood search. Further, considering the stochastic and dynamic nature of the delivery environment, this work develops a Monte-Carlo framework simulating each day in the planning horizon, with each day divided into 1-hr timeslots, and with each time-slot accepting customer requests for service by the end of the day. In particular, the framework assumes the e-retailer will delay route commitments until the last-feasible time-slot to accumulate customer requests and consequently assign them to an uncommitted delivery route. Note, a delivery route is committed once the e-retailer starts loading packages assigned to this delivery route onto the delivery vehicle assigned for this delivery route. At the end of every time-slot then, this framework assumes the e-retailer integrates the new customer requests by inserting these customer nodes into such uncommitted delivery routes in a manner that results in the least increase in distribution cost keeping the customer-distribution facility allocation fixed. Thus, the framework iterates through the time-slots with the e-retailer processing route commitments, accumulating customer requests, and subsequently integrating them into the delivery operations for the day. E-commerce has the potential to make urban goods flow economically viable, environmentally efficient, and socially equitable. However, as e-retailers compete with increasingly consumer-focused services, urban freight witnesses a significant increase in associated distribution costs and negative externalities particularly affecting those living close to logistics clusters. Hence, to remain competitive, e-retailers deploy alternate last-mile distribution strategies. These alternate strategies, such as those that include use of electric delivery trucks for last-mile operations, a fleet of crowdsourced drivers for last-mile delivery, consolidation facilities coupled with light-duty delivery vehicles for a multi-echelon distribution, or collection points for customer pickup, can restore sustainable urban goods flow. Thus, in this study, the authors investigate the opportunities and challenges associated with such alternate last-mile distribution strategies for an e-retailer offering expedited service with rush delivery within strict timeframes. To this end, the authors formulate a last-mile network design (LMND) problem as a dynamic-stochastic two-echelon capacitated location routing problem with time-windows (DS-2E-C-LRP-TW) addressed with an adaptive large neighborhood search (ALNS) metaheuristic.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euResearch data keyboard_double_arrow_right Dataset 2024Publisher:Zenodo Authors:Pflüger, Mika;
Pflüger, Mika
Pflüger, Mika in OpenAIREGütschow, Johannes;
Gütschow, Johannes
Gütschow, Johannes in OpenAIREDataset containing all greenhouse gas emissions data submitted by countries under climate change convention (including CRF data) as published by the UNFCCC secretariat at 2024-07-05. Changes in this version compared to version 2024-07-04: No data changes. Provide the full dataset as a single parquet file instead of a collection of parquet files in a zip file. The dataset is also available via datalad. To obtain the dataset with datalad, see the instructions at https://github.com/mikapfl/unfccc_di_data .
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visibility 210visibility views 210 download downloads 156 Powered bymore_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euResearch data keyboard_double_arrow_right Dataset 2023Publisher:Zenodo Authors: Hachaichi Mohamed;Cities are progressively heightening their climate aspirations to curtail urban carbon emis- sions and establish a future where economies and communities can flourish within the Earth’s eco- logical limits. Consequently, numerous climate initiatives are being launched to control urban car- bon emissions, targeting various sectors, including transport, residential, agricultural, and energy. However, recent scientific literature underscores the disproportionate distribution of climate poli- cies. While cities in the Global North have witnessed several initiatives to combat climate change, cities in the Global South remain uncovered and highly vulnerable to climate hazards. To address this disparity, we employed the Balanced Iterative Reducing and Clustering using the Hierarchies (BRICH) algorithm to cluster cities from diverse geographical areas that exhibit comparable socio- economic profiles. This clustering strives to foster enhanced cooperation and collaboration among cities globally, with the goal of addressing climate change in a comprehensive manner. In summary, we identified similarities, paerns, and clusters among peer cities, enabling mutual and generaliza- ble learning among worldwide peer-cities regarding urban climate policy exchange. This exchange occurs through three approaches: (i) inner-mutual learning, (ii) cross-mutual learning, and (iii) outer-mutual learning. Our findings mark a pivotal stride towards aaining worldwide climate ob- jectives through a shared responsibility approach. Furthermore, they provide preliminary insights into the implementation of “urban climate policy exchange” among peer cities on a global scale.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euResearch data keyboard_double_arrow_right Dataset 2021Publisher:Zenodo Authors:Minx, Jan C.;
Minx, Jan C.
Minx, Jan C. in OpenAIRELamb, William F.;
Lamb, William F.
Lamb, William F. in OpenAIREAndrew, Robbie M.;
Andrew, Robbie M.
Andrew, Robbie M. in OpenAIRECanadell, Josep G.;
+13 AuthorsCanadell, Josep G.
Canadell, Josep G. in OpenAIREMinx, Jan C.;
Minx, Jan C.
Minx, Jan C. in OpenAIRELamb, William F.;
Lamb, William F.
Lamb, William F. in OpenAIREAndrew, Robbie M.;
Andrew, Robbie M.
Andrew, Robbie M. in OpenAIRECanadell, Josep G.;
Crippa, Monica;Canadell, Josep G.
Canadell, Josep G. in OpenAIREDöbbeling, Niklas;
Döbbeling, Niklas
Döbbeling, Niklas in OpenAIREForster, Piers;
Guizzardi, Diego;Forster, Piers
Forster, Piers in OpenAIREOlivier, Jos;
Olivier, Jos
Olivier, Jos in OpenAIREPongratz, Julia;
Pongratz, Julia
Pongratz, Julia in OpenAIREReisinger, Andy;
Reisinger, Andy
Reisinger, Andy in OpenAIRERigby, Matthew;
Rigby, Matthew
Rigby, Matthew in OpenAIREPeters, Glen;
Peters, Glen
Peters, Glen in OpenAIRESaunois, Marielle;
Saunois, Marielle
Saunois, Marielle in OpenAIRESmith, Steven J.;
Smith, Steven J.
Smith, Steven J. in OpenAIRESolazzo, Efisio;
Solazzo, Efisio
Solazzo, Efisio in OpenAIRETian, Hanqin;
Tian, Hanqin
Tian, Hanqin in OpenAIREComprehensive and reliable information on anthropogenic sources of greenhouse gas emissions is required to track progress towards keeping warming well below 2°C as agreed upon in the Paris Agreement. Here we provide a dataset on anthropogenic GHG emissions 1970-2019 with a broad country and sector coverage. We build the dataset from recent releases from the “Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research” (EDGAR) for CO2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion and industry (FFI), CH4 emissions, N2O emissions, and fluorinated gases and use a well-established fast-track method to extend this dataset from 2018 to 2019. We complement this with information on net CO2 emissions from land use, land-use change and forestry (LULUCF) from three available bookkeeping models.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euResearch data keyboard_double_arrow_right Dataset 2022Publisher:Zenodo Authors: Gordon McFadzean;Ciaran Gilbert;
Ciaran Gilbert
Ciaran Gilbert in OpenAIREJethro Browell;
Jethro Browell
Jethro Browell in OpenAIREOutputs from the Network Innovation Allowance project "Control REACT" (workstream 2), sponsored by National Grid Electricity System Operator (NGESO). This deposit contains underlying data used in this project. The R code (Rmarkdown) and html renders of these workbooks are available in a separate deposit linked below. See description there for further details. In order to run the R scripts, data and code must be arranged in the directory structure given in "Directory Structure.pdf". Wind, solar and net-demand data are derived from raw data made available by Elexon and Solar Sheffield via public APIs. See respective websites for details, our processed (aggregated and cleaned) versions of this data are shared here under a CC-BY license. Weather forecast data are derived from historic operational forecasts from the ECMWF HRES model and are shared under a CC-BY licence. For details on how these were processed please see references. {"references": ["J. Browell and M. Fasiolo, \"Probabilistic Forecasting of regional net-load with conditional extremes and gridded NWP\", IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, vol. 12, no, 6, pp. 5011-5019, 2021", "C. Gilbert \"Topics in high dimensional energy forecasting\", J. Browell & D. McMillan, degree supervisors; Centre for Doctoral Training in Wind and Marine Energy Systems; Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Thesis [PhD] 2021"]}
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You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euResearch data keyboard_double_arrow_right Dataset 2021Publisher:Zenodo Funded by:EC | SMARTEESEC| SMARTEESAuthors:Albulescu, Patricia;
Macsinga, Irina; Lauren��iu Gabriel ����ru;Albulescu, Patricia
Albulescu, Patricia in OpenAIRESurvey of Timisoara City residents conducted by the West University of Timisoara for the SMARTEES project between March and August 2020 (n=439). The survey was aimed at (1) understanding individual behaviours related to the environment and energy in general, and (2) assessing how people make decisions about energy efficiency measures in particular (i.e., perceptions about existing regional or national programmes aiming to improve the energy efficiency of homes through upgrades to the building fabric with a neighbourhood-scale heat network retrofit). It includes data about citizens' attitudes, behaviours and social networks. Files include the dataset in two formats: .csv and .sav. The questionnaire, a data dictionary and background and sampling details are also included.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euResearch data keyboard_double_arrow_right Dataset 2023Embargo end date: 20 Aug 2023Publisher:Dryad Authors:LeBeau, Chad;
Smith, Kurt; Howlin, Shay; Tredennick, Andrew; +1 AuthorsLeBeau, Chad
LeBeau, Chad in OpenAIRELeBeau, Chad;
Smith, Kurt; Howlin, Shay; Tredennick, Andrew; Kosciuch, Karl;LeBeau, Chad
LeBeau, Chad in OpenAIREThe increased global demand for energy will require additional tools to help guide policy and management actions to conserve wildlife. Grouse (Tetraoninae) are adversely affected by infrastructure associated with energy development, but the magnitude of effects are difficult to quantify in a singular management prescription. Advancement in monitoring and analysis techniques have allowed researchers to evaluate complex questions surrounding the effects of infrastructure on grouse populations, rapidly increasing our knowledge. To better inform management decisions, especially with the emergence of renewable energy, a quantitative synthesis of previous research evaluating the effects of infrastructure on grouse populations is needed. We reviewed studies evaluating the effect of energy infrastructure on grouse, with the main objective to determine the magnitude of effect on grouse lek attendance, resource selection, and survival to help inform future conservation actions. We modeled slope coefficients for distance to energy infrastructure, standardized by scale, on various behaviors to determine overall effect sizes in a meta-analysis. We used 93 study-result combinations from 21 studies that directly evaluated resource selection, survival, or lek attendance relative to energy infrastructure. Trends in overall effect sizes suggest an adverse effect of distance to energy infrastructure on grouse behavior; however, the combination of non-significant pooled regression slopes and high among-study heterogeneity suggest the effect of distance to energy infrastructure is context dependent. While distance to infrastructure is a common metric used in many grouse management plans, our results suggest distance to infrastructure may not be a reliable predictor of grouse behavior and the effect is context dependent making management prescriptions based solely on distance to infrastructure in a one size fits all approach difficult. Our analysis points to numerous aspects that scientists can improve upon by evaluating density in conjunction with distance to energy infrastructure as well as reporting the necessary statistics for future meta-analyses. Data was obtained from peer-reviewed literature. We extracted regression coefficients, standard erros or confidence intervals, and sample sizes from statistical models that evaluated resource selection, survival, and lek attendance relative to distance to energy infrastructure. We contacted authors that assessed the effects of distance to energy infrastructure on grouse if they did not report relevant statistics.
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visibility 4visibility views 4 download downloads 1 Powered bymore_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euResearch data keyboard_double_arrow_right Dataset 2021Publisher:Zenodo This dataset contains data and codes required to replicate the results in the article "Joint assessment of generation adequacy with intermittent renewables and hydro storage: A case study in Finland" to be published in Electric Power Systems Research. See the enclosed Readme for further instructions.
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