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description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Master thesis 2022 PortugalAuthors: Vilaça, Patrícia Pinheiro da Silva;Atualmente, existe uma necessidade cada vez maior das empresas adotarem algum tipo de medida de responsabilidade social corporativa. É uma obrigação da empresa alcançar metas sustentáveis de longo prazo para os seus funcionários e também para o mundo em geral. O papel do gestor de operações é conseguir balançar todos os desafios que surgem à medida que o ambiente económico, social político e tecnológico altera. Há toda uma análise necessária entre os incentivos que o governo de cada país fornece e o proveito que a empresa consegue retirar da implementação destas políticas. Surge aqui a questão fulcral se a adoção destas políticas não é meramente por interesses económicos por parte destas organizações. O presente trabalho visa, por isso, avaliar a aplicação de medidas de responsabilidade social corporativa em empresas internacionais. Foi elaborado através do estudo e análise de duas organizações internacionais com as suas operações já delineadas, a FARFETCH e a FERPINTA. Ao longo do trabalho são avaliados os desafios enfrentados por estes dois grupos internacionais cujo as indústrias nas quais operam são inequivocamente diferentes. Inicialmente, realiza-se revisão de literatura, de seguida é feito um resumo dos dois grupos. Posteriormente, é feita a análise das entrevistas levadas a cabo com diferentes colaboradores e de diferentes departamentos das empresas de forma a recolher uma amostra variada dos pontos de vistas e das ações de responsabilidade social levadas a cabo. Por fim, é feita uma análise geral com a análise dos resultados das entrevistas e dados recolhidos. Após recolhidas e formuladas as análises, são sugeridas possíveis ações de implementação por parte das empresas. Currently, there is an increasing need for companies to adopt some kind of corporate social responsibility measure. It is an obligation of the company to achieve sustainable long-term goals for its employees and also for the world at large. The operations manager's role is to balance all the challenges that arise as the economic, social, political, and technological environment changes. There is a whole necessary analysis between the incentives that the government of each country provides and the benefit that the company is able to derive from the implementation of these policies. Here, the central question arises whether the adoption of these policies is not merely for economic interests. The present work aims, therefore, to evaluate the application of corporate social responsibility measures in international companies. It was prepared through the study and analysis of two international organizations with their operations already outlined, FARFETCH and FERPINTA. Throughout the work, the challenges faced by these two international groups whose industries in which they operate are unequivocally different are evaluated. Initially, a literature review is carried out, followed by a summary of the two groups. Subsequently, an analysis of the interviews is carried out with different employees and from different departments of the companies in order to collect a varied sample of the points of view and the social responsibility actions implemented. Finally, a general analysis is made with the evaluation of the results of the interviews and data collected. After collecting and formulating the analyses, possible implementation actions by the companies are suggested.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Research 2018Publisher:Brasília: Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada (IPEA) Authors: Dantas, Stefano Giacomazzi; Pompermayer, Fabiano Mezadre;This work discusses the economic viability of photovoltaic systems usage in distributed generation of electricity and its possible impacts on electrical network. We present the current situation and perspectives of distributed generation in Brazil. Besides that, we developed a financial analysis of grid-tie photovoltaic systems, considering factors such as local solar radiation and conventional energy cost, using data from the National Agency of Electrical Energy (ANEEL). Overall, the usage of photovoltaic systems in Brazil is economically attractive. Despite this, we have to discuss the impacts on the electrical network that might happen due to energy supply variability and economic losses of electric companies and users. However, we show that there is still a lot of room for development of photovoltaic systems in Brazil, especially within regions with high solar radiation.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Master thesis 2022 PortugalAuthors: Sousa, Afonso Marques de;Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Engenharia Mecânica apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia O conforto térmico é algo cada vez mais valorizado pelo ser humano, sendo fundamental para a sua produtividade e o seu bem-estar. Porém, assegurar condições de conforto térmico tem consequências energéticas, económicas e ambientais. Os órgãos de governo da União Europeia consideram que o aumento da eficiência energética dos edifícios é algo de extrema importância, devido a estes serem grandes consumidores de energia. Logo, um método eficaz de reduzir custos energéticos e económicos e impactos ambientais passa por tornar os edifícios muito eficientes energeticamente. A eficiência energética de um edifício está diretamente relacionada com a qualidade das suas soluções construtivas. Uma forma de melhorar as características das soluções construtivas é o uso de isolamento térmico, de modo a diminuir as trocas de calor entre o exterior e o interior de um edifício. O presente estudo tinha como objetivo a realização de uma análise económica, energética e ambiental da aplicação do isolamento térmico aos edifícios do continente europeu. Esta análise permitiu compreender a influência da aplicação de isolamento térmico na eficiência energética dos edifícios e assim perceber a influência desta medida nos custos energéticos, económicos e ambientais do ciclo de vida completo dos edifícios localizados no continente europeu. Adicionalmente, fez-se uma verificação de qual o material isolante térmico mais adequado. A análise foi efetuada segundo as perspetivas económica, energética e ambiental. Os custos do conforto térmico dependem da tipologia de uso do edifício e do tipo de clima. Assim, de forma a representar as tipologias do edificado europeu foram selecionados seis edifícios diferentes, sendo estes: um apartamento e uma moradia (edifícios residenciais), uma clínica (edifício de serviços com funcionamento permanente), uma escola e uma agência bancária (edifícios de serviços com funcionamento intermitente) e um supermercado (edifício de comércio com funcionamento intermitente. Para representar o clima do continente europeu foram selecionadas 5 localizações, em função do número de graus-dia de aquecimento e de arrefecimento, envolvendo assim 5 tipos de clima: Málaga (quente), Lisboa (moderado), Valladolid (frio), Varsóvia (muito frio), Reykjavik (extremamente frio). Recorreu-se à folha de cálculo CalProTerm para a obtenção das propriedades termofísicas das soluções construtivas opacas e ao software SEnergEd para a realização da simulação do comportamento energético, económico e ambiental do ciclo de vida dos edifícios. A versão do software SEnergEd disponibilizada não realizava a análise ambiental do ciclo de vida do edifício, pelo que foi necessário proceder à implementação desta vertente, munindo este software com os algoritmos necessários à realização do cálculo de impactos ambientais.Os resultados obtidos mostram, em termos muito genéricos, que a aplicação de isolamento térmico à envolvente opaca dos edifícios do continente europeu é mais benéfica em termos energéticos e em termos ambientais do que sob a perspetiva económica. Adicionalmente, a espessura ótima de isolamento térmico depende da tipologia de edifício, do tipo de clima e da perspetiva com que foi efetuada a análise (energética, ambiental ou económica). Thermal comfort is something increasingly valued by the human being, being fundamental for their productivity and well-being. However, ensuring thermal comfort conditions has energy, economic and environmental consequences. The Governing Bodies of the European Union consider that increasing the energy efficiency of buildings is extremely important, especially due to being one of the major energy consumers. Therefore, an effective method of reducing energy and economic costs and environmental impacts is to make buildings very energy efficient. The energy efficiency of a building is directly related to the quality of its constructive solutions. One way to improve the characteristics of constructive solutions is the use of thermal insulation, so as to decrease heat exchanges between the outside and the interior of a building.The present study aimed to carry out an economic, energy and environmental analysis of the application of thermal insulation to buildings on the European continent. This analysis made it possible to understand the influence of the application of thermal insulation on the energy efficiency of buildings and thus to understand the influence of this measure on the energy, economic and environmental costs of the complete life cycle of buildings located on the European continent. Additionally, a verification was made of which is the most suitable thermal insulating material. The analysis was carried out according to the economic, energy and environmental perspectives. Thermal comfort costs depend on the type of use of the building and the type of climate. Thus, to represent the typologies of European buildings, six different buildings were selected, namely: an apartment and a house (residential buildings), a clinic (service building with permanent operation), a school and a bank branch (buildings of services with intermittent operation) and a supermarket (commercial building with intermittent operation. To represent the climate of the European continent, 5 locations were selected, depending on the number of degree-days of heating and cooling, thus involving 5 types of climate: Malaga (hot), Lisbon (moderate), Valladolid (cold), Warsaw (very cold), Reykjavik (extremely cold).The CalProTerm spreadsheet was used to obtain the thermophysical properties of the opaque constructive solutions, the SEnergEd software was used to simulate the energy, economic and environmental behavior of the buildings' life cycle. The version of the SEnergEd software initially available did not carry out the environmental analysis of the building's life cycle, therefore it was necessary to implement this aspect, providing this software with the algorithms necessary to carry out the calculation of environmental impacts.The results obtained showed, in very general terms, that the application of thermal insulation to the opaque envelope of buildings on the European continent is more beneficial in energy and environmental terms than from an economic perspective. Additionally, the optimal thickness of thermal insulation depends on the type of building, the type of climate and the perspective from which the analysis was carried out (energy, environmental or economic).
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Master thesis 2020 PortugalAuthors: Cabral, Frederico Miguel Leite;O ecoturismo é, hoje, definido como uma forma responsável de viajar, para áreas naturais, tendo por base conservação do meio ambiente e do bem-estar da população local, enquanto envolvendo a interpretação e a educação. Os objetivos deste estudo assentaram na caracterização do ecoturismo e na avaliação do seu impacto no desenvolvimento sustentável da ilha de São Miguel. Foram analisadas as perceções de três grupos da ilha de São Miguel: turistas, residentes e empresas do setor turístico. O propósito desta investigação empírica foi o de caracterizar as perceções recolhidas destes grupos quanto ao impacto socioeconómico e ambiental relativamente ao ecoturismo respondendo, à Q.I.: Qual o impacto socioeconómico e ambiental do ecoturismo nos principais stakeholders que alberga o turismo na ilha de São Miguel? A amostra dos turistas é caracterizada por ser 59,5% composta por turistas portugueses, os principais fatores de escolha deste destino são: “Beleza das paisagens”, “Sossego e tranquilidade/relaxamento” e “Contacto com a natureza”. A autoavaliação da preocupação ambiental por parte do turista foi alta, embora, 45% dos inquiridos não denotaram impactos do turismo no meio ambiente. A amostra dos residentes é composta em 73,1% por residentes de Ponta Delgada. O residente padrão da amostra denota que mediante o aumento do turismo verificou-se alguns aspetos positivos, mas, regra geral, perdeu qualidade de vida. Adicionalmente, é evidenciado, o aumento do lixo e da degradação paisagística e o seu desagrado com o planeamento do desenvolvimento turístico da região por parte do governo. Por último, 64,4% das empresas do setor turístico pertencem ao setor do alojamento e 96,6% tem origem regional. As empresas inquiridas avaliam de forma elevada a sua preocupação ambiental, mas 75,4% das empresas, revela que seria possível desenvolver a sua atividade de uma forma mais ecológica. Nowadays, ecotourism is defined as a responsible way to travel to a natural area, conserving the environment and the well-being of the local people, while involving the education and interpretation of the surrounding. The goal of this study was to characterize the ecotourism and evaluate its impact on the sustainable development of the island of São Miguel. The perceptions of three groups of people on São Miguel were analysed: tourists, residents and companies in the tourism sector. This empirical investigation characterized the perceptions gathered from these groups, regarding the socioeconomic and environmental impact of ecotourism, therefore answering the R.Q.: What is the socioeconomic and environmental impact of ecotourism on the main stakeholders of tourism on the island of São Miguel? The tourist’s sample is mainly composed of Portuguese tourists (59,5%), and the main factors when choosing São Miguel as their destination are: “Beautiful landscapes”, “Peace and quiet/relaxation” and “Contact with nature”. The tourists reported high environmental concern. Although, 45% of the respondents did not denote tourism impacts on the environment. The sample of residents is mainly made up of people living in Ponta Delgada (73,1%). The standard resident of this sample denotes that with the increase in tourism, there has been some positive aspects, but generally, quality of life has decreased. In addition, there has been an increase in garbage, landscape degradation and displeasure with the government planning for tourism development. Finally, 64,4% of the companies in the tourism sector belong to the accommodation industry and 96,6% of all companies inquired are characterized as local companies. The surveyed companies assess their environmental concern as high, but 75,4% of the companies reveal that it would be possible to develop their activity in a more ecological way.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Master thesis 2022 PortugalAuthors: Ivo, Nicole de Almeida;Parceria com a Universidade de Lisboa - Instituto de Geografia e Ordenamento do Território Num mundo contemporâneo cada vez mais globalizado, não é de estranhar o papel que o turismo tem demonstrado num meio onde as experiências deixam de pertencer menos ao domínio do local, começando a envolver vários contactos e experiências universais, resultando num interculturalismo que compõe a partilha entre turista e comunidade, essencial ao estabelecimento de uma tipologia turística como o justice tourism. Daqui surgem vários fatores que podem, quando manobrados de certa forma, ser manipulados para o empreendimento do bem-estar e conservação das comunidades. O objetivo geral desta dissertação, passa, assim, por explicar um fenómeno turístico recente a que chamamos de justice tourism, um modelo de turismo alternativo que em muito difere de outras tipologias turísticas com que por vezes é comparado, nomeadamente o pro poor tourism e o peace through tourism, como à frente se verá. Depois de aprofundarmos os conceitos de ética, justiça, multiculturalismo, sustentabilidade, paz e direitos humanos, essenciais para enquadrar e problematizar o justice tourism, a nossa atenção debruçar-se-á na compreensão do núcleo desta tipologia turística. A sua essência, passa, assim, por ser uma forma justa de viajar entre membros de diferentes comunidades, visando atingir o entendimento mútuo, solidariedade e igualdade entre participantes. O justice tourism é um dos mais eficazes meios de promover o entendimento e respeito mútuos, bem como a educação, trocas económicas e proteção ambiental, tendo um papel central na conservação da vida comunitária. Com o aprofundamento de tais conceitos levaremos a nossa direção para o caso empírico da Guiné-Bissau. Com uma história marcadamente conturbada, marcada por sucessivos golpes de Estado, crises políticas, corrupção e pelo seu relevante papel no narcotráfico, o país parece não encontrar maneira de aproveitar os seus vastos recursos naturais e a conservação dos seus grupos étnicos para a promoção de um turismo sustentável que levaria a um maior desenvolvimento político, cultural e económico. Assim, compreendendo informação relativa às características que compõem a Guiné Bissau, perceberemos se será possível implementar no país este modelo de turismo que se denomina de justice tourism. In an increasingly globalized contemporary world, it is not surprising to notice the role that tourism has shown in a milieu where experiences not only belong to the realm of the local, thus beginning to get involved in various universal contacts and experiences. This results in an interculturalism that makes the sharing between tourist and community essential to the establishment of a tourist typology such as justice tourism. From here arise several factors that can, when maneuvered in a certain way, be manipulated for the undertaking of the communities' well-being and conservation. The primary goal of this dissertation is, therefore, to explain the recent tourist phenomenon that we call justice tourism, an alternative tourism model that is very different from other tourist typologies with which it is sometimes compared, namely poor pro tourism and peace through tourism, as we will see below. After dwelling into the concepts of ethics, justice, multiculturalism, sustainability, peace and human rights, essential to frame and problematize justice tourism, our attention will focus on understanding the core of this tourist typology. Its essence is, therefore, to be a fair way of traveling among members of different communities, aiming to achieve mutual understanding, solidarity and equality among participants. Justice tourism is one of the most effective means of promoting mutual understanding and respect, as well as education, economic exchange, and where environmental protection plays a central role in the conservation of life within the community. With the deepening of such concepts, we will redirect our attention to the empirical case of Guinea-Bissau. With a troubled history, marked by successive coups d'état, political crises, corruption and its relevant role in drug trafficking, the country does not seem to find a way to take advantage of its vast natural resources and the conservation of its ethnic groups for the promotion of a sustainable tourism that would lead to greater political, cultural and economic development. Thus, by collecting data regarding the characteristics that make up Guinea-Bissau, we will try to determine the possibilities of implementing justice tourism in the country.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Master thesis 2021 PortugalAuthors: Dias, Inês Patrícia Caleiras;Relatório de Estágio do Mestrado em Gestão apresentado à Faculdade de Economia No âmbito do Mestrado em Gestão da Faculdade de Economia da Universidade de Coimbra, foi elaborado o presente documento que reflete o estágio curricular de 4 meses realizado na EDP-Gestão da Produção. A temática da RSE, escolhida como foco do presente relatório, surge por ter emergido como uma preocupação central a vários dos assuntos abordados durante o estágio e por se considerar um tema central para a empresa EDP, desde logo por fazer parte do Índice de Sustentabilidade Dow Jones. O objetivo do trabalho é o desenvolvimento das principais temáticas da RSE, apresentando-se a evolução conceptual, os principais modelos teóricos e a sistematização das teorias, assim como a abordagem Europeia e Nacional à RSE, a distinção dos conceitos de RSE, Sustentabilidade e Desenvolvimento Sustentável, as vantagens da implementação da RSE e os instrumentos e ferramentas que são utilizados pelas empresas – normas internacionais, relatórios de sustentabilidade, GRI Standards e índices de RSE. Por fim, analisa-se o impacto da RSE nas comunidades locais, recorrendo ao estudo do Relatório de Sustentabilidade da EDP. Pode-se inferir que as práticas de RSE têm um impacto bastante positivo nas comunidades locais, quer ao nível do seu bem-estar quer ao nível do desenvolvimento económico e que o desenvolvimento e investimento em práticas de Responsabilidade Social tem também um retorno positivo para a empresa. A EDP tem um elevado comprometimento com as comunidades locais ao desenvolver um conjunto de programas de investimento social, assumindo a sustentabilidade no seu ADN e contribuindo ativamente e de forma voluntária para os Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS). As part of the Master’s degree in Management at the Faculty of Economics of the University of Coimbra, this document was prepared to reflect the curricular internship of 4 months held at EDP-Production Management. The theme of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), chosen as the focus of this report, emerged as a central concern to several of the issues addressed during the internship and because it is considered a central theme for the EDP company, since it is part of the Dow Jones Sustainability Index. The aim of the work is the development of the main themes of CSR, presenting the conceptual evolution, the main theoretical models and the systematization of theories, as well as the European and National approach to CSR, the distinction of the concepts of CSR, Sustainability and Sustainable Development, the advantages of the implementation of CSR and the tools that are used by companies – international standards, sustainability reports, GRI Standards and CSR indexes. Finally, the impact of CSR on local communities is analyzed, using the study of EDP’s Sustainability Report. It can be inferred that CSR practices have a very positive impact on local communities, both in terms of their well-being and in terms of economic development and that the development and investment in Social Responsibility practices also have a positive return on the company. EDP has a high commitment to local communities by developing a set of social investment programs, assuming sustainability in its DNA and contributing actively and voluntarily to the Sustainable Development Goals.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Master thesis 2018 PortugalAuthors: Araújo, Sérgio Manuel Sampaio;Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Engenharia Electrotécnica e de Computadores apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia In photovoltaic solar systems in buildings, the mismatch between the energy generation and consumption leads to the need to inject energy into the grid, with a negative economic impact. To avoid it, the use of energy storage systems is increasingly important in order to store the surplus energy generation to be used in periods where the generation is lower than the consumption. Therefore, arises the need of intelligent control algorithms which, according to a predefined objective, ensure the correct management not only of the energy storage system, but also of the available solar resource.The main objective of this thesis was to analyse the impact of photovoltaic solar energy generation together with an energy storage system with lithium ion batteries in buildings of the services sector. For that, the building of the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering of the University of Coimbra, which already has a photovoltaic solar system installed, was used as case study. The sizing of a possible expansion of the current photovoltaic system was done, as well as the sizing of a storage system with the aim to ensure reduction of costs with the purchased electricity. Thus, an intelligent control algorithm was implemented in MATLAB environment with the objective of managing and controlling the storage system to ensure the objectives of maximizing the self-consumption and minimizing costs with energy imported from the grid.Different scenarios were simulated and analysed, and through the analysis of the technical and economic availability it was possible to verify that the developed control strategies were successful, allowing to achieve good results regarding the reduction of the costs with the imported energy from the grid and the maximization of the self-consumption, as well as making the investment in the storage system cost-effective. Nos sistemas solares fotovoltaicos em edifícios o desajuste entre a produção de energia elétrica e o consumo leva à necessidade de injeção de energia na rede, com um impacto económico negativo. Para o evitar, é cada vez mais importante o uso de sistemas de armazenamento, com vista a armazenar a energia gerada em excesso de modo a esta ser utilizada em períodos onde a produção seja inferior ao consumo. Surge assim a necessidade de algoritmos de controlo inteligentes que, de acordo com um objetivo predefinido, assegurem a gestão correta não só do sistema de armazenamento, mas também do recurso solar disponível.O objetivo primordial desta dissertação foi analisar o impacto da geração de energia elétrica solar fotovoltaica em conjunto com um sistema de armazenamento de energia elétrica com baterias de iões de lítio em edifícios do setor dos serviços. Para tal, foi utilizado como objeto de estudo o edifício do Departamento de Engenharia Eletrotécnica e de Computadores da Universidade de Coimbra que conta já com um sistema solar fotovoltaico instalado. Foi realizado o dimensionamento de uma possível expansão do sistema atual, assim como o dimensionamento de um sistema de armazenamento que permita reduzir os custos com a compra de energia elétrica da rede. Assim, foi também implementado em ambiente MATLAB um algoritmo de controlo inteligente com o objetivo de fazer a gestão e controlo do sistema de armazenamento para assegurar os objetivos de maximização do autoconsumo e de minimização dos custos com a energia importada da rede.Foram simulados e analisados diferentes cenários e através da análise da viabilidade técnica e económica realizada foi possível constatar que as estratégias de controlo desenvolvidas foram bem-sucedidas, permitindo alcançar bons resultados relativos à redução dos custos com a importação de energia da rede e maximização do autoconsumo, assim como tornar rentável o investimento no sistema de armazenamento.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Research 2016Publisher:Brasília: Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada (IPEA) Authors: Sambuichi, Regina Helena Rosa; Galindo, Ernesto Pereira; Pereira, Rodrigo Mendes; Constantino, Michel; +1 AuthorsSambuichi, Regina Helena Rosa; Galindo, Ernesto Pereira; Pereira, Rodrigo Mendes; Constantino, Michel; dos Santos Rabetti, Matheus;This paper analyzes the production diversity among Brazilian agricultural family farms, using the DAP (declaration of Pronaf entitlement). The diversity is measured with a Simpson index, that goes from zero, for monocultures, to one. Production is considerably diversified in these types of farms. 57% of them have a diversification index above 0,35, although it has been noticed an increase in specialization in recent years. The share of monoculture farms rose from 25% in 2012 to 33% in 2014. The diversification index is set as the dependent variable on a Tobit regression with variables that are commonly used to explain the decision to diversify, such as regional dummies, farm size, number of farms, farmer's age, income from social benefits, education, gross production, or a dummy for access to technical assistance. All of these variables have significant effects on production diversity. The results suggest a strong regional bias in terms of diversification, as well as the importance of technical assistance and the availability of technologies in order to spur diversification among family farmers.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Doctoral thesis 2023 PortugalAuthors: Flambó, Tiago Miguel Albano;O desenvolvimento sustentável, como conceito fulcral para a sobrevivência do nosso planeta, engloba um conjunto de fatores dos quais a energia constitui uma parte vital. Esta ideia aparece inclusivamente vertida em diversos Objetivos do Desenvolvimentos Sustentável (ODS), tais como os Objetivos N.º 9, 11, 12 e 13. Os edifícios representam cerca de 50% do fenómeno de poluição ambiental, fruto do consumo energético inerente à sua utilização, que ascende a 41% de toda a energia primária produzida. Estes dados podem ser explicados pelo aumento da população mundial, a pouca reabilitação de edifícios a nível global e o exponencial aumento do consumo energético para suprir necessidades de aquecimento e arrefecimento de edifícios. Neste âmbito, considerou-se importante verificar a viabilidade de novas soluções que permitam criar estabilidade térmica dentro dos edifícios, como é o caso da aplicação de Materiais de Mudança de Fase (Phase Change Materials – PCM) em soluções construtivas. Os PCM apresentam uma comprovada capacidade de armazenamento térmico em comparação com as soluções tradicionais. Contudo, uma das grandes vantagens destes materiais reside na não necessidade de armazenamento de energia elétrica, mas sim o armazenamento da energia térmica do ambiente envolvente. A modelação da aplicação dos materiais num edifício-tipo e num edifício real, permitiu obter diferenças nas temperaturas de pico interiores de até 1 °C, bem como uma redução global de consumos energéticos entre 12% e 23%, para a espessura mínima dos PCM comerciais analisados. A introdução dos PCM permitiu, de igual forma, a redução da amplitude térmica interior, observando-se reduções até 83%. A adoção deste tipo de soluções leva a que seja possível obter reduções de emissões entre os 3,3% e os 33%, no edifício de mais baixa eficiência energética e entre os 2% e os 8%, para o caso de um edifício de maior eficiência energética. O período de retorno do investimento nestes materiais mostrou-se elevando, sendo um desafio ao vetor social da sustentabilidade. Sustainable development, as a key concept for the survival of our planet, includes a set of factors of which energy is a vital part. This idea also appears in several Sustainable Development Objectives (SDO), such as Objectives Nos. 9, 11, 12 and 13. Buildings represent about 50% of the environmental pollution phenomenon, resulting from the energy consumption inherent to its use, which amounts to 41% of all primary energy produced. This can be explained by the increase of the world population, the limited rehabilitation of buildings worldwide and the exponential increase in energy consumption, to meet heating and cooling needs of buildings. In this context it will be important to verify the viability of new solutions that allow thermal stability in buildings, such as the application of Phase Change Materials (PCM) in constructive solutions. PCM have proven thermal storage capacity compared to traditional coating solutions. However, one of the great advantages of these materials lies in the fact that they do not need to store electrical energy, but the storage of thermal energy from the surrounding environment. The application of the materials, in a simulated context, in a model building and in a real building, allowed to obtain differences in interior peak temperatures of up to 1 °C, as well as an overall reduction in energy consumption between 12% and 23%, for the minimum commercial thickness of the PCM used. The introduction of PCM also made it possible to reduce the interior temperature range, with reductions of up to 83% observed. About the environmental sustainability themes, the adoption of this type of solution led to emission reductions between 3.3% and 33%, in the low-efficiency building, and between 2% and 8%, for the most efficient building. The payback period for the investment in these materials need to be increased, representing a challenge to the social vector of sustainability.
Repositório Aberto d... arrow_drop_down Repositório Aberto da Universidade AbertaDoctoral thesis . 2023Data sources: Repositório Aberto da Universidade Abertaadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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visibility 35visibility views 35 download downloads 18 Powered bymore_vert Repositório Aberto d... arrow_drop_down Repositório Aberto da Universidade AbertaDoctoral thesis . 2023Data sources: Repositório Aberto da Universidade Abertaadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Master thesis 2022 PortugalAuthors: Cardoso, André Filipe Silva;No município do Seixal, pretende-se estudar a implementação de um projeto para a produção de hidrogénio verde. Este projeto nasceu pela necessidade de responder às metas da descarbonização em Portugal, como sendo uma forte ferramenta para alcançarmos a desejada neutralidade carbónica. O projeto piloto tem como base a obtenção de hidrogénio verde para descarbonizar setores e eletrificar os mesmos de uma maneira “verde”. Neste âmbito, o município do Seixal está empenhado na criação de uma comunidade de energias renováveis para fornecimento de energia ao parque industrial do Seixal e dessa mesma energia verde, fazer uso por meio de um sistema eletrolisador para a obtenção de hidrogénio verde para várias finalidades. Desta forma, no presente projeto, após uma parte teórica acerca dos métodos de obtenção de hidrogénio, modos de utilização do mesmo, e contextualização do hidrogénio em Portugal, é proposto um estudo para aferir a forma mais rentável de utilização do hidrogénio resultante desse projeto piloto do município. Serão apresentados diferentes cenários, tais como a utilização do hidrogénio em três cadeias de valor, sendo estas power-to-mobility, power-to-gas e power-to-power e ainda dois contextos onde a energia utilizada na produção de hidrogénio tem proveniências distintas, um sistema fotovoltaico privado e outro comunitário. Todos os cenários apresentados por meio de uma análise financeira, resultam em valores que na atualidade permitem ser minimamente aceitáveis sem recurso a quaisquer incentivos monetários. No futuro, com o amadurecimento das tecnologias poderá ser possível obter resultados mais favoráveis, na medida em que os períodos de retorno do investimento nos vários cenários será inferior, conseguindo-se assim uma introdução do hidrogénio mais acessível nos vários setores económicos e uma economia cada vez mais neutra em carbono, indo de encontro às perspetivas europeias. This project was born from the necessity of achieving the decarbonization targets set in Portugal in order to reach the so desired carbon neutrality and as so, it is going to be investigated the implementation of a green hydrogen production project under Seixal’s municipality. The pilot project basis is established in the obtention of green hydrogen in order to decarbonize sectors and start the process of electrification in a green way. Additionally Seixal’s municipality is invested in the creation of a renewable energies community mainly focused to supply its own industrial complex, and use that same green energy through an electrolyser system in order to obtain green hydrogen for multiple purposes. Firstly, this project will introduce the process of hydrogen obtention, utilization and contextualization in Portugal, followed by a study to assess the best way, rate of return wise, to use the hydrogen sourced from the municipality’s pilot project. Several scenarios will be presented, such as the use of hydrogen in three chain values: power-to-mobility, power-to-gas and power-to-power. There are also two additional contexts where the energy used in the hydrogen production came from two distinct sources: a private photovoltaic system and a communitary one. All of the scenarios are presented through a financial analysis that result in actual minimal acceptable values with no financial incentives needed. However, futuristically, and technologically speaking, given the technological improvement on the equipment used, it is possible to obtain favourable results in such a way that the payback period on every scenario will be lower, hence making it an accessible insertion of hydrogen energy for all the economic sectors involved, contributing overall towards a more carbon neutral economy and therefore meeting the European set targets.
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description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Master thesis 2022 PortugalAuthors: Vilaça, Patrícia Pinheiro da Silva;Atualmente, existe uma necessidade cada vez maior das empresas adotarem algum tipo de medida de responsabilidade social corporativa. É uma obrigação da empresa alcançar metas sustentáveis de longo prazo para os seus funcionários e também para o mundo em geral. O papel do gestor de operações é conseguir balançar todos os desafios que surgem à medida que o ambiente económico, social político e tecnológico altera. Há toda uma análise necessária entre os incentivos que o governo de cada país fornece e o proveito que a empresa consegue retirar da implementação destas políticas. Surge aqui a questão fulcral se a adoção destas políticas não é meramente por interesses económicos por parte destas organizações. O presente trabalho visa, por isso, avaliar a aplicação de medidas de responsabilidade social corporativa em empresas internacionais. Foi elaborado através do estudo e análise de duas organizações internacionais com as suas operações já delineadas, a FARFETCH e a FERPINTA. Ao longo do trabalho são avaliados os desafios enfrentados por estes dois grupos internacionais cujo as indústrias nas quais operam são inequivocamente diferentes. Inicialmente, realiza-se revisão de literatura, de seguida é feito um resumo dos dois grupos. Posteriormente, é feita a análise das entrevistas levadas a cabo com diferentes colaboradores e de diferentes departamentos das empresas de forma a recolher uma amostra variada dos pontos de vistas e das ações de responsabilidade social levadas a cabo. Por fim, é feita uma análise geral com a análise dos resultados das entrevistas e dados recolhidos. Após recolhidas e formuladas as análises, são sugeridas possíveis ações de implementação por parte das empresas. Currently, there is an increasing need for companies to adopt some kind of corporate social responsibility measure. It is an obligation of the company to achieve sustainable long-term goals for its employees and also for the world at large. The operations manager's role is to balance all the challenges that arise as the economic, social, political, and technological environment changes. There is a whole necessary analysis between the incentives that the government of each country provides and the benefit that the company is able to derive from the implementation of these policies. Here, the central question arises whether the adoption of these policies is not merely for economic interests. The present work aims, therefore, to evaluate the application of corporate social responsibility measures in international companies. It was prepared through the study and analysis of two international organizations with their operations already outlined, FARFETCH and FERPINTA. Throughout the work, the challenges faced by these two international groups whose industries in which they operate are unequivocally different are evaluated. Initially, a literature review is carried out, followed by a summary of the two groups. Subsequently, an analysis of the interviews is carried out with different employees and from different departments of the companies in order to collect a varied sample of the points of view and the social responsibility actions implemented. Finally, a general analysis is made with the evaluation of the results of the interviews and data collected. After collecting and formulating the analyses, possible implementation actions by the companies are suggested.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Research 2018Publisher:Brasília: Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada (IPEA) Authors: Dantas, Stefano Giacomazzi; Pompermayer, Fabiano Mezadre;This work discusses the economic viability of photovoltaic systems usage in distributed generation of electricity and its possible impacts on electrical network. We present the current situation and perspectives of distributed generation in Brazil. Besides that, we developed a financial analysis of grid-tie photovoltaic systems, considering factors such as local solar radiation and conventional energy cost, using data from the National Agency of Electrical Energy (ANEEL). Overall, the usage of photovoltaic systems in Brazil is economically attractive. Despite this, we have to discuss the impacts on the electrical network that might happen due to energy supply variability and economic losses of electric companies and users. However, we show that there is still a lot of room for development of photovoltaic systems in Brazil, especially within regions with high solar radiation.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Master thesis 2022 PortugalAuthors: Sousa, Afonso Marques de;Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Engenharia Mecânica apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia O conforto térmico é algo cada vez mais valorizado pelo ser humano, sendo fundamental para a sua produtividade e o seu bem-estar. Porém, assegurar condições de conforto térmico tem consequências energéticas, económicas e ambientais. Os órgãos de governo da União Europeia consideram que o aumento da eficiência energética dos edifícios é algo de extrema importância, devido a estes serem grandes consumidores de energia. Logo, um método eficaz de reduzir custos energéticos e económicos e impactos ambientais passa por tornar os edifícios muito eficientes energeticamente. A eficiência energética de um edifício está diretamente relacionada com a qualidade das suas soluções construtivas. Uma forma de melhorar as características das soluções construtivas é o uso de isolamento térmico, de modo a diminuir as trocas de calor entre o exterior e o interior de um edifício. O presente estudo tinha como objetivo a realização de uma análise económica, energética e ambiental da aplicação do isolamento térmico aos edifícios do continente europeu. Esta análise permitiu compreender a influência da aplicação de isolamento térmico na eficiência energética dos edifícios e assim perceber a influência desta medida nos custos energéticos, económicos e ambientais do ciclo de vida completo dos edifícios localizados no continente europeu. Adicionalmente, fez-se uma verificação de qual o material isolante térmico mais adequado. A análise foi efetuada segundo as perspetivas económica, energética e ambiental. Os custos do conforto térmico dependem da tipologia de uso do edifício e do tipo de clima. Assim, de forma a representar as tipologias do edificado europeu foram selecionados seis edifícios diferentes, sendo estes: um apartamento e uma moradia (edifícios residenciais), uma clínica (edifício de serviços com funcionamento permanente), uma escola e uma agência bancária (edifícios de serviços com funcionamento intermitente) e um supermercado (edifício de comércio com funcionamento intermitente. Para representar o clima do continente europeu foram selecionadas 5 localizações, em função do número de graus-dia de aquecimento e de arrefecimento, envolvendo assim 5 tipos de clima: Málaga (quente), Lisboa (moderado), Valladolid (frio), Varsóvia (muito frio), Reykjavik (extremamente frio). Recorreu-se à folha de cálculo CalProTerm para a obtenção das propriedades termofísicas das soluções construtivas opacas e ao software SEnergEd para a realização da simulação do comportamento energético, económico e ambiental do ciclo de vida dos edifícios. A versão do software SEnergEd disponibilizada não realizava a análise ambiental do ciclo de vida do edifício, pelo que foi necessário proceder à implementação desta vertente, munindo este software com os algoritmos necessários à realização do cálculo de impactos ambientais.Os resultados obtidos mostram, em termos muito genéricos, que a aplicação de isolamento térmico à envolvente opaca dos edifícios do continente europeu é mais benéfica em termos energéticos e em termos ambientais do que sob a perspetiva económica. Adicionalmente, a espessura ótima de isolamento térmico depende da tipologia de edifício, do tipo de clima e da perspetiva com que foi efetuada a análise (energética, ambiental ou económica). Thermal comfort is something increasingly valued by the human being, being fundamental for their productivity and well-being. However, ensuring thermal comfort conditions has energy, economic and environmental consequences. The Governing Bodies of the European Union consider that increasing the energy efficiency of buildings is extremely important, especially due to being one of the major energy consumers. Therefore, an effective method of reducing energy and economic costs and environmental impacts is to make buildings very energy efficient. The energy efficiency of a building is directly related to the quality of its constructive solutions. One way to improve the characteristics of constructive solutions is the use of thermal insulation, so as to decrease heat exchanges between the outside and the interior of a building.The present study aimed to carry out an economic, energy and environmental analysis of the application of thermal insulation to buildings on the European continent. This analysis made it possible to understand the influence of the application of thermal insulation on the energy efficiency of buildings and thus to understand the influence of this measure on the energy, economic and environmental costs of the complete life cycle of buildings located on the European continent. Additionally, a verification was made of which is the most suitable thermal insulating material. The analysis was carried out according to the economic, energy and environmental perspectives. Thermal comfort costs depend on the type of use of the building and the type of climate. Thus, to represent the typologies of European buildings, six different buildings were selected, namely: an apartment and a house (residential buildings), a clinic (service building with permanent operation), a school and a bank branch (buildings of services with intermittent operation) and a supermarket (commercial building with intermittent operation. To represent the climate of the European continent, 5 locations were selected, depending on the number of degree-days of heating and cooling, thus involving 5 types of climate: Malaga (hot), Lisbon (moderate), Valladolid (cold), Warsaw (very cold), Reykjavik (extremely cold).The CalProTerm spreadsheet was used to obtain the thermophysical properties of the opaque constructive solutions, the SEnergEd software was used to simulate the energy, economic and environmental behavior of the buildings' life cycle. The version of the SEnergEd software initially available did not carry out the environmental analysis of the building's life cycle, therefore it was necessary to implement this aspect, providing this software with the algorithms necessary to carry out the calculation of environmental impacts.The results obtained showed, in very general terms, that the application of thermal insulation to the opaque envelope of buildings on the European continent is more beneficial in energy and environmental terms than from an economic perspective. Additionally, the optimal thickness of thermal insulation depends on the type of building, the type of climate and the perspective from which the analysis was carried out (energy, environmental or economic).
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Master thesis 2020 PortugalAuthors: Cabral, Frederico Miguel Leite;O ecoturismo é, hoje, definido como uma forma responsável de viajar, para áreas naturais, tendo por base conservação do meio ambiente e do bem-estar da população local, enquanto envolvendo a interpretação e a educação. Os objetivos deste estudo assentaram na caracterização do ecoturismo e na avaliação do seu impacto no desenvolvimento sustentável da ilha de São Miguel. Foram analisadas as perceções de três grupos da ilha de São Miguel: turistas, residentes e empresas do setor turístico. O propósito desta investigação empírica foi o de caracterizar as perceções recolhidas destes grupos quanto ao impacto socioeconómico e ambiental relativamente ao ecoturismo respondendo, à Q.I.: Qual o impacto socioeconómico e ambiental do ecoturismo nos principais stakeholders que alberga o turismo na ilha de São Miguel? A amostra dos turistas é caracterizada por ser 59,5% composta por turistas portugueses, os principais fatores de escolha deste destino são: “Beleza das paisagens”, “Sossego e tranquilidade/relaxamento” e “Contacto com a natureza”. A autoavaliação da preocupação ambiental por parte do turista foi alta, embora, 45% dos inquiridos não denotaram impactos do turismo no meio ambiente. A amostra dos residentes é composta em 73,1% por residentes de Ponta Delgada. O residente padrão da amostra denota que mediante o aumento do turismo verificou-se alguns aspetos positivos, mas, regra geral, perdeu qualidade de vida. Adicionalmente, é evidenciado, o aumento do lixo e da degradação paisagística e o seu desagrado com o planeamento do desenvolvimento turístico da região por parte do governo. Por último, 64,4% das empresas do setor turístico pertencem ao setor do alojamento e 96,6% tem origem regional. As empresas inquiridas avaliam de forma elevada a sua preocupação ambiental, mas 75,4% das empresas, revela que seria possível desenvolver a sua atividade de uma forma mais ecológica. Nowadays, ecotourism is defined as a responsible way to travel to a natural area, conserving the environment and the well-being of the local people, while involving the education and interpretation of the surrounding. The goal of this study was to characterize the ecotourism and evaluate its impact on the sustainable development of the island of São Miguel. The perceptions of three groups of people on São Miguel were analysed: tourists, residents and companies in the tourism sector. This empirical investigation characterized the perceptions gathered from these groups, regarding the socioeconomic and environmental impact of ecotourism, therefore answering the R.Q.: What is the socioeconomic and environmental impact of ecotourism on the main stakeholders of tourism on the island of São Miguel? The tourist’s sample is mainly composed of Portuguese tourists (59,5%), and the main factors when choosing São Miguel as their destination are: “Beautiful landscapes”, “Peace and quiet/relaxation” and “Contact with nature”. The tourists reported high environmental concern. Although, 45% of the respondents did not denote tourism impacts on the environment. The sample of residents is mainly made up of people living in Ponta Delgada (73,1%). The standard resident of this sample denotes that with the increase in tourism, there has been some positive aspects, but generally, quality of life has decreased. In addition, there has been an increase in garbage, landscape degradation and displeasure with the government planning for tourism development. Finally, 64,4% of the companies in the tourism sector belong to the accommodation industry and 96,6% of all companies inquired are characterized as local companies. The surveyed companies assess their environmental concern as high, but 75,4% of the companies reveal that it would be possible to develop their activity in a more ecological way.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Master thesis 2022 PortugalAuthors: Ivo, Nicole de Almeida;Parceria com a Universidade de Lisboa - Instituto de Geografia e Ordenamento do Território Num mundo contemporâneo cada vez mais globalizado, não é de estranhar o papel que o turismo tem demonstrado num meio onde as experiências deixam de pertencer menos ao domínio do local, começando a envolver vários contactos e experiências universais, resultando num interculturalismo que compõe a partilha entre turista e comunidade, essencial ao estabelecimento de uma tipologia turística como o justice tourism. Daqui surgem vários fatores que podem, quando manobrados de certa forma, ser manipulados para o empreendimento do bem-estar e conservação das comunidades. O objetivo geral desta dissertação, passa, assim, por explicar um fenómeno turístico recente a que chamamos de justice tourism, um modelo de turismo alternativo que em muito difere de outras tipologias turísticas com que por vezes é comparado, nomeadamente o pro poor tourism e o peace through tourism, como à frente se verá. Depois de aprofundarmos os conceitos de ética, justiça, multiculturalismo, sustentabilidade, paz e direitos humanos, essenciais para enquadrar e problematizar o justice tourism, a nossa atenção debruçar-se-á na compreensão do núcleo desta tipologia turística. A sua essência, passa, assim, por ser uma forma justa de viajar entre membros de diferentes comunidades, visando atingir o entendimento mútuo, solidariedade e igualdade entre participantes. O justice tourism é um dos mais eficazes meios de promover o entendimento e respeito mútuos, bem como a educação, trocas económicas e proteção ambiental, tendo um papel central na conservação da vida comunitária. Com o aprofundamento de tais conceitos levaremos a nossa direção para o caso empírico da Guiné-Bissau. Com uma história marcadamente conturbada, marcada por sucessivos golpes de Estado, crises políticas, corrupção e pelo seu relevante papel no narcotráfico, o país parece não encontrar maneira de aproveitar os seus vastos recursos naturais e a conservação dos seus grupos étnicos para a promoção de um turismo sustentável que levaria a um maior desenvolvimento político, cultural e económico. Assim, compreendendo informação relativa às características que compõem a Guiné Bissau, perceberemos se será possível implementar no país este modelo de turismo que se denomina de justice tourism. In an increasingly globalized contemporary world, it is not surprising to notice the role that tourism has shown in a milieu where experiences not only belong to the realm of the local, thus beginning to get involved in various universal contacts and experiences. This results in an interculturalism that makes the sharing between tourist and community essential to the establishment of a tourist typology such as justice tourism. From here arise several factors that can, when maneuvered in a certain way, be manipulated for the undertaking of the communities' well-being and conservation. The primary goal of this dissertation is, therefore, to explain the recent tourist phenomenon that we call justice tourism, an alternative tourism model that is very different from other tourist typologies with which it is sometimes compared, namely poor pro tourism and peace through tourism, as we will see below. After dwelling into the concepts of ethics, justice, multiculturalism, sustainability, peace and human rights, essential to frame and problematize justice tourism, our attention will focus on understanding the core of this tourist typology. Its essence is, therefore, to be a fair way of traveling among members of different communities, aiming to achieve mutual understanding, solidarity and equality among participants. Justice tourism is one of the most effective means of promoting mutual understanding and respect, as well as education, economic exchange, and where environmental protection plays a central role in the conservation of life within the community. With the deepening of such concepts, we will redirect our attention to the empirical case of Guinea-Bissau. With a troubled history, marked by successive coups d'état, political crises, corruption and its relevant role in drug trafficking, the country does not seem to find a way to take advantage of its vast natural resources and the conservation of its ethnic groups for the promotion of a sustainable tourism that would lead to greater political, cultural and economic development. Thus, by collecting data regarding the characteristics that make up Guinea-Bissau, we will try to determine the possibilities of implementing justice tourism in the country.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Master thesis 2021 PortugalAuthors: Dias, Inês Patrícia Caleiras;Relatório de Estágio do Mestrado em Gestão apresentado à Faculdade de Economia No âmbito do Mestrado em Gestão da Faculdade de Economia da Universidade de Coimbra, foi elaborado o presente documento que reflete o estágio curricular de 4 meses realizado na EDP-Gestão da Produção. A temática da RSE, escolhida como foco do presente relatório, surge por ter emergido como uma preocupação central a vários dos assuntos abordados durante o estágio e por se considerar um tema central para a empresa EDP, desde logo por fazer parte do Índice de Sustentabilidade Dow Jones. O objetivo do trabalho é o desenvolvimento das principais temáticas da RSE, apresentando-se a evolução conceptual, os principais modelos teóricos e a sistematização das teorias, assim como a abordagem Europeia e Nacional à RSE, a distinção dos conceitos de RSE, Sustentabilidade e Desenvolvimento Sustentável, as vantagens da implementação da RSE e os instrumentos e ferramentas que são utilizados pelas empresas – normas internacionais, relatórios de sustentabilidade, GRI Standards e índices de RSE. Por fim, analisa-se o impacto da RSE nas comunidades locais, recorrendo ao estudo do Relatório de Sustentabilidade da EDP. Pode-se inferir que as práticas de RSE têm um impacto bastante positivo nas comunidades locais, quer ao nível do seu bem-estar quer ao nível do desenvolvimento económico e que o desenvolvimento e investimento em práticas de Responsabilidade Social tem também um retorno positivo para a empresa. A EDP tem um elevado comprometimento com as comunidades locais ao desenvolver um conjunto de programas de investimento social, assumindo a sustentabilidade no seu ADN e contribuindo ativamente e de forma voluntária para os Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS). As part of the Master’s degree in Management at the Faculty of Economics of the University of Coimbra, this document was prepared to reflect the curricular internship of 4 months held at EDP-Production Management. The theme of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), chosen as the focus of this report, emerged as a central concern to several of the issues addressed during the internship and because it is considered a central theme for the EDP company, since it is part of the Dow Jones Sustainability Index. The aim of the work is the development of the main themes of CSR, presenting the conceptual evolution, the main theoretical models and the systematization of theories, as well as the European and National approach to CSR, the distinction of the concepts of CSR, Sustainability and Sustainable Development, the advantages of the implementation of CSR and the tools that are used by companies – international standards, sustainability reports, GRI Standards and CSR indexes. Finally, the impact of CSR on local communities is analyzed, using the study of EDP’s Sustainability Report. It can be inferred that CSR practices have a very positive impact on local communities, both in terms of their well-being and in terms of economic development and that the development and investment in Social Responsibility practices also have a positive return on the company. EDP has a high commitment to local communities by developing a set of social investment programs, assuming sustainability in its DNA and contributing actively and voluntarily to the Sustainable Development Goals.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Master thesis 2018 PortugalAuthors: Araújo, Sérgio Manuel Sampaio;Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Engenharia Electrotécnica e de Computadores apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia In photovoltaic solar systems in buildings, the mismatch between the energy generation and consumption leads to the need to inject energy into the grid, with a negative economic impact. To avoid it, the use of energy storage systems is increasingly important in order to store the surplus energy generation to be used in periods where the generation is lower than the consumption. Therefore, arises the need of intelligent control algorithms which, according to a predefined objective, ensure the correct management not only of the energy storage system, but also of the available solar resource.The main objective of this thesis was to analyse the impact of photovoltaic solar energy generation together with an energy storage system with lithium ion batteries in buildings of the services sector. For that, the building of the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering of the University of Coimbra, which already has a photovoltaic solar system installed, was used as case study. The sizing of a possible expansion of the current photovoltaic system was done, as well as the sizing of a storage system with the aim to ensure reduction of costs with the purchased electricity. Thus, an intelligent control algorithm was implemented in MATLAB environment with the objective of managing and controlling the storage system to ensure the objectives of maximizing the self-consumption and minimizing costs with energy imported from the grid.Different scenarios were simulated and analysed, and through the analysis of the technical and economic availability it was possible to verify that the developed control strategies were successful, allowing to achieve good results regarding the reduction of the costs with the imported energy from the grid and the maximization of the self-consumption, as well as making the investment in the storage system cost-effective. Nos sistemas solares fotovoltaicos em edifícios o desajuste entre a produção de energia elétrica e o consumo leva à necessidade de injeção de energia na rede, com um impacto económico negativo. Para o evitar, é cada vez mais importante o uso de sistemas de armazenamento, com vista a armazenar a energia gerada em excesso de modo a esta ser utilizada em períodos onde a produção seja inferior ao consumo. Surge assim a necessidade de algoritmos de controlo inteligentes que, de acordo com um objetivo predefinido, assegurem a gestão correta não só do sistema de armazenamento, mas também do recurso solar disponível.O objetivo primordial desta dissertação foi analisar o impacto da geração de energia elétrica solar fotovoltaica em conjunto com um sistema de armazenamento de energia elétrica com baterias de iões de lítio em edifícios do setor dos serviços. Para tal, foi utilizado como objeto de estudo o edifício do Departamento de Engenharia Eletrotécnica e de Computadores da Universidade de Coimbra que conta já com um sistema solar fotovoltaico instalado. Foi realizado o dimensionamento de uma possível expansão do sistema atual, assim como o dimensionamento de um sistema de armazenamento que permita reduzir os custos com a compra de energia elétrica da rede. Assim, foi também implementado em ambiente MATLAB um algoritmo de controlo inteligente com o objetivo de fazer a gestão e controlo do sistema de armazenamento para assegurar os objetivos de maximização do autoconsumo e de minimização dos custos com a energia importada da rede.Foram simulados e analisados diferentes cenários e através da análise da viabilidade técnica e económica realizada foi possível constatar que as estratégias de controlo desenvolvidas foram bem-sucedidas, permitindo alcançar bons resultados relativos à redução dos custos com a importação de energia da rede e maximização do autoconsumo, assim como tornar rentável o investimento no sistema de armazenamento.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Research 2016Publisher:Brasília: Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada (IPEA) Authors: Sambuichi, Regina Helena Rosa; Galindo, Ernesto Pereira; Pereira, Rodrigo Mendes; Constantino, Michel; +1 AuthorsSambuichi, Regina Helena Rosa; Galindo, Ernesto Pereira; Pereira, Rodrigo Mendes; Constantino, Michel; dos Santos Rabetti, Matheus;This paper analyzes the production diversity among Brazilian agricultural family farms, using the DAP (declaration of Pronaf entitlement). The diversity is measured with a Simpson index, that goes from zero, for monocultures, to one. Production is considerably diversified in these types of farms. 57% of them have a diversification index above 0,35, although it has been noticed an increase in specialization in recent years. The share of monoculture farms rose from 25% in 2012 to 33% in 2014. The diversification index is set as the dependent variable on a Tobit regression with variables that are commonly used to explain the decision to diversify, such as regional dummies, farm size, number of farms, farmer's age, income from social benefits, education, gross production, or a dummy for access to technical assistance. All of these variables have significant effects on production diversity. The results suggest a strong regional bias in terms of diversification, as well as the importance of technical assistance and the availability of technologies in order to spur diversification among family farmers.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Doctoral thesis 2023 PortugalAuthors: Flambó, Tiago Miguel Albano;O desenvolvimento sustentável, como conceito fulcral para a sobrevivência do nosso planeta, engloba um conjunto de fatores dos quais a energia constitui uma parte vital. Esta ideia aparece inclusivamente vertida em diversos Objetivos do Desenvolvimentos Sustentável (ODS), tais como os Objetivos N.º 9, 11, 12 e 13. Os edifícios representam cerca de 50% do fenómeno de poluição ambiental, fruto do consumo energético inerente à sua utilização, que ascende a 41% de toda a energia primária produzida. Estes dados podem ser explicados pelo aumento da população mundial, a pouca reabilitação de edifícios a nível global e o exponencial aumento do consumo energético para suprir necessidades de aquecimento e arrefecimento de edifícios. Neste âmbito, considerou-se importante verificar a viabilidade de novas soluções que permitam criar estabilidade térmica dentro dos edifícios, como é o caso da aplicação de Materiais de Mudança de Fase (Phase Change Materials – PCM) em soluções construtivas. Os PCM apresentam uma comprovada capacidade de armazenamento térmico em comparação com as soluções tradicionais. Contudo, uma das grandes vantagens destes materiais reside na não necessidade de armazenamento de energia elétrica, mas sim o armazenamento da energia térmica do ambiente envolvente. A modelação da aplicação dos materiais num edifício-tipo e num edifício real, permitiu obter diferenças nas temperaturas de pico interiores de até 1 °C, bem como uma redução global de consumos energéticos entre 12% e 23%, para a espessura mínima dos PCM comerciais analisados. A introdução dos PCM permitiu, de igual forma, a redução da amplitude térmica interior, observando-se reduções até 83%. A adoção deste tipo de soluções leva a que seja possível obter reduções de emissões entre os 3,3% e os 33%, no edifício de mais baixa eficiência energética e entre os 2% e os 8%, para o caso de um edifício de maior eficiência energética. O período de retorno do investimento nestes materiais mostrou-se elevando, sendo um desafio ao vetor social da sustentabilidade. Sustainable development, as a key concept for the survival of our planet, includes a set of factors of which energy is a vital part. This idea also appears in several Sustainable Development Objectives (SDO), such as Objectives Nos. 9, 11, 12 and 13. Buildings represent about 50% of the environmental pollution phenomenon, resulting from the energy consumption inherent to its use, which amounts to 41% of all primary energy produced. This can be explained by the increase of the world population, the limited rehabilitation of buildings worldwide and the exponential increase in energy consumption, to meet heating and cooling needs of buildings. In this context it will be important to verify the viability of new solutions that allow thermal stability in buildings, such as the application of Phase Change Materials (PCM) in constructive solutions. PCM have proven thermal storage capacity compared to traditional coating solutions. However, one of the great advantages of these materials lies in the fact that they do not need to store electrical energy, but the storage of thermal energy from the surrounding environment. The application of the materials, in a simulated context, in a model building and in a real building, allowed to obtain differences in interior peak temperatures of up to 1 °C, as well as an overall reduction in energy consumption between 12% and 23%, for the minimum commercial thickness of the PCM used. The introduction of PCM also made it possible to reduce the interior temperature range, with reductions of up to 83% observed. About the environmental sustainability themes, the adoption of this type of solution led to emission reductions between 3.3% and 33%, in the low-efficiency building, and between 2% and 8%, for the most efficient building. The payback period for the investment in these materials need to be increased, representing a challenge to the social vector of sustainability.
Repositório Aberto d... arrow_drop_down Repositório Aberto da Universidade AbertaDoctoral thesis . 2023Data sources: Repositório Aberto da Universidade Abertaadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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visibility 35visibility views 35 download downloads 18 Powered bymore_vert Repositório Aberto d... arrow_drop_down Repositório Aberto da Universidade AbertaDoctoral thesis . 2023Data sources: Repositório Aberto da Universidade Abertaadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Master thesis 2022 PortugalAuthors: Cardoso, André Filipe Silva;No município do Seixal, pretende-se estudar a implementação de um projeto para a produção de hidrogénio verde. Este projeto nasceu pela necessidade de responder às metas da descarbonização em Portugal, como sendo uma forte ferramenta para alcançarmos a desejada neutralidade carbónica. O projeto piloto tem como base a obtenção de hidrogénio verde para descarbonizar setores e eletrificar os mesmos de uma maneira “verde”. Neste âmbito, o município do Seixal está empenhado na criação de uma comunidade de energias renováveis para fornecimento de energia ao parque industrial do Seixal e dessa mesma energia verde, fazer uso por meio de um sistema eletrolisador para a obtenção de hidrogénio verde para várias finalidades. Desta forma, no presente projeto, após uma parte teórica acerca dos métodos de obtenção de hidrogénio, modos de utilização do mesmo, e contextualização do hidrogénio em Portugal, é proposto um estudo para aferir a forma mais rentável de utilização do hidrogénio resultante desse projeto piloto do município. Serão apresentados diferentes cenários, tais como a utilização do hidrogénio em três cadeias de valor, sendo estas power-to-mobility, power-to-gas e power-to-power e ainda dois contextos onde a energia utilizada na produção de hidrogénio tem proveniências distintas, um sistema fotovoltaico privado e outro comunitário. Todos os cenários apresentados por meio de uma análise financeira, resultam em valores que na atualidade permitem ser minimamente aceitáveis sem recurso a quaisquer incentivos monetários. No futuro, com o amadurecimento das tecnologias poderá ser possível obter resultados mais favoráveis, na medida em que os períodos de retorno do investimento nos vários cenários será inferior, conseguindo-se assim uma introdução do hidrogénio mais acessível nos vários setores económicos e uma economia cada vez mais neutra em carbono, indo de encontro às perspetivas europeias. This project was born from the necessity of achieving the decarbonization targets set in Portugal in order to reach the so desired carbon neutrality and as so, it is going to be investigated the implementation of a green hydrogen production project under Seixal’s municipality. The pilot project basis is established in the obtention of green hydrogen in order to decarbonize sectors and start the process of electrification in a green way. Additionally Seixal’s municipality is invested in the creation of a renewable energies community mainly focused to supply its own industrial complex, and use that same green energy through an electrolyser system in order to obtain green hydrogen for multiple purposes. Firstly, this project will introduce the process of hydrogen obtention, utilization and contextualization in Portugal, followed by a study to assess the best way, rate of return wise, to use the hydrogen sourced from the municipality’s pilot project. Several scenarios will be presented, such as the use of hydrogen in three chain values: power-to-mobility, power-to-gas and power-to-power. There are also two additional contexts where the energy used in the hydrogen production came from two distinct sources: a private photovoltaic system and a communitary one. All of the scenarios are presented through a financial analysis that result in actual minimal acceptable values with no financial incentives needed. However, futuristically, and technologically speaking, given the technological improvement on the equipment used, it is possible to obtain favourable results in such a way that the payback period on every scenario will be lower, hence making it an accessible insertion of hydrogen energy for all the economic sectors involved, contributing overall towards a more carbon neutral economy and therefore meeting the European set targets.
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