Seawater carbonate chemistry and body size, change in allele frequency of Strongylocentrotus purpuratus larvae
Seawater carbonate chemistry and body size, change in allele frequency of Strongylocentrotus purpuratus larvae
Standing genetic variation is important for population persistence in extreme environmental conditions. While some species may have the capacity to adapt to predicted average future global change conditions, the ability to survive extreme events is largely unknown. We used single-generation selection experiments on hundreds of thousands of Strongylocentrotus purpuratus sea urchin larvae generated from wild-caught adults to identify adaptive genetic variation responsive to moderate (pH 8.0) and extreme (pH 7.5) low-pH conditions. Sequencing genomic DNA from pools of larvae, we identified consistent changes in allele frequencies across replicate cultures for each pH condition and observed increased linkage disequilibrium around selected loci, revealing selection on recombined standing genetic variation. We found that loci responding uniquely to either selection regime were at low starting allele frequencies while variants that responded to both pH conditions (11.6% of selected variants) started at high frequencies. Loci under selection performed functions related to energetics, pH tolerance, cell growth and actin/cytoskeleton dynamics. These results highlight that persistence in future conditions will require two classes of genetic variation: common, pH-responsive variants maintained by balancing selection in a heterogeneous environment, and rare variants, particularly for extreme conditions, that must be maintained by large population sizes.
In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Gattuso et al, 2019) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation by seacarb is 2020-02-17.
Supplement to: Brennan, Reid S; Garrett, April D; Huber, Kaitlin E; Hargarten, Heidi; Pespeni, Melissa H (2019): Rare genetic variation and balanced polymorphisms are important for survival in global change conditions. Proceedings of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences, 286(1904), 20190943
Gene expression (incl. proteomics), Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC), Temperate, Registration number of species, Identification, Salinity, Name, Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L), inorganic, Alkalinity, total, standard deviation, Alkalinity, total scale, Temperature, water, Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al 2010, Aragonite saturation state, North Pacific, Bottles or small containers Aquaria 20 L, Alkalinity, total, total, pH, Pelagos, Temperature, dissolved, Body size, Laboratory experiment, Carbonate ion, Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air), Temperature, water, standard deviation, Earth System Research, standard deviation, pH, NBS scale, Gene expression incl proteomics, Uniform resource locator link to reference, NBS scale, Echinodermata, Calcite saturation state, water, Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, Change, Zooplankton, Uniform resource locator/link to reference, Salinity, standard deviation, Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre OA ICC, Animalia, Type, Bicarbonate ion, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010), Probability, Species, Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L), Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation, Carbonate system computation flag, pH, standard deviation, Base pair size, pH, total scale, Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air), Carbon, Treatment, Partial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet air, Carbon dioxide, Single species, Fugacity of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet air, Coast and continental shelf
Gene expression (incl. proteomics), Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC), Temperate, Registration number of species, Identification, Salinity, Name, Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L), inorganic, Alkalinity, total, standard deviation, Alkalinity, total scale, Temperature, water, Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al 2010, Aragonite saturation state, North Pacific, Bottles or small containers Aquaria 20 L, Alkalinity, total, total, pH, Pelagos, Temperature, dissolved, Body size, Laboratory experiment, Carbonate ion, Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air), Temperature, water, standard deviation, Earth System Research, standard deviation, pH, NBS scale, Gene expression incl proteomics, Uniform resource locator link to reference, NBS scale, Echinodermata, Calcite saturation state, water, Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, Change, Zooplankton, Uniform resource locator/link to reference, Salinity, standard deviation, Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre OA ICC, Animalia, Type, Bicarbonate ion, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010), Probability, Species, Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L), Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation, Carbonate system computation flag, pH, standard deviation, Base pair size, pH, total scale, Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air), Carbon, Treatment, Partial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet air, Carbon dioxide, Single species, Fugacity of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet air, Coast and continental shelf