This study presents the performance behavior of bifacial photovoltaic (PV) modules in comparison to monofacial standard modules. The novelty lies in the fact to investigate the topic of irradiance enhancement. The impact of meteorological parameters on the performance of different bifacial photovoltaic module types of same cell type was determined. A cloud classification with sky imager was performed for clouds that trigger irradiance enhancements and interpretation of the underlying physical mechanisms was done. The main focus of this study was the appearance of irradiance enhancement events, the change of meteorological parameters during enhancement and the impact of these changes on the performance of photovoltaic bifacial module technologies. The analysis of efficiencies as well as yield performance was done in comparison to mono crystalline reference modules for the full year as well as only during irradiance enhancement. The impact of meteorological parameters on the performance of different bifacial photovoltaic module types was determined time resolved during irradiance enhancement as well as for a diurnal cycle in the period 04/2020–06/2021. Irradiance enhancements exceeding 1000 Wm−2 were found to occur only on days with clouds in Vienna (Austria). For 179 irradiance enhancement situations analysed, 81 % of all enhancements happened for cloudiness greater than 0.4 and still 30 % for a cloudiness greater than 0.7, the latter resulting also in single enhancement events greater than 1150 Wm−2. Cloud genera preferentially causing irradiance enhancements were identified as Altocumulus and Cumulus clouds. The mechanism of irradiance enhancement compatible to the position of the sun towards the clouds were in accordance with the cloud types Mie-scattering and edge reflections, respectively, or a mix of both. The overall photovoltaic long term performance results showed that the average weighted absolute efficiencies of the bifacial photovoltaic modules were 2–4 % higher than the ones of monofacial standard reference modules. The performance of the bifacial modules increased consistently between 17–24 % throughout the 15 month period of investigation independent of orientation with a visible seasonal variation, namely 19–28 % in winter, 18–24 % in spring, 16–25 % in summer and 17–27 % in autumn. This repository contains the pre- and post-measurement of the surface albedo (folder: Albedo), the statistical evaluation of the cloudiness index (folder: Cloud evaluation), the cloud pictures during irradiance enhancements exceeding 1015 Wm-2 (folder: Cloud pictures RE_times_1100-1015), the ambient temperature and irradiance (folder: Wheaterstation_files) and the calculated average wavelength of the solar spectrum during measurement (folder: average_wavelength). Also, the folder Biface data contains the meausrement of the module power and energy yield of the test modules.