Overview This dataset contains the following data and results: (1) National age-adjusted and age-invariant VSL estimates in 2019. (2) Global, regional, income-group, and national source-specific fractional contributions to PM2.5, health costs, and disparities estimated using both MR-BRT and GEMM CRFs, along with classifications of each country into different regions and income groups. (3) National total deaths and health costs, as well as source-specific deaths and costs using both MR-BRT and GEMM CRFs. (4) Gridded fractional source contributions to health costs from ambient PM2.5. The methodology and analysis of these results are described in the following article: Hao Yin, Erin McDuffie, Randall Martin, Michael Brauer, Global Health Costs of Ambient PM2.5 from Combustion Sources: A Modelling Study Supporting Air Pollution Control Strategies. Lancet Planetary Health. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(24)00098-6 Data File Descriptions File “1 - Age-adjusted and age-invariant VSL.xlsx” documents age-adjusted and age-invariant VSL estimates for 204 countries in 2019. File “2 - Source-specific fractional contributions to PM2.5, health costs, and disparities.xlsx” summarizes global, regional, income-group, and national source-specific fractional contributions to PM2.5, health costs, and disparities estimated using both MR-BRT and GEMM CRFs, along with classifications of each country into different regions and income groups. File “3 - National total and source-specific deaths and health costs.xlsx” includes national total deaths and health costs, as well as source-specific deaths and costs using both MR-BRT and GEMM CRFs. The raster files for gridded fractional source contributions to health costs from ambient PM2.5 include multiple layers. The first raster file, "4-gridded_health_cost_fuel_vsl_age_contribution.tif" documents the gridded individual source contribution to health costs estimated using the age-adjusted VSL measure at a resolution of 0.01°x0.01°. The second raster file, "5-gridded_health_cost_fuel_vsl_contribution.tif" documents the gridded individual source contribution to health costs estimated using the age-invariant VSL measure at the same resolution. The layer names in these files (#4 and #5) are as follows: (1) Base (all sources included) (2) Solid biofuel (3) Total coal (4) Liquid fuel and natural gas (5) Windblown dust (6) AFCID (AFCID dust) (7) Agricultural waste burning (8) Other fires (9) Other sources The raster file "6-gridded_health_cost_comb_noncomb_vsl_age_contribution.tif " documents the gridded contributions of combustion and non-combustion sources to health costs from PM2.5 using the age-adjusted VSL measure. The raster file "7-gridded_health_cost_comb_noncomb_vsl_contribution.tif" documents the gridded contributions of combustion and non-combustion sources to health costs from PM2.5 using the age-invariant VSL measure. These two raster files (#6 and #7) contain three layers: (1) Base (all sources included) (2) Combustion sources (3) Non-combustion sources For more detailed information on the source definition, please refer to our paper. Hao Yin, Erin McDuffie, Randall Martin, Michael Brauer, Global Health Costs of Ambient PM2.5 from Combustion Sources: A Modelling Study Supporting Air Pollution Control Strategies. Lancet Planetary Health. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(24)00098-6