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This is the database of articles "Global supply chains amplify economic costs of future extreme heat risk". The database contains the number of deaths caused by future heat waves in countries around the world under different SSP scenarios (e.g. SSP119, SSP245, SSP585), as well as global health losses, labor losses, and indirect losses as a percentage of national or sectoral value added under different SSP scenarios.

La gestion des risques a réduit la vulnérabilité aux inondations et aux sécheresses dans le monde1,2, mais leurs impacts continuent d'augmenter3. Une meilleure compréhension des causes de l'évolution des impacts est donc nécessaire, mais a été entravée par un manque de données empiriques4,5. Sur la base d'un ensemble de données mondiales de 45 paires d'événements qui se sont produits dans la même zone, nous montrons que la gestion des risques réduit généralement les impacts des inondations et des sécheresses, mais fait face à des difficultés pour réduire les impacts d'événements sans précédent d'une ampleur jamais connue auparavant. Si le deuxième événement était beaucoup plus dangereux que le premier, son impact était presque toujours plus élevé. En effet, la gestion n'a pas été conçue pour faire face à de tels événements extrêmes : par exemple, ils ont dépassé les niveaux de conception des digues et des réservoirs. Dans deux cas de réussite, l'impact du deuxième événement, plus dangereux, a été plus faible, en raison de l'amélioration de la gouvernance de la gestion des risques et des investissements élevés dans la gestion intégrée. La difficulté observée à gérer des événements sans précédent est alarmante, étant donné que des événements hydrologiques plus extrêmes sont projetés en raison du changement climatique3. La gestión de riesgos ha reducido la vulnerabilidad a las inundaciones y sequías a nivel mundial1,2, pero sus impactos siguen aumentando3. Por lo tanto, se necesita una mejor comprensión de las causas de los impactos cambiantes, pero se ha visto obstaculizada por la falta de datos empíricos4,5. Sobre la base de un conjunto de datos global de 45 pares de eventos que ocurrieron dentro de la misma área, mostramos que la gestión de riesgos generalmente reduce los impactos de inundaciones y sequías, pero enfrenta dificultades para reducir los impactos de eventos sin precedentes de una magnitud no experimentada anteriormente. Si el segundo evento era mucho más peligroso que el primero, su impacto era casi siempre mayor. Esto se debe a que la gestión no fue diseñada para hacer frente a tales eventos extremos: por ejemplo, superaron los niveles de diseño de diques y embalses. En dos casos de éxito, el impacto del segundo evento, más peligroso, fue menor, como resultado de una mejor gobernanza de la gestión de riesgos y una alta inversión en la gestión integrada. La dificultad observada para gestionar eventos sin precedentes es alarmante, dado que se proyectan eventos hidrológicos más extremos debido al cambio climático3. Risk management has reduced vulnerability to floods and droughts globally1,2, yet their impacts are still increasing3. An improved understanding of the causes of changing impacts is therefore needed, but has been hampered by a lack of empirical data4,5. On the basis of a global dataset of 45 pairs of events that occurred within the same area, we show that risk management generally reduces the impacts of floods and droughts but faces difficulties in reducing the impacts of unprecedented events of a magnitude not previously experienced. If the second event was much more hazardous than the first, its impact was almost always higher. This is because management was not designed to deal with such extreme events: for example, they exceeded the design levels of levees and reservoirs. In two success stories, the impact of the second, more hazardous, event was lower, as a result of improved risk management governance and high investment in integrated management. The observed difficulty of managing unprecedented events is alarming, given that more extreme hydrological events are projected owing to climate change3. أدت إدارة المخاطر إلى تقليل التعرض للفيضانات والجفاف على مستوى العالم1,2، ومع ذلك لا تزال آثارها تتزايد3. لذلك هناك حاجة إلى فهم أفضل لأسباب تغير التأثيرات، ولكن أعيق ذلك بسبب نقص البيانات التجريبية4، 5. على أساس مجموعة بيانات عالمية مكونة من 45 زوجًا من الأحداث التي وقعت داخل نفس المنطقة، نظهر أن إدارة المخاطر تقلل عمومًا من آثار الفيضانات والجفاف ولكنها تواجه صعوبات في الحد من آثار الأحداث غير المسبوقة ذات الحجم الذي لم تشهده من قبل. إذا كان الحدث الثاني أكثر خطورة من الأول، فإن تأثيره كان دائمًا أعلى. وذلك لأن الإدارة لم تكن مصممة للتعامل مع مثل هذه الأحداث المتطرفة: على سبيل المثال، تجاوزت مستويات تصميم السدود والخزانات. في قصتي نجاح، كان تأثير الحدث الثاني، الأكثر خطورة، أقل، نتيجة لتحسين حوكمة إدارة المخاطر والاستثمار العالي في الإدارة المتكاملة. إن الصعوبة الملحوظة في إدارة الأحداث غير المسبوقة تنذر بالخطر، بالنظر إلى أنه من المتوقع حدوث المزيد من الأحداث الهيدرولوجية المتطرفة بسبب تغير المناخ3.

Current ecological and social crises are fuelling the idea that societies have arrived at an impasse. The “old narrative” which prioritises the pursuit of economic growth does not provide meaningful solutions to the various challenges societies are currently facing. On the contrary, it seems to be a fundamental source of several of its predicaments. Criticisms of this old narrative have existed for decades, alongside the emergence of alternative visions of a good life for all within environmental limits. This report will show that the scientific literature in this field is converging towards a sound theoretical foundation for a new narrative based on the distinction between three dimensions: Wellbeing reflects the average wellbeing of the current generation. Inclusion relates to the distribution of wellbeing between regions and social groups. Sustainability refers to the wellbeing of future generations. In accordance with these dimensions, the main socio-political goal of the new narrative envisioned is therefore defined as sustainable and inclusive wellbeing. However, relative to the economic growth narrative, new narratives have only had a small impact on public policies of national governments or international governance, laws, and treaties. Why? This is one of the enduring questions in the “Beyond-Growth” debate this theoretical framework seeks to address. For this purpose, the theoretical framework develops a theory of institutional change conceptualising how narratives influence the policies, governance, and technical infrastructure (i.e. the metrics, accounts, and macroeconomic models) that shape our societies. The framework is applied to examine both the enduring dominance of the economic growth narrative and the reasons behind the limited success of new narratives thus far. Moreover, the theory of institutional change outlines how a shift from economic growth towards a new narrative may be orchestrated, thus tilting the scale towards sustainable and inclusive wellbeing. It is argued that the establishment of technical infrastructure presents a crucial lever to shape governance and policies, which may give rise to a virtuous circle supporting the institutionalisation of the sustainable and inclusive wellbeing narrative. Given the importance of the technical infrastructure to advance a new narrative within the political institutions, this report provides an interdisciplinary theoretical synthesis to guide the selection and development of metrics, accounting frameworks, and macroeconomic models in line with the sustainable and inclusive wellbeing narrative. The report concludes with eight practical recommendations on how various actors can support the tilting of the scale towards the sustainable and inclusive wellbeing narrative.

Half-wavelength AC transmission (HWACT) is an ultra-long distance AC transmission technology, whose electrical distance is close to half-wavelength at the system power frequency. It is very important for the construction and operation of HWACT to analyze its fault features and corresponding protection technology. In this paper, the steady-state voltage and current characteristics of the bus bar and fault point and the steady-state overvoltage distribution along the line will be analyzed when a three-phase symmetrical short-circuit fault occurs on an HWACT line. On this basis, the three-phase fault characteristics for longer transmission lines are also studied. Keywords: Half-wavelength AC transmission, Fault characteristics, Three-phase short-circuit, Fault distance, Overvoltage

Dataset of Noninvasive beam diagnosis based on the TM010 mode Dataset of Noninvasive beam diagnosis based on the TM010 mode

This report explores policy strategies and initiatives from Africa, China, the EU, Latin America, the US, and the Wellbeing Economy Governments (WEGo), by employing a conceptual framework based on the Brundtland and Stiglitz-Sen-Fitoussi report. This "WISE" framework distinguishes the dimensions of wellbeing (wellbeing of current generations), inclusion (distribution of wellbeing), and sustainability (wellbeing of future generations). It also considers the economy, viewed as a means to achieve these dimensions rather than as a goal itself. The aim of this report is to gain understanding of how WISE aspects are being integrated within the policy debate worldwide and the underlying narratives within political priorities, goals, and policies. We also aim to provide insights for the development of the WISE theoretical framework and models that will be developed in the WISE Horizons project. We find that the WISE lens is useful for investigating policies through a broader, more holistic perspective, avoiding focusing only on economic concepts with their limited scope or those that might be specific to certain locations. This is in line with the need for context-sensitive policies and approaches. Our analysis reveals that while most reviewed policy strategies relate to aspects of wellbeing, inclusion, and sustainability, these dimensions are not fully integrated in a comprehensive and balanced manner. Overall, despite global and regional diversity, it is possible to find some common ground. In terms of sustainability, the environmental dimension takes primary emphasis in most policy strategies. The report argues that the concept of sustainability needs to be further expanded to cover a broader range of topics around future generations. Inclusion is frequently emphasised, particularly in terms of poverty, inequality, and protection of vulnerable groups. However, the spatial dimension of inclusion beyond borders, i.e. considering the distribution of global wellbeing, is rare. Wellbeing is relevant in many but not all policy strategies and it mostly lacks holistic integration. Wellbeing often refers to living conditions, health, education, housing, employment, and energy availability. Aside from material considerations, cultural aspects, and heritage (especially in Africa, China, and Latin America), life satisfaction (especially in the WEGo and Latin America), and quality of the environment are mentioned. The interlinkage between WISE dimensions is evident, with the potential to reinforce (win-win) or hamper (trade-oȨs) each other. For example, using mineral revenues to enhance wellbeing today may compromise future wellbeing, while prioritising sustainability could limit wellbeing current. Peace is another example of a factor cutting across both present and future wellbeing, and its distribution. The demographic dimension emerged as an important aspect in all regions as well, encompassing variations in rural-urban settings, age structure (aging or youthful population), population density, migration etc. We will delve deeper into these aspects while advancing the WISE framework. Finally, the governance dimension also emerges as an important aspect from our analysis. In short, while WISE dimensions mostly address the what, there should also be attention given to the how. This includes looking at policymaking processes, policy implementation, and institutional structures. Find out more about the WISE Horizons project here.

The Forward Search Experiment (FASER) at CERN’s Large Hadron Collider (LHC) has recently directly detected the first collider neutrinos. Neutrinos play an important role in all FASER analyses, either as signal or background, and it is therefore essential to understand the neutrino event rates. In this study, we update previous simulations and present prescriptions for theoretical predictions of neutrino fluxes and cross sections, together with their associated uncertainties. With these results, we discuss the potential for possible measurements that could be carried out in the coming years with the FASER neutrino data to be collected in LHC Run 3 and Run 4. Physical review / D 110(1), 012009 (2024). doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.110.012009 Published by American Physical Society, Ridge, NY

With the development of modern power systems, especially that of the global energy internet, high-voltage, direct current (HVDC) cable power transmission will play an important role in the future. The key problem of HVDC cable power transmission is the need for novel cable insulation materials that have high performance, recyclability, and higher working temperature to replace traditional crosslinked polyethylene. This paper investigates the thermal and electrical properties of polypropylene (PP)/Al2O3 nanocomposites as a potential recyclable HVDC cable insulation material. The developed nanocomposites exhibit excellent thermal and electrical properties with the introduction of Al2O3 nanoparticles. Particularly, the space charge accumulation is greatly suppressed. Keywords: Global Energy Internet, Power transmission, HVDC cables, Eco-friendly insulation material