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Ponencia presentada en: IX Congreso de la Asociación Española de Climatología celebrado en Almería entre el 28 y el 30 de octubre de 2014. [ES]Se analiza después la evolución de la radiación solar global en Girona desde principios de los 90 a la actualidad, enmarcando los resultados en el incremento de radiación solar observado en España durante este periodo. Se ha encontrado que en los últimos 20 años (1994-2013), la radiación solar global media anual ha aumentado a un ritmo de 3.6 Wm-2 por década; buena parte de este aumento se debe a lo que ocurre en verano, con una tendencia de 9.1 Wm-2 por década. Estos valores son consistentes con lo que se ha observado en el entorno regional (Península Ibérica y sur de Francia). [EN]The evolution of the global solar radiation in Girona is then analysed from the early 1990s up to today, in the framework of the observed increase of solar radiation in Spain during this period. It is found that in the last 20 years (1994-2013), the annual average global solar radiation has increased at a rate of 3.6 Wm-2 per decade; much of this increase is due to what happens in summer, with a trend of 9.1 Wm-2 per decade. These values are consistent with what has been observed in the regional environment (Iberian Peninsula and southern France). Esta investigación ha sido financiada por el Ministerio Economía y Competitividad, a través del proyecto NUCLIERSOL (CGL2010-18546). El cuarto autor está financiado por una beca postdoctoral Beatriu de Pinós de la Generalitat de Catalunya (2011 BP-B 00078). El quinto autor disfruta de una beca predoctoral del Ministerio de Educación y Cultura (FPU AP2010-0917).

This report is a policy briefing containing the main findings of the PhD project Co-Creation of Sustainability-Oriented Innovations (SOIs) in Tourism. This project was conducted in close partnership with the Barcelona City Council to co-design institutional innovations to address sustainability challenges in the city by widely engaging stakeholders in a participatory process. To enable an open participatory process, the project was nested in the Consell de Turisme i Ciutat, which gathers key public, private and civil society organizations to discuss the main tourism development issues in the city of Barcelona. The project gathers data by conducting individual interviews, and a series of stakeholder workshops to better understand the complexity of designing SOIs collectively. Amongst the main findings, this report identifies how individual and collective conceptual nuances of innovation and sustainability affect the stakeholders' ability to embark on sustainability innovations in tourism. Further, it describes collective objectives, drivers and barriers that stakeholders identified when developing SOIs. The report also offers an analysis of current tourism specific and non-tourism SOIs in Barcelona and potential ways in which these existing SOIs could be leveraged to facilitate systemic change. One of the key findings of the study is a collection of co-created SOIs by the stakeholders, which are analysed in terms of their sustainability impact and their type of innovation. These SOIs include a wide range of policy actions and interventions related to management, product development and marketing, education, incentives and monitoring and evaluation. Amongst these SOIs, during the project, the stakeholders decided to focus on expanding on four SOIs which could have a greater potential to create systemic change in the sustainable development of the city and thus in the tourism sector. These four SOIs are presented in this report as one-page business plans to facilitate its potential application. Finally, the study provides a series of recommendations to enhance collaboration and governance mechanisms to allow SOIs to thrive as collective actions that are powered by legitimacy, trust and a fair distribution of power. In this line, to empower stakeholders to utilize the findings of this project the report introduces the idea of creating a Sustainability Innovation LivingLab.

El siglo XXI es el siglo de la sostenibilidad ambiental y de la lucha contra el cambio climático. El cambio climático va a condicionar políticas públicas y acciones privadas en todo el mundo para alcanzar el objetivo de reducción de emisiones establecidos en los acuerdos internacionales (Kyoto, París). El objetivo de este trabajo es llevar a cabo una revisión de los efectos ya constatados del cambio climático en la región mediterránea, así como las medidas de adaptación y mitigación a corto-medio plazo para hacer frente al calentamiento global, como son la adaptación de los espacios urbanos (escala local), y la mejora de la enseñanza sobre este fenómeno. Según la Agenda 2030, y concretamente los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible, el nº13 (“Acción por el clima”), establece dos acciones principales que los países deben culminar en 2030: la aprobación de leyes y planes de mitigación y adaptación, y la puesta en marcha de programas educativos. Finisterra, Vol. 58 N.º 122 (AOP) (2023)

In this issue we address the practice of rainwater harvesting in different settings, presenting experiences from Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Mexico, and Paraguay. Some of the papers were originally presented at the IX International Meeting of the WATERLAT-GOBACIT Network“Water, Rights, and Utopias: priorities in the process of democratization of water politics“, João Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil, 3-7 September 2018. Article 1 was authored by David Sauri, from the Autonomous University of Barcelona, Spain, co-editor of this issue. The article provides an overall introduction to the topic of rainwater harvesting. Article 2, by Martin Sanzana Calvet, Institute of Strategic Studies for Human Development (INEDH), Concepción, Bio-Bio, Chile, addresses the practice of fog catching in arid and semi arid regions of Chile. In Article 3, Daniel Tagle-Zamora, University of Guanajuato, Leon, Guanajuato, Mexico, presents findings from research on the implementation of public policies oriented at the provision of rainwater catchment technologies, mostly for domestic use ,in several municipalities of the semi arid State of Guanajuato, Mexico. Article 4 was co-authored by Roberto de Sousa Miranda, Federal University of the interior of Pernambuco and Federal University of Campina Grande, Paraiba, Brazil, and Laiany Tassila Ferreira, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Brazil.The article discusses the implementation of a national plan to provide rainwater cisterns in the semi arid region of North eastern Brazil, with emphasis on the experience of the State of Paraiba. Finally, Article 5, by Ana Maria Attias Sole and Ricardo Lombardo Lopez, from the North-eastern National University, Resistencia, Chaco, Argentina, provides an overview of the historic legacy of water practices and technologies inherited fromthe“syncretism”between indigenous communities (Tupi-Guarani), and the Jesuit territorial expansion that took place between the early seventeenth and the mid eighteenth centuries in a large region of South America encompassing parts of Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay. The article focuses mainly on examples from Argentina, Brazil, and Paraguay, and provides insights into the significance of historical-cultural research in the production of knowledge about rainwater technologies and the associated culture and practices, which also contributes to our network’s Thematic Area 7, Water-related Art, Communication, Culture, and Education.

AMADEUS es un proyecto europeo que investiga materiales y dispositivos de estado sólido para almacenar energía a muy alta temperatura. Usando aleados de silicio como materiales de cambio de fase se alcanzan calores latentes superiores a 1000 kWh/m3, propiciando la obtención de altísimas densidades energéticas. Dichos aleados suponen temperaturas de almacenamiento por encima de los 1000 ºC, muy por encima de las de los sistemas actuales de acumulación térmica. El artículo describe las actividades del proyecto y sus primeros resultados, explicando los principales retos de este nuevo sistema que combina la acumulación de energía en forma de calor en silicio fundido con dispositivos de estado sólido termiónicos y termofotovoltaicos para la posterior conversión en electricidad. AMADEUS is a H2020 project that researches on materials and solid-state devices for very high temperature energy storage and conversion. By exploring silicon-based alloys as new phase change materials (PCMs), latent heat higher than 1000 kWh/m3 is achievable, which implies a very high energy density. In addition, silicon-based PCMs lead to storage temperatures well beyond 1000 ºC, well beyond that of current state-of-the-art thermal energy storage (TES). This paper describes the project R&D activities and first results, and comments on challenges towards a new kind of systems combining latent heat energy storage in molten silicon with thermionic and thermophotovoltaic solid state heat-to-power conversion.

Dr. Gustavo Sosa Núñez presents to colleagues at Instituto Mora for the EU Horizon 2020 MSCA-RISE project PRODIGEES. Specializing in EU-Mexico relations and climate change policy, Dr. Núñez assesses the role of digitalisation in climate change mitigation and adaptation policies; specifically, the uses of artificial intelligence, and how and whether it is considered in climate change policies. The original upload can be found on BlueJeans: https://bluejeans.com/playback/s/c6qBisrseTp4sqy8IkIEwIuUgFLym0luboX2IxPDw2dHBcRzLfSVUyvPjLYzccUo Horizon 2020 MSCA-RISE, Grant Agreement #873119

Spanish abstract: Unas notas sobre el final del libro 'El lugar del hombre en el cosmos' de Fred Spier, sobre la sostenibilidad de la actual comunicación globalizada. La Gran Historia sitúa al ser humano en el contexto de la evolución cósmica y de la ecología de los recursos. Vivimos hoy en la Era de los Combustibles Fósiles. Con esta energía, la globalización se acelera. Las estructuras económicas, y por ende las políticas, cabalgan a lomos de combustibles fósiles, y sobre esta economía descansa la red de comunicaciones global que tiende a creer que está autosustentada y a ignorar esta dependencia. __________________________________________________________________________________ English abstract: "Globalization and Sustainability" — Some notes on the end of Fred Spier's 'Big HIstory and the Future of Humanity', with regard to the sustainability of present-day globalized communications. Big History contextualizes humanity within the context of cosmic evolution and the ecology of resources. Today we live in the Age of Fossil Fuels—which fuel accelerated globalization. Economic structures, and political ones likewise, ride on the availability of fossil fuels, and so does the present-day network of global communications, which tends to forget this dependency and rests on an illusion of self-sustainability.

[ES]Hacia comienzos de 2021 aparecieron dos mensajes contradictorios en sendos medios de Baleares, afirmando uno de ellos que el archipiélago lideraba el calentamiento climático en España mientras que el otro anunciaba que Baleares era una de las regiones donde menos había subido la temperatura desde 1961. Como ambos medios decían basarse en trabajos publicados por instituciones científicas, esta contradicción no podía sino generar desconfianza en el público receptor de estos mensajes. El problema parece residir en que el cálculo de las tendencias en las series climáticas (temperaturas en este caso) puede arrojar resultados muy diferentes según el periodo utilizado, el número de series y si éstas se han sometido previamente a un proceso de homogeneización o no. En este trabajo revisamos los distintos valores de las tendencias de la temperatura en Baleares publicadas en el pasado y las comparamos con nuevos cálculos actualizados hasta 2020, tanto de series observadas y promedios de retícula como de reanálisis. Los diferentes resultados obtenidos suscitan la cuestión de cómo comunicar estas tendencias y sus incertidumbres al público sin menoscabar su credibilidad en el actual contexto de preocupación por el cambio climático. [EN]Two contradictory messages appeared around the beginning of 2021 in two Balearic media. One of them claimed this archipelago was leading the climate warming in Spain, while the other advertised that the Balearic Islands were one of the regions where the temperature had risen the least since 1961. As both media claimed to be based on works published by scientific institutions, this contradiction can only generate distrust in the public receiving these messages. The problem seems to be that the calculation of the trends of climatic series (temperatures in this case) can yield very different results depending on the period used, the number of series and whether or not they have previously undergone a homogenization process. In this work we review the different values of the temperature trends in the Balearic Islands published in the past and compare them with new calculations updated until 2020, both from observed series and grid averages and from reanalysis. The different results obtained raise the question of how to communicate these trends and their uncertainties to the public without undermining their credibility in the current context of concern about climate change. Ponencia presentada en: XII Congreso de la Asociación Española de Climatología celebrado en Santiago de Compostela entre el 19 y el 21 de octubre de 2022.