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  • Energy Research
  • 2016-2025
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Research Repository ...arrow_drop_down
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    Authors: Pérez Segarra, Carlos David; González Acedo, Ignacio; Torras Ortiz, Santiago; Rigola Serrano, Joaquim; +1 Authors

    Pòster presentat a l'European Energy Research Alliance Conference 2016

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Recolector de Cienci...arrow_drop_down
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Recolector de Cienci...arrow_drop_down
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Dominguez López, Guillermo;

    Nowadays, most of the ancillary services such as reserve capacity, inertia and frequency control relies on large conventional power plants. Approaching future power systems with high penetration of renewable energy sources (RES) has resulted in imperative need for the evaluation of ancillary services. This research focuses on the frequency stability which must be ensured in order to maintain the grid stability against imbalances between generation and load. This large conventional power plants that provide ancillary services are called “must-run” units. These facilities are generation power plants necessary during certain operating conditions and they are responsible for providing enough ancillary services to ensure a reliable operation of power systems. Given a high RES penetration in the future, must-run units are expected to be reduced or totally decommissioned reducing the power system inertia. This may result in insecure operation threatening the reliability of the power supply. This project investigates the frequency stability support from renewable energy generation such as wind power plants (WPPs) and solar photovoltaic systems (SPVSs) in future power systems with high penetration of RES and without must-run units. Sensitivity studies for frequency stability are performed on a simulated 2030 scenario for western Denmark (DK1) power system. The objective of this master thesis is to study the DK1 power system to analyse the ability of modern controllable WPPs to provide frequency stability without must-run units in a future scenario dominated by RES generation. This project examines the primary frequency control in DK1 simulating an overfrequency event islanding DK1 from the CE power system with high wind forecast. The main results of this project reveal that the fast deploy of active power by the RES generation counterbalances the reduced inertia in the power system, which can operate without a lack of stability of the power supply for overfrequency events without must-run units. However, there are technical capabilities and limitations that curtail the RES penetration. Recommendations on the parameters of the WPPs frequency control are made according to the droop, the ramp rate and the RES penetration. The virtual inertia is recommended for frequency control of WPPs and increases its importance when the RES penetration is high. The support of HVDC interconnections is an interesting facility to increase the RES penetration allowing the power system to operate with even less inertia online maintaining a stable supply. Although, the measurement and communication delay by the frequency controllers increases its importance when increasing the RES penetration as faster power deploy is needed.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Recolector de Cienci...arrow_drop_down
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Recolector de Cienci...arrow_drop_down
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Landeira Fernández, Francisco; Díez Vázquez, Javier;

    [CASTELLÀ] En este trabajo de final de grado hemos realizado un prototipo mecánico capaz de captar la energía que se pierde de las olas del mar (energía undimotriz) en el espigón de Vilanova i la Geltrú. Estudiando y analizando los mecanismos y prototipos de las empresas actuales en el mercado, obtenemos unas ideas para nuestro dispositivo. A parte hemos analizado el comportamiento del oleaje en nuestro punto de estudio, que es en el espigón de la playa del faro (Vilanova i la Geltrú) y teniendo en cuenta el oleaje y las mareas, hemos diseñado un prototipo más idóneo para esta ubicación. Nuestra idea final trataría de poner varios dispositivos a lo largo del espigón para así de esta manera poder captar la máxima energía en esta zona. [ANGLÈS] In this final degree project we have made a mechanical prototype capable of capturing the energy that is lost from the waves of the sea (wave energy) in the breakwater of Vilanova i la Geltrú. By studying and analysing the mechanisms and prototypes of current companies in the market, we obtain some ideas for our device. We have also analysed the behaviour of the waves at our point of study, which is at the pier of the beach of the lighthouse (Vilanova i la Geltrú) and taking into account the waves and tides, we have designed a more suitable prototype for this location. Our final idea would try to put several devices along the jetty in order to capture the maximum energy in this area.

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    Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTA
    Bachelor thesis . 2018
    License: CC BY NC ND
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Recolector de Cienci...arrow_drop_down
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      Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTA
      Bachelor thesis . 2018
      License: CC BY NC ND
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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    Authors: Alabert Aldana, Aniol;
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    Authors: Codina Prats, Marc;

    En el present projecte s’estudia la viabilitat tècnica i econòmica d’implantar un sistema de calefacció i d’aigua calenta sanitària centralitzat, de manera que amb una sola central de generació d’energia tèrmica i una xarxa de distribució de calor, es pugui subministrar energia tèrmica a diferents edificis a Sant Martí de Tous. El sistema estudiat es basa en una central de biomassa com a generadora d’energia tèrmica i un entramat de canonades que distribueixen aquesta calor pels diferents edificis, situats en un radi inferior a 350m del punt de generació de calor. Per entrar en situació, s’estudia l’estat de l’art, tant de la biomassa com de les xarxes de calor. D’aquest primer pas se n’extreu: - La selecció del tipus de biomassa més adequat tenint en compte diversos factors com el preu per unitat d’energia, la disponibilitat al municipi, les potències i consums recomanats per a cada tipus de biomassa i la petjada ecològica. - L’elecció del tipus d’entramat de distribució de calor, quins elements el formen, quin tipus de connexió amb l’usuari final és la més adequada i quines temperatures de funcionament s’utilitzaran entre altres temes. Es presenta cadascun dels edificis a tractar i les característiques rellevants pel projecte. Per estimar la demanda energètica de la instal·lació, s’ha modelitzat cada edifici per separat prenent-lo com una carcassa que té guanys i pèrdues energètiques amb l’ambient, tenint en compte les ocupacions i les renovacions d’aire necessàries per garantir la qualitat de l’aire. Pel que fa a la demanda d’aigua calenta sanitària, es proposen dues opcions: instal·lar o no una acumulador d’ACS a cada edifici. La xarxa de distribució de calor es calcula d’acord amb la demanda energètica, igual que el dimensionat de la caldera. Tenint en compte el tipus de combustible i la demanda tèrmica, es proposa la instal·lació d’un volum d’inèrcia, suavitzant així els pics i valls de demanda i permetent treballar la caldera a un règim relativament constant. La solució proposada té una amortització de 4 anys, de manera que a partir d’aquest el VAN ja és positiu. Es recomana la implantació del sistema utilitzat, reduint la despesa anual en energia i les emissions de CO2.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Recolector de Cienci...arrow_drop_down
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    Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTA
    Bachelor thesis . 2016
    License: CC BY NC ND
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      Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTA
      Bachelor thesis . 2016
      License: CC BY NC ND
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    Authors: Glahn Gimenez, Alex;

    Aquest treball de fi de Grau, té com a objectiu principal l’estudi d’eficiència energètica realitzat a un habitatge unifamiliar, així com el desenvolupament d’una auditoria energètica amb propostes de millora. Per a la realització del mateix, s’ha seguit la metodologia estandarditzada de les auditories energètiques, que s’exposa a continuació: Primerament s’ha realitzat una descripció exhaustiva de l’objecte d’estudi, conjuntament amb l’anàlisi de l’habitatge, on es recopilen totes les dades necessàries com ara factures, consums, fotografies, diverses mesures i anotacions pertinents. Seguidament s’han realitzat els càlculs necessaris i l’anàlisi de les dades preses amb anterioritat, per tal d’identificar possibles solucions o millores que afavoreixin els usuaris de l’habitatge. A posteriori, s’han proposat les solucions de millora identificades per tal d’aconseguir reduir l’empremta energètica i reduir la factura energètica, així com els pressupostos associats, temps d’amortització, períodes de retorn i viabilitat de les mateixes. Amb la realització del projecte, s’ha pogut comprovar la notable millora de l’eficiència energètica juntament amb una considerable reducció de les factures associades al consum energètic, que suposarien les petites modificacions sobre l’habitatge i la forma d’ús de l’energia per part dels usuaris.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Recolector de Cienci...arrow_drop_down
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    Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTA
    Bachelor thesis . 2018
    License: CC BY NC SA
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      Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTA
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    Authors: Luke Collins; Ross A. Bradstock; Victor Resco de Dios; Remko A. Duursma; +2 Authors

    AbstractRising atmospheric [CO2] and associated climate change are expected to modify primary productivity across a range of ecosystems globally. Increasing aridity is predicted to reduce grassland productivity, although rising [CO2] and associated increases in plant water use efficiency may partially offset the effect of drying on growth. Difficulties arise in predicting the direction and magnitude of future changes in ecosystem productivity, due to limited field experimentation investigating climate and CO2 interactions. We use repeat near‐surface digital photography to quantify the effects of water availability and experimentally manipulated elevated [CO2] (eCO2) on understorey live foliage cover and biomass over three growing seasons in a temperate grassy woodland in south‐eastern Australia. We hypothesised that (i) understorey herbaceous productivity is dependent upon soil water availability, and (ii) that eCO2 will increase productivity, with greatest stimulation occurring under conditions of low water availability. Soil volumetric water content (VWC) determined foliage cover and growth rates over the length of the growing season (August to March), with low VWC (<0.1 m3 m−3) reducing productivity. However, eCO2 did not increase herbaceous cover and biomass over the duration of the experiment, or mitigate the effects of low water availability on understorey growth rates and cover. Our findings suggest that projected increases in aridity in temperate woodlands are likely to lead to reduced understorey productivity, with little scope for eCO2 to offset these changes.

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    Global Change Biology
    Article
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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Global Change Biology
    Article . 2018 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Wiley Online Library User Agreement
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      Global Change Biology
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      Global Change Biology
      Article . 2018 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Arias Montenegro, Francisco Javier; Heras Jiménez, Salvador Augusto de las;

    The basis of a novel method for passive solar water heating homologous to the traditional thermosyphon but driven by salinity gradient induced by changes of salinity gradient induced by evaporation at the collector is outlined. Its purpose, likewise than a thermosyphon, is to simplify the transfer of liquid while avoiding the cost and complexity of a conventional pump. However, in this concept, the fluid motion is not obtained from the tendency of a less dense fluid to rise above a denser fluid (natural convection) but rather by taking advantage of the energy released during the spontaneous mixing of the low-concentration (evaporated fraction) solution and the high-concentration (no-evaporated fraction) solution, which have been previously separated into two streams in the evaporator module. Finally, the possibility of driving the thermal osmosis by the strong thermal dependence of the solubility featured by many solutions rather than evaporation is envisaged. One important point in favor of the proposed thermosyphon driven by thermo-osmosis is that makes possible downward heat and mass transfer, i.e., heat and mass transport from the top roofs (where solar collectors are generally placed) to the bottom (inside the homes), and then the use of expensive and voluminous tanks so characteristic of current thermosyphons driven by natural convection is no longer needed.

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    Journal of Solar Energy Engineering
    Article . 2018 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Pérez Segarra, Carlos David; González Acedo, Ignacio; Torras Ortiz, Santiago; Rigola Serrano, Joaquim; +1 Authors

    Pòster presentat a l'European Energy Research Alliance Conference 2016

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    Authors: Dominguez López, Guillermo;

    Nowadays, most of the ancillary services such as reserve capacity, inertia and frequency control relies on large conventional power plants. Approaching future power systems with high penetration of renewable energy sources (RES) has resulted in imperative need for the evaluation of ancillary services. This research focuses on the frequency stability which must be ensured in order to maintain the grid stability against imbalances between generation and load. This large conventional power plants that provide ancillary services are called “must-run” units. These facilities are generation power plants necessary during certain operating conditions and they are responsible for providing enough ancillary services to ensure a reliable operation of power systems. Given a high RES penetration in the future, must-run units are expected to be reduced or totally decommissioned reducing the power system inertia. This may result in insecure operation threatening the reliability of the power supply. This project investigates the frequency stability support from renewable energy generation such as wind power plants (WPPs) and solar photovoltaic systems (SPVSs) in future power systems with high penetration of RES and without must-run units. Sensitivity studies for frequency stability are performed on a simulated 2030 scenario for western Denmark (DK1) power system. The objective of this master thesis is to study the DK1 power system to analyse the ability of modern controllable WPPs to provide frequency stability without must-run units in a future scenario dominated by RES generation. This project examines the primary frequency control in DK1 simulating an overfrequency event islanding DK1 from the CE power system with high wind forecast. The main results of this project reveal that the fast deploy of active power by the RES generation counterbalances the reduced inertia in the power system, which can operate without a lack of stability of the power supply for overfrequency events without must-run units. However, there are technical capabilities and limitations that curtail the RES penetration. Recommendations on the parameters of the WPPs frequency control are made according to the droop, the ramp rate and the RES penetration. The virtual inertia is recommended for frequency control of WPPs and increases its importance when the RES penetration is high. The support of HVDC interconnections is an interesting facility to increase the RES penetration allowing the power system to operate with even less inertia online maintaining a stable supply. Although, the measurement and communication delay by the frequency controllers increases its importance when increasing the RES penetration as faster power deploy is needed.

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    Authors: Landeira Fernández, Francisco; Díez Vázquez, Javier;

    [CASTELLÀ] En este trabajo de final de grado hemos realizado un prototipo mecánico capaz de captar la energía que se pierde de las olas del mar (energía undimotriz) en el espigón de Vilanova i la Geltrú. Estudiando y analizando los mecanismos y prototipos de las empresas actuales en el mercado, obtenemos unas ideas para nuestro dispositivo. A parte hemos analizado el comportamiento del oleaje en nuestro punto de estudio, que es en el espigón de la playa del faro (Vilanova i la Geltrú) y teniendo en cuenta el oleaje y las mareas, hemos diseñado un prototipo más idóneo para esta ubicación. Nuestra idea final trataría de poner varios dispositivos a lo largo del espigón para así de esta manera poder captar la máxima energía en esta zona. [ANGLÈS] In this final degree project we have made a mechanical prototype capable of capturing the energy that is lost from the waves of the sea (wave energy) in the breakwater of Vilanova i la Geltrú. By studying and analysing the mechanisms and prototypes of current companies in the market, we obtain some ideas for our device. We have also analysed the behaviour of the waves at our point of study, which is at the pier of the beach of the lighthouse (Vilanova i la Geltrú) and taking into account the waves and tides, we have designed a more suitable prototype for this location. Our final idea would try to put several devices along the jetty in order to capture the maximum energy in this area.

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    Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTA
    Bachelor thesis . 2018
    License: CC BY NC ND
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      Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTA
      Bachelor thesis . 2018
      License: CC BY NC ND
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    Authors: Alabert Aldana, Aniol;
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    Authors: Codina Prats, Marc;

    En el present projecte s’estudia la viabilitat tècnica i econòmica d’implantar un sistema de calefacció i d’aigua calenta sanitària centralitzat, de manera que amb una sola central de generació d’energia tèrmica i una xarxa de distribució de calor, es pugui subministrar energia tèrmica a diferents edificis a Sant Martí de Tous. El sistema estudiat es basa en una central de biomassa com a generadora d’energia tèrmica i un entramat de canonades que distribueixen aquesta calor pels diferents edificis, situats en un radi inferior a 350m del punt de generació de calor. Per entrar en situació, s’estudia l’estat de l’art, tant de la biomassa com de les xarxes de calor. D’aquest primer pas se n’extreu: - La selecció del tipus de biomassa més adequat tenint en compte diversos factors com el preu per unitat d’energia, la disponibilitat al municipi, les potències i consums recomanats per a cada tipus de biomassa i la petjada ecològica. - L’elecció del tipus d’entramat de distribució de calor, quins elements el formen, quin tipus de connexió amb l’usuari final és la més adequada i quines temperatures de funcionament s’utilitzaran entre altres temes. Es presenta cadascun dels edificis a tractar i les característiques rellevants pel projecte. Per estimar la demanda energètica de la instal·lació, s’ha modelitzat cada edifici per separat prenent-lo com una carcassa que té guanys i pèrdues energètiques amb l’ambient, tenint en compte les ocupacions i les renovacions d’aire necessàries per garantir la qualitat de l’aire. Pel que fa a la demanda d’aigua calenta sanitària, es proposen dues opcions: instal·lar o no una acumulador d’ACS a cada edifici. La xarxa de distribució de calor es calcula d’acord amb la demanda energètica, igual que el dimensionat de la caldera. Tenint en compte el tipus de combustible i la demanda tèrmica, es proposa la instal·lació d’un volum d’inèrcia, suavitzant així els pics i valls de demanda i permetent treballar la caldera a un règim relativament constant. La solució proposada té una amortització de 4 anys, de manera que a partir d’aquest el VAN ja és positiu. Es recomana la implantació del sistema utilitzat, reduint la despesa anual en energia i les emissions de CO2.

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    Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTA
    Bachelor thesis . 2016
    License: CC BY NC ND
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      Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTA
      Bachelor thesis . 2016
      License: CC BY NC ND
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    Authors: Glahn Gimenez, Alex;

    Aquest treball de fi de Grau, té com a objectiu principal l’estudi d’eficiència energètica realitzat a un habitatge unifamiliar, així com el desenvolupament d’una auditoria energètica amb propostes de millora. Per a la realització del mateix, s’ha seguit la metodologia estandarditzada de les auditories energètiques, que s’exposa a continuació: Primerament s’ha realitzat una descripció exhaustiva de l’objecte d’estudi, conjuntament amb l’anàlisi de l’habitatge, on es recopilen totes les dades necessàries com ara factures, consums, fotografies, diverses mesures i anotacions pertinents. Seguidament s’han realitzat els càlculs necessaris i l’anàlisi de les dades preses amb anterioritat, per tal d’identificar possibles solucions o millores que afavoreixin els usuaris de l’habitatge. A posteriori, s’han proposat les solucions de millora identificades per tal d’aconseguir reduir l’empremta energètica i reduir la factura energètica, així com els pressupostos associats, temps d’amortització, períodes de retorn i viabilitat de les mateixes. Amb la realització del projecte, s’ha pogut comprovar la notable millora de l’eficiència energètica juntament amb una considerable reducció de les factures associades al consum energètic, que suposarien les petites modificacions sobre l’habitatge i la forma d’ús de l’energia per part dels usuaris.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Recolector de Cienci...arrow_drop_down
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    Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTA
    Bachelor thesis . 2018
    License: CC BY NC SA
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Recolector de Cienci...arrow_drop_down
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      Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTA
      Bachelor thesis . 2018
      License: CC BY NC SA
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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    Authors: Luke Collins; Ross A. Bradstock; Victor Resco de Dios; Remko A. Duursma; +2 Authors

    AbstractRising atmospheric [CO2] and associated climate change are expected to modify primary productivity across a range of ecosystems globally. Increasing aridity is predicted to reduce grassland productivity, although rising [CO2] and associated increases in plant water use efficiency may partially offset the effect of drying on growth. Difficulties arise in predicting the direction and magnitude of future changes in ecosystem productivity, due to limited field experimentation investigating climate and CO2 interactions. We use repeat near‐surface digital photography to quantify the effects of water availability and experimentally manipulated elevated [CO2] (eCO2) on understorey live foliage cover and biomass over three growing seasons in a temperate grassy woodland in south‐eastern Australia. We hypothesised that (i) understorey herbaceous productivity is dependent upon soil water availability, and (ii) that eCO2 will increase productivity, with greatest stimulation occurring under conditions of low water availability. Soil volumetric water content (VWC) determined foliage cover and growth rates over the length of the growing season (August to March), with low VWC (<0.1 m3 m−3) reducing productivity. However, eCO2 did not increase herbaceous cover and biomass over the duration of the experiment, or mitigate the effects of low water availability on understorey growth rates and cover. Our findings suggest that projected increases in aridity in temperate woodlands are likely to lead to reduced understorey productivity, with little scope for eCO2 to offset these changes.

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    Global Change Biology
    Article
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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    Global Change Biology
    Article . 2018 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Wiley Online Library User Agreement
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      Global Change Biology
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Global Change Biology
      Article . 2018 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Arias Montenegro, Francisco Javier; Heras Jiménez, Salvador Augusto de las;

    The basis of a novel method for passive solar water heating homologous to the traditional thermosyphon but driven by salinity gradient induced by changes of salinity gradient induced by evaporation at the collector is outlined. Its purpose, likewise than a thermosyphon, is to simplify the transfer of liquid while avoiding the cost and complexity of a conventional pump. However, in this concept, the fluid motion is not obtained from the tendency of a less dense fluid to rise above a denser fluid (natural convection) but rather by taking advantage of the energy released during the spontaneous mixing of the low-concentration (evaporated fraction) solution and the high-concentration (no-evaporated fraction) solution, which have been previously separated into two streams in the evaporator module. Finally, the possibility of driving the thermal osmosis by the strong thermal dependence of the solubility featured by many solutions rather than evaporation is envisaged. One important point in favor of the proposed thermosyphon driven by thermo-osmosis is that makes possible downward heat and mass transfer, i.e., heat and mass transport from the top roofs (where solar collectors are generally placed) to the bottom (inside the homes), and then the use of expensive and voluminous tanks so characteristic of current thermosyphons driven by natural convection is no longer needed.

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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Journal of Solar Energy Engineering
    Article . 2018 . Peer-reviewed
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