• Energy Research
• Embargo close
• ES close
• CN close
• US close
• CA close
• FR close

The prevalence of poverty and inequality in megacities often manifests as high levels of energy poverty and disparities in household energy consumption. A comprehensive survey of 2054 households in Beijing was conducted in 2023 to examine the dynamics of energy poverty within such an urban settings. As one of the world's most influential megacities, Beijing offers a distinct and insightful case study for understanding energy poverty in a rapidly urbanizing global context. Utilizing the 10 % and low-cost/high-income (LIHC) methods, we estimated that the energy poverty rate in Beijing ranges between 16.07 % and 17.53 %, with the highest rates observed in suburban areas. In addition, we explored the spatial differences in energy poverty and the root causes. Our research reveals a significant correlation between economic and geographical factors and the spatial distribution of energy poverty. Furthermore, our findings suggest that larger populations tend to be associated with reduced disparities in energy poverty across different areas. Therefore, we suggest promoting the use of energy-efficient installations, implementing time-sensitive heating systems, and providing electricity and hygienic cooking facilities.

The rapid growth of photovoltaic (PV) technology in recent years called for a comprehensive assessment of the global scientific landscape on fires associated with PV energy installations. This study examines the scientific literature indexed in Scopus from 1983 to 2023. It reveals a striking increase in output since 2011, with nearly one hundred publications in the most recent year under review. This growth of interest has occurred in parallel with the global expansion of photovoltaics. The majority of studies in this field are classified as engineering, with 34% of publications in this area. The USA leads the way with over 160 publications, followed by China with 125. Two institutions in the USA are particularly prominent in this field: Sandia National Laboratories in New Mexico with 22 publications, and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory in Colorado with 16 publications. The second institution is the University of Science and Technology of China, which has published 17 articles on the subject. A close examination of the evolution of keywords reveals a remarkable transformation in the scientific landscape over the past 10 years, from 2013 to 2023. The evolution of keywords suggests a maturation in the understanding of fire risks associated with photovoltaic energy. A total of seven scientific communities have been identified in which these works are grouped according to their keywords. These include Fire and Energy Storage, PV faults, Fire resistance, Fire hazard, Fire detectors, Deep learning, and Fire safety. It has been found that fires caused by PV installations are not listed as a cause of fire starts. This should be taken into account when conducting preventive analyses of this potential danger, particularly in light of the possible development of agrivoltaics, where facilities will be mainly located in the natural environment. Embargado hasta 19/05/2026

The production of charcoal for its many uses requires a careful selection of biomass and pyrolysis conditions, especially temperature, to ensure suitable quality. To do so, physical, chemical, and mechanical energy must be considered. This study aimed to analyze the yields and properties of charcoal produced at different pyrolysis temperatures. Eucalyptus saligna wood was pyrolyzed in a reactor with final temperatures of 450, 550, 650, 750, 850 and 950 °C. The yields of charcoal, pyroligneous liquid and non-condensable gases were determined. Mass loss was determined for each temperature. Charcoal analysis included the determination of the apparent density, proximate analysis, heating value, mechanical strength, X-ray images for the internal visualization of its structure and hygroscopicity test. Relevant charcoal properties for the steel industry and barbecue, such as density, mechanical strength, heating value and hygroscopicity, show variable trends from pyrolysis at 650 °C. The results show that pyrolysis temperature had a great impact on the properties of charcoal. The apparent density of charcoal rose from 500 °C and had no relation to the breaking strength. When the pyrolysis temperature was raised, an increase in both apparent and true densities, internal fissures and cracks and fixed carbon content of charcoal was observed.

We analyzed the role of primary and postoperative low linear energy transfer radiotherapy in 538 patients treated for salivary gland cancer in centers of the Dutch Head and Neck Oncology Cooperative Group, in search for prognostic factors and dose response.The tumor was located in the parotid gland in 59%, submandibular gland in 14%, oral cavity in 23%, and elsewhere in 5%. In 386 of 498 patients surgery was combined with radiotherapy, with a median dose of 62 Gy. Median delay between surgery and radiotherapy was 6 weeks. In the postoperative radiotherapy group, adverse prognostic factors prevailed. Elective radiotherapy to the neck was given in 40%, with a median dose of 50 Gy. Primary radiotherapy (n = 40) was given for unresectable disease or M(1), with a dose range of 28-74 Gy.Postoperative radiotherapy improved 10-year local control significantly compared with surgery alone in T(3-4) tumors (84% vs. 18%), in patients with close (95% vs. 55%) and incomplete resection (82% vs. 44%), in bone invasion (86% vs. 54%), and perineural invasion (88% vs. 60%). Local control was not correlated with interval between surgery and radiotherapy. No dose-response relationship was shown. Postoperative radiotherapy significantly improved regional control in the pN(+) neck (86% vs. 62% for surgery alone). A rating scale for different sites, T stage, and histologic type may be applied to calculate the risk of disease in the neck at presentation, and so indicate the need for elective neck treatment. A marginal dose-response was seen, in favor of a dose > or =46 Gy. A clear dose-response relationship was shown for patients treated with primary radiotherapy. Five-year local control was 50% with a dose of 66-70 Gy.Postoperative radiotherapy with a dose of at least 60 Gy is indicated for patients with T(3-4) tumors, incomplete or close resection, bone invasion, perineural invasion, and pN(+). In unresectable tumors, a dose of at least 66 Gy is advisable.

This document presents a qualitative analysis of surface temperatures of the oceanic territory of Panama. These temperatures represent an indication of the potential of the thermal resource in the oceanic territory of Panama and could generate benefits for the success and stability of the national economy facing the current and growing challenges of the society. The OTEC technology is promising for countries located in tropical regions, where sea temperature differentials are ideal for efficient operability. Currently, this technology has low efficiency levels. Therefore, to evaluate its possible implementation in Panama, a theoretical thermodynamic analysis has been carried out. An organic Rankine cycle (ORC) simulation for the net production of 100KW was performed. It considered the temperature differentials of the oceanography of Panama and used refrigerants R717 and R134a as working fluids. Considering the database of Physical Oceanography Distributed Active Archive Center (PODAAC) for the year 2018, the ocean territory of Panama in the Gulf of Chiriqui reflects seawater surface temperatures (SST) of approximately 27.5 °C to almost 29.5 °C. Besides these values they do not reflect representative anomalies in the critical points with respect to the seasons of the year. The importance of the study in this area is its proximity to the deep cold sea waters, considering the Panama bathymetry map, since its SST are not very variable through the year or through the territory?

Climate change and rising global temperatures pose significant challenges for natural resource management. While developed economies have made progress in addressing these issues, emerging economies are still striving to achieve carbon neutrality, sustainable resource use, and environmental sustainability. This research aims to identify the factors driving carbon emissions in emerging economies over the past three decades. The study establishes a long-run relationship among the factors under investigation by employing various panel diagnostic methods. Non-parametric approaches are used to account for the non-symmetric distribution of panel data. The findings reveal that natural resource components have asymmetric impacts on carbon emissions, with oil rents reducing emissions and mineral rents increasing them. Economic growth and agricultural value added are identified as significant contributors to carbon emissions in the region. On the other hand, renewable energy consumption plays a crucial role in achieving carbon neutrality targets. Gross capital formation exhibits a mixed influence on carbon emissions, being positive and significant in lower quantiles and significantly negative in upper quantiles. These estimates are robust and align with existing literature. The study recommends sustainable resource abstraction and utilization, renewable energy production and consumption improvements, and enhanced capital formation. By providing empirical evidence and policy recommendations, this research contributes to understanding the relationship between these factors and their impact on carbon emissions, facilitating effective strategies for sustainable development and environmental preservation. Xinyang Normal University

Gas-based power plants have attracted more attention in providing electrical energy worldwide because of their lower costs and air pollution. In addition, the use of multi-carrier energy systems has several advantages, such as sustainability benefits and improving performance in supplying the energy demand. This study aims to optimize the total operation cost of multi-carrier energy systems considering the uncertain parameters. The storage technology and consumption side assist the operator in achieving lower costs based on conceptions of demand response programs. Therefore, this study presents a comprehensive mathematical model for the coordinated operation of integrated multi-carrier energy systems while the operational constraints of both gas and power networks are considered. Furthermore, this paper utilizes a new uncertainty modeling method based on Hong's two-point estimate method for addressing the uncertainties of load consumption and wind generation. The proposed model is applied to a gas and power multi-carrier energy system through four case studies. The results affirm the high performance of the presented method and investigate the influence of demand response programs in both sides of energy carriers.