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Water is an important part of everyday human life, we usually use water for direct consumption or we use it in household work and other purposes. As one of the largest archipelagic countries in the world which has a coastline of 95,181 km, Indonesia has abundant sources of sea water so that sea water can be utilized in areas that have difficulty accessing clean water directly, especially people living in coastal areas. One of the technologies that can be utilized so that this abundant seawater can be consumed is by conducting a solar distillation process. This study aims to compare the results of clean water productivity and efficiency from a passive distillation system with an active system using an atomizer nozzle. The results showed that in this experimental test there was an increase in the efficiency of the active system with the atomizer compared to only using the passive system, with efficiency values of 47.1% and 38.48%, respectively. ; Air merupakan bagian penting dalam kehidupan manusia sehari-hari, air biasa kita gunakan untuk dikonsumsi secara langsung atau kita gunakan dalam pekerjaan rumah tangga dan keperluan lainnya. Sebagai salah satu Negara kepulauan terbesar di dunia yang memiliki garis pantai sepanjang 95.181 Km, Indonesia memiliki sumber air laut yang melimpah sehingga air laut tersebut dapat dimanfaatkan di daerah yang kesulitan akses air bersih secara langsung khususnya masyarakat yang tinggal di daerah pesisir pantai. Salah satu teknologi yang dapat dimanfaatkan agar air laut yang melimpah ini dapat dikonsumsi adalah dengan melakukan proses penyulingan tenaga surya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan hasil produktivitas air bersih dan efisiensi dari penyulingan sistem pasif dengan sistem aktif dengan menggunakan nozzle pengabut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada uji eksperimental ini bahwa terjadi peningkatan efisiensi dari sistem aktif dengan pengabut dibandingkan hanya memakai sistem pasif, dengan nilai efisiensi masing-masing 47,1% dan 38,48%. ; 110 Halaman ; Skripsi ...

Design of solar energy tuners using digital compass and rtc based miktrokontroller Atmega 328 is a tool used to follow the direction of the movement of the sun every hour, ranging from rising to bright. This solar energy tuner will setting the time setting inputted by RTC (Real Time Clock). This tool uses Atmega 328 microcontroller as the data manager of the circuit. The solar panel is driven by a servo motor that moves in the direction of the digital compass and the input time given by the RTC. The movement of solar panels is set with a proven angle, so that the position of the solar panel is always perpendicular to the direction of the coming sun. ; Rancang bangun penala energi matahari memanfaatkan digital kompas dan rtc berbasis miktrokontroller Atmega 328 merupakan sebuah alat yang digunakan untuk mengikuti arah pergerakkan matahari setiap jamnya, mulai dari terbit hingga terbenam. Penala energi matahari ini akan mendeteksi setting waktu yang diinput oleh RTC (Real Time Clock). Alat ini menggunakan mikrokontroller Atmega 328 sebagai pengelola data dari rangkaian. Panel surya digerakkan dengan menggunakan motor servo yang bergerak sesuai arah digital kompas dan input waktu yang diberikan oleh RTC. Pergerakkan panel surya diatur setiap jam dengan sudut yang telah diuji, sehingga posisi panel surya selalu tegak lurus dengan arah datangnya cahaya matahari. ; Skripsi Sarjana

Biogas is flammable gas produced from the fermentation of organic matter by anaerobic bacteria derived from household waste manure ( cow , pig , chicken ) and organic waste including POME . POME is a condensate of the sterilization process liquid derived from palm oil processing into crude palm oil . The purpose of this study to determine performasi biogas fuel and then compare it with premium fuel . Performance may include power , torque , specific fuel consumption , thermal efficiency , air-fuel ratio , exhaust emissions and combustion in spark plugs . Testing is done by using a variation of the lamp load 100W , 200W , 300W , 400W , and 500W . This study utilizes the biogas produced from palm oil wastewater to be used as fuel in the generator engine 4-stroke otto Starke GFH1900LX type with 1.3 kW peak power , average power 1.0 kW , bore 55 mm , stroke 40 mm , Vd 95 ×10−6 3, Vc 10 ×10−6 , the ratio of compression 10.5 : 1 , and just 1 cylinder . From the test resultshowed the value of power, torque, brake thermal efficiency, AFR, emission levels of CO and O2 decreases. Meanwhile an increase in the value of sfc, emissions of HC and CO2. ; 133 Halaman ; Skripsi Sarjana

Natural disaster monitoring instruments as an integrated early warning system had been widely developed and placed in areas that were estimated to be prone to natural disasters. This was done to help the government and the public take pre-disaster and post-disaster actions to reduce losses experienced. However, the placement of these monitoring instruments had many shortcomings, one of which was the theft of the main component of the battery or battery which was a power source to activate the instrument. An alternative technology was used to overcome this problem, namely by relying on power transmission with fiber-optic-based laser light. Laser light will be sent to the location using optical fiber which was then emitted to the solar panel so that the laser light was converted into electrical energy. The power generated by solar panels illuminated by 810 nm laser with an input power of 140 mW was 7.76 mW. The power that must be given to an 810 nm laser to produce the same power when solar panels were illuminated by the sun was 12,743 W. So, laser light transmission with fiber optic media as an alternative to providing energy sources in disaster monitoring instruments can be used to reduce losses ; 112 Halaman ; Skripsi Sarjana

Today apartment dwellers generally tend to be individualistic righteously urban middleclass society in general. Unlike the situation in the neighborhood, where the level of socialization on the surrounding community is still quite high due to the surrounding community still likes hanging out with the neighbors, especially in the afternoon. Issues raised here is the lack of socialization that occurs between the residents in the apartment. Garden Living means “life park”. Garden is a garden that is as a place of socialization for residents and surrounding communities. Garden Living itself is to make the park as a place to socialize and interact with fellow residents of the apartment and the garden is also a gathering place for the general public. Lack of facilities to accommodate the occupants to socialize the reason the construction of an apartment that has an garden and is expected to become a place to socialize for the residents of the apartment. For the people who live around the apartment also will be built a public park so that people can still socialize and gather together. Taking the concept of Green Architecture or Sustainable Architecture, the building is minimal in consumption of natural resources, including energy, water, materials, and minimal negative impact on the environment. By the way of utilizing rain water and Deli river water and uses sunlight as a power source. 100406064

Biodiesel merupakan bahan bakar alternatif untuk mesin diesel yang terdiri dari alkil monoester dari minyak tumbuhan atau lemak hewan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memanfaatkan Waste Cooking Oil (WCO) dalam pembuatan biodiesel dengan menggunakan katalis SiO2 dari tongkol jagung yang diimpregnasi dengan KOH. Tongkol jagung dikalsinasi pada suhu 700oC selama 3 jam, kemudian diimpregnasi dengan KOH dengan rasio molar 2:1. Bahan baku yang dipergunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah hasil treatment dari WCO dengan menggunakan karbon aktif. Dihasilkan Treated Waste Cooking Oil (TWCO) dengan penurunan kadar FFA dari 1,24% menjadi 0,5%. Pada penelitian ini dipergunakan berat katalis 2,3,4, dan 5% serta suhu reaksi 55oC, 60oC, dan 65oC. Adapun Hasil terbaik yang dihasilkan, yield maksimum dari biodiesel adalah 97,87% dengan konversi 99,77% yang diperoleh pada kondisi rasio molar TWCO:metanol yaitu 1:12, berat katalis 3%, Waktu reaksi 3 jam, pengadukan 700oC, dan suhu reaksi 60oC. ; Biodiesel is an alternative biofuel for diesel that consist of alkil monoester .It produces from vegetable oil or animal fats. The purpose of this research is to use Waste Cooking Oil (WCO) for making biodiesel using catalyst SiO2 that produce by impregnation of corn cob and KOH. Corn cob calcinated at 700˚C for 3 hours, then impregnated with KOH at rasio 2:1. WCO that had been treated with activated carbon is used for making this biodiesel. The deacrease of free fatty acid from that Treated Waste Cooking Oil (TWCO) is from 1,24 % to become 0,5 %. The weight of catalyst that is used in this research is 2, 3, 4, and 5% at 55˚C, 60˚C, dan 65˚C. The optimum result for this research to get 97,87% maximum yield, and 99,77% for the convertion is by using molar ratio between TWCO: methanol at 1:12, 3% catalyst at 60˚C in 3 hours. ; Skripsi Sarjana

Perkembangan kebutuhan tenaga listrik terus meningkat. Hal ini meyebabkan perlunya pengembangan pemanfaatkan energi terbarukan. Salah satu sumber energi listrik ramah lingkungan adalah Turbin Angin. Terdapat beberapa metoda untuk meningkatkan efisiensi kerja turbin angin. Pitch Angle Control pada turbin angin (Wind Turbine) telah banyak digunakan untuk mengurangi torsi dan variasi daya keluaran saat kecepatan angin yang tinggi. Namun menggunakan kontrol ini untuk memaksimalkan daya yang terdapat pada energi angin juga merupakan pengaruh yang ditimbulkan dengan menambahkan kontrol pitch angle. Tulisan ini membahas tentang pengaturan pitch angle turbin angin dengan menggunakan Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) yang mana kontrol ini mempengaruhi koefisien performansi (Performance Coefficient) pada turbin angin. Penelitian ini menghasilkan dasar pengaturan kontrol yang mampu menghasilkan pembangkitan energi angin di Kota Medan khususnya daerah Tuntungan dan sekitarnya menjadi efektif dengan tetap menjaga keamanan kerja turbin angin. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa penambahan kendali logika fuzzy pada pengaturan sudut baling-baling turbin mampu meningkatkan efisiensi kerja turbin angin sebesar 11,9% dibandingkan saat menggunakan sudut tetap 10o, dimana sudut tetap sebesar 10o dianggap paling optimal untuk kondisi angin kota Medan. 110402041

The purpose of this study is to analyze conversion of waste into biogas cattle against the income of the people in Karo and Deli Serdang. This study use primary data through questionnaires and interviews to people who are or have been managing the biogas from cattle waster in Karo and Deli Serdang. The analytical methods used in this study are descriptive statistics and multiple linier regression. The resuld showed that the time use of biogas, the price of cow manure and the number of dependents simultaneously positive and significant impact on people’s income. The time use of biogas is partially not significant positive effect on people’s income and the price of cow manure partially not significant positive effect on people’s income and the number of dependents partially positive effect is not significant to people’s income 100501159

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kekuatan tarik perlekatan dari resin komposit terhadap dentin dengan bahan adhesif berbasis pelarut yang berbeda, yaitu ethanol dan acetone. Sampel herjumlah 40 buah gigi premolar satu dan dua rahang atas yang diekstraksi untuk keperluan ortodonti, terdiri atas dua kelompok perlakuan yaitu kelompok 1 diberi bahan adhesif Gluma Comfort Bond (berbasis ethanol) dengan resin komposit Filtek P60 (hibrid). Kelompok II diberi bahan adhesif Prime & Bond NT (berbasis acetone) dengan resin komposit Filtek P60 (hibrid). Gigi dipotong sampai batas servikal. Permukaan bukal sampel dipreparasi kelas V dan ditumpat dengan resin komposit menggunakan bahan adhesif sesuai kelompok. Semua sampel ditanam dalam tabung plastik berdiameter 13mm dan tinggi 15mm berisi selfcuring acrylic. Sampel diuji tarik dengan beban maksimal 200 kgf dan kecepatan regangan 5 mm/menit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara analisis statistik tidak ada perbedaan nilai kekuatan tarik perlekatan antara baban adhesif berbasis ethanol dan bahan adhesif berbasis acetone. Pemakaian kedua baban adhesif ini sama baiknya terutama pada restorasi kelas V. 030600013

Background: Indomethacin is a very effective nonsteroidal antiinflamatory drugs, but it can cause gastric iritation if it is given orally. Therefore, the delivery system of indometachin through skin can avoid local side effect causedin gastric. Purpose : The purpose of this research is to know the effect of ethanol, glycerine and mixture of ethanol and glycerine to the penetration of indomethacin from gel preparations in vitro by using the skin of rabbit and using indometasin gel from Japan (Kowa, Japan) as the comparison. Methods: This study was made 12 gel formula containing indomethacin 1% with alginat gel base include formula F1 without contained enhancer. Formula F2, F3 and F4 with the concentration of ethanol 3, 5 and 7%. Formula F5, F6, F7, and F8 with the concentration of glycerine 45, 50, 55 and 60%. Formula F9, F10, F11, and F12 with the concentration of mixture of ethanol 3% with glycerine 45%, ethanol 5% with glycerine 45%, ethanol 7% and glycerine 45% and ethanol 5% and glycerine 55% and then compared with the indomethacin gel from Japan. Indomethacin penetration in vitro test were done through fur free rabbit skin from the alginate gel base by using diffusion cell. The amount of indomethacin penetrate in phosphate buffer solution pH 7.4 was determined by UV spectrophotometer on 265.0 nm wavelength. The experiments were done for 9 hours. Results: The results showed that the addition of ethanol 5%, glycerine 55% and mixture of ethanol 5% with glycerine 55% increased the penetration of indomethacin. Mixture of ethanol 5% and glycerine 55% provides the highest penetration. The effect of the addition of ethanol, glycerine and mixture of ethanol and glycerine indicate the number of indomethacin which penetrated from the order of the most high to low is mixture of ethanol and glycerine > ethanol > glycerine. Conclusions: From the results of this study concluded that mixture of ethanol and glycerine provides the highest penetration of indomethacin. 111501030