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Global warming has become an increasingly important issue around the world today due to the rise of anthropogenic greenhouse gases emission, which gives several negative impacts on human life. There are some techniques have been studied and assessed i.e. physical mechanism by injected CO2 to the geological formations, chemical mechanism with artificial tree technology and biological mechanism by increasing the primary production through iron enrichment in high nutrient-low chlorophyll (HNLC) waters as well as mixing of water column below the sea surface. Those technologies, which are well known as Carbon Capture Storage ‘(CCS) technology, are expected to be applied to reduce the oncentration of anthropogenic CO2 in the atmosphere and to minimize the global warming. The Center of Environmental Technology, Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology (BPPT) will carry out a research concerning CO2 reduction by a phytoplankton culture in a photobioreactor in three years. The main objective of this research is to assess the CO2 uptake capability of tropical phytoplankton. In this paper, we would showed the creteria and design to assembly a photobioreactor esspesially a air lift photobioreactor. To improve performance photobioreaktor, the materials included design criteria and the dynamics of fluids in fotobioreaktor have to considered propoerly. Other the hand, the selection of the most productive species and selection of appropriate media and economically also important to be done.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan guru dalam merencanakan dan melaksanakan pembelajaran dengan menggunakan metode diskusi pada pembelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam dan seberapa besar peningkatan hasil belajar siswa dalam pembelajaran dengan menggunakan metode diskusi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu deskriptif, sifat penelitian kolaboratif, tempat penelitian didalam kelas IV SDN 02 Sanggau, subjek penelitian guru dan siswa kelas IV, teknik pengumpulan data yaitu observasi dan langsung pengukuran, alat pengumpulan data berupa lembar observasi dan lembar tes siswa. Hasil Penelitian : (1) Peningkatan kemampuan guru dalam pembelajaran siklus I sebesar 2 dan Siklus II sebesar 3,95 meningkat 1,95. (2) peningkatan kemampuan guru dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran siklus I sebesar 2,2 dan siklus II sebesar3,96 meningkat 1,76. (3) Hasil belajar siswa siklus I sebesar 54,78 dan siklus II sebesar 87,82 meningkat 33,04. Dengan demikian siswa mengalami peningkatan hasil belajar yang baik. The purpose of this study is to determine the ability of the teacher in planning and implementing the discussion method learning science and how much the students' improvement learning outcomes in learning by using the method of discussion . The method used is descriptive. It is collaborative research. The study is conducted in fourth grade of SDN 02 Sanggau , the object of study is the teacher and students of fourth grade of SDN 02 Sanggau. Data collection techniques are direct observation and measurement. The data are collected through observation sheets and students' test sheet. The results of the study: (1) The ability of teacher increased from 2 in cycle I to 3.95 in cycle II. It increased 1.95. (2) The ability of teacher to implement the learning increased from 2.2 in cycle I to 3.96 in cycle II, It increased 1.76 (3) The student learning outcomes 54.78 in cycle I change to 87.82 in cycle II. It increased 33.04. (4) Thus, students have increased a good learning outcomes

- Source of electrical energy is currently the main problems in Singkawang city, this is because the number of population density increased annually. Besides, the problem of the amount of waste continues to rise, these two problems can be solved with one solution to convert a renewable energy that makes a potential where trash converted into power plant of waste to energy. To determine whether the waste can be a solution to the energy crisis by conducting a study of potential waste or garbage into fuel power plant. writing this essay described how rubbish can produce electrical energy for 24833.76 kWh / day if operating for one year amounted to 9,064,322.4 kWh / year or 9064.32 MWh / year, The first step is to know the total amount of organic waste per day, the number of calories in the organic waste, the amount of energy (kWh) / day, the capacity of power generation, the power output of the boiler, steam turbine net power.

It was conducted to engineering the adsorption column by using ferro powder waste as adsorbent to removal the H2S content of biogas from Palm Oil Mill Effluent. The first step it was conducted to calculated the adsorption column as purification column by character Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) considering. Further, is was conducted to annealed the ferro powder from industrial waste workshop in north Sumatera. Thus, it was conducted to annealed with temperature variation (800°C, 900°C and 1000°C) and the thick adsorbent (1 cm, 2 cm).The result shows that each adsorbent product is tested by applied of using direct that puts in the adsorbent column. Applied research is conducted by flowing biogas trought column that the adsorbent is alreadyin the column. Temperature condition and the width of adsorbent was effecting of adsorption the H2S biogas and the optimal condition are 1000°C temperature and 2 cm of width adsorbance

The aimed of the research was to obtain the best combination treatment between early sugar concentration and Tween80 concentration as surfactant and nutrition for Saccaromyces cerevisiae to produce ethanol on very high gravity fermentation from Nypa sap. The exploration research used two factor treatments with two replications. The treatments consist of early sugar concentration N1 (20%), N2 (25%), N3 (30%) and Tween80 concentration T0 (0%), T1 (0,2%), T2 (0,4%), T3 (0,6%). Observation was conducted every 24 hours i.e sugar concentration, ethanol concentration, amount of cell, and pH. Data obtained were analyzed by descriptive method. The best combination treatment was T1N3 (Tween80 0,2% and N 30%) which produced ethanol 16,20%.

The first use of microalgae by humans as food detected in the dates back 2000 years, but the development ofbiotechnology of microalgae just began in the middle of this century. Microalgae refer to biomass resourcecontain many useful components such as protein, carbohydrate, fatty acid, etc. Products based microalgae arediverse from human food and nutrition, animal feed and nutrition up to fine chemicals such as triglycerideswhich is able to be converted to biodiesel. Microalgae is a promising biomass resources, (i) microalgae isrenewable resources which has high biodiversity properties, (ii) production cost of converting process frommicroalgae biomass into its derivatives relatively low, (iii) product derivatives of microalgae have a highdemand in market. Based on above, microalgae can be developed further to be applied as raw material for food,energy and pharmacy. This paper described microalgae in general and the developing technology used toproduce commercial microalgae based product.

Various scientific studies illustrate that carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere layer that is a consequence of the result of the combustion of coal, timber, oil and gas, has increased by almost nearing 20 % since the start of the industrial revolution. Industrial area are built almost in the entire continent of the world has resulted in waste of “Greenhouse Gases (GHG) such as carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrousoksida (N2O) that caused the blanket effect. The purpose of this research was to detect the presence or absence of climate change and determine the projected climate change due to global warming. This research was conducted in the city of Palu, Central Sulawesi, using daily data and analyzed on a daily, monthly and yearly. Trend projections of climate change and changes in the method of analysis Makesens (Mann - Kendall and Sen 'S). The conclusion of this research is the change of climate in the city of Palu is characterized by slowly increasing temperature , increased precipitation and decreased evapotranspiration and the results of the calculation value of Z indicates Makesens method occurs climate trend, either positive direction (increasing) and negative (decreasing). Regression equation projected annual average temperature (as an example) is; f (year) = 0.018 (year - first year) + 26.931.

The issue of energy is a global issue that must be discussed by all countries in the world. Rising oil prices and a dwindling supply push every country to develop new renewable energy alternatives. One of this alternative energy is biodiesel. The biodiesel production can be done by using vegetable oil as the raw material over supported homogeneous catalyst, heterogeneous catalyst and enzymatic catalyst. In this study the use of palm oil as the main material to be reacted with methanol and the catalyst used as heterogeneous catalysts SO42-/ZnO by changing variables used are long reaction times (1, 2.5 and 4 hours) and the weight ratio of catalyst / oil (4 , 6, and 8).The studybeganwith thepreparation of catalyst SO42-/ZnO followed by aransesterification reaction between palm oil with methanol. The resultsofthis studyshowed that the super acid catalyst SO42-/ZnOcan be usedin making biodiesel.Optimum operatingcondition for this catalytic reaction is the weight ratio of catalyst/oil 3,8 during 2,5 hours with 78% yield of the resulting ester metal.Longer time ofthe transesterificationreaction, the higher the % yield ofthe resulting ester metal, while adding more catalyst produced the lower theyield.

Coastal waters of Tangerang Regency has abundant in fish resource including pelagic, demersal, and reef fish. This study was conducted to assess fish biomass variability and of fish community structure in coastal waters of Tangerang Regency which can be used as a basis in determining alternatives for sustainable fish resource management. This research was conducted in June and August 2013 in three locations i.e., Kronjo, Cituis, and Tanjung Pasir. Primary data collected were fish weight per species. Fish biomass from each locations was obtained using swept area method using trawl. The results showed that Kronjo region contained the highest total average biomass of fish. Temporally, total ave-rage biomass of fish in August was higher than in June for Kronjo and Cituis. Meanwhile, the con-trary occurred in Tanjung Pasir. This conditions occurred due to the high current and high wave in August than in June. In general, biomass of planktivorous was dominant during the study indicating overfishing lead to fishing down the food web in the Coastal waters of Tangerang Regency.

Bioethanol is one of the alternative energy source that can replace fossil energy sources. Bioethanol is biochemistry fluid from fermentation process of sugar by using microorganisms. One material which has potential as raw material for bioethanol production is a palm juice which is economically valuable products of the sugar plant. Palm juice is used as raw material for ethanol because it contains sugar which is large enough around 12.04%. This research aimed to produce bioethanol with various concentration of inoculum 10%, 12.5%, 15% and 17.5% and fermentation time 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours at pH optimum 5. The process of fermentation using Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast. The sample analysed by using alcoholmeter. From the research results, obtained the highest ethanol concentration of 8% (v/v) at 17.5% inoculum concentration variation with fermentation time 72 hours.