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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: J. Sarangan; C. Swaminathan;

    Abstract Oil provides energy for 95% of transportation and the demand of transport fuel continues to rise. According to the assessment of IPCC (International Panel on Climate Change) to climate change, global oil demand will rise by 60% from 75 Mb/d in 2000 to 120 Mb/d in 2030. Almost three quarter of the increase in demand will be form the transport sector. Oil will remain the fuel of choice in road, sea and air transportation. Our country being a developing country, the increase in demand in our country for oil for use in the transport sector will grow at a much higher rate. All countries including India are grappling with the problem of meeting the ever increasing demand of transport fuel with the constraints of international commitments, legal requirements, environmental concerns, and limited resources. In this context transport fuels of biological origin have drawn a great deal of attention during the last two decades. Biofuels are renewable liquid fuels coming from biological raw materials and have been proved to be good substitute for oil in the transportation sector. As such Biofuels ethanol and Biodiesel are gaining world wide acceptance as a solution for problems of environmental degradation, energy security, retracting imports, rural employment and agricultural economy. With a view to add Bio-Fish Oil to the list of biodiesel, experimental studies were made using this bio oil in a single cylinder diesel engine and generator set as substitute for diesel fuel and the results are discussed. It is also blended with oxygenate and EGR technique also used to improve the performance and reduce the emission of the engine. Encouraging results were obtained from this investigation. The percentage reduction is CO – 91%, CO2 – 62%, NOx – 92% and CxHy – 90% were attained when the engine was run at maximum load using BFO with 2% additive with EGR and there was reduction in all the percentages when the engine was run in other loads also. In the case of NOx, there was an increase of this emission by about 48% in the maximum load with BFO when compared with diesel, for obvious reasons and that was also reduced because of the addition of oxygenates and EGR technique. The optimum values were obtained with 2% of additive. When this percentage is increased or decreased the emission were increased.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Biomass and Bioenerg...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Biomass and Bioenergy
    Article . 2012 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Elsevier TDM
    Data sources: Crossref
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Biomass and Bioenerg...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Biomass and Bioenergy
      Article . 2012 . Peer-reviewed
      License: Elsevier TDM
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Edward Corry; Pieter Pauwels; Shushan Hu; Marcus Keane; +1 Authors

    Abstract Narrowing the performance deficit between design intent and the real-time environmental and energy performance of buildings is a complex and involved task, impacting on all building stakeholders. Buildings are designed, built and operated with increasingly complex technologies. Throughout their life-cycle, they produce vast quantities of data. However, many commercial buildings do not perform as originally intended. This paper presents a semantic web based approach to the performance gap problem, describing how heterogeneous building data sources can be transformed into semantically enriched information. A performance assessment ontology and performance framework (software tool) are introduced, which use this heterogeneous data as a service for a structured performance analysis. The demonstrator illustrates how heterogeneous data can be published semantically and then interpreted using a life-cycle performance framework approach.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ National University ...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Automation in Construction
    Article
    License: CC BY NC ND
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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Automation in Construction
    Article . 2015 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Elsevier TDM
    Data sources: Crossref
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ National University ...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Automation in Construction
      Article
      License: CC BY NC ND
      Data sources: UnpayWall
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Automation in Construction
      Article . 2015 . Peer-reviewed
      License: Elsevier TDM
      Data sources: Crossref
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Thijs Defraeye; Jan Carmeliet; Jan Carmeliet; Viktor Dorer; +1 Authors

    Abstract For computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations of large urban areas the air flow near surfaces is normally modelled using Wall Functions (WFs). This study aims at improving the accuracy of WFs, in terms of heat transfer predictions. Turbulent boundary layers at heated building surfaces in a street canyon were analysed with low-Reynolds number modelling (LRNM). Buoyancy was accounted for, due to its importance in street canyons e.g. by solar radiation. Two extreme types of normalized temperature profiles could be identified in the thermal boundary layer dependent on the Richardson (Ri) number. One extreme at low Ri number could be attributed to forced convective flow, which is adequately described by existing standard wall functions (SWFs), and the second extreme at Ri>1 to mixed convective flows, where WFs adapted for non-equilibrium flows (NEWFs) are appropriate. Based on these two extremes, an adaptive temperature wall function (AWF) was derived that varies between the two existing WFs dependent on the local Ri. This AWF can account for the co-occurrence of forced and mixed convective flow regimes at a single surface. CFD simulations of street canyon configurations with SWF showed errors in the wall heat fluxes up to 60%, compared to the LRNM results, and up to 30% for NEWFs. With the proposed AWF, these errors were reduced to less than 10% for the majority of the cases studied over the whole range of Ri numbers. We conclude that the proposed AWF allows for more accurate convective heat transfer analysis in urban CFD studies.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Building and Environ...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Building and Environment
    Article . 2012 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Elsevier TDM
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Building and Environ...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Building and Environment
      Article . 2012 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Asan Vernyuy Wirba; Ibrahim Abubakar Masud; Abu Bakar Munir; Firdaus Muhammad-Sukki; +3 Authors

    Africa is blessed with abundant energy sources that can promote economic growth and provide sufficient capacity to meet up with the future electricity demand. This paper evaluates the progress made in renewable energy (RE) development in Nigeria and Cameroon together with the roadmaps for future implementation. Since the early 2000, Nigeria has identified RE as an additional source to improve electrical power generation, while Cameroon is yet to have a defined policy for RE development. Presently, in both countries, RE is being developed for empowering the local economies, but the RE incorporation to the national grid is yet to be implemented at a greater scale. Since Nigeria and Cameroon have similar climatic conditions, they can benefit from each other through greater cooperation in the RE sector. For the two countries, there is high solar irradiation and excellent wind speed that can be effectively utilized for electricity generation. For all these to benefit both nations, there is a greater need for good leadership and good governance.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ OpenAIR@RGU (Robert ...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
    Article
    License: CC BY NC ND
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
    Article . 2015 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Elsevier TDM
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ OpenAIR@RGU (Robert ...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
      Article . 2015 . Peer-reviewed
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  • Authors: Mohan P. Thakre; Padmini Sharma; Nishant P. Matale; Payal S. Borse;

    In the current decade, we are facing a parking problem with the advancement in technology. The population in urban cities is dense due to which lots of vehicles are running on the road leads to the parking problem, traffic problem. The world is facing the new challenge of Vehicle parking. It is observed that one million vehicles consume oil on daily basis. In this paper, an automatic real-time system for automated Vehicle parking is proposed. This system has been implemented with the help of the internet of things (IOTs). IOT generally exchanges information or data between the two physical devices. Arduino Uno is a microcontroller used in the proposed system. The main use of Arduino in the proposed system is to provide a platform to communicate digital devices and interactive objects that can sense and control physical devices. The proposed system has been implemented with the help of Arduino Uno board for vehicle parking and Node MCU to connect parking area with web or internet. The proposed system incorporated an infrared sensor in each slot for getting information about the vacancy position of the parking slot. The user book-parking slot well in advance, all the necessary information is available on the server. Every user has an exclusive username and password. In case any misuse happened then the system will alert the responsible person.

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    Authors: María Beatriz Piderit; Franklin Vivanco; Geoffrey van Moeseke; Shady Attia;

    The potential of carbon dioxide emissions mitigation in the building sector can be achieved through energy policies, progressive goals, and support systems to attain sustainable constructions that guarantee the reduction of emissions. Net-Zero Energy Buildings (NZEB) is a concept that allows moving forward to neutralize buildings’ carbon emissions. This has been demonstrated by more industrial countries which have set goals and challenges to progressively approach an energy neutrality balance for buildings. Therefore, the target of this research is to define a framework for a new standard to reach NZEB in Chile. Firstly, an exhaustive review of the energy policies, NZEB definitions, and components of an NZEB system took place. Secondly, focus group discussions with local and international professionals from the building sector were organized to define a vision, opportunities, and potential measures with a focus on policies, to implement and develop local technologies for NZEB buildings in Chile. The study identifies the need to advance public policies to achieve an integrated policy for the implementation of energy neutral concept buildings. Finally, the paper presents a NZEB standard framework, including key performance indicators and suggested performance metrics thresholds.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Sustainabilityarrow_drop_down
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    Sustainability
    Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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    Authors: S. Adish Kumar; P. Arulazhagan; Ick-Tae Yeom; A. Vimala Ebenezer; +1 Authors

    Abstract This study focuses on improving the efficiency of the microwave (MW) pretreatment of waste activated sludge (WAS) through deflocculation mediated by sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP), a cationic binding agent. Deflocculated sludge was subjected to MW pretreatment to assess its impact on biomass disintegration. At the optimised energy for MW pretreatment (14,000 kJ/kg TS), the chemical oxygen demand (COD) solubilisation was 28% and 21% and the reduction in suspended solids (SS) was 38% and 26%, respectively, for deflocculated (treated with a cationic binding agent followed by microwaves) and flocculated (treated by microwaves alone) sludge samples. The formation of volatile fatty acids in the deflocculated sludge medium (840 mg/L) was comparatively higher than that in the flocculated sludge (420 mg/L) and the control (62 mg/L). This study indicates that deflocculated sludge is more amenable to hydrolysis. The results of a test of biochemical methane potential also confirmed the greater amenability of deflocculated sludge for anaerobic degradation.

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    Applied Energy
    Article . 2015 . Peer-reviewed
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      Applied Energy
      Article . 2015 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Antonio Scala; Antonio Scala; Arda Halu; Abdulaziz Khiyami; +1 Authors

    A modeling framework for citywide solar microgrids with real hourly consumption, and the interplay between spatial costs and resilience.

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    Science Advances
    Article . 2016 . Peer-reviewed
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    Science Advances
    Article . 2016
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    PubMed Central
    Other literature type . 2016
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    Article . 2016
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    DSpace@MIT
    Article . 2015
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      Article . 2016
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      DSpace@MIT
      Article . 2015
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    Authors: Arunodaya Raj Mishra; Pratibha Rani; Kiran Pandey; Abbas Mardani; +3 Authors

    Bioenergy is a kind of renewable energy that can potentially contribute to a broad spectrum of economic, environmental, and societal objectives and aid sustainable development. The assessment, management, and monitoring of the diverse bioenergy production technology alternatives are complex in nature and deliver different benefits due to the lack of precise and comprehensive data. Selection of an optimal bioenergy production technology (BPT) alternative is considered a complex multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problem that involves many incompatible tangible and intangible as well as qualitative and quantitative criteria. The procedure of defining and evaluating the weights of the criteria is an important concern for decision experts because the assessment and the final selection of the BPT alternative are carried out on the basis of the defined set of criteria. Intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IFSs) have received considerable attention due to their ability to handle the imprecision and vagueness that can arise in real-life situations. Thus, this study presents an integrated approach, based on stepwise weight assessment ratio analysis (SWARA) and complex proportional assessment (COPRAS) approaches, for the selection of BPT alternatives. In the integrated framework, criteria weights are determined by the SWARA procedure, and the ranking of BPT alternatives is decided by the COPRAS method using IFSs. The criteria weights evaluated by this approach involve the imprecision of experts’ opinions, which makes them more comprehensible. To express the efficiency and applicability of the integrated framework, a BPT selection problem is presented using IFSs. In addition, this study involved sensitivity analysis with respect to various sets of criteria weights to reveal the strength of the developed approach. The sensitivity analysis outcomes indicate that the agricultural and municipal waste of biogas (S3) consistently secures the highest rank, despite how the criteria weights vary. Finally, a comparative study is discussed to analyze the validity of the obtained result. The findings of this study confirm that the proposed framework is more useful than and consistent with previously developed methods using the IFSs environment.

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    Sustainability
    Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Julian David Hunt; Andreas Nascimento; Wenxuan Tong; Behnam Zakeri; +7 Authors

    Le secteur des transports traverse une transition rapide vers les véhicules électriques afin de minimiser notre dépendance aux combustibles fossiles et de réduire les émissions de CO2. Cela se produit également dans le secteur du transport de marchandises, avec un déploiement rapide des camions électriques. Ce document propose que le remplacement des camions diesel par des camions électriques ait lieu d'abord sur les itinéraires où la cargaison est livrée d'un endroit à une altitude plus élevée à un endroit à une altitude plus basse. De cette façon, le système de freinage à récupération du camion peut recharger complètement la batterie du camion. Cet article étudie des scénarios où les camions électriques pourraient fonctionner indéfiniment sans électricité du réseau pour charger leurs batteries. Ce concept a été nommé camion électrique à mouvement perpétuel (PMET). Les résultats montrent qu'avec une pente moyenne de 5 %, une vitesse de 60 km/h, le poids de la cargaison doit être au moins 1,32 fois le poids du camion, ce qui permet d'atteindre la PMET. Le PMET est une alternative intéressante pour réduire la demande d'électricité et accroître la durabilité du secteur des transports. El sector del transporte está pasando por una rápida transición a los vehículos eléctricos para minimizar nuestra dependencia de los combustibles fósiles y reducir las emisiones de CO2. Esto también está sucediendo en el sector del transporte de carga, con un rápido despliegue de camiones eléctricos. Este documento propone que el reemplazo de camiones diésel por camiones eléctricos debe ocurrir primero en rutas donde la carga se entrega desde un lugar con mayor altitud a un lugar con menor altitud. De esta manera, el sistema de frenado regenerativo del camión puede recargar completamente la batería del camión. Este documento investiga escenarios en los que los camiones eléctricos podrían operar indefinidamente sin electricidad de la red para cargar sus baterías. Este concepto se denominó camión eléctrico de movimiento perpetuo (PMET). Los resultados muestran que con una pendiente media de la carretera del 5%, velocidad de 60 km/h, el peso de la carga debe ser al menos 1.32 veces el peso del camión, se puede lograr PMET. El PMET es una alternativa interesante para reducir la demanda eléctrica y aumentar la sostenibilidad del sector del transporte. The transportation sector is going through a rapid transition to electric vehicles to minimize our reliance on fossil fuels and reduce CO2 emissions. This is also happening in the cargo transport sector, with a rapid deployment of electric trucks. This paper proposes that the replacement of diesel trucks with electric trucks should first happen on routes where cargo is delivered from a location with a higher altitude to a location with a lower altitude. This way, the regenerative braking system of the truck can completely recharge the truck's battery. This paper investigates scenarios where electric trucks could operate indefinitely without grid electricity to charge their batteries. This concept was named perpetual motion electric truck (PMET). Results show that with an average road slope of 5 %, 60 km/h speed, the weight of the cargo should be at least 1.32 times the weight of the truck, PMET can be achieved. PMET is an interesting alternative to reduce electricity demand and increase the sustainability of the transport sector. يمر قطاع النقل بمرحلة انتقال سريعة إلى السيارات الكهربائية لتقليل اعتمادنا على الوقود الأحفوري وتقليل انبعاثات ثاني أكسيد الكربون. ويحدث هذا أيضًا في قطاع نقل البضائع، مع الانتشار السريع للشاحنات الكهربائية. تقترح هذه الورقة أن يتم استبدال شاحنات الديزل بالشاحنات الكهربائية أولاً على الطرق التي يتم فيها تسليم البضائع من موقع ذي ارتفاع أعلى إلى موقع ذي ارتفاع أقل. وبهذه الطريقة، يمكن لنظام الكبح المتجدد للشاحنة إعادة شحن بطارية الشاحنة بالكامل. تبحث هذه الورقة في السيناريوهات التي يمكن أن تعمل فيها الشاحنات الكهربائية إلى أجل غير مسمى بدون كهرباء الشبكة لشحن بطارياتها. أطلق على هذا المفهوم اسم الشاحنة الكهربائية ذات الحركة الدائمة (PMET). تظهر النتائج أنه مع متوسط انحدار الطريق بنسبة 5 ٪، وسرعة 60 كم/ساعة، يجب أن يكون وزن الحمولة 1.32 مرة على الأقل من وزن الشاحنة، ويمكن تحقيق PMET. تعد PMET بديلاً مثيرًا للاهتمام لتقليل الطلب على الكهرباء وزيادة استدامة قطاع النقل.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ King Abdullah Univer...arrow_drop_down
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    Journal of Energy Storage
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      Journal of Energy Storage
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Authors: J. Sarangan; C. Swaminathan;

    Abstract Oil provides energy for 95% of transportation and the demand of transport fuel continues to rise. According to the assessment of IPCC (International Panel on Climate Change) to climate change, global oil demand will rise by 60% from 75 Mb/d in 2000 to 120 Mb/d in 2030. Almost three quarter of the increase in demand will be form the transport sector. Oil will remain the fuel of choice in road, sea and air transportation. Our country being a developing country, the increase in demand in our country for oil for use in the transport sector will grow at a much higher rate. All countries including India are grappling with the problem of meeting the ever increasing demand of transport fuel with the constraints of international commitments, legal requirements, environmental concerns, and limited resources. In this context transport fuels of biological origin have drawn a great deal of attention during the last two decades. Biofuels are renewable liquid fuels coming from biological raw materials and have been proved to be good substitute for oil in the transportation sector. As such Biofuels ethanol and Biodiesel are gaining world wide acceptance as a solution for problems of environmental degradation, energy security, retracting imports, rural employment and agricultural economy. With a view to add Bio-Fish Oil to the list of biodiesel, experimental studies were made using this bio oil in a single cylinder diesel engine and generator set as substitute for diesel fuel and the results are discussed. It is also blended with oxygenate and EGR technique also used to improve the performance and reduce the emission of the engine. Encouraging results were obtained from this investigation. The percentage reduction is CO – 91%, CO2 – 62%, NOx – 92% and CxHy – 90% were attained when the engine was run at maximum load using BFO with 2% additive with EGR and there was reduction in all the percentages when the engine was run in other loads also. In the case of NOx, there was an increase of this emission by about 48% in the maximum load with BFO when compared with diesel, for obvious reasons and that was also reduced because of the addition of oxygenates and EGR technique. The optimum values were obtained with 2% of additive. When this percentage is increased or decreased the emission were increased.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Biomass and Bioenerg...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Biomass and Bioenergy
    Article . 2012 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Elsevier TDM
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Biomass and Bioenerg...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Biomass and Bioenergy
      Article . 2012 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Edward Corry; Pieter Pauwels; Shushan Hu; Marcus Keane; +1 Authors

    Abstract Narrowing the performance deficit between design intent and the real-time environmental and energy performance of buildings is a complex and involved task, impacting on all building stakeholders. Buildings are designed, built and operated with increasingly complex technologies. Throughout their life-cycle, they produce vast quantities of data. However, many commercial buildings do not perform as originally intended. This paper presents a semantic web based approach to the performance gap problem, describing how heterogeneous building data sources can be transformed into semantically enriched information. A performance assessment ontology and performance framework (software tool) are introduced, which use this heterogeneous data as a service for a structured performance analysis. The demonstrator illustrates how heterogeneous data can be published semantically and then interpreted using a life-cycle performance framework approach.

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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Automation in Construction
    Article
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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Automation in Construction
    Article . 2015 . Peer-reviewed
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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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      Automation in Construction
      Article
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Automation in Construction
      Article . 2015 . Peer-reviewed
      License: Elsevier TDM
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Thijs Defraeye; Jan Carmeliet; Jan Carmeliet; Viktor Dorer; +1 Authors

    Abstract For computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations of large urban areas the air flow near surfaces is normally modelled using Wall Functions (WFs). This study aims at improving the accuracy of WFs, in terms of heat transfer predictions. Turbulent boundary layers at heated building surfaces in a street canyon were analysed with low-Reynolds number modelling (LRNM). Buoyancy was accounted for, due to its importance in street canyons e.g. by solar radiation. Two extreme types of normalized temperature profiles could be identified in the thermal boundary layer dependent on the Richardson (Ri) number. One extreme at low Ri number could be attributed to forced convective flow, which is adequately described by existing standard wall functions (SWFs), and the second extreme at Ri>1 to mixed convective flows, where WFs adapted for non-equilibrium flows (NEWFs) are appropriate. Based on these two extremes, an adaptive temperature wall function (AWF) was derived that varies between the two existing WFs dependent on the local Ri. This AWF can account for the co-occurrence of forced and mixed convective flow regimes at a single surface. CFD simulations of street canyon configurations with SWF showed errors in the wall heat fluxes up to 60%, compared to the LRNM results, and up to 30% for NEWFs. With the proposed AWF, these errors were reduced to less than 10% for the majority of the cases studied over the whole range of Ri numbers. We conclude that the proposed AWF allows for more accurate convective heat transfer analysis in urban CFD studies.

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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Building and Environment
    Article . 2012 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Building and Environment
      Article . 2012 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Asan Vernyuy Wirba; Ibrahim Abubakar Masud; Abu Bakar Munir; Firdaus Muhammad-Sukki; +3 Authors

    Africa is blessed with abundant energy sources that can promote economic growth and provide sufficient capacity to meet up with the future electricity demand. This paper evaluates the progress made in renewable energy (RE) development in Nigeria and Cameroon together with the roadmaps for future implementation. Since the early 2000, Nigeria has identified RE as an additional source to improve electrical power generation, while Cameroon is yet to have a defined policy for RE development. Presently, in both countries, RE is being developed for empowering the local economies, but the RE incorporation to the national grid is yet to be implemented at a greater scale. Since Nigeria and Cameroon have similar climatic conditions, they can benefit from each other through greater cooperation in the RE sector. For the two countries, there is high solar irradiation and excellent wind speed that can be effectively utilized for electricity generation. For all these to benefit both nations, there is a greater need for good leadership and good governance.

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    Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
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    Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
    Article . 2015 . Peer-reviewed
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  • Authors: Mohan P. Thakre; Padmini Sharma; Nishant P. Matale; Payal S. Borse;

    In the current decade, we are facing a parking problem with the advancement in technology. The population in urban cities is dense due to which lots of vehicles are running on the road leads to the parking problem, traffic problem. The world is facing the new challenge of Vehicle parking. It is observed that one million vehicles consume oil on daily basis. In this paper, an automatic real-time system for automated Vehicle parking is proposed. This system has been implemented with the help of the internet of things (IOTs). IOT generally exchanges information or data between the two physical devices. Arduino Uno is a microcontroller used in the proposed system. The main use of Arduino in the proposed system is to provide a platform to communicate digital devices and interactive objects that can sense and control physical devices. The proposed system has been implemented with the help of Arduino Uno board for vehicle parking and Node MCU to connect parking area with web or internet. The proposed system incorporated an infrared sensor in each slot for getting information about the vacancy position of the parking slot. The user book-parking slot well in advance, all the necessary information is available on the server. Every user has an exclusive username and password. In case any misuse happened then the system will alert the responsible person.

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    Authors: María Beatriz Piderit; Franklin Vivanco; Geoffrey van Moeseke; Shady Attia;

    The potential of carbon dioxide emissions mitigation in the building sector can be achieved through energy policies, progressive goals, and support systems to attain sustainable constructions that guarantee the reduction of emissions. Net-Zero Energy Buildings (NZEB) is a concept that allows moving forward to neutralize buildings’ carbon emissions. This has been demonstrated by more industrial countries which have set goals and challenges to progressively approach an energy neutrality balance for buildings. Therefore, the target of this research is to define a framework for a new standard to reach NZEB in Chile. Firstly, an exhaustive review of the energy policies, NZEB definitions, and components of an NZEB system took place. Secondly, focus group discussions with local and international professionals from the building sector were organized to define a vision, opportunities, and potential measures with a focus on policies, to implement and develop local technologies for NZEB buildings in Chile. The study identifies the need to advance public policies to achieve an integrated policy for the implementation of energy neutral concept buildings. Finally, the paper presents a NZEB standard framework, including key performance indicators and suggested performance metrics thresholds.

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    Authors: S. Adish Kumar; P. Arulazhagan; Ick-Tae Yeom; A. Vimala Ebenezer; +1 Authors

    Abstract This study focuses on improving the efficiency of the microwave (MW) pretreatment of waste activated sludge (WAS) through deflocculation mediated by sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP), a cationic binding agent. Deflocculated sludge was subjected to MW pretreatment to assess its impact on biomass disintegration. At the optimised energy for MW pretreatment (14,000 kJ/kg TS), the chemical oxygen demand (COD) solubilisation was 28% and 21% and the reduction in suspended solids (SS) was 38% and 26%, respectively, for deflocculated (treated with a cationic binding agent followed by microwaves) and flocculated (treated by microwaves alone) sludge samples. The formation of volatile fatty acids in the deflocculated sludge medium (840 mg/L) was comparatively higher than that in the flocculated sludge (420 mg/L) and the control (62 mg/L). This study indicates that deflocculated sludge is more amenable to hydrolysis. The results of a test of biochemical methane potential also confirmed the greater amenability of deflocculated sludge for anaerobic degradation.

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    Applied Energy
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    Authors: Antonio Scala; Antonio Scala; Arda Halu; Abdulaziz Khiyami; +1 Authors

    A modeling framework for citywide solar microgrids with real hourly consumption, and the interplay between spatial costs and resilience.

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      DSpace@MIT
      Article . 2015
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    Authors: Arunodaya Raj Mishra; Pratibha Rani; Kiran Pandey; Abbas Mardani; +3 Authors

    Bioenergy is a kind of renewable energy that can potentially contribute to a broad spectrum of economic, environmental, and societal objectives and aid sustainable development. The assessment, management, and monitoring of the diverse bioenergy production technology alternatives are complex in nature and deliver different benefits due to the lack of precise and comprehensive data. Selection of an optimal bioenergy production technology (BPT) alternative is considered a complex multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problem that involves many incompatible tangible and intangible as well as qualitative and quantitative criteria. The procedure of defining and evaluating the weights of the criteria is an important concern for decision experts because the assessment and the final selection of the BPT alternative are carried out on the basis of the defined set of criteria. Intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IFSs) have received considerable attention due to their ability to handle the imprecision and vagueness that can arise in real-life situations. Thus, this study presents an integrated approach, based on stepwise weight assessment ratio analysis (SWARA) and complex proportional assessment (COPRAS) approaches, for the selection of BPT alternatives. In the integrated framework, criteria weights are determined by the SWARA procedure, and the ranking of BPT alternatives is decided by the COPRAS method using IFSs. The criteria weights evaluated by this approach involve the imprecision of experts’ opinions, which makes them more comprehensible. To express the efficiency and applicability of the integrated framework, a BPT selection problem is presented using IFSs. In addition, this study involved sensitivity analysis with respect to various sets of criteria weights to reveal the strength of the developed approach. The sensitivity analysis outcomes indicate that the agricultural and municipal waste of biogas (S3) consistently secures the highest rank, despite how the criteria weights vary. Finally, a comparative study is discussed to analyze the validity of the obtained result. The findings of this study confirm that the proposed framework is more useful than and consistent with previously developed methods using the IFSs environment.

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    Sustainability
    Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
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    Sustainability
    Article . 2020
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      Sustainability
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      Sustainability
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    Authors: Julian David Hunt; Andreas Nascimento; Wenxuan Tong; Behnam Zakeri; +7 Authors

    Le secteur des transports traverse une transition rapide vers les véhicules électriques afin de minimiser notre dépendance aux combustibles fossiles et de réduire les émissions de CO2. Cela se produit également dans le secteur du transport de marchandises, avec un déploiement rapide des camions électriques. Ce document propose que le remplacement des camions diesel par des camions électriques ait lieu d'abord sur les itinéraires où la cargaison est livrée d'un endroit à une altitude plus élevée à un endroit à une altitude plus basse. De cette façon, le système de freinage à récupération du camion peut recharger complètement la batterie du camion. Cet article étudie des scénarios où les camions électriques pourraient fonctionner indéfiniment sans électricité du réseau pour charger leurs batteries. Ce concept a été nommé camion électrique à mouvement perpétuel (PMET). Les résultats montrent qu'avec une pente moyenne de 5 %, une vitesse de 60 km/h, le poids de la cargaison doit être au moins 1,32 fois le poids du camion, ce qui permet d'atteindre la PMET. Le PMET est une alternative intéressante pour réduire la demande d'électricité et accroître la durabilité du secteur des transports. El sector del transporte está pasando por una rápida transición a los vehículos eléctricos para minimizar nuestra dependencia de los combustibles fósiles y reducir las emisiones de CO2. Esto también está sucediendo en el sector del transporte de carga, con un rápido despliegue de camiones eléctricos. Este documento propone que el reemplazo de camiones diésel por camiones eléctricos debe ocurrir primero en rutas donde la carga se entrega desde un lugar con mayor altitud a un lugar con menor altitud. De esta manera, el sistema de frenado regenerativo del camión puede recargar completamente la batería del camión. Este documento investiga escenarios en los que los camiones eléctricos podrían operar indefinidamente sin electricidad de la red para cargar sus baterías. Este concepto se denominó camión eléctrico de movimiento perpetuo (PMET). Los resultados muestran que con una pendiente media de la carretera del 5%, velocidad de 60 km/h, el peso de la carga debe ser al menos 1.32 veces el peso del camión, se puede lograr PMET. El PMET es una alternativa interesante para reducir la demanda eléctrica y aumentar la sostenibilidad del sector del transporte. The transportation sector is going through a rapid transition to electric vehicles to minimize our reliance on fossil fuels and reduce CO2 emissions. This is also happening in the cargo transport sector, with a rapid deployment of electric trucks. This paper proposes that the replacement of diesel trucks with electric trucks should first happen on routes where cargo is delivered from a location with a higher altitude to a location with a lower altitude. This way, the regenerative braking system of the truck can completely recharge the truck's battery. This paper investigates scenarios where electric trucks could operate indefinitely without grid electricity to charge their batteries. This concept was named perpetual motion electric truck (PMET). Results show that with an average road slope of 5 %, 60 km/h speed, the weight of the cargo should be at least 1.32 times the weight of the truck, PMET can be achieved. PMET is an interesting alternative to reduce electricity demand and increase the sustainability of the transport sector. يمر قطاع النقل بمرحلة انتقال سريعة إلى السيارات الكهربائية لتقليل اعتمادنا على الوقود الأحفوري وتقليل انبعاثات ثاني أكسيد الكربون. ويحدث هذا أيضًا في قطاع نقل البضائع، مع الانتشار السريع للشاحنات الكهربائية. تقترح هذه الورقة أن يتم استبدال شاحنات الديزل بالشاحنات الكهربائية أولاً على الطرق التي يتم فيها تسليم البضائع من موقع ذي ارتفاع أعلى إلى موقع ذي ارتفاع أقل. وبهذه الطريقة، يمكن لنظام الكبح المتجدد للشاحنة إعادة شحن بطارية الشاحنة بالكامل. تبحث هذه الورقة في السيناريوهات التي يمكن أن تعمل فيها الشاحنات الكهربائية إلى أجل غير مسمى بدون كهرباء الشبكة لشحن بطارياتها. أطلق على هذا المفهوم اسم الشاحنة الكهربائية ذات الحركة الدائمة (PMET). تظهر النتائج أنه مع متوسط انحدار الطريق بنسبة 5 ٪، وسرعة 60 كم/ساعة، يجب أن يكون وزن الحمولة 1.32 مرة على الأقل من وزن الشاحنة، ويمكن تحقيق PMET. تعد PMET بديلاً مثيرًا للاهتمام لتقليل الطلب على الكهرباء وزيادة استدامة قطاع النقل.

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    Journal of Energy Storage
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    https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/fb...
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      Journal of Energy Storage
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