• Energy Research
• Restricted close
• DK close
• US close
• IN close
• English close

We model the retail market with dynamic pricing as a Stackelberg game where both retailers (leaders) and flexible consumers (followers) solve an economic cost-minimization problem. The electricity retailer optimizes an economic objective over a daily horizon by setting an hourly price-sequence, which is then communicated to the end-consumers. In turn, on the basis of such price sequence, consumers optimize a utility function that accounts both for energy procurement costs and for the benefit loss resulting from deferring consumption. The game is formulated as a Mathematical Problem with Equilibrium Constraints (MPEC) and cast as a Mixed Integer Linear Program (MILP), which can be solved using off-the-shelf optimization software. In an illustrative example, we consider a retailer associated with both flexible demand and wind power production. Such an example shows the efficiency of dynamic pricing as a way to control the load for minimizing the imbalances due to wind power, assesses the overall economic results for the retailer and the consumers as well as the dynamic properties of consumer flexibility.

The chapter gives an introduction to the book "Environmental planning and management : tools for a sustainable development".

The chapter describes two cases where the principles of Integrated Resouce Plannning (IRP) has been applied to simplified systems.

The high expansion rate of renewable generation in the last years was mainly driven by the green transition and the net zero emission targets for 2050. Concerns on the volatility of wind and solar energy, can be mitigated by combining these renewable energy sources with energy storage and operating them coordinately, creating hybrid power plants. Price of batteries has also dropped significantly reaching US$139/kWh in 2023 (battery pack price) and it is expected that by the end of this decade the price will fall below US$100/kWh. Thus, more developers and owners of large renewable plants are looking into their hybridization for both off-grid and grid-connected configurations. The advantages for such a hybrid renewable power plant include complementarity of energy production, better utilization of grid connection while reducing the connection costs, firm capacity of energy production, increase of revenue streams by providing ancillary services, etc. However, the control of a wide range of technologies i.e. wind turbines, solar PV and batteries, from different suppliers poses challenges during their integration into a hybrid power plant.This paper aims to provide an overview of the most common configurations of co-located hybrid power plants including their control architectures. The advantages and challenges for each configuration are discussed in detail from the perspective of OEMs and system integrators.The work presented is part of the ongoing activities in the IEA Wind TCP Task 50 on Hybrid Power Plants that aims to provide a systematic framework and guidelines in this area.

A non-inverting, single switch with voltage lift switched inductor module high gain configurations of the modified SEPIC converter is discussed in the paper for high voltage and low current renewable energy applications. Based on the VLSI module position, modified SEPIC converter are classified into four configurations as MSC VLSI - XLL, MSC VLSI - L YL, MSC VLSI - LLZ and MSC VLSI - XYZ. The goal of the proposed research is to design a converter with high voltage gain ratio. The key advantage of MSC VLSI configurations is: 1) single switch topologies which have a simple control strategy, 2) continuous input current and non-inverting boosted output voltage. The mathematical analysis and Matlab/Simulink results validate the functionality of four configurations of the modified SEPIC converter.

This paper reveals how project program management can aim for lifetime sustainability of offshore windmill parks through innovation. The research is based on a qualitative focus group interview with 11 enterprises and 6 individual semi-constructed interviews with 6 enterprises.Offshore windmill parks are revealed to be complex product systems (CoPS), and this context has an important impact on the structuring of project program management. The findings show a need for the “frontload” of resources in the early stage of project program management. This structure is different from the widely used Stage Gate sequential structuring with typical load of resources in the final stages. A model is developed for structuring programs of windmill parks emphasizing “frontload” on coordination of uncertainty and complexness, creativity and control and integration of relationships. This paper contributes to existing project management literature on CoPS. This paper reveals how project program management can aim for lifetime sustainability of offshore windmill parks through innovation. The research is based on a qualitative focus group interview with 11 enterprises and 6 individual semi-constructed interviews with 6 enterprises.Offshore windmill parks are revealed to be complex product systems (CoPS), and this context has an important impact on the structuring of project program management. The findings show a need for the “frontload” of resources in the early stage of project program management. This structure is different from the widely used Stage Gate sequential structuring with typical load of resources in the final stages. A model is developed for structuring programs of windmill parks emphasizing “frontload” on coordination of uncertainty and complexness, creativity and control and integration of relationships. This paper contributes to existing project management literature on CoPS.