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This article discusses issues related to optimizing the state of East Kazakhstan environment. It is emphasized that along with the industrial progress observed in recent years in the East Kazakhstan region in such sectors of the economy as machinery and metal working, heat and power, woodworking, timber, light and food industries, production of building materials, the level of environmental pollution has increased. The article gives examples of how the activities of the enterprises of metallurgical industry, heat power engineering and motor transport cause a real threat of the environmental crisis in the region. It is concluded that the solution of the environmental problem is possible through comprehensive measures, including the issues of increasing the efficiency of use and protection of water resources, reducing the chemical load on the soil, creating infrastructure for waste processing, improving the health and quality of life of the residents of the region. These measures together can contribute to overcoming the current environmental crisis of the East Kazakhstan region and radically improving the environment as well become the key to optimizing the region’s environment. The methodological basis of the study is the principle of scientific objectivity, which allows analyzing the subject under study taking into account the realities of economic changes in theregion.

Globally, buildings are responsible for a significant share in energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions profiles. Various attempts are undertaken to increase the energy efficiency of buildings and reduce their environmental impact. In semi-continental climate conditions with very hot summers and extremely cold winters, buildings should be carefully designed to ensure efficient harnessing of solar energy and reducing energy loss due to poor insulation and inappropriate use of materials. Amidst the fast development of the construction industry, different façade systems are used in Kazakhstan. In several cases, the choice of the façade materials is defined not by performance but rather by economic aspects and physical appearance. This project aimed to investigate various types of façades adopted in the construction of residential buildings and assess their performance in terms of their impact on buildings’ energy consumption. The preliminary results indicate that there are five main types of façades widely used. Five different models were therefore built using energy simulation software and the respective energy consumption data were estimated. The results testify that buildings with brickwork (clay bricks) and stonework (travertine) façades were more energy efficient than those with brickwork (silica bricks), aluminum composite panels and decorated plaster façades.

Currently, there are serious changes in the environment in Almaty due to the accentuated urbanization processes. The avifauna of the city is experiencing serious stress pressure in this regard, which forces the animals to adapt to new conditions or leave this territory. The last fundamental research on the species composition of the city's fauna was conducted about 3 decades ago. The analysis of information on the birds of Almaty, collected by specialists of the Institute of Zoology over the past 50 years, showed significant changes in the avifauna. 5 categories of bird species were identified: 1) species that have disappeared from the urban fauna, 2) species whose numbers have declined significantly, 3) species that have a tendency to decline in numbers, 4) species whose numbers are stable or have increased, 5) species that are settling.

The article shows that the implementation of oil and gas companies will be implemented in many sectors of the global economy, including the main development sector-manufacturing industry. In Kazakhstan, “positive” experience has been accumulated in connection with the implementation of the oil and gas sector, because it is one of the main aspect of the global industries in our republic. The purpose of this article is to identify trends in the innovative development of the manufacturing industry, as well as to systematize the basic elements of the development industry and economic growth of the country. The correlation analysis will show how the innovation activity of the companies influencing on the GRP of the country. The potential of the company contains any and all available resources: financial, labor, material, immaterial and others, as well as the ability of managers to manage these resources in order to create products and services and to maximize earnings. For the purpose of getting the full company value the company’s potential should be taken into account while applying the income method for valuation oil and gas companies, in calculating the discounted cash flows. The potential management can influence the value of a company and, consequently, the company management.

Environmental management is principally aimed at the formation of ecological productivity, ecological culture and human viability. Development of technologies and processes in environmental management characterized with the principles and items which are specified on the global environmental impact. The very concept of environmental management includes many management problems related to the environmental process as an object of management. Along with governance systems (laws, legislation, rules/regulations, codes and standards etc.), education (awareness raising, capacity building, training, professional development etc.), technology (technologies, and the skills, knowledge and innovation needed to manage those technologies)forms the third and a critical pillar in a policy mix that is needed to tackle environmental problems and aim for sustainability in the long run. Developing technologies that can help solve environmental problems requires a broad range of actions that are to be taken by different “external” stakeholders, besides those that actually develop and operationalize the technologies’ private sector companies, universities and research institutions et. al High levels of pollution and gradual reduction of natural resources, inefficient system of economic incentives for environmental activities - in many cases it will be easier for companies to pay fines than to solve environmental problems.

While design optimization of buildings seeks to improve energy efficiency and, thus, leads to greenhouse gas emissions reduction, the thermal performance of buildings can be compromised. Thermal performance is an important aspect as it directly affects the health and well-being of occupants. This study aims to investigate using a simple simulation tool to examine the correlation between a set of building physical design parameters such as orientation, shading and shape, optimization of which helps to make a positive impact on the thermal performance of the building in a cold climate zone. The thermal performance simulation tool Passive Design Assistant (PDA) was used to build a simulation model and test the interdependence between the design parameters and thermal performance. The results indicate that modifications of building’s parameters such as orientation and shape or the addition of shadings lead to improvements of the internal thermal temperature, heat gain and loss, hence the optimal parameters should prevail. A case study for cold climate is analyzed, in Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, the optimal orientation for the squared building is 30° from East to South (building rotated 120°) and the optimal building’s shape is rectangular, which attracts up to 2.6 times higher solar gains than the square one. Moreover, the use of shadings can regulate the internal temperature of the building by 2 °C. General recommendations based on the findings are made and could be considered in the earlier stage of building design and construction processes.

This article discusses the issue of “green bonds”. “Green” bonds are relevant and attractive for investors today. The features of “green” bonds are presented and the development practice in Europe is studied. The figures show the number of climate-aligned and green bonds worldwide in 2018 by region, the distribution of green bond issuance in Europe in 2019 by type of regional issuers, and the volume of green bond issuance in selected European countries in the first half of 2020.

This paper proposes a solution to the environmental problems in the Republic of Kazakhstan associated with the provision of the population with quality water. The authors propose to use only clear scientific forecasts, practical ecological scenarios, as well as the methodology of the National Action Plan for Environmental Protection and Sustainable Development. This will allow to solve the issues of desertification, salinization, water scarcity, decline in irrigation, agriculture, and the fishing industry in the future. The purpose of the article is to reveal the reasons for the insufficiency and unevenness in the provision of water resources in the republic. In the study the principle of historicism and systems analysis is used. The results of the research confirm and indicate that the growth of the economic potential in industry and the transition to market mechanisms for the development of the economy gave rise to a reduction in reserves of clean water, shallowing of mountain and transboundary rivers, the decrease in fish populations, and the emergence of a real threat of a water ecological crisis in the republic. The obtained theoretical results of the study can be applied when discussing and significantly improving the environmental issues of water resources in the country.