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description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Master thesis LithuaniaPublisher:Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT) Authors: Lovkys, Vladislavas;Nuolat brangstantis kuras, mažėjantys gamtiniai energijos šaltinių ištekliai bei didėjanti aplinkos tarša verčia ieškoti alternatyvių energijos šaltinių. Perspektyviu variklinių degalu laikomas bet kuris cheminis energijos šaltinis, kurio panaudojimas tradicinėse ar naujai kuriamose transporto priemonėse pagerina jų ekologiškumą (sumažina deginių toksiškumą, degalų išgaravimą). Darbe yra pateikti etanolio panaudojimo, kaip papildomo degalo dyzeliniame variklyje, eksperimentinių tyrimų rezultatai. Panaudojant matematinį modelį buvo simuliuojami ir vėliau bandymais patikslinti šie ekonominiai ir ekologiniai rodikliai ir jų priklausomybės nuo etanolio kiekio degiajame mišinyje: lyginamosios ir valandinės degalų sąnaudos, dūmingumas, šviesos absorbcijos koeficientas, taip pat ir prie tam tikro etanolio kiekio mišinyje išvystoma galia bei sukimo momentas ir kt. Bandymo metu nustatytas optimaliausias etanolio kiekis degiajame mišinyje, prie kurio variklio dūmingumas, šviesos absorbcijos koeficientas bei kietųjų dalelių kiekis yra minimalus. Darbą sudaro penkios dalys: įvadas, alternatyvių degalų ir etanolio panaudojimas dyzeliniame variklyje apžvalga, eksperimentiniai tyrimai, išvados, literatūros sąrašas. Darbo apimtis – 60 p. teksto be priedų, 37 iliustracija, 14 lentelės. Atskirai pridedami darbo priedai – matematinio simuliavimo metu gauti rezultatai bei parametrų priklausomybės. Всё дорожающие топливо, уменьшающиеся природные запасы источников энергии и увеличивающиеся загрязнение атмосферы заставляет искать альтернативные виды топлива. Перспективным топливом считается любой химический источник энергии, использование которого в традиционных и проектируемых транспортных средствах у��учшает их экологические параметры (уменьшает уровень выброса токсичных продуктов сгорания) В работе рассматривается применение этанола как дополнение к топливу в дизельных двигателях, влияние этанола, в зависимости от его концентрации в рабочей смеси, на экологические и экономические показатели, такие как эмиссия дыма, коэффициент абсолютного светопоглощения, мощность и крутящий момент двигателя, удельный эффективный и часовой расход топлива и т.п. В ходе математического моделирования и позже испытаний проверено и установлено оптимальное содержание этанола в рабочей смеси при котором эмиссия дыма и коэффициент абсолютного светопоглащения минимальны. Работа состоит из пяти частей: введение, анализ применения этанола и альтернативных видов топлива в дизельном двигателе, экспериментные испытания, выводы, список литературы. Объём работы – 60 страниц без добавлений, 37 иллюстраций, 14 таблиц. Отдельно предоставлены добавления к работе – полученные результаты и зависимости параметров при математическом симулировании. All rising in price the fuel, decreasing natural stocks of energy sources and atmospheres increasing pollution forces to search for alternative kinds of fuel. Perspective fuel considers any chemical energy source which use in traditional and projected vehicles improves their ecological parametres (reduces level of emission of toxic products of combustion). In work ethanol application as addition to fuel in diesel engines, ethanol influence, depending on its concentration in a working mix, on ecological and economic indicators is considered, such as smoke issue, factor of absolute absorption of light, power and the twisting moment of the engine, the specific effective and hour expense of fuel, etc. During mathematical modelling and after tests the optimum maintenance of ethanol in a working mix is checked up and established at which issue of a smoke and factor of absolute absorption of light are minimum. Work consists of five parts: introduction, the analysis of application of ethanol and alternative kinds of fuel in the diesel engine, experimental tests, conclusions, the literature list. Work volume - 60 page without additions, 37 illustration, 14 tables. Additions to work - the received results and dependences of parametres are separately given at mathematical feigning.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Master thesis LithuaniaPublisher:Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT) Authors: Liobikienė, Genovaitė;Didėjant žmonių poreikiams, didėja ir išteklių naudojimas. Todėl yra labai svarbu išteklius naudoti kuo efektyviau. O kadangi mineraliniai ištekliai yra neatsinaujinantys ištekliai, tai jų efektyvus naudojimas yra ypač svarbus. Šio darbo tikslas ir buvo atlikti Lietuvos mineralinių išteklių naudojimo pokyčių analizę darnaus vystymosi požiūriu. Mineraliniai ištekliai bendroje išteklių struktūroje sudarė 32 %. Lietuvoje yra eksploatuojamos 5 mineralinių išteklių rūšys: smėlis bei žvyras, klintis, dolomitas ir molis. Smėlis bei žvyras sudaro pagrindinę eksploatuojamų išteklių dalį - 75, dolomitas – 14 %, klintis – 8 %, molis – 3 %. Visų mineralinių išteklių bendrą balansą sudar����� gavyba 95 %, importas – 5 %, eksportas – 4 %. Mineralinių išteklių bendras bei vietinis sunaudojimas nuo 1996 m. iki 2006 m. kito netolygiai. Didžiausias jų sunaudojimo augimas buvo nuo 2001 m. iki 2006 m., jis išaugo 2 kartais. Mineralinių išteklių ekologinis efektyvumas (EE) 1996 – 2006 m. buvo nepastovus. Tam turėjo įtakos 1999 m. Rusijos ekonominė krizė, kuri iškraipė 1998 – 2002 m. EE duomenis. Tačiau 2006 m. ekologinis efektyvumas buvo net 46 % didesnis lyginant su 1996 m. Didžiausią įtaką vietiniam mineralinių išteklių sunaudojimui turėjo pastatytų naujų namų skaičius. Tiesioginių užsienio investicijų statybų sektoriui, bendro BVP įtaka mineralinių išteklių naudojimui buvo mažesnė. Mažiausiai šių išteklių vietinį sunaudojimą veikė naudingo ploto tenkančio vienam gyventojui veiksnys bei... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] Physical growth of society increases the consumption of materials. Therefore nowadays the material eco-efficiency became very important. Since the construction minerals are one of the non-renewable resources thus their eco-efficiency is the most important. The aim of this work was to evaluate the eco-efficiency of construction minerals by sustainability approach. It is estimated that the construction minerals make 32 % of all resources. In Lithuania there are five kinds of construction minerals that are exploited: limestone, dolomite, clay, gravel and sand. Sand and gravel form a major part of all exploitable resources (75 %), while dolomite only 14 %, limestone – 8 %, and clay – 3 %. The extraction of all construction minerals is estimated to be 95 %, import – 5%, and export – 4% of total construction mineral input. In this work it was determined that during the analysed period, from 1996 to 2006, the direct construction materials input and consumption fluctuated. The biggest consumption’s growth – twofold incease – was during the period of 2001-2006. It was determined that the eco-efficiency of construction minerals also underwent fluctuation during 1996-2006. It was influenced by the economical crisis in Russia in 1999ies. However, the change of eco-efficiency got a tendency of slight increase, and in 2006 the eco-efficiency was higher by 46 % than in 1996. It can be concluded that construction sector, especially new buildings, has the highest impact on the consumption of... [to full text]
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Master thesis LithuaniaPublisher:Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT) Authors: Masilionytė, Laura;During the period 1996–2005, experiments were carried out at the Joniškėlis Research Station of the Lithuanian Institute of Agriculture on an Endocalcari-Endohypogleyic Cambisol. The experiment was set up in 1956 in the ten - field crop rotation: 1) mixture of vetch and oat, 2) winter wheat, 3) spring barley, 4) fodder beet, 5)spring barley with under sowing, 6) 1-st year perennial grasses (red clover and timothy), 7) 2-nd year perennial grasses, 8) winter wheat, 9) fodder beet, 10) spring barley. Scheme of the soil tillage: 1) Conventional soil tillage with ploughing 22-25 cm, 2) permanent shallow ploughing 12-15 cm, 3) soil tillage with an inconstant ploughing depth: 25 cm in fallow, 20 cm after perennial grasses, 15 cm after spring barley, 10 cm after fodder beet, 20-25 cm after winter wheat, 4) soil ploughing depth according to necessity, 5) deep loosening with chisel cultivator PČ-2,5 25 cm. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the influence of conventional and permanent shallow soil tillage, its alternation, and no-shell board deep loosening on humous, soil physical properties, the productivity of crop rotation and energy efficiency. During the fifth crop rotation, conventional soil tillage alternated with permanent shallow soil tillage or with deep loosening with an inconstant ploughing depth according to necessity had no significantly influence on soil humous. The most increase (0,19 percentage units) of soil humous was determined in soil tillage with an... [to full text]
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Master thesis LithuaniaPublisher:Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT) Authors: Pilipavičius, Vilmantas;Lietuvoje susidaro nemaži nuotekų dumblo kiekiai, kurių susidarymą sąlygoje gyventojų ir iš pramonės įmonių atitekančios nuotekos. Tinkamai paruoštas nuotekų dumblas, gali būti naudojamas kaip trąša žemės ūkyje ir kaip kuras energetikoje (tiesiogiai ar kaip žaliava biodujų gamybai). Dumblą apdoroti ir išgauti energiją galima įdiegiant bioreaktorius. Darbo tikslas: ištirti nuotekų dumblo ir maisto atliekų mišinio anaerobinio perdirbimo į biodujas galimybes ir įvertinti jų energinį potencialą. Remiantis empirinėmis formulėmis, parašyta maisto atliekų ir jų paruošimo energijos sąnaudų įvertinimo metodika. Atlikti skaičiavimai rodo, kad 6,95 MJ/t energijos sąnaudų patiriama perdirbant ir paruošiant maisto atliekas surinktas iš Kauno miesto ugdymo ir maitinimo įstaigų. Nustatyta, kad nuotekų dumblą perdirbanti biodujų jėgainė suvartoja 18,8 MJ tonai dumblo perdirbti į biodujas. Eksperimentinių tyrimų metu nustatyta maisto atliekų mišinio su nuotekų dumblu sudėtis, kurios sausosios medžiagos koncentracija siekia 6,3–6,4 %. In Lithuania produced significant quantities of sewage sludge, which is affected by population and industry wastewater usage. Appropriate treatment of sewage sludge can be used as fertilizers in agriculture, energy as a fuel (either directly or as feedstock for biogas production). The sludge treatment and energy production is the introduction of bioreactors. The purpose of this work: To investigate the use of sewage sludge and food waste into a mixture of biogas from anaerobic processing capabilities and assess its energy potential. The paper is written based on empirical formulas for food preparation and waste of energy consumption assessment methods. Performed calculations indicate that 6,95 MJ/t of energy costs incurred in processing and cooking of food waste in Kaunas city and school catering. It was found that sewage sludge processing in the biogas power plant consumes 18,8 MJ/t of energy. Experimental trials of food waste mixed with sewage sludge shows that total solids amounts to 6,3–6,4 %.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2010 LithuaniaPublisher:Lithuanian Academic e-Library (eLABa) Authors: Povilaitis, Virmantas; Tilvikienė, Vita; Lazauskas, Sigitas; Kadžiulienė, Žydrė;Fossil fuels–oil, coal, and natural gas–dominate the world energy economy, covering more than 80% of the total primary energy supply. Commitments to decreasing greenhouse gas emission, desire to secure and diversify the supply of energy and uncertainties related to oil price are rendering various biomass types more interesting fuels in industrialized countries, and the modern use of biomass is increasing rapidly in many parts of the world. Lithuania has a goal to reach 23% of all energy will be make from renewable resources in 2020. In nowadays the bigger part of renewable energy are make from wood and wood wastes. To reach the goal of 2020 will be necessary to use the potential of agriculture. The middle plane of Lithuania is the area of the most suitable lands for agriculture. Didėjantis atsinaujinančių energijos šaltinių poreikis verčia atidžiau pažvelgti į žemės ūkio galimybes. Vidurio Lietuvos lygumose plytinčiuose derlingiausiuose Lietuvos dirvožemiuose yra didžiausios galimybės sėkmingai išnaudoti javų potencialą ne tik maisto bei pašarų pramonei, bet ir atsinaujinančios energetikos šaltiniams sukurti. Žemės ūkio produktų, ypač javų, panaudojimas atsinaujinančiai energetikai gali atverti naujas žemės ūkio, perdirbimo pramonės bei eksporto galimybes.
Lietuvos Akademinė E... arrow_drop_down Lietuvos Akademinė Elektroninė BibliotekaArticleData sources: Lietuvos Akademinė Elektroninė Bibliotekahttps://vb.lituanistikadb.lt/L...Article . 2010Data sources: “Lituanistika”, International Research Databaseadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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more_vert Lietuvos Akademinė E... arrow_drop_down Lietuvos Akademinė Elektroninė BibliotekaArticleData sources: Lietuvos Akademinė Elektroninė Bibliotekahttps://vb.lituanistikadb.lt/L...Article . 2010Data sources: “Lituanistika”, International Research Databaseadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Master thesis LithuaniaPublisher:Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT) Authors: Andriuškevičienė, Irina;The IPCC notes that the twentieth century. the beginning of the planet's surface temperature has increased by 0,7 ° C in Europe - 1 º C.. In the twenty-first century. It may be increased by 1,5 to 5,5 °. The greatest negative impact on compressor. for half saw blade makes the high (+ 27 - + 31 0C) temperatures and increased rainfall. The greatest impact can withstand destruction had frost and precipitation (rain, hail). Significant damage to the pine lappet population abundance had extreme natural-active vegetation period of frost. In the population significantly reduced the use of sanitary protection. Nun Moth in the population affected in 1982 local drought. And in 1996 population decline may be associated with a large forest fire, ice, beginning of the year (-33 0C), and autumn frosts in mid-September (-6 0C.). Tarpvyriausybinė klimato kaitos komisija pažymi, kad nuo XX a. pradžios planetos oro temperatūra pakilo 0,7oC, Europoje – 1oC. Per XXI a. ji gali padidėti dar 1,5–5,5oC. Didžiausią neigiamą poveikį papr. pušiniam pjūkleliui daro aukšta ( + 27 - + 31 0C) oro temperatūra ir padidėjęs kritulių kiekis. Didžiausią poveikį pušinio pelėdgalvio sunykimui turėjo šalnos bei krituliai (liūtis, kruša). Didelę žalą pušinio verpiko populiacijos gausumui turėjo stichinė-ekstremali aktyvios augalų vegetacijos laikotarpio šalna. Verpiko vienuolio populiacijos gausumui turėjo įtakos 1982 m. vietinė stichinė sausra. O 1996 m. populiacijos mažėjimą galima sieti su dideliu miško gaisringumu, metų pradžioje užfiksuotu speigu (-33 0C), bei rudens šalnomis rugsėjo viduryje (-6 0C).
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You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2010 LithuaniaPublisher:Lithuanian Academic e-Library (eLABa) Authors: Vaišnoras, Tomas;A scenario is a policy analysis tool that describes a possible set of future conditions. Their main function and usefulness is to assist in decision-making by offering the possibility to identify problems, threats and opportunities. In terms of innovative methods for policy analysis, the foresight and scenario building methods can be an interesting reference for social and political sciences. By examining an internally consistent and rational chain of events and trends that may follow from present actions, they allow a better assessment of alternative policies. This approach is particularly suitable for analysis of energy trends. As an illustration, in the second part of the article, scenario building method will be used in order to create energy security scenarios for Lithuania, Latvia and Poland. Scenarijų konstravimo metodas vis plačiau taikomas politikos moksluose. Suvokdami prognozavimą kaip vieną iš neatsiejamų strateginio planavimo dalių, politinių procesų tyrėjai stengiasi atrasti galimus įvykių raidos variantus ir nuspėti, kokie veiksniai galėtų labiausiai įtakoti vietinio ar kitokio scenarijaus išsipildymą. Šiame straipsnyje bus išsamiau pristatomas scenarijų konstravimo metodas, pateikiami apibrėžimai, pagrindiniai konstravimo principai bei sąlygos. Antroje straipsnio dalyje, pasinaudojant minėtu metodu, bus konstruojami galimi Lietuvos, Latvijos ir Lenkijos energetinio saugumo scenarijai.
Lietuvos Akademinė E... arrow_drop_down Lietuvos Akademinė Elektroninė BibliotekaArticleData sources: Lietuvos Akademinė Elektroninė BibliotekaPolitikos mokslų almanachasArticle . 2010Data sources: “Lituanistika”, International Research Databaseadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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more_vert Lietuvos Akademinė E... arrow_drop_down Lietuvos Akademinė Elektroninė BibliotekaArticleData sources: Lietuvos Akademinė Elektroninė BibliotekaPolitikos mokslų almanachasArticle . 2010Data sources: “Lituanistika”, International Research Databaseadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Master thesis LithuaniaPublisher:Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT) Authors: Petkūnas, Antanas;Climate change challenges are relevant and universally accepted. Climate change requires not only accommodation of people and nature, but also it requires the adaptation of policy. During the development of CAP reforms this policy became more oriented towards needs of consumer and environment than addressing promotion of food production. The question is what kind of impact makes climate change to the development of the Common Agricultural Policy of the EU and what role climate change plays not only the current period of the CAP, but in the nearest future of this policy as well. The purpose of this work is to evaluate the role of climate change in the Common Agricultural Policy of the EU. The scientific literature of foreign and Lithuanian authors helped to indicate and set the tasks for this work and to support the validity of the chosen subject. Lithuania and the EU legislation and analysis of other documents allowed to identify the instruments for the fight against risks of climate change and evaluate the conditions for rise of these instruments in the CAP, as well as assessing the risks of climate change in the legal framework. This literature review and expert opinion of Lithuania has confirmed the hypothesis that climate change plays an increasingly important role in the Common Agricultural Policy of the EU. The CAP may be applied to a certain extent in the fight against climate change and adapting to it, but the implementation of the measures related to this... [to full text] Klimato kaitos keliami iššūkiai yra aktualūs ir visuotinai pripažinti. Klimato kaita verčia prisitaikyti netik gyventojus, gamtą, bet verčia atitinkamai pritaikyti ir vykdoma politiką. BŽŪP reformų eigoje iš maisto gamybai skatinti skirtos politikos tapo į vartotojų poreikius bei aplinkosaugą orientuota politika. Kyla klausimas, kokią įtaką klimato kaita daro ES Bendrosios žemės ūkio politikos formavimui ir koks klimato kaitas vaidmuo yra netik dabartinėje BŽŪP, bet ir artimiausioje šios politikos perspektyvoje. Šio magistro baigiamojo darbo tikslas yra įvertinti klimato kaitos vaidmenį ES Bendrojoje žemės ūkio politikoje. Darbe nagrinėjama užsienio ir Lietuvos mokslinė literatūra padėjo suformuoti darbo uždavinius ir įsitikinti darbo temos pasirinkimo pagrįstumu. LR ir ES teisės aktų bei kitų dokumentų analizė leido identifikuoti kovos su klimato kaitos rizikomis instrumentus ir sąlygas jiems atsirasti BŽŪP, o taip pat įvertinti klimato kaitos rizikų teisinį reglamentavimą. Ši literatūros analizė bei Lietuvos ekspertų nuomonės leido patvirtinti iškeltą hipotezę, kad klimato kaita ES Bendrojoje žemės ūkio politikoje vaidina vis didesnį vaidmenį. BŽŪP gali būt tam tikras pagrindas tiek kovojant su klimato kaita, tiek prisitaikant prie jos, tačiau su šiuo ateities iššūkiu susijusių priemonių įgyvendinimas turi būti betarpiškai koordinuojamas su kitomis ES vykdomomis politikos sritimis.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Bachelor thesis LithuaniaPublisher:Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT) Authors: Norkutė, Laura;The bachelor thesis includes the summary, the introduction, four sections, the conclusion, the literature list and appendices. The thesis consists of 42 pages. The first section outlines the theoretical material about the structure of the sun and its energy potential. The second section analyses and describes the structure of PV, properties, parameters, and the efficiency of PVM energy conversion. The thesis includes the experimental analyses of foreign authors on the efficiency of PVMs depending on the temperature of the modules. The third section is the empirical part, which presents the results of the laboratory experiment with PVMs. The analysis includes the variability of parameters of PVMs (short circuit current, open circuit voltage, power). The fourth section describer the prospects of photovoltaic electricity and its development potential. Bakalaurinį darbą sudaro: anotacija, įvadas, 4 skyriai, išvados, literatūros sąrašas ir priedai. Darbo apimtis – 42 puslapiai. Bakalaurinio darbo pirmajame skyriuje yra pateikta teorinė medžiaga apie Saulės sandarą bei jos energetinį potencialą. Antrajame skyriuje analizuota ir aprašyta FE sandara, charakteristikos, parametrai, FVM energijos konversijos efektyvumas. Aptarta užsienio autorių aprašyti eksperimentiniai tyrimai su FVM tiriant energetinio efektyvumo priklausomybę nuo modulių temperatūros. Trečias skyrius - praktinė dalis, kurioje aprašyti laboratorijoje atlikti eksperimentinių tyrimų su FVM rezultatai. Analizuota, kaip kinta FVM parametrai (trumpo jungimo srovė, atviros grandinės įtampa, galia). Ketvirtajame skyriuje aprašytos fotoelektros vystymosi tendencijos ir plėtros perspektyvos.
Lietuvos Akademinė E... arrow_drop_down Lietuvos Akademinė Elektroninė BibliotekaBachelor thesisData sources: Lietuvos Akademinė Elektroninė Bibliotekaadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen more_vert Lietuvos Akademinė E... arrow_drop_down Lietuvos Akademinė Elektroninė BibliotekaBachelor thesisData sources: Lietuvos Akademinė Elektroninė Bibliotekaadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Master thesis LithuaniaPublisher:Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT) Authors: Televičiūtė, Marytė;During the work was made an overview of the main parameters of wind energy. Attention is drawn to the wind direction and its influence on the amount of electricity generated. A brief overview was made of the wind resource assessment techniques. For this purpose, use of mathematical models and wind parameters collection of data in the target area. Assessed household needs certain time of day during the year. During acquainted with the current situation and wind energy development opportunities in Lithuania. Provided opportunities for development. Made an overview of wind power research methodology and main settings. Selected wind power calculation program conducted six different power plants calculations. According to the environment, and turbine parameters were calculated for wind turbines produced electricity. Wind power plant to generate energy comparable to household needs and provided, when the load is met. Generating electricity is calculated on a monthly basis throughout the year. Taking advantage of the program was carried out and the payback of electricity produced optimal price forecast. The paper studies showed that only half of the selected wind turbine pays off. Capacity factors are presented that shows how much percentage of time during the year will work the wind turbine. Darbo metu apžvelgti vėjo energijos pagrindiniai parametrai. Atkreiptas dėmesys į vėjo kryptį ir jo įtaką generuojamos elektros energijos kiekiui. Trumpai apžvelgti vėjo išteklių įvertinimo būdai. Šiam tikslui naudojami matematiniai modeliai arba vėjo parametrų duomenų rinkimas pasirinktoje vietovėje. Įvertinami namų ūkio poreikiai tam tikru paros metu ir per metus. Darbo metu susipažinta su dabartine vėjo energetikos padėtimi ir plėtros galimybėmis Lietuvoje. Pateikiamos plėtros galimybės. Apžvelgta vėjo jėgainių tyrimo metodika ir pagrindiniai parametrai. Pasirinkus vėjo jėgainių skaičiavimo programą, atlikta šešių įvairios galios jėgainių skaičiavimai. Pagal aplinkos ir pasirinktos turbinos parametrus buvo apskaičiuotas vėjo turbinų pagamintas elektros energijos kiekis. Vėjo jėgainėje generuojamas energijos kiekis palyginamas su namų ūkio poreikiais ir pateikiama, kada apkrova yra tenkinama. Generuojamos elektros energijos dydis apskaičiuotas kas mėnesį visus metus. Pasinaudojant programa, buvo atlikta atsiperkamumo ir pagamintos elektros energijos optimalios kainos prognozė. Darbe atliktais tyrimais parodyta, kad tik pusė pasirinktų vėjo jėgainių atsiperka. Pateikiami naudingumo faktoriai, kurie parodo kiek laiko per metus procentais dirbs tokia vėjo jėgainė.
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description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Master thesis LithuaniaPublisher:Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT) Authors: Lovkys, Vladislavas;Nuolat brangstantis kuras, mažėjantys gamtiniai energijos šaltinių ištekliai bei didėjanti aplinkos tarša verčia ieškoti alternatyvių energijos šaltinių. Perspektyviu variklinių degalu laikomas bet kuris cheminis energijos šaltinis, kurio panaudojimas tradicinėse ar naujai kuriamose transporto priemonėse pagerina jų ekologiškumą (sumažina deginių toksiškumą, degalų išgaravimą). Darbe yra pateikti etanolio panaudojimo, kaip papildomo degalo dyzeliniame variklyje, eksperimentinių tyrimų rezultatai. Panaudojant matematinį modelį buvo simuliuojami ir vėliau bandymais patikslinti šie ekonominiai ir ekologiniai rodikliai ir jų priklausomybės nuo etanolio kiekio degiajame mišinyje: lyginamosios ir valandinės degalų sąnaudos, dūmingumas, šviesos absorbcijos koeficientas, taip pat ir prie tam tikro etanolio kiekio mišinyje išvystoma galia bei sukimo momentas ir kt. Bandymo metu nustatytas optimaliausias etanolio kiekis degiajame mišinyje, prie kurio variklio dūmingumas, šviesos absorbcijos koeficientas bei kietųjų dalelių kiekis yra minimalus. Darbą sudaro penkios dalys: įvadas, alternatyvių degalų ir etanolio panaudojimas dyzeliniame variklyje apžvalga, eksperimentiniai tyrimai, išvados, literatūros sąrašas. Darbo apimtis – 60 p. teksto be priedų, 37 iliustracija, 14 lentelės. Atskirai pridedami darbo priedai – matematinio simuliavimo metu gauti rezultatai bei parametrų priklausomybės. Всё дорожающие топливо, уменьшающиеся природные запасы источников энергии и увеличивающиеся загрязнение атмосферы заставляет искать альтернативные виды топлива. Перспективным топливом считается любой химический источник энергии, использование которого в традиционных и проектируемых транспортных средствах у��учшает их экологические параметры (уменьшает уровень выброса токсичных продуктов сгорания) В работе рассматривается применение этанола как дополнение к топливу в дизельных двигателях, влияние этанола, в зависимости от его концентрации в рабочей смеси, на экологические и экономические показатели, такие как эмиссия дыма, коэффициент абсолютного светопоглощения, мощность и крутящий момент двигателя, удельный эффективный и часовой расход топлива и т.п. В ходе математического моделирования и позже испытаний проверено и установлено оптимальное содержание этанола в рабочей смеси при котором эмиссия дыма и коэффициент абсолютного светопоглащения минимальны. Работа состоит из пяти частей: введение, анализ применения этанола и альтернативных видов топлива в дизельном двигателе, экспериментные испытания, выводы, список литературы. Объём работы – 60 страниц без добавлений, 37 иллюстраций, 14 таблиц. Отдельно предоставлены добавления к работе – полученные результаты и зависимости параметров при математическом симулировании. All rising in price the fuel, decreasing natural stocks of energy sources and atmospheres increasing pollution forces to search for alternative kinds of fuel. Perspective fuel considers any chemical energy source which use in traditional and projected vehicles improves their ecological parametres (reduces level of emission of toxic products of combustion). In work ethanol application as addition to fuel in diesel engines, ethanol influence, depending on its concentration in a working mix, on ecological and economic indicators is considered, such as smoke issue, factor of absolute absorption of light, power and the twisting moment of the engine, the specific effective and hour expense of fuel, etc. During mathematical modelling and after tests the optimum maintenance of ethanol in a working mix is checked up and established at which issue of a smoke and factor of absolute absorption of light are minimum. Work consists of five parts: introduction, the analysis of application of ethanol and alternative kinds of fuel in the diesel engine, experimental tests, conclusions, the literature list. Work volume - 60 page without additions, 37 illustration, 14 tables. Additions to work - the received results and dependences of parametres are separately given at mathematical feigning.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Master thesis LithuaniaPublisher:Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT) Authors: Liobikienė, Genovaitė;Didėjant žmonių poreikiams, didėja ir išteklių naudojimas. Todėl yra labai svarbu išteklius naudoti kuo efektyviau. O kadangi mineraliniai ištekliai yra neatsinaujinantys ištekliai, tai jų efektyvus naudojimas yra ypač svarbus. Šio darbo tikslas ir buvo atlikti Lietuvos mineralinių išteklių naudojimo pokyčių analizę darnaus vystymosi požiūriu. Mineraliniai ištekliai bendroje išteklių struktūroje sudarė 32 %. Lietuvoje yra eksploatuojamos 5 mineralinių išteklių rūšys: smėlis bei žvyras, klintis, dolomitas ir molis. Smėlis bei žvyras sudaro pagrindinę eksploatuojamų išteklių dalį - 75, dolomitas – 14 %, klintis – 8 %, molis – 3 %. Visų mineralinių išteklių bendrą balansą sudar����� gavyba 95 %, importas – 5 %, eksportas – 4 %. Mineralinių išteklių bendras bei vietinis sunaudojimas nuo 1996 m. iki 2006 m. kito netolygiai. Didžiausias jų sunaudojimo augimas buvo nuo 2001 m. iki 2006 m., jis išaugo 2 kartais. Mineralinių išteklių ekologinis efektyvumas (EE) 1996 – 2006 m. buvo nepastovus. Tam turėjo įtakos 1999 m. Rusijos ekonominė krizė, kuri iškraipė 1998 – 2002 m. EE duomenis. Tačiau 2006 m. ekologinis efektyvumas buvo net 46 % didesnis lyginant su 1996 m. Didžiausią įtaką vietiniam mineralinių išteklių sunaudojimui turėjo pastatytų naujų namų skaičius. Tiesioginių užsienio investicijų statybų sektoriui, bendro BVP įtaka mineralinių išteklių naudojimui buvo mažesnė. Mažiausiai šių išteklių vietinį sunaudojimą veikė naudingo ploto tenkančio vienam gyventojui veiksnys bei... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] Physical growth of society increases the consumption of materials. Therefore nowadays the material eco-efficiency became very important. Since the construction minerals are one of the non-renewable resources thus their eco-efficiency is the most important. The aim of this work was to evaluate the eco-efficiency of construction minerals by sustainability approach. It is estimated that the construction minerals make 32 % of all resources. In Lithuania there are five kinds of construction minerals that are exploited: limestone, dolomite, clay, gravel and sand. Sand and gravel form a major part of all exploitable resources (75 %), while dolomite only 14 %, limestone – 8 %, and clay – 3 %. The extraction of all construction minerals is estimated to be 95 %, import – 5%, and export – 4% of total construction mineral input. In this work it was determined that during the analysed period, from 1996 to 2006, the direct construction materials input and consumption fluctuated. The biggest consumption’s growth – twofold incease – was during the period of 2001-2006. It was determined that the eco-efficiency of construction minerals also underwent fluctuation during 1996-2006. It was influenced by the economical crisis in Russia in 1999ies. However, the change of eco-efficiency got a tendency of slight increase, and in 2006 the eco-efficiency was higher by 46 % than in 1996. It can be concluded that construction sector, especially new buildings, has the highest impact on the consumption of... [to full text]
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Master thesis LithuaniaPublisher:Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT) Authors: Masilionytė, Laura;During the period 1996–2005, experiments were carried out at the Joniškėlis Research Station of the Lithuanian Institute of Agriculture on an Endocalcari-Endohypogleyic Cambisol. The experiment was set up in 1956 in the ten - field crop rotation: 1) mixture of vetch and oat, 2) winter wheat, 3) spring barley, 4) fodder beet, 5)spring barley with under sowing, 6) 1-st year perennial grasses (red clover and timothy), 7) 2-nd year perennial grasses, 8) winter wheat, 9) fodder beet, 10) spring barley. Scheme of the soil tillage: 1) Conventional soil tillage with ploughing 22-25 cm, 2) permanent shallow ploughing 12-15 cm, 3) soil tillage with an inconstant ploughing depth: 25 cm in fallow, 20 cm after perennial grasses, 15 cm after spring barley, 10 cm after fodder beet, 20-25 cm after winter wheat, 4) soil ploughing depth according to necessity, 5) deep loosening with chisel cultivator PČ-2,5 25 cm. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the influence of conventional and permanent shallow soil tillage, its alternation, and no-shell board deep loosening on humous, soil physical properties, the productivity of crop rotation and energy efficiency. During the fifth crop rotation, conventional soil tillage alternated with permanent shallow soil tillage or with deep loosening with an inconstant ploughing depth according to necessity had no significantly influence on soil humous. The most increase (0,19 percentage units) of soil humous was determined in soil tillage with an... [to full text]
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You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Master thesis LithuaniaPublisher:Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT) Authors: Pilipavičius, Vilmantas;Lietuvoje susidaro nemaži nuotekų dumblo kiekiai, kurių susidarymą sąlygoje gyventojų ir iš pramonės įmonių atitekančios nuotekos. Tinkamai paruoštas nuotekų dumblas, gali būti naudojamas kaip trąša žemės ūkyje ir kaip kuras energetikoje (tiesiogiai ar kaip žaliava biodujų gamybai). Dumblą apdoroti ir išgauti energiją galima įdiegiant bioreaktorius. Darbo tikslas: ištirti nuotekų dumblo ir maisto atliekų mišinio anaerobinio perdirbimo į biodujas galimybes ir įvertinti jų energinį potencialą. Remiantis empirinėmis formulėmis, parašyta maisto atliekų ir jų paruošimo energijos sąnaudų įvertinimo metodika. Atlikti skaičiavimai rodo, kad 6,95 MJ/t energijos sąnaudų patiriama perdirbant ir paruošiant maisto atliekas surinktas iš Kauno miesto ugdymo ir maitinimo įstaigų. Nustatyta, kad nuotekų dumblą perdirbanti biodujų jėgainė suvartoja 18,8 MJ tonai dumblo perdirbti į biodujas. Eksperimentinių tyrimų metu nustatyta maisto atliekų mišinio su nuotekų dumblu sudėtis, kurios sausosios medžiagos koncentracija siekia 6,3–6,4 %. In Lithuania produced significant quantities of sewage sludge, which is affected by population and industry wastewater usage. Appropriate treatment of sewage sludge can be used as fertilizers in agriculture, energy as a fuel (either directly or as feedstock for biogas production). The sludge treatment and energy production is the introduction of bioreactors. The purpose of this work: To investigate the use of sewage sludge and food waste into a mixture of biogas from anaerobic processing capabilities and assess its energy potential. The paper is written based on empirical formulas for food preparation and waste of energy consumption assessment methods. Performed calculations indicate that 6,95 MJ/t of energy costs incurred in processing and cooking of food waste in Kaunas city and school catering. It was found that sewage sludge processing in the biogas power plant consumes 18,8 MJ/t of energy. Experimental trials of food waste mixed with sewage sludge shows that total solids amounts to 6,3–6,4 %.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2010 LithuaniaPublisher:Lithuanian Academic e-Library (eLABa) Authors: Povilaitis, Virmantas; Tilvikienė, Vita; Lazauskas, Sigitas; Kadžiulienė, Žydrė;Fossil fuels–oil, coal, and natural gas–dominate the world energy economy, covering more than 80% of the total primary energy supply. Commitments to decreasing greenhouse gas emission, desire to secure and diversify the supply of energy and uncertainties related to oil price are rendering various biomass types more interesting fuels in industrialized countries, and the modern use of biomass is increasing rapidly in many parts of the world. Lithuania has a goal to reach 23% of all energy will be make from renewable resources in 2020. In nowadays the bigger part of renewable energy are make from wood and wood wastes. To reach the goal of 2020 will be necessary to use the potential of agriculture. The middle plane of Lithuania is the area of the most suitable lands for agriculture. Didėjantis atsinaujinančių energijos šaltinių poreikis verčia atidžiau pažvelgti į žemės ūkio galimybes. Vidurio Lietuvos lygumose plytinčiuose derlingiausiuose Lietuvos dirvožemiuose yra didžiausios galimybės sėkmingai išnaudoti javų potencialą ne tik maisto bei pašarų pramonei, bet ir atsinaujinančios energetikos šaltiniams sukurti. Žemės ūkio produktų, ypač javų, panaudojimas atsinaujinančiai energetikai gali atverti naujas žemės ūkio, perdirbimo pramonės bei eksporto galimybes.
Lietuvos Akademinė E... arrow_drop_down Lietuvos Akademinė Elektroninė BibliotekaArticleData sources: Lietuvos Akademinė Elektroninė Bibliotekahttps://vb.lituanistikadb.lt/L...Article . 2010Data sources: “Lituanistika”, International Research Databaseadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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more_vert Lietuvos Akademinė E... arrow_drop_down Lietuvos Akademinė Elektroninė BibliotekaArticleData sources: Lietuvos Akademinė Elektroninė Bibliotekahttps://vb.lituanistikadb.lt/L...Article . 2010Data sources: “Lituanistika”, International Research Databaseadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Master thesis LithuaniaPublisher:Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT) Authors: Andriuškevičienė, Irina;The IPCC notes that the twentieth century. the beginning of the planet's surface temperature has increased by 0,7 ° C in Europe - 1 º C.. In the twenty-first century. It may be increased by 1,5 to 5,5 °. The greatest negative impact on compressor. for half saw blade makes the high (+ 27 - + 31 0C) temperatures and increased rainfall. The greatest impact can withstand destruction had frost and precipitation (rain, hail). Significant damage to the pine lappet population abundance had extreme natural-active vegetation period of frost. In the population significantly reduced the use of sanitary protection. Nun Moth in the population affected in 1982 local drought. And in 1996 population decline may be associated with a large forest fire, ice, beginning of the year (-33 0C), and autumn frosts in mid-September (-6 0C.). Tarpvyriausybinė klimato kaitos komisija pažymi, kad nuo XX a. pradžios planetos oro temperatūra pakilo 0,7oC, Europoje – 1oC. Per XXI a. ji gali padidėti dar 1,5–5,5oC. Didžiausią neigiamą poveikį papr. pušiniam pjūkleliui daro aukšta ( + 27 - + 31 0C) oro temperatūra ir padidėjęs kritulių kiekis. Didžiausią poveikį pušinio pelėdgalvio sunykimui turėjo šalnos bei krituliai (liūtis, kruša). Didelę žalą pušinio verpiko populiacijos gausumui turėjo stichinė-ekstremali aktyvios augalų vegetacijos laikotarpio šalna. Verpiko vienuolio populiacijos gausumui turėjo įtakos 1982 m. vietinė stichinė sausra. O 1996 m. populiacijos mažėjimą galima sieti su dideliu miško gaisringumu, metų pradžioje užfiksuotu speigu (-33 0C), bei rudens šalnomis rugsėjo viduryje (-6 0C).
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=od______1338::6ccdf4e85d997405314c29db05a66160&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2010 LithuaniaPublisher:Lithuanian Academic e-Library (eLABa) Authors: Vaišnoras, Tomas;A scenario is a policy analysis tool that describes a possible set of future conditions. Their main function and usefulness is to assist in decision-making by offering the possibility to identify problems, threats and opportunities. In terms of innovative methods for policy analysis, the foresight and scenario building methods can be an interesting reference for social and political sciences. By examining an internally consistent and rational chain of events and trends that may follow from present actions, they allow a better assessment of alternative policies. This approach is particularly suitable for analysis of energy trends. As an illustration, in the second part of the article, scenario building method will be used in order to create energy security scenarios for Lithuania, Latvia and Poland. Scenarijų konstravimo metodas vis plačiau taikomas politikos moksluose. Suvokdami prognozavimą kaip vieną iš neatsiejamų strateginio planavimo dalių, politinių procesų tyrėjai stengiasi atrasti galimus įvykių raidos variantus ir nuspėti, kokie veiksniai galėtų labiausiai įtakoti vietinio ar kitokio scenarijaus išsipildymą. Šiame straipsnyje bus išsamiau pristatomas scenarijų konstravimo metodas, pateikiami apibrėžimai, pagrindiniai konstravimo principai bei sąlygos. Antroje straipsnio dalyje, pasinaudojant minėtu metodu, bus konstruojami galimi Lietuvos, Latvijos ir Lenkijos energetinio saugumo scenarijai.
Lietuvos Akademinė E... arrow_drop_down Lietuvos Akademinė Elektroninė BibliotekaArticleData sources: Lietuvos Akademinė Elektroninė BibliotekaPolitikos mokslų almanachasArticle . 2010Data sources: “Lituanistika”, International Research Databaseadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
more_vert Lietuvos Akademinė E... arrow_drop_down Lietuvos Akademinė Elektroninė BibliotekaArticleData sources: Lietuvos Akademinė Elektroninė BibliotekaPolitikos mokslų almanachasArticle . 2010Data sources: “Lituanistika”, International Research Databaseadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Master thesis LithuaniaPublisher:Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT) Authors: Petkūnas, Antanas;Climate change challenges are relevant and universally accepted. Climate change requires not only accommodation of people and nature, but also it requires the adaptation of policy. During the development of CAP reforms this policy became more oriented towards needs of consumer and environment than addressing promotion of food production. The question is what kind of impact makes climate change to the development of the Common Agricultural Policy of the EU and what role climate change plays not only the current period of the CAP, but in the nearest future of this policy as well. The purpose of this work is to evaluate the role of climate change in the Common Agricultural Policy of the EU. The scientific literature of foreign and Lithuanian authors helped to indicate and set the tasks for this work and to support the validity of the chosen subject. Lithuania and the EU legislation and analysis of other documents allowed to identify the instruments for the fight against risks of climate change and evaluate the conditions for rise of these instruments in the CAP, as well as assessing the risks of climate change in the legal framework. This literature review and expert opinion of Lithuania has confirmed the hypothesis that climate change plays an increasingly important role in the Common Agricultural Policy of the EU. The CAP may be applied to a certain extent in the fight against climate change and adapting to it, but the implementation of the measures related to this... [to full text] Klimato kaitos keliami iššūkiai yra aktualūs ir visuotinai pripažinti. Klimato kaita verčia prisitaikyti netik gyventojus, gamtą, bet verčia atitinkamai pritaikyti ir vykdoma politiką. BŽŪP reformų eigoje iš maisto gamybai skatinti skirtos politikos tapo į vartotojų poreikius bei aplinkosaugą orientuota politika. Kyla klausimas, kokią įtaką klimato kaita daro ES Bendrosios žemės ūkio politikos formavimui ir koks klimato kaitas vaidmuo yra netik dabartinėje BŽŪP, bet ir artimiausioje šios politikos perspektyvoje. Šio magistro baigiamojo darbo tikslas yra įvertinti klimato kaitos vaidmenį ES Bendrojoje žemės ūkio politikoje. Darbe nagrinėjama užsienio ir Lietuvos mokslinė literatūra padėjo suformuoti darbo uždavinius ir įsitikinti darbo temos pasirinkimo pagrįstumu. LR ir ES teisės aktų bei kitų dokumentų analizė leido identifikuoti kovos su klimato kaitos rizikomis instrumentus ir sąlygas jiems atsirasti BŽŪP, o taip pat įvertinti klimato kaitos rizikų teisinį reglamentavimą. Ši literatūros analizė bei Lietuvos ekspertų nuomonės leido patvirtinti iškeltą hipotezę, kad klimato kaita ES Bendrojoje žemės ūkio politikoje vaidina vis didesnį vaidmenį. BŽŪP gali būt tam tikras pagrindas tiek kovojant su klimato kaita, tiek prisitaikant prie jos, tačiau su šiuo ateities iššūkiu susijusių priemonių įgyvendinimas turi būti betarpiškai koordinuojamas su kitomis ES vykdomomis politikos sritimis.
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You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Bachelor thesis LithuaniaPublisher:Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT) Authors: Norkutė, Laura;The bachelor thesis includes the summary, the introduction, four sections, the conclusion, the literature list and appendices. The thesis consists of 42 pages. The first section outlines the theoretical material about the structure of the sun and its energy potential. The second section analyses and describes the structure of PV, properties, parameters, and the efficiency of PVM energy conversion. The thesis includes the experimental analyses of foreign authors on the efficiency of PVMs depending on the temperature of the modules. The third section is the empirical part, which presents the results of the laboratory experiment with PVMs. The analysis includes the variability of parameters of PVMs (short circuit current, open circuit voltage, power). The fourth section describer the prospects of photovoltaic electricity and its development potential. Bakalaurinį darbą sudaro: anotacija, įvadas, 4 skyriai, išvados, literatūros sąrašas ir priedai. Darbo apimtis – 42 puslapiai. Bakalaurinio darbo pirmajame skyriuje yra pateikta teorinė medžiaga apie Saulės sandarą bei jos energetinį potencialą. Antrajame skyriuje analizuota ir aprašyta FE sandara, charakteristikos, parametrai, FVM energijos konversijos efektyvumas. Aptarta užsienio autorių aprašyti eksperimentiniai tyrimai su FVM tiriant energetinio efektyvumo priklausomybę nuo modulių temperatūros. Trečias skyrius - praktinė dalis, kurioje aprašyti laboratorijoje atlikti eksperimentinių tyrimų su FVM rezultatai. Analizuota, kaip kinta FVM parametrai (trumpo jungimo srovė, atviros grandinės įtampa, galia). Ketvirtajame skyriuje aprašytos fotoelektros vystymosi tendencijos ir plėtros perspektyvos.
Lietuvos Akademinė E... arrow_drop_down Lietuvos Akademinė Elektroninė BibliotekaBachelor thesisData sources: Lietuvos Akademinė Elektroninė Bibliotekaadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen more_vert Lietuvos Akademinė E... arrow_drop_down Lietuvos Akademinė Elektroninė BibliotekaBachelor thesisData sources: Lietuvos Akademinė Elektroninė Bibliotekaadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Master thesis LithuaniaPublisher:Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT) Authors: Televičiūtė, Marytė;During the work was made an overview of the main parameters of wind energy. Attention is drawn to the wind direction and its influence on the amount of electricity generated. A brief overview was made of the wind resource assessment techniques. For this purpose, use of mathematical models and wind parameters collection of data in the target area. Assessed household needs certain time of day during the year. During acquainted with the current situation and wind energy development opportunities in Lithuania. Provided opportunities for development. Made an overview of wind power research methodology and main settings. Selected wind power calculation program conducted six different power plants calculations. According to the environment, and turbine parameters were calculated for wind turbines produced electricity. Wind power plant to generate energy comparable to household needs and provided, when the load is met. Generating electricity is calculated on a monthly basis throughout the year. Taking advantage of the program was carried out and the payback of electricity produced optimal price forecast. The paper studies showed that only half of the selected wind turbine pays off. Capacity factors are presented that shows how much percentage of time during the year will work the wind turbine. Darbo metu apžvelgti vėjo energijos pagrindiniai parametrai. Atkreiptas dėmesys į vėjo kryptį ir jo įtaką generuojamos elektros energijos kiekiui. Trumpai apžvelgti vėjo išteklių įvertinimo būdai. Šiam tikslui naudojami matematiniai modeliai arba vėjo parametrų duomenų rinkimas pasirinktoje vietovėje. Įvertinami namų ūkio poreikiai tam tikru paros metu ir per metus. Darbo metu susipažinta su dabartine vėjo energetikos padėtimi ir plėtros galimybėmis Lietuvoje. Pateikiamos plėtros galimybės. Apžvelgta vėjo jėgainių tyrimo metodika ir pagrindiniai parametrai. Pasirinkus vėjo jėgainių skaičiavimo programą, atlikta šešių įvairios galios jėgainių skaičiavimai. Pagal aplinkos ir pasirinktos turbinos parametrus buvo apskaičiuotas vėjo turbinų pagamintas elektros energijos kiekis. Vėjo jėgainėje generuojamas energijos kiekis palyginamas su namų ūkio poreikiais ir pateikiama, kada apkrova yra tenkinama. Generuojamos elektros energijos dydis apskaičiuotas kas mėnesį visus metus. Pasinaudojant programa, buvo atlikta atsiperkamumo ir pagamintos elektros energijos optimalios kainos prognozė. Darbe atliktais tyrimais parodyta, kad tik pusė pasirinktų vėjo jėgainių atsiperka. Pateikiami naudingumo faktoriai, kurie parodo kiek laiko per metus procentais dirbs tokia vėjo jėgainė.
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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