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Project: GCOS Earth Heat Inventory - A study under the Global Climate Observing System (GCOS) concerted international effort to update the Earth heat inventory (EHI), and presents an updated international assessment of ocean warming estimates, and new and updated estimates of heat gain in the atmosphere, cryosphere and land over the period from 1960 to present. Summary: The file “GCOS_EHI_1960-2020_Inland_Water_Heat_Content_data.nc” presents an updated estimate of the global heat storage within natural lakes and artificial reservoirs for the period 1960-2020. Several improvements have been implemented in comparison with Vanderkelen et al. (2020): new approach to estimate lake volume, new lake models considered, and an extension of the analysis period. The data are used in von Schuckmann et al. (2022).

In this work, we conducted a study that is to bleach wastewater model solutions loaded with dyes of indigo and sulfur black, while using and optimizing the process of hybridized treatment of textile effluents by torque of coagulation-ultrafiltration (CO-UF). According to the separate optimization of coagulation processes (optimum dose of the coagulant (lime) and ultrafiltration membrane (hydrodynamic characterization of the membrane based on polysulfone (PSU)), we combined the two methods in order to increase performance fading exploited colored waters. The results of the rate of discoloration separated by the methods of coagulation and ultrafiltration are respectively of the order of 33.55% and 80.36% for the water loaded with indigo and of the order of 25.33% and 60.78% for those charged with the black sulfur. While the results of the bleaching obtained by the hybrid method CO-UF have shown that the bleaching rate was calculated as around 98% for the indigo and of the order of 92% for the black sulfur, obviously very interesting with respect to the coagulation and ultrafiltration used separately. Moroccan Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 4, No 1 (2016)

The use of Urea–Ammonia Mixture (UAM), 32% contributes to an in–crease in the productivity of agricultural land, with a decrease in the cost per unit of production of fodder and other crops. The composition and ratio of components, UAM, 32% contains three forms of nitrogen–ammonia (25%), amide (50%) and nitrate (25%), due to which the fertilizer acts for a long time, and vegetative alfalfa plants are provided with nitrogen throughout the growing season of the crop. The cost of nitrogen in UAM, 32% is the lowest, since its losses when using UAM, 32% on alfalfa do not exceed 10% of the total content. When applying UAM, 32%, the stability of organic diversity, characterized by a positive evolutionary process and adaptability of a complex of organisms associated with external factors of the environment without violations of the ratios of dominant species of organisms, was established. UAM, 32% does not affect levels of global biodiversity, with abiotic levels of agrocenoses, which provide optimal indicators of the circulation of substances, energy and information, as well as mechanisms for preserving the ecological niche and conditions for the existence of a diversity of biota.

This repository contains the following folders: input_data.zip: scripts used to process the raw input data of the study and generate the files input to the scrips in the folder "calculations". Scripts should be run following the numerical order of the names. The subfolder "input_raster" contains the following raster files with spatially-explicit resolution at global scale: current_syn_nitrogen-2020-reproj.tif: 2020 Nitrogen demand; area-2020-reproj.tif: area of each pixel in the raster; GHI-resampled-reproj.tif: solar global horizontal irradiation; PVOUT-resampled-reproj.tif: solar global capacity factor. calculations.zip: scripts to reproduce the results of the paper. Scripts should be run following the numerical order of the names. The subfolder "input" contains the file "parameters_cost.xlsx" which collects the parametrs used for the quantification of the local cost of ammonia production. In the same folder, the file "ammonia_prices.xlsx" contains the list of reference prices from the historical ammonia market price distribution considered for the comparison of distributed vs centralized ammonia production. plot.zip: scripts to reproduce the figures presented in the paper. Scripts should be run following the numerical order of the script name.

A combination of simultaneous thermal analysis, evolved gas analysis and non-ambient XRD techniques was used to characterise and investigate the thermal decomposition behaviour in the NH3 − UO3 − H2O class of materials. One compound was prepared according to a typical ammonium diuranate precipitation reaction, and could be identified as 3UO3·NH3·5H2O. Microspheres prepared by the sol-gel method via internal gelation were associated to the composition 3UO3·2NH3·4H2O under the specified conditions. The products were analysed using the techniques listed below, the resulting data are part of this dataset. TGA, combined with EGA-MS (Tmax = 1300 °C, heating rate = 2 °C/min) TG-DSC, combined with EGA-MS (Tmax = 1300 °C, heating rate = 10 °C/min) ambient XRD (dried products after synthesis) in-situ high temperature XRD (including initial and final scans, taken at 35 °C) Tmax for 3UO3·NH3·5H2O = 1300 °C; Tmax for 3UO3·2NH3·4H2O = 650 °C Samples measured directly on a Pt/Rh heating strip (Pt/Rh phase visible in patterns, blank scan included) Financial support for this research was provided by the European Commission (project: GENIORS - GEN IV Integrated Oxide fuels Recycling Strategies (755171)) and the Belgian FPS Economy (project: ASOF - Advanced Separation for Optimal management of spent Fuel).

The aim of this work is to carry out an evaluation of the quality of agricultural soils and water in the irrigated area of the M’nsara region in the Gharb plain (Northwest Morocco) with the goal of describing the degree of degradation of natural resources and improve the sustainability of the environment and irrigated farming systems of the region through optimal management of these resources. Eighteen water and nineteen soil samples were collected based on existing soil and piezometric maps of the irrigated areas, distributed into 3 different zones: A, B, and C. Characterizations of the main parameters of soil and irrigation water quality were made. Irrigation water salinity varies between 0.5 and 1.3 dS/m. The irrigated soils from the groundwater have shown a secondary salinization superior to that of irrigated soils by the waters of the dam. Cultivated soils present a salinity that reaches 1.90 dS/m in some areas. The results show that 68.4% of the soil samples are poor to moderately poor in organic matter. The sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) shows a minimal risk to accumulate sodium in the soil with 16.7% is slightly alkaline. The soils are weakly to moderately basic and represent respectively 73.7 and 10.5 % of the study area. Potassium and available phosphorus have very low values in the majority of soils which will have a negative impact on the environment. The spatialization of these parameters was performed by the determinsitc method of inverse distance weighted (IDW). In order to delineate areas that are a priori subject to environmental degradation in order to understand the effect of agricultural intensification on the sustainability of natural resources, taking into account the type of management water irrigation in the arid region. Moroccan Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 7, No 3 (2019)

A Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) is a technology which enables the production of electrical current and power by bacteria from the breakdown of organic matter. This system can be applied in waterlogged soils and sediments but here organic carbon supply is limited. Adding a plant to the soil or sediment enables a continuous supply of organic matter in the soil due the photosynthesis and rhizodeposition processes of the plant. In this work, different components and designs of the plant-MFC were investigated in order to optimize electrical power output, find new niches for application or new products other than electrical power. In a first instance the optimal distribution of anode material in the soil was determined. These results were used for the second project which was aimed at studying the influence of a plant-MFC on greenhouse gas emissions from waterlogged environments. A third line of work entailed the concentration of soluble organic material from wastewater by means of a constructed wetland. The effluent of the wetland was used in a MFC to produce an electrical current. The electrical current was not used as electrical power, instead hydrogen peroxide was produced in the cathode for disinfection of the wetland effluent. A fourth line focused entirely on the cathode, where process operation and electrode design was studied for CO2 fixation to acetate by means of a pure culture of Acetobacterium woodii.

The first phase of the ReedBASE project commenced in September 2016 and ended in March 2018. It assessed the use of reed biomass as a source of sustainable energy and raw material for other products in parts of the floodplains of the Prut, Danube and Dniester Rivers in Ukraine and Moldova. It was estimated that the project study areas alone could sustainably generate some 100,000 tons of reed biomass per year. In energy terms, this is equivalent to almost 50,000 tons of coal or 39.5 million cubic metres of gas. Using reed biomass would not only provide a substantial amount of energy, but also avoid emitting some 79,000 tons of CO2 from burning fossil fuels. Moreover, conservative estimates indicate that the organic soils in the project area contain around 850,000 tons of carbon, and this amount will increase as the organic matter accumulates over time. ReedBASE also established a cluster of interested organisations in order to enhance their collaboration.

The increasing demand for sustainable food and non-food biomass production is challenging farmers all over the world, particularly in those areas where are short in water supply. Besides, the constant spreading of desertification in the Mediterranean region makes cropping even more difficult. In fact, the main problem related to desertification is the reduction of rainy events in a given region, although the annual rainfall remains constant. Hence, surface water reservoirs are accessible only for a limited period of the year forcing farmers to rely on belowground water, which is expensive and, sometimes, impossible to carry out. In the framework of MediOpuntia Project, a possible strategy to harvest rain water in arid and semiarid regions of the world, is represented by the installation of subsurface water retention Technology (SWRT) made of impermeable U-shaped barriers laid 80-100 cm belowground with aim to prevent water loss due to percolation. In addition, also soil nutrients loss is prevented as they will be collected by the membranes and kept available to roots after major rainy events. So far, the market still lacks the availability of machineries capable to lay impermeable membranes belowground in a single pass, and the present Project aims to fill this gap. The present study aims to develop and test a machinery capable to lay an impermeable membrane at 80-100 cm belowground to catch rainwater in arid and semi-arid areas. MedioPuntia Project