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description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Journal 2011 United Kingdom, United StatesPublisher:Springer Science and Business Media LLC A. Park Williams; A. Park Williams; Chris Funk; Chris Funk; Marcin Koprowski; Iain Robertson; Neil J. Loader; Joel Michaelsen; Tommy H. G. Wils; Zewdu Eshetu; Sara A. Rauscher;We utilize a variety of climate datasets to examine impacts of two mechanisms on precipitation in the Greater Horn of Africa (GHA) during northern-hemisphere summer. First, surface-pressure gradients draw moist air toward the GHA from the tropical Atlantic Ocean and Congo Basin. Variability of the strength of these gradients strongly influences GHA precipitation totals and accounts for important phenomena such as the 1960s–1980s rainfall decline and devastating 1984 drought. Following the 1980s, precipitation variability became increasingly influenced by the southern tropical Indian Ocean (STIO) region. Within this region, increases in sea-surface temperature, evaporation, and precipitation are linked with increased exports of dry mid-tropospheric air from the STIO region toward the GHA. Convergence of dry air above the GHA reduces local convection and precipitation. It also produces a clockwise circulation response near the ground that reduces moisture transports from the Congo Basin. Because precipitation originating in the Congo Basin has a unique isotopic signature, records of moisture transports from the Congo Basin may be preserved in the isotopic composition of annual tree rings in the Ethiopian Highlands. A negative trend in tree-ring oxygen-18 during the past half century suggests a decline in the proportion of precipitation originating from the Congo Basin. This trend may not be part of a natural cycle that will soon rebound because climate models characterize Indian Ocean warming as a principal signature of greenhouse-gas induced climate change. We therefore expect surface warming in the STIO region to continue to negatively impact GHA precipitation during northern-hemisphere summer.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen hybrid 138 citations 138 popularity Top 1% influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Journal 2020Publisher:Elsevier BV Authors: Franco Magurno; Damian Chmura; Zofia Piotrowska-Seget; Monika Malicka;pmid: 32058165
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are ubiquitous, obligatory plant symbionts that have a beneficial influence on plants in contaminated environments. This study focused on evaluating the biomass and biodiversity of the AMF and microbial communities associated with Poa trivialis and Phragmites australis plants sampled at an aged site contaminated with phenol and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and an uncontaminated control site. We analyzed the soil phospholipid fatty acid profile to describe the general structure of microbial communities. PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis with primers targeting the 18S ribosomal RNA gene was used to characterize the biodiversity of the AMF communities and identify dominant AMF species associated with the host plants in the polluted and control environments. The root mycorrhizal colonization and AMF biomass in the soil were negatively affected by the presence of PAHs and phenol, with no significant differences between the studied plant species, whereas the biodiversity of the AMF communities were influenced by the soil contamination and plant species. Soil contamination was more detrimental to the biodiversity of AMF communities associated with Ph. australis, compared to P. trivialis. Both species favored the development of different AMF species, which might be related to the specific features of their different root systems and soil microbial communities. The contaminated site was dominated by AMF generalists like Funneliformis and Rhizophagus, whereas in the control site Dominikia, Archaeospora, Claroideoglomus, Glomus, and Diversispora were also detected.
Ecotoxicology and En... arrow_drop_down Ecotoxicology and Environmental SafetyArticle . 2020 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Elsevier TDMData sources: CrossrefAll Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110299&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesgold 11 citations 11 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
more_vert Ecotoxicology and En... arrow_drop_down Ecotoxicology and Environmental SafetyArticle . 2020 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Elsevier TDMData sources: CrossrefAll Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110299&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2023Publisher:MDPI AG Authors: Tomasz Bajwoluk; Piotr Langer;doi: 10.3390/su15065153
The idea of building pocket parks in cities is one of the more rational proposals for utilizing cameral spaces to create new quality in terms of green areas while accounting for the potential to blend them into the compact functiospatial structure of the contemporary city. Numerous examples of pocket park projects from around the world point to there being considerable interest in this form of greenery. The goal of this paper is to present the findings of a study of a selected number of pocket parks in Krakow, Poland, in terms of their accessibility, local determinants, and the nearby functiospatial structure, as well as whether they can be included into a wider network of service and green spaces of supralocal significance. The research method included novel field research of selected pocket parks and their surroundings. The form and function of the parks were analyzed and the type of their surrounding urban structure was determined, along with the parks’ accessibility. The study investigated nine parks located in the northeastern part of Krakow in a dense development structure dominated by multi-family housing. Analyses of the parks themselves and the research on the relations and linkages between parks and their surrounding urban structure generally pointed to the accuracy of the concept of the pocket park, its universality, and its compliance with the concept of the sustainable development of urban space. The presence and manner of development of pocket parks can be said to enhance the quality of spaces in confined fragments of an urban structure and to have predominantly local significance.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesgold 5 citations 5 popularity Average influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type , Journal 2020Publisher:Informa UK Limited J. M. Carricondo; J. V. Oliver-Villanueva; J. V. Turégano; J. A. González; J. Mengual;Continuous phosphorus discharges in bodies of water, generated by human activities, such as agriculture, domestic effluences or wastewater from industrial processes, produce contaminated water and eutrophication. For this reason, efficient and low-cost systems that can remove phosphorus from contaminated water are necessary. In addition, it is important to generate renewable energy such as the energy produced in biomass power plants, taking advantage of the available biomass waste in each place. When producing this renewable energy, the resulting ash is a residue that can be used for phosphorus removal by adsorption processes. Moreover, according to the concept of the circular economy, the ash waste generated in this bio energy process should be reduced as much as possible. One of the advantages of this research being that surplus phosphorus-laden ash can be reused as fertilizer in agricultural fields. Considering this, the efficiency of reed ash (RA) (Phragmites australis) has been analysed in batch experiments, as well as the effect of several parameters on the removal of phosphate, such as contact time, phosphate-ash ratio, ash dose and temperature. Significant results obtained show that RA can be used to improve water quality.
Environmental Techno... arrow_drop_down Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTAArticle . 2021License: CC BY NC NDData sources: Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTAAll Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1080/09593330.2020.1720311&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen hybrid 5 citations 5 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
visibility 140visibility views 140 download downloads 224 Powered bymore_vert Environmental Techno... arrow_drop_down Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTAArticle . 2021License: CC BY NC NDData sources: Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTAAll Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1080/09593330.2020.1720311&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euResearch data keyboard_double_arrow_right Dataset 2022Embargo end date: 12 Oct 2022Publisher:Dryad Taylor, Jan R. E.; Muturi, Marion; Lazaro, Javier; Zub, Karol; Dechmann, Dina K. N.;Skull measurements Sorex araneus were collected between 1953 and 2004 in Białowieża National Park, preserved in alcohol and stored in the zoological collection of the Mammal Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, in Białowieża. The skull height, length and width (mm) of 502 S. araneus were measured using X-ray images of the alcohol-preserved specimens, as described by Lázaro et al. (2017). Climate parameters in Białowieża between 1952 and 2004 Mean temperatures (degrees Celsius), rainfall (mm), and the number of days with snow cover are routine measurements from the meteorological station in Białowieża (52.7070 N, 23.8479 E). We computed the soil moisture deficit from monthly temperatures and precipitation using the Watbug program (Willmott 1977). Lazáro, J., Dechmann, D.K.N., LaPoint, S., Wikelski, M., & Hertel, M. (2017). Profound reversible seasonal changes of individual skull size in a mammal. Current Biology, 27, R1089-R1107. Willmott, C. J. (1977). WATBUG: a FORTRAN IV algorithm for calculating the climatic water budget. CW Thornthwaite Associates Laboratory of Climatology, Publications in Climatology, 30, 1-55. We assesed the impact of the changes in climate on the overall skull size (the proxy of the overall body size) and the seasonal changes of skull height (Dehnel’s phenomenon) in skulls of the common shrew, Sorex araneus, collected over 50 years in the Białowieża Forest, E Poland. Overall skull size decreased, along with increasing temperatures and decreasing soil moisture, which determined the availability of the shrews’ main food source, earthworms. The magnitude of Dehnel’s phenomenon increased over time, indicating an increasing selection pressure on animals in winter. Two files include the data on 1) the size of the skulls of Sorex araneus collected in the Białowieża Forest between 1953 and 2004; and 2) the meteorological data from Białowieża, from 1952 to 2004.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
visibility 1visibility views 1 download downloads 1 Powered bymore_vert All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.5061/dryad.xd2547dm7&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Journal 2016 United KingdomPublisher:Oxford University Press (OUP) Mônica M. C. Muelbert; M. de Bruyn; Claudio Campagna; L. J. Corrigan; A. R. Hoelzel; Marthán N Bester; L. F. Chauke; L. F. Chauke; Armanda D.S. Bastos; Anna Fabiani; Anna Fabiani; Clive R. McMahon;doi: 10.1111/jeb.12870
pmid: 27012933
AbstractUnderstanding observed patterns of connectivity requires an understanding of the evolutionary processes that determine genetic structure among populations, with the most common models being associated with isolation by distance, allopatry or vicariance. Pinnipeds are annual breeders with the capacity for extensive range overlap during seasonal migrations, establishing the potential for the evolution of isolation by distance. Here, we assess the pattern of differentiation among six breeding colonies of the southern elephant seal, Mirounga leonina, based on mtDNA and 15 neutral microsatellite DNA markers, and consider measures of their demography and connectivity. We show that all breeding colonies are genetically divergent and that connectivity in this highly mobile pinniped is not strongly associated with geographic distance, but more likely linked to Holocene climate change and demographic processes. Estimates of divergence times between populations were all after the last glacial maximum, and there was evidence for directional migration in a clockwise pattern (with the prevailing current) around the Antarctic. We discuss the mechanisms by which climate change may have contributed to the contemporary genetic structure of southern elephant seal populations and the broader implications.
Journal of Evolution... arrow_drop_down Journal of Evolutionary BiologyArticle . 2016 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Wiley Online Library User AgreementData sources: CrossrefDurham University: Durham Research OnlineArticle . 2016Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1111/jeb.12870&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen bronze 20 citations 20 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
more_vert Journal of Evolution... arrow_drop_down Journal of Evolutionary BiologyArticle . 2016 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Wiley Online Library User AgreementData sources: CrossrefDurham University: Durham Research OnlineArticle . 2016Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1111/jeb.12870&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2022Publisher:MDPI AG Authors: Anna Zawadzka; Alicja Słupska;doi: 10.3390/su14021044
Under-canopy natural regeneration of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stand is able to create stands with a complex structure, which are characterised by greater resistance to extreme phenomena related to climate change. The main aim of the work was to analyse the potential of pine undergrowth, its role in the stand, and its usefulness in further breeding plans to create stands of various structure, with greater stability and tolerance to stress factors, including greater resistance to climate change. The study was carried out in north-eastern Poland, in pine stands thinned by strong (hurricane level) wind in 2002. The study area covers 225.2 ha and is located in 29 stands. Naturally regenerated pine saplings with a minimum height of 0.5 m, characterised by a high density, growing under the upper cover of the stand, with varying degrees of thinning, were qualified for the study. On average 7.820 pine saplings were recorded in the area of one hectare. Over 65% of the examined saplings were determined to be of very good or good quality, prognostic for further development and the creation of the main stand in the future. The principle of increasing the structural diversity of stands is the method of increasing the adaptability of forests to environmental changes.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesgold 1 citations 1 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Journal 2021Embargo end date: 23 Feb 2021 Switzerland, United StatesPublisher:Springer Science and Business Media LLC Funded by:NSF | Collaborative Research: ..., NSF | Belmont Forum Collaborati...NSF| Collaborative Research: Combining NEON and remotely sensed habitats to determine climate impacts on community dynamics ,NSF| Belmont Forum Collaborative Research: Scenarios of Biodiversity and Ecosystem ServiceOrrin Myers; Georges Kunstler; Jalene M. LaMontagne; James A. Lutz; Istem Fer; Jordan Luongo; Renata Poulton-Kamakura; Janneke HilleRisLambers; Yassine Messaoud; Sam Pearse; Gregory S. Gilbert; Natalie L. Cleavitt; C. D. Reid; Inés Ibáñez; Michael A. Steele; Miranda D. Redmond; Susan L. Cohen; Jerry F. Franklin; Benoît Courbaud; Don C. Bragg; Ethan Ready; C. Lane Scher; Andreas P. Wion; William H. Schlesinger; Shubhi Sharma; Robert R. Parmenter; Amanda M. Schwantes; Scott M. Pearson; Thomas G. Whitham; Thomas T. Veblen; Christopher L. Kilner; Samantha Sutton; Chase L. Nuñez; Emily V. Moran; Nathan L. Stephenson; Adrian J. Das; Jennifer J. Swenson; Cathryn H. Greenberg; Roman Zlotin; James S. Clark; James S. Clark; Walter D. Koenig; Robert A. Andrus; Amy V. Whipple; Jill F. Johnstone; Eliot J. B. McIntire; Kyle C. Rodman; Timothy J. Fahey; Erin Shanahan; Jonathan Myers; Johannes M. H. Knops; Catherine A. Gehring; Diana Macias; Qinfeng Guo; Christopher M. Moore; Michael Dietze; Mélaine Aubry-Kientz; Dale G. Brockway; Michał Bogdziewicz; Kai Zhu; Yves Bergeron; Robert Daley; Margaret Swift; Kristin Legg;pmc: PMC7902660
AbstractIndirect climate effects on tree fecundity that come through variation in size and growth (climate-condition interactions) are not currently part of models used to predict future forests. Trends in species abundances predicted from meta-analyses and species distribution models will be misleading if they depend on the conditions of individuals. Here we find from a synthesis of tree species in North America that climate-condition interactions dominate responses through two pathways, i) effects of growth that depend on climate, and ii) effects of climate that depend on tree size. Because tree fecundity first increases and then declines with size, climate change that stimulates growth promotes a shift of small trees to more fecund sizes, but the opposite can be true for large sizes. Change the depresses growth also affects fecundity. We find a biogeographic divide, with these interactions reducing fecundity in the West and increasing it in the East. Continental-scale responses of these forests are thus driven largely by indirect effects, recommending management for climate change that considers multiple demographic rates.
Nature Communication... arrow_drop_down All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1038/s41467-020-20836-3&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 59 citations 59 popularity Top 1% influence Top 10% impulse Top 1% Powered by BIP!
more_vert Nature Communication... arrow_drop_down All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1038/s41467-020-20836-3&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2022Publisher:MDPI AG Authors: Jadwiga Wyszkowska; Edyta Boros-Lajszner; Jan Kucharski;doi: 10.3390/en15093445
The choice of optimal plant species for phytoremediation and organic fertilization plays an important role in stabilizing the functions of soils contaminated with heavy metals. The influence of nickel, cobalt and cadmium on the biomass yield and calorific value of Festuca rubra, heavy metal concentrations in soil and plants and the microbiological, biochemical and physicochemical proprieties of soil were analyzed in a pot experiment. The tolerance index (TI) describing Festuca rubra’s ability to tolerate heavy metals, as well as the translocation (TF), accumulation (AF) and bioaccumulation (BF) factors of heavy metals in Festuca rubra were calculated. The experiment was conducted in two series: In soil fertilized and not fertilized with compost. Nickel and cobalt significantly inhibited the growth and development of Festuca rubra. The experiment demonstrated that this plant species can be grown on soil contaminated with heavy metals. Festuca rubra contained on average 46.05% C, 34.59% O, 5.91% H, 3.49% N, 0.19% S and 9.76% ash. Festuca rubra has a stable calorific value which is not affected by heavy metals; therefore, biomass harvested from heavy metal-polluted soil can be used for energy generation. The calorific value of Festuca rubra ranged from 15.924 to 16.790 MJ kg−1 plant d.m., and the heat of combustion from 17.696 to 18.576 MJ kg−1. It has a stable calorific value which is not affected by heavy metals, therefore biomass harvested from heavy metal-polluted soil can be used for energy generation. Festuca rubra is particularly useful for the phytostabilization of soil contaminated with cadmium and cobalt. Compost minimizes the adverse effects of heavy metal pollution on the microbiological, biochemical and physicochemical properties of soil.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesgold 13 citations 13 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Journal 2021 FinlandPublisher:Elsevier BV Tarja Lehto; Tapani Repo; Olli-Pekka Tikkanen; Ana Mellado; Mai-He Li; Aino Hämäläinen; Ao Wang; Ao Wang; José A. Hódar; Jouni Kilpeläinen; Bogdan Jaroszewicz; Andreas Rigling; Andreas Rigling; Minna Luoto;Abstract The ability of plants to tolerate freezing limits their geographical distribution. Therefore, winter warming may shift a species’ occurrence northwards and/or to higher altitudes. In Europe, the hemiparasitic vascular plant Viscum album (mistletoe) has two common and widespread subspecies: V. a. ssp. album and V. a. ssp. austriacum. The former has a more northern geographic distribution than the latter. Therefore we hypothesised that seeds of V. a. ssp. album are more tolerant to freezing than those of V. a. ssp. austriacum. From these two mistletoe subspecies V. a. ssp. austriacum is, in some managed forest areas, considered a novel threat to tree growth and forest health. Berries of V. a. ssp. album were collected from Sweden, Poland and Switzerland and berries of V. a. ssp. austriacum were collected from Poland, Switzerland and Spain. After storage at −3 °C, seeds were extracted from the pulp of berries and exposed to eight different temperatures between −8 °C and −30 °C, with the storage temperature serving as the control. After freezing treatments, germination of seeds was monitored. In addition, differential thermal analysis was used to measure freeze tolerance of seeds. The seeds of V. a. ssp. album tolerated lower temperatures than seeds of V. a. ssp. austriacum. The temperature at which 50% of seeds lost their ability to germinate (LT50) was −15 °C in V. a. ssp. austriacum and between −15 °C and −19 °C in V. a. ssp. album. The results of differential thermal analysis to determine the freezing point of seeds supported these findings. The freezing tolerance of mistletoe seeds was relatively well coupled with the winter climate at the edge of their current geographic distribution. Based on our results, the warming of winters may eliminate the abiotic barrier that has thus far limited mistletoes’ expansion, opening a window of opportunity for these parasites to increase their abundance and shift their distribution range towards higher latitudes and altitudes. Although mistletoes play important ecological roles in forest ecosystems, their recent increase has raised concern among forest managers, because they may cause a substantial reduction in tree growth in single species dominated stands. Increasing tree species diversity might be an effective method for limiting future mass infestations in homogeneous managed forests.
UEF eRepository (Uni... arrow_drop_down UEF eRepository (University of Eastern Finland)Article . 2021License: CC BY NC NDData sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Forest Ecology and ManagementArticle . 2021 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Elsevier TDMData sources: CrossrefAll Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118806&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesbronze 11 citations 11 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
more_vert UEF eRepository (Uni... arrow_drop_down UEF eRepository (University of Eastern Finland)Article . 2021License: CC BY NC NDData sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Forest Ecology and ManagementArticle . 2021 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Elsevier TDMData sources: CrossrefAll Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118806&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
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description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Journal 2011 United Kingdom, United StatesPublisher:Springer Science and Business Media LLC A. Park Williams; A. Park Williams; Chris Funk; Chris Funk; Marcin Koprowski; Iain Robertson; Neil J. Loader; Joel Michaelsen; Tommy H. G. Wils; Zewdu Eshetu; Sara A. Rauscher;We utilize a variety of climate datasets to examine impacts of two mechanisms on precipitation in the Greater Horn of Africa (GHA) during northern-hemisphere summer. First, surface-pressure gradients draw moist air toward the GHA from the tropical Atlantic Ocean and Congo Basin. Variability of the strength of these gradients strongly influences GHA precipitation totals and accounts for important phenomena such as the 1960s–1980s rainfall decline and devastating 1984 drought. Following the 1980s, precipitation variability became increasingly influenced by the southern tropical Indian Ocean (STIO) region. Within this region, increases in sea-surface temperature, evaporation, and precipitation are linked with increased exports of dry mid-tropospheric air from the STIO region toward the GHA. Convergence of dry air above the GHA reduces local convection and precipitation. It also produces a clockwise circulation response near the ground that reduces moisture transports from the Congo Basin. Because precipitation originating in the Congo Basin has a unique isotopic signature, records of moisture transports from the Congo Basin may be preserved in the isotopic composition of annual tree rings in the Ethiopian Highlands. A negative trend in tree-ring oxygen-18 during the past half century suggests a decline in the proportion of precipitation originating from the Congo Basin. This trend may not be part of a natural cycle that will soon rebound because climate models characterize Indian Ocean warming as a principal signature of greenhouse-gas induced climate change. We therefore expect surface warming in the STIO region to continue to negatively impact GHA precipitation during northern-hemisphere summer.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen hybrid 138 citations 138 popularity Top 1% influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Journal 2020Publisher:Elsevier BV Authors: Franco Magurno; Damian Chmura; Zofia Piotrowska-Seget; Monika Malicka;pmid: 32058165
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are ubiquitous, obligatory plant symbionts that have a beneficial influence on plants in contaminated environments. This study focused on evaluating the biomass and biodiversity of the AMF and microbial communities associated with Poa trivialis and Phragmites australis plants sampled at an aged site contaminated with phenol and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and an uncontaminated control site. We analyzed the soil phospholipid fatty acid profile to describe the general structure of microbial communities. PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis with primers targeting the 18S ribosomal RNA gene was used to characterize the biodiversity of the AMF communities and identify dominant AMF species associated with the host plants in the polluted and control environments. The root mycorrhizal colonization and AMF biomass in the soil were negatively affected by the presence of PAHs and phenol, with no significant differences between the studied plant species, whereas the biodiversity of the AMF communities were influenced by the soil contamination and plant species. Soil contamination was more detrimental to the biodiversity of AMF communities associated with Ph. australis, compared to P. trivialis. Both species favored the development of different AMF species, which might be related to the specific features of their different root systems and soil microbial communities. The contaminated site was dominated by AMF generalists like Funneliformis and Rhizophagus, whereas in the control site Dominikia, Archaeospora, Claroideoglomus, Glomus, and Diversispora were also detected.
Ecotoxicology and En... arrow_drop_down Ecotoxicology and Environmental SafetyArticle . 2020 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Elsevier TDMData sources: CrossrefAll Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110299&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesgold 11 citations 11 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
more_vert Ecotoxicology and En... arrow_drop_down Ecotoxicology and Environmental SafetyArticle . 2020 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Elsevier TDMData sources: CrossrefAll Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110299&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2023Publisher:MDPI AG Authors: Tomasz Bajwoluk; Piotr Langer;doi: 10.3390/su15065153
The idea of building pocket parks in cities is one of the more rational proposals for utilizing cameral spaces to create new quality in terms of green areas while accounting for the potential to blend them into the compact functiospatial structure of the contemporary city. Numerous examples of pocket park projects from around the world point to there being considerable interest in this form of greenery. The goal of this paper is to present the findings of a study of a selected number of pocket parks in Krakow, Poland, in terms of their accessibility, local determinants, and the nearby functiospatial structure, as well as whether they can be included into a wider network of service and green spaces of supralocal significance. The research method included novel field research of selected pocket parks and their surroundings. The form and function of the parks were analyzed and the type of their surrounding urban structure was determined, along with the parks’ accessibility. The study investigated nine parks located in the northeastern part of Krakow in a dense development structure dominated by multi-family housing. Analyses of the parks themselves and the research on the relations and linkages between parks and their surrounding urban structure generally pointed to the accuracy of the concept of the pocket park, its universality, and its compliance with the concept of the sustainable development of urban space. The presence and manner of development of pocket parks can be said to enhance the quality of spaces in confined fragments of an urban structure and to have predominantly local significance.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesgold 5 citations 5 popularity Average influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type , Journal 2020Publisher:Informa UK Limited J. M. Carricondo; J. V. Oliver-Villanueva; J. V. Turégano; J. A. González; J. Mengual;Continuous phosphorus discharges in bodies of water, generated by human activities, such as agriculture, domestic effluences or wastewater from industrial processes, produce contaminated water and eutrophication. For this reason, efficient and low-cost systems that can remove phosphorus from contaminated water are necessary. In addition, it is important to generate renewable energy such as the energy produced in biomass power plants, taking advantage of the available biomass waste in each place. When producing this renewable energy, the resulting ash is a residue that can be used for phosphorus removal by adsorption processes. Moreover, according to the concept of the circular economy, the ash waste generated in this bio energy process should be reduced as much as possible. One of the advantages of this research being that surplus phosphorus-laden ash can be reused as fertilizer in agricultural fields. Considering this, the efficiency of reed ash (RA) (Phragmites australis) has been analysed in batch experiments, as well as the effect of several parameters on the removal of phosphate, such as contact time, phosphate-ash ratio, ash dose and temperature. Significant results obtained show that RA can be used to improve water quality.
Environmental Techno... arrow_drop_down Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTAArticle . 2021License: CC BY NC NDData sources: Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTAAll Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1080/09593330.2020.1720311&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen hybrid 5 citations 5 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
visibility 140visibility views 140 download downloads 224 Powered bymore_vert Environmental Techno... arrow_drop_down Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTAArticle . 2021License: CC BY NC NDData sources: Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTAAll Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1080/09593330.2020.1720311&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euResearch data keyboard_double_arrow_right Dataset 2022Embargo end date: 12 Oct 2022Publisher:Dryad Taylor, Jan R. E.; Muturi, Marion; Lazaro, Javier; Zub, Karol; Dechmann, Dina K. N.;Skull measurements Sorex araneus were collected between 1953 and 2004 in Białowieża National Park, preserved in alcohol and stored in the zoological collection of the Mammal Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, in Białowieża. The skull height, length and width (mm) of 502 S. araneus were measured using X-ray images of the alcohol-preserved specimens, as described by Lázaro et al. (2017). Climate parameters in Białowieża between 1952 and 2004 Mean temperatures (degrees Celsius), rainfall (mm), and the number of days with snow cover are routine measurements from the meteorological station in Białowieża (52.7070 N, 23.8479 E). We computed the soil moisture deficit from monthly temperatures and precipitation using the Watbug program (Willmott 1977). Lazáro, J., Dechmann, D.K.N., LaPoint, S., Wikelski, M., & Hertel, M. (2017). Profound reversible seasonal changes of individual skull size in a mammal. Current Biology, 27, R1089-R1107. Willmott, C. J. (1977). WATBUG: a FORTRAN IV algorithm for calculating the climatic water budget. CW Thornthwaite Associates Laboratory of Climatology, Publications in Climatology, 30, 1-55. We assesed the impact of the changes in climate on the overall skull size (the proxy of the overall body size) and the seasonal changes of skull height (Dehnel’s phenomenon) in skulls of the common shrew, Sorex araneus, collected over 50 years in the Białowieża Forest, E Poland. Overall skull size decreased, along with increasing temperatures and decreasing soil moisture, which determined the availability of the shrews’ main food source, earthworms. The magnitude of Dehnel’s phenomenon increased over time, indicating an increasing selection pressure on animals in winter. Two files include the data on 1) the size of the skulls of Sorex araneus collected in the Białowieża Forest between 1953 and 2004; and 2) the meteorological data from Białowieża, from 1952 to 2004.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Journal 2016 United KingdomPublisher:Oxford University Press (OUP) Mônica M. C. Muelbert; M. de Bruyn; Claudio Campagna; L. J. Corrigan; A. R. Hoelzel; Marthán N Bester; L. F. Chauke; L. F. Chauke; Armanda D.S. Bastos; Anna Fabiani; Anna Fabiani; Clive R. McMahon;doi: 10.1111/jeb.12870
pmid: 27012933
AbstractUnderstanding observed patterns of connectivity requires an understanding of the evolutionary processes that determine genetic structure among populations, with the most common models being associated with isolation by distance, allopatry or vicariance. Pinnipeds are annual breeders with the capacity for extensive range overlap during seasonal migrations, establishing the potential for the evolution of isolation by distance. Here, we assess the pattern of differentiation among six breeding colonies of the southern elephant seal, Mirounga leonina, based on mtDNA and 15 neutral microsatellite DNA markers, and consider measures of their demography and connectivity. We show that all breeding colonies are genetically divergent and that connectivity in this highly mobile pinniped is not strongly associated with geographic distance, but more likely linked to Holocene climate change and demographic processes. Estimates of divergence times between populations were all after the last glacial maximum, and there was evidence for directional migration in a clockwise pattern (with the prevailing current) around the Antarctic. We discuss the mechanisms by which climate change may have contributed to the contemporary genetic structure of southern elephant seal populations and the broader implications.
Journal of Evolution... arrow_drop_down Journal of Evolutionary BiologyArticle . 2016 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Wiley Online Library User AgreementData sources: CrossrefDurham University: Durham Research OnlineArticle . 2016Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1111/jeb.12870&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen bronze 20 citations 20 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
more_vert Journal of Evolution... arrow_drop_down Journal of Evolutionary BiologyArticle . 2016 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Wiley Online Library User AgreementData sources: CrossrefDurham University: Durham Research OnlineArticle . 2016Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1111/jeb.12870&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2022Publisher:MDPI AG Authors: Anna Zawadzka; Alicja Słupska;doi: 10.3390/su14021044
Under-canopy natural regeneration of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stand is able to create stands with a complex structure, which are characterised by greater resistance to extreme phenomena related to climate change. The main aim of the work was to analyse the potential of pine undergrowth, its role in the stand, and its usefulness in further breeding plans to create stands of various structure, with greater stability and tolerance to stress factors, including greater resistance to climate change. The study was carried out in north-eastern Poland, in pine stands thinned by strong (hurricane level) wind in 2002. The study area covers 225.2 ha and is located in 29 stands. Naturally regenerated pine saplings with a minimum height of 0.5 m, characterised by a high density, growing under the upper cover of the stand, with varying degrees of thinning, were qualified for the study. On average 7.820 pine saplings were recorded in the area of one hectare. Over 65% of the examined saplings were determined to be of very good or good quality, prognostic for further development and the creation of the main stand in the future. The principle of increasing the structural diversity of stands is the method of increasing the adaptability of forests to environmental changes.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesgold 1 citations 1 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Journal 2021Embargo end date: 23 Feb 2021 Switzerland, United StatesPublisher:Springer Science and Business Media LLC Funded by:NSF | Collaborative Research: ..., NSF | Belmont Forum Collaborati...NSF| Collaborative Research: Combining NEON and remotely sensed habitats to determine climate impacts on community dynamics ,NSF| Belmont Forum Collaborative Research: Scenarios of Biodiversity and Ecosystem ServiceOrrin Myers; Georges Kunstler; Jalene M. LaMontagne; James A. Lutz; Istem Fer; Jordan Luongo; Renata Poulton-Kamakura; Janneke HilleRisLambers; Yassine Messaoud; Sam Pearse; Gregory S. Gilbert; Natalie L. Cleavitt; C. D. Reid; Inés Ibáñez; Michael A. Steele; Miranda D. Redmond; Susan L. Cohen; Jerry F. Franklin; Benoît Courbaud; Don C. Bragg; Ethan Ready; C. Lane Scher; Andreas P. Wion; William H. Schlesinger; Shubhi Sharma; Robert R. Parmenter; Amanda M. Schwantes; Scott M. Pearson; Thomas G. Whitham; Thomas T. Veblen; Christopher L. Kilner; Samantha Sutton; Chase L. Nuñez; Emily V. Moran; Nathan L. Stephenson; Adrian J. Das; Jennifer J. Swenson; Cathryn H. Greenberg; Roman Zlotin; James S. Clark; James S. Clark; Walter D. Koenig; Robert A. Andrus; Amy V. Whipple; Jill F. Johnstone; Eliot J. B. McIntire; Kyle C. Rodman; Timothy J. Fahey; Erin Shanahan; Jonathan Myers; Johannes M. H. Knops; Catherine A. Gehring; Diana Macias; Qinfeng Guo; Christopher M. Moore; Michael Dietze; Mélaine Aubry-Kientz; Dale G. Brockway; Michał Bogdziewicz; Kai Zhu; Yves Bergeron; Robert Daley; Margaret Swift; Kristin Legg;pmc: PMC7902660
AbstractIndirect climate effects on tree fecundity that come through variation in size and growth (climate-condition interactions) are not currently part of models used to predict future forests. Trends in species abundances predicted from meta-analyses and species distribution models will be misleading if they depend on the conditions of individuals. Here we find from a synthesis of tree species in North America that climate-condition interactions dominate responses through two pathways, i) effects of growth that depend on climate, and ii) effects of climate that depend on tree size. Because tree fecundity first increases and then declines with size, climate change that stimulates growth promotes a shift of small trees to more fecund sizes, but the opposite can be true for large sizes. Change the depresses growth also affects fecundity. We find a biogeographic divide, with these interactions reducing fecundity in the West and increasing it in the East. Continental-scale responses of these forests are thus driven largely by indirect effects, recommending management for climate change that considers multiple demographic rates.
Nature Communication... arrow_drop_down All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1038/s41467-020-20836-3&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 59 citations 59 popularity Top 1% influence Top 10% impulse Top 1% Powered by BIP!
more_vert Nature Communication... arrow_drop_down All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1038/s41467-020-20836-3&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2022Publisher:MDPI AG Authors: Jadwiga Wyszkowska; Edyta Boros-Lajszner; Jan Kucharski;doi: 10.3390/en15093445
The choice of optimal plant species for phytoremediation and organic fertilization plays an important role in stabilizing the functions of soils contaminated with heavy metals. The influence of nickel, cobalt and cadmium on the biomass yield and calorific value of Festuca rubra, heavy metal concentrations in soil and plants and the microbiological, biochemical and physicochemical proprieties of soil were analyzed in a pot experiment. The tolerance index (TI) describing Festuca rubra’s ability to tolerate heavy metals, as well as the translocation (TF), accumulation (AF) and bioaccumulation (BF) factors of heavy metals in Festuca rubra were calculated. The experiment was conducted in two series: In soil fertilized and not fertilized with compost. Nickel and cobalt significantly inhibited the growth and development of Festuca rubra. The experiment demonstrated that this plant species can be grown on soil contaminated with heavy metals. Festuca rubra contained on average 46.05% C, 34.59% O, 5.91% H, 3.49% N, 0.19% S and 9.76% ash. Festuca rubra has a stable calorific value which is not affected by heavy metals; therefore, biomass harvested from heavy metal-polluted soil can be used for energy generation. The calorific value of Festuca rubra ranged from 15.924 to 16.790 MJ kg−1 plant d.m., and the heat of combustion from 17.696 to 18.576 MJ kg−1. It has a stable calorific value which is not affected by heavy metals, therefore biomass harvested from heavy metal-polluted soil can be used for energy generation. Festuca rubra is particularly useful for the phytostabilization of soil contaminated with cadmium and cobalt. Compost minimizes the adverse effects of heavy metal pollution on the microbiological, biochemical and physicochemical properties of soil.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesgold 13 citations 13 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Journal 2021 FinlandPublisher:Elsevier BV Tarja Lehto; Tapani Repo; Olli-Pekka Tikkanen; Ana Mellado; Mai-He Li; Aino Hämäläinen; Ao Wang; Ao Wang; José A. Hódar; Jouni Kilpeläinen; Bogdan Jaroszewicz; Andreas Rigling; Andreas Rigling; Minna Luoto;Abstract The ability of plants to tolerate freezing limits their geographical distribution. Therefore, winter warming may shift a species’ occurrence northwards and/or to higher altitudes. In Europe, the hemiparasitic vascular plant Viscum album (mistletoe) has two common and widespread subspecies: V. a. ssp. album and V. a. ssp. austriacum. The former has a more northern geographic distribution than the latter. Therefore we hypothesised that seeds of V. a. ssp. album are more tolerant to freezing than those of V. a. ssp. austriacum. From these two mistletoe subspecies V. a. ssp. austriacum is, in some managed forest areas, considered a novel threat to tree growth and forest health. Berries of V. a. ssp. album were collected from Sweden, Poland and Switzerland and berries of V. a. ssp. austriacum were collected from Poland, Switzerland and Spain. After storage at −3 °C, seeds were extracted from the pulp of berries and exposed to eight different temperatures between −8 °C and −30 °C, with the storage temperature serving as the control. After freezing treatments, germination of seeds was monitored. In addition, differential thermal analysis was used to measure freeze tolerance of seeds. The seeds of V. a. ssp. album tolerated lower temperatures than seeds of V. a. ssp. austriacum. The temperature at which 50% of seeds lost their ability to germinate (LT50) was −15 °C in V. a. ssp. austriacum and between −15 °C and −19 °C in V. a. ssp. album. The results of differential thermal analysis to determine the freezing point of seeds supported these findings. The freezing tolerance of mistletoe seeds was relatively well coupled with the winter climate at the edge of their current geographic distribution. Based on our results, the warming of winters may eliminate the abiotic barrier that has thus far limited mistletoes’ expansion, opening a window of opportunity for these parasites to increase their abundance and shift their distribution range towards higher latitudes and altitudes. Although mistletoes play important ecological roles in forest ecosystems, their recent increase has raised concern among forest managers, because they may cause a substantial reduction in tree growth in single species dominated stands. Increasing tree species diversity might be an effective method for limiting future mass infestations in homogeneous managed forests.
UEF eRepository (Uni... arrow_drop_down UEF eRepository (University of Eastern Finland)Article . 2021License: CC BY NC NDData sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Forest Ecology and ManagementArticle . 2021 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Elsevier TDMData sources: CrossrefAll Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118806&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesbronze 11 citations 11 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
more_vert UEF eRepository (Uni... arrow_drop_down UEF eRepository (University of Eastern Finland)Article . 2021License: CC BY NC NDData sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)Forest Ecology and ManagementArticle . 2021 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Elsevier TDMData sources: CrossrefAll Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118806&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
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