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In 2010 (a year of drought), the true winter breeding (TWB) of the pygmy wood mouse (S. uralensis) was first recorded in the Southern Urals and confirmed by the morphological parameters and age markers. The young born in winter fulfilled successfully their reproductive potential under favorable climatic conditions. The true winter breeding and the age cross of animals during the year of drought promoted the maximum population growth and enhanced population genetic heterogeneity. In subsequent years, TWB of S. uralensis became common, which is regarded as a climatic pattern. Extreme drought rearranged the rodent community and caused TWB of S. uralensis, which resulted in a higher abundance of the species.

A new method of measuring the wettability of coal powders based on determining the mass fraction of wetted powder particles at their interaction with water droplets during the process of gravitational sedimentation in a transparent cell has been proposed. Wettability parameter is calculated from the results of measuring the dependence of spectral transmittance of laser emission in the cell on time of powder sedimentation.

Nowadays, geothermal waters have become an important form of energy and many researchers have put to the forefront the issue of “sustainability” of the geothermal reservoir development. Reinjection of the used fluid during exploitation allows minimizing the possible negative effect on the environment and maintaining the reservoir pressure and therefore the initial high flow rates. However, it has a major disadvantage—a gradual temperature decrease in an aquifer, which needs to be taken into account. The most effective methods assessing this disadvantage are based on numerical modeling, which has been actively implemented in all areas of science. In the current paper, mathematical modeling is applied for the Khankala geothermal field in the Chechen Republic to forecast changes in the temperature regime of the resource and define the optimal exploitation scenario to achieve its sustainable development.

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 84, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20248400001

AbstractThe purpose of the present study was to develop integrated system of codes (ISC) for performing continuous self-consistent calculation of the whole life cycle of fission products (FP) in the nuclear power plant with nuclear reactor unit (RU) equipped with fast reactor (BN) starting from accumulation of FPs in the reactor core to their exit in the environment and migration outside the NPP site territory. SOKRAT-BN integrated code was used in the calculations in combination with KUPOL-BN and NOSTRADAMUS codes.Practical importance of the study is attributed to the development of the ISC for substantiation of BN RU safety. Simulation of hypothetical beyond design-basis accident at the NPP equipped with BN RU accompanied with escape of radioactive isotopes in the reactor premises was performed as the test task. Results of solution of the test problem confirm practical applicability of the developed ISC. Development of the methodology for simulation of migration and precipitation of radioactive impurities in the sodium coolant represents scientific novelty. Software module TRANS-FR designed for simulation of transport of radioactive fission products (RFP) and radioactive corrosion products (RCP) in the primary cooling circuit and in the gas system of the RU was developed and integrated in the SOKRAT-BN ISC taking into account the main physical processes taking place during transport and accumulation of RFP and RCP.Software interface modules for data exchange between the SOKRAT-BN, KUPOL-BN and NOSTRADAMUS codes were developed and tested.

The conservation of biodiversity and ecosystem sustainability is essential for human well-being. An important tool for addressing this issue is ecological indicators. This overview document examines recent studies covering the period 2018–2022 that use the values of the Landolt indicator as one of the analysis methods. The total number of records examined was 8910. After excluding irrelevant, inconsistent and duplicate records, 91 records were selected. The selection criteria were the presence of the English abstract and a digital object identifier (DOI). We chose the VOSviewer software for data analysis and visualization. The analysis of research geography, types of plant communities under research, research topics, the network of co-authorship and relationship papers, as well as the publication activity and citation rate of the authors, is carried out. The results revealed that the geography of using Landolt indicator values is quite wide, while they are more often used in Switzerland, Italy and Russia. The most important and frequently cited studies were carried out in the context of large international projects, confirming the importance of scientific cooperation in the development of environmental indicators. The Landolt indicator values showed effectiveness in the study of forests, bogs, riparian vegetation, a coarse quarry waste dump, and in assessing the urban environment. At the same time, the vegetation dynamics and influence of various factors on plants were studied most often. It was revealed that Landolt indicator values can serve as an effective universal method that integrates many aspects of the environment and allows for a comprehensive multicriteria analysis of environmental factors, habitat stability, vegetation diversity and dynamics for different plant communities at different spatial scales over a wide geographical area. This is confirmed by the high citation rate of the papers. We recommend the Landolt indicator values for a wider use, including in the monitoring of ecosystems and individual species for their conservation and sustainable management. In order to achieve this goal, it is necessary to extend the network of relationships between the authors, which is not very well developed at the moment. The research results obtained are useful for the further successful development not only of the Landolt indicator values but also of environmental indicators in general.

The current downturn of the arctic cryosphere, such as the strong loss of sea ice, melting of ice sheets and glaciers, and permafrost thaw, affects the marine and terrestrial carbon cycles in numerous interconnected ways. Nonetheless, processes in the ocean and on land have been too often considered in isolation while it has become increasingly clear that the two environments are strongly connected: Sea ice decline is one of the main causes of the rapid warming of the Arctic, and the flow of carbon from rivers into the Arctic Ocean affects marine processes and the air-sea exchange of CO2. This review, therefore, provides an overview of the current state of knowledge of the arctic terrestrial and marine carbon cycle, connections in between, and how this complex system is affected by climate change and a declining cryosphere. Ultimately, better knowledge of biogeochemical processes combined with improved model representations of ocean-land interactions are essential to accurately predict the development of arctic ecosystems and associated climate feedbacks.