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With the rising environmental problems there are international movements towards sustainability and greening the built environments in order to mitigate the negative environmental impacts of buildings and human activities on environment and human health. This paper presents a range of K-12 Green Schools that were intentionally designed to utilize school building as a 3D-text book for Environmental Education (EE). The aim of this paper is to examine the methods and strategies of designing green school as a teaching tool through case study analysis of the selected schools. The cases provide a diversity of geographic locations, climates, green strategies and coasts. The research depends on the descriptive analytical approach for literature review; multiple-case study analysis to investigate the attributes of green schools that teach. The results revealed a set of approaches for utilizing green schools as a 3D-textbook for EE EQA - International Journal of Environmental Quality, Vol 39 (2020)

Suggested citation: Pörtner, H.O., Scholes, R.J., Agard, J., Archer, E., Arneth, A., Bai, X., Barnes, D., Burrows, M., Chan, L., Cheung, W.L., Diamond, S., Donatti, C., Duarte, C., Eisenhauer, N., Foden, W., Gasalla, M. A., Handa, C., Hickler, T., Hoegh-Guldberg, O., Ichii, K., Jacob, U., Insarov, G., Kiessling, W., Leadley, P., Leemans, R., Levin, L., Lim, M., Maharaj, S., Managi, S., Marquet, P. A., McElwee, P., Midgley, G., Oberdorff, T., Obura, D., Osman, E., Pandit, R., Pascual, U., Pires, A. P. F., Popp, A., Reyes-García, V., Sankaran, M., Settele, J., Shin, Y. J., Sintayehu, D. W., Smith, P., Steiner, N., Strassburg, B., Sukumar, R., Trisos, C., Val, A.L., Wu, J., Aldrian, E., Parmesan, C., Pichs-Madruga, R., Roberts, D.C., Rogers, A.D., Díaz, S., Fischer, M., Hashimoto, S., Lavorel, S., Wu, N., Ngo, H.T. 2021. IPBES-IPCC co-sponsored workshop report on biodiversity and climate change; IPBES and IPCC, DOI:10.5281/zenodo.4782538 This report presents the main conclusions of the first-ever IPCC-IPBES co-sponsored workshop which took place in December 2020. The workshop explored diverse facets of the interaction between climate and biodiversity, from current trends to the role and implementation of nature-based solutions and the sustainable development of human society. This report is underpinned by the Scientific Outcome, which includes seven sections, the complete references and the report glossary. You can find the Scientific Outcome here https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4659158

Saudi Arabia is finally catching up with the rest of the developed world in terms of environmental awareness. In the past, while much of the rest of the world spent its time pondering issues such as global warming, water, air, and soil pollution, over-exploitation of resources, and a myriad of other environmental concerns, the Saudi people and government seemed to be primarily focused on expanding their capital in a globalized economy. However, in 2015, for the first time, this trend began to show legitimate change. This new emphasis on environmental concerns has caused some interest and uproar, specifically in the economic sector. The research, therefore, concentrated on the barriers, strategies, and opportunities that might impede or encourage Saudi Arabia in its quest to develop a greener and more sustainable economic infrastructure. After carefully considering the available literature, data, and reliable statistics, the report concluded that, while change will be difficult and, possibly slow, Saudi Arabia should expect to see greener projects and initiatives transpiring in their homeland over the course of the next several years.

Suggested citation: Pörtner, H.O., Scholes, R.J., Agard, J., Archer, E., Arneth, A., Bai, X., Barnes, D., Burrows, M., Chan, L., Cheung, W.L., Diamond, S., Donatti, C., Duarte, C., Eisenhauer, N., Foden, W., Gasalla, M. A., Handa, C., Hickler, T., Hoegh-Guldberg, O., Ichii, K., Jacob, U., Insarov, G., Kiessling, W., Leadley, P., Leemans, R., Levin, L., Lim, M., Maharaj, S., Managi, S., Marquet, P. A., McElwee, P., Midgley, G., Oberdorff, T., Obura, D., Osman, E., Pandit, R., Pascual, U., Pires, A. P. F., Popp, A., Reyes-García, V., Sankaran, M., Settele, J., Shin, Y. J., Sintayehu, D. W., Smith, P., Steiner, N., Strassburg, B., Sukumar, R., Trisos, C., Val, A.L., Wu, J., Aldrian, E., Parmesan, C., Pichs-Madruga, R., Roberts, D.C., Rogers, A.D., Díaz, S., Fischer, M., Hashimoto, S., Lavorel, S., Wu, N., Ngo, H.T. 2021. IPBES-IPCC co-sponsored workshop report synopsis on biodiversity and climate change; IPBES and IPCC, DOI:10.5281/zenodo.4782538 The Synopsis presents the main conclusions of the first-ever IPCC-IPBES co-sponsored workshop which took place in December 2020. The workshop explored diverse facets of the interaction between climate and biodiversity, from current trends to the role and implementation of nature-based solutions and the sustainable development of human society. This Synopsis is underpinned by the Scientific Outcome, which includes seven sections, the complete references and the report glossary. You can find the Scientific Outcome here https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4659158

Micro and small enterprises (MSEs) are the engine of economic growth in Nigeria. But they also contribute heavily to the climate change through their choice of energy. Mostly prefer source is the fossil fuel for electricity generation despite the growing awareness of the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by embracing renewable energy technologies across the globe. Meanwhile, MSEs accounts for a large proportion of businesses in Lagos State, Nigeria and the situation is not different. Hence, this study investigated the factors influencing willingness to adopt renewable energy technologies among the MSEs. The study surveyed 300 MSEs between January and March, 2017 in Lagos State, Nigeria. Using logit regression, the results showed that creating awareness and knowledge about renewable energy, adequate government policies, trust, peer-effect, development of renewable energy markets and technology acceptance factors (if it makes life easier, simple to use and improve the quality of work) are all positive and statistically significant in influencing the willingness to adopt renewable energy technologies among the MSEs. Cooperation between private enterprises and relevant government agencies supported by ‘political will’ is required to promote the aforementioned factors influencing the willingness to adopt RETs in Nigeria. International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management, Vol 19 (2019)

The dataset reports 1) Bibliographic information of each original publication of exotic species impact; 2) number of replicates for controls and experimental treatments; 3) mean ± SD of control and experimental treatments; 4) Hedges’ g effect size and variation of impact; 5) Descriptive information of the recipient sites including latitude, longitude, depth; 6) Descriptive information of the study, including whether it was mensurative of manipulative in the field or laboratory, the level of organization of recorded impacts and the response variable; 7) Descriptive information of the exotic species, including species name, taxonomic group and trophic level; 8) Descriptive information on the recipient species, including taxonomic group and trophic level; 9) Thermal characterization of the recipient site; 10) Latitudinal and thermal characterization of the exotic species range of origin (RO); 11) Characterization of warming projections in the recipient site under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 projections. Here we provide data on the ecological impacts of exotic marine species on recipient native ecosystems and characterise the thermal niche of both the recipient sites and each exotic species range of origin (RO). In addition, we provide the summertime warming trajectories of the recipient sites under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 emission scenarios. Together, this dataset characterises the ecological impacts of exotic marine species and the climatic context under which these impacts occur. Overall this database represents 108 studies that have measured impacts of exotic species on recipient marine ecosystems where they were introduced, encompassing 748 observations from 80 sites and 50 species, ranging from primary producers (e.g. seagrass, macroalgae) to predators (e.g. fish, crustaceans, annelids). S.B. received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 659246. S.B., J.S-G and N.M. received funding from the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness (MedShift, CGL2015-71809-P) and Fundación BBVA (project Interbioclima). J.M.P. received funding from the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies (CE140100020). D.K.-J. received funding from the Independent Research Fund Denmark (CARMA; 8021-00222B). Author contributions: S.B, J.S-G, N.M and C.M.D. conceived and designed the study. A.A., N.R.G., C.E.L., E.T.A., J.C., D.K-J., N.M., P.M., J.M.P., and J.S-G. constructed the exotic species impacts data set. S.B. and J.S-G., compiled the exotic species range-of-origin dataset and G.J. compiled and analyzed the observed and projected ocean temperature data. S.B. and J.S-G performed the data analyses with contributions from all coauthors. Peer reviewed

One of the most discussed topics of Environmental economics is the choice of the appropriate functional form to examine the income-environmental impact relationship. Since the developing economies encounter different development stages, the use of relevant specification and technique gains special importance to reveal the country specific relationship. Considering the afore-mentioned points, this study employs the time-varying cointegration approach to investigate the CO2 emissions-economic growth relationship in the case of developing country, Azerbaijan. Time-varying cointegration approach a) takes into account the varying nature of elasticity of emissions and b) does not require the functional specification to be a polynomial. The results document a long-run relationship between carbon emissions and income. The study also concludes that the EKC hypothesis does not hold in Azerbaijan. The positive and time-varying income elasticity of carbon emissions, slightly decreasing at the end of the time period, can be seen as an indication that the country has implemented a number of successful emission/pollution regulatory measures.

Canopy-forming seaweeds, as primary producers and foundation species, provide key ecological services. Their responses to multiple stressors associated with climate change could therefore have important knock-on effects on the functioning of coastal ecosystems. We examined interactive effects of UVB radiation and warming on juveniles of three habitat-forming subtidal seaweeds from Western Australia–Ecklonia radiata, Scytothalia dorycarpa and Sargassum sp. Fronds were incubated for 14 days at 16–30°C with or without UVB radiation and growth, health status, photosynthetic performance, and light absorbance measured. Furthermore, we used empirical models from the metabolic theory of ecology to evaluate the sensitivity of these important seaweeds to ocean warming. Results indicated that responses to UVB and warming were species specific, with Sargassum showing highest tolerance to a broad range of temperatures. Scytothalia was most sensitive to elevated temperature based on the reduced maximum quantum yields of PSII; however, Ecklonia was most sensitive, according to the comparison of activation energy calculated from Arrhenius’ model. UVB radiation caused reduction in the growth, physiological responses and thallus health in all three species. Our findings indicate that Scytothalia was capable of acclimating in response to UVB and increasing its light absorption efficiency in the UV bands, probably by up-regulating synthesis of photoprotective compounds. The other two species did not acclimate over the two weeks of exposure to UVB. Overall, UVB and warming would severely inhibit the growth and photosynthesis of these canopy-forming seaweeds and decrease their coverage. Differences in the sensitivity and acclimation of major seaweed species to temperature and UVB may alter the balance between species in future seaweed communities under climate change. XiaoWernberg_Temp_UV_PLoSone_raw_dataRaw data on growth, photosynthetic yield, Health status and absorption.XiaoWernberg_Temp_UV_PLoSone_raw data.xlsx