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Linac Energy Management (LEM) is a control system program which calculates, and optionally implements, magnet setpoint settings (BDESs) following a change in Energy (such as a change in the number, phase, and amplitude of active klystrons). The change is made relative to those magnets’ existing BDES setpoints by a factor encoding the change in energy. LEM is necessary because changes in the number, phase, and amplitude of the active klystrons (the so-called "Klystron complement") change the beam’s rigidity, and therefore, to maintain constant optics, one has to change focusing gradients and bend fields. This paper describes the basic process and some of the implementation lessons learned for LEM at the LCLS. Proceedings of the 1st International Particle Accelerator Conference, IPAC2010, Kyoto, Japan

This presentation gives an overview of the Sustainable Agriculture and Natural Resource Management Collaborative Research Support Program (SANREM CRSP). The SANREM CRSP utilizes a systems approach to promote many goals including the improvement of agricultural productivity, the empowerment of smallholders, and the promotion of sustainable development. This presentation shows the different components, partners, and structure of the SANREM CRSP, the extent of capacity building efforts, and the long-term research activities for Phase IV. ME (Management Entity)

This paper discusses the process of wind model validation against field measurements.

Evictions occur when a landlord expels renters from residing in property the landlord owns. Recent data suggest that approximately 40% of residential households in California from years 2012 to 2016 are occupied by renters. The prevalence of renting along with increasing awareness of evictions make studying the causes of eviction a topic of interest for public officials, scholars, housing service providers, and the renter population among others. High cost of living is a direct common cause of evictions across the US. This paper examines and presents a study on the connection between energy burden (how much a single household pays for electricity out of its total household income) and eviction rate. Analysis relies on the application of quantitative research methods using census tract level data from 2012 to 2016 over the service territory of Southern California Edison (SCE). This study uses models that account for both time-variant and time-invariant effects of other key cost and household demographic variables on eviction rate. By taking this approach, the author attempts to separate an unbiased effect of energy burden, which could inform predictions about whether high energy burden is generally accompanied by high eviction rates. Preliminary results suggest that there is a borderline significant positive correlation between energy burden and the unobserved time-invariant census tract level heterogeneity that contributes to higher eviction rates.

Report and presentation completed by students enrolled in PA 5242: Environmental Planning, Policy, and DM, taught by Carissa Schively Slotterback in spring 2015. ; This project was completed as part of a year-long partnership between the City of Rosemount and the University of Minnesota’s Resilient Communities Project (http://www.rcp.umn.edu). As more extreme weather incidents have ravaged the United States in recent years, many local governments are taking a closer look at just how resilient their communities are to the changing global climate. The goal of this project was to create a climate adaptation plan aimed at strengthening resilience to climatic impacts on built, natural, economic, and social systems. In collaboration with city project lead Jason Lindahl, a planner for the City of Rosemount, a team of students in PA 5242: Environmental Planning, Policy, and Decision-Making analyzed data from the Minnesota Department of Health’s Vulnerability Assessment and case studies of two different regions in the United States and made recommendations for how the City of Rosemount can use a vulnerability assessment to inform activities that improve the City’s adaptability in the face of climate change. A final report and presentation from the project are available. ; This project was supported by the Resilient Communities Project (RCP), a program at the University of Minnesota that convenes the wide-ranging expertise of U of M faculty and students to address strategic local projects that advance community resilience and sustainability. RCP is a program of the Center for Urban and Regional Affairs (CURA). More information at http://www.rcp.umn.edu

The anaerobic bioavailability of two types of solid slaughterhouse waste (poultry and pig wastes) was studied after the application of thermal pretreatment. Both wastes were characterized by different proportions between fats, proteins and carbohydrates. The thermal pretreatments selected (70ºC for 60 min, and 133ºC and 3 bars for 20 min) were included in the European regulations 1774/2002 & 92/2005 for higienization purposes. These pretreatments had a remarkable effect on the solubilization of organic matter and on protein hydrolysis. No negative effects in methane or biogas yields were found in both pretreated wastes, but the bioavailibity of organic matter after the pretreatment depended on the composition of each waste, basically the presence of carbohydrates which could react with protein hydrolysis products (amino acids) giving slowly or not anaerobically biodegradable products (Maillard compounds).

Experimental evidence is mounting for enhanced stability against pulsed heat loads in cable-in-conduit conductors brought about by transient pressure waves in helium. It has been suggested that this enhancement derives from improved heat transfer caused by pressure induced flow and from extra heat absorption capability due to the thermodynamic path followed by helium in the course of pressure rise and release. A basic conductor design is given to take advantage of these phenomena yet avoiding the difficulties encountered in the force-cooled conductor presently under development. The design is discussed in terms of manufacturability, performance, and applicability in large fusion magnets. A few small scale test conductors have been constructed. Preliminary test results on the performance of one of them is included. Possible variations offered by the flexibility of the basic design is also discussed.

This fact sheet describes how DOE's Data Center Energy Profiler (DC Pro) Software Tool Suite and other resources can help U.S. companies identify ways to improve the efficiency of their data centers.

The military is facing a significant issue of increasing fuel cost to deploy troops overseas and establish and maintain Forward Operating Bases (FOBs) or outposts. Liquid fuel is one of the primary energy source for these FOBs, which is a non-renewable source, flammable, and needs large convoys with specialized equipment to transport, therefore being both unsafe and expensive for the operation of FOBs. To help reduce energy consumption, transportation, and cost an Energy Resource Planning Tool (ERPT) is needed. This ERPT will help the military in making crucial decisions about the optimal shelter and equipment configuration for their Forward Operating Bases (FOBs) prior to deployment. To make this tool effective, load profile data of shelters needs to be simulated and uploaded into a database, so that it can be easily available when outposts need to be configured and optimized with respect to energy consumption for a given set of constraints. This research has developed a programmatic modeling framework to generate load profiles for shelters of interest for outposts for different weather profiles, equipment, occupancy, and other relevant parameters of interest, and upload data points into a database. The modeling framework is developed using the programming language Ruby and simulation platforms OpenStudio and EnergyPlus. In order to make sure the ERPT estimates reasonably accurate load profiles for a shelter through regression techniques, a large set of data points, on the order of around 500,000 data points, needs to be uploaded into the database. The database is named DEnCity and is established using Amazon Web Services (AWS). This research developed programmatic workflow to perform Sensitivity analyses along with Sampling and Uncertainty analyses to generate and upload the data points needed into the DEnCity database. It analyzes different Sensitivity and Uncertainty methods for creating and uploading data points. It compares these computational methods and discusses their pros and cons in context of the ...

The city of Leh was the capital of the Kingdom of Ladakh from the fifteenth to nineteenth centuries. Over time, due to wars, politics, and isolation, the capital city fell into a state of disrepair soon after the royal family was exiled. An explosion in tourism over the last few decades has seen a revival in the local community but most of the benefits including generated tourism revenue have been directed towards development outside the historical boundary of Leh. The residents of what is now known as Leh Old Town suffer from poverty, lack of basic infrastructures such as drainage, and limited access to water. Additionally, Leh Old Town was also placed under World’s Monument Watch in 2008 due to issues related to low-scale modern construction and urgent need of repair for 55% of the historic buildings. Climate change has also been cited as a cause of concern due to issues related to faster melting glaciers and flash floods due to the lack of a drainage system. The main aim of this practicum is to study and demonstrate the role that landscape architects can play in the rehabilitation of historical alpine settlements that have been adversely affected by anthropological factors such as politics, climate change, and over-tourism. It does so by highlighting the cultural and architectural heritage of the Old Town of Leh, known as Kharyog in Ladakhi, and demonstrating the use of indigenous construction materials and methods that have been superseded by modern materials imported from other parts of the country. It also aims to study how the positive effects of tourism can be distributed equally throughout a community to improve the quality of life for the residents of Leh Old Town.