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Peer Reviewed ; http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/71385/1/Emisiones_de_CO2,_centrales_nucleares_y_bacterias_(Apuntes,_No_ 34,_ 2010).pdf ; -1

Article discussing the understory of an Andean cloud forest in the Sierra Nevada National Park, Venezuela.

This report discusses the Assessment of Impacts of Global Climatic Changes on the Venezuelan Agricultural System Workshop, as part of the PAN-EARTH Project, Venezuela case study.

The search for novel forms to generate electricity, renewable and clean, is a priority for today’s society. Renewable energy resources exploited and exploitable in each place are: the ability to produce biomass, position relative to the sun, wind, sea and others. The movement of the sea is a promising source of energy, renewable and clean, but conditions of each place are different, it makes difficult to use just one generation technology for every maritime area, each region has its specific conditions that benefit one to and other technology. This research produced a mathematical and computational model for the extraction of kinetic energy from Sea Waves power, especially for superficial and intermediate depths. The system cost of a float and an arm coupled to an electrical generator, the mathematical model implemented allows the variation of different parameters to assist a glimpse of the possibilities, limitations, advantages and disadvantages of this particular form of generation. ; La búsqueda de nuevas formas de generar electricidad, renovables y limpias, es una prioridad para la sociedad actual. Entre los recursos energéticos renovables explotados y explotables en cada lugar se encuentran: la capacidad de producir biomasa, posición respecto al sol, vientos y el mar entre otros. El movimiento del mar es una fuente promisoria de energía, pero debido a la variación de sus condiciones de un lugar a otro, se hace difícil una unificación tecnológica que sea ´óptima para todas las regiones marítimas de la tierra, cada región tiene sus condiciones particulares que beneficia una u otra tecnología. Este proyecto de investigación modela matemáticamente y computacionalmente un sistema de recuperación de energía movido por el oleaje del mar, especialmente para aguas pandas e intermedias. Este sistema consta de un flotador (boya) y un brazo acoplados a un generador, el modelo matemático implementado permite la variación de los diferentes parámetros ayudando a vislumbrar las posibilidades, restricciones, bondades y ...

Report on the potential impacts of global climate change in the farming systems and terrestrial ecosystems in Venezuela.

The Oaxaca Wind Resource Atlas, produced by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory's (NREL's) wind resource group, is the result of an extensive mapping study for the Mexican State of Oaxaca. This atlas identifies the wind characteristics and distribution of the wind resource in Oaxaca. The detailed wind resource maps and other information contained in the atlas facilitate the identification of prospective areas for use of wind energy technologies, both for utility-scale power generation and off-grid wind energy applications.

Article on canopy gaps and understory light spectrum in a Venezuelan Andean cloud forest.

This project presents a model for the collection of used cooking oil as raw material for biodiesel production in Puerto Rico. We propose the use of a user friendly application in Excel, designed to approximately solve the capacitated vehicle routing problem (CVRP). The application gives cost-effective solutions, defines the daily assignment of routes for a fleet of vehicles with different capacities, determines transportation costs, and defines the routes in a timely manner allowing a considerable improvement in the daily planning of this task. This tool is specially tailored to the topography and the speed limits of the roads of Puerto Rico. The objectives of this project is to reduce the cost of biodiesel production by reducing the raw material transportation costs and to reduce the water contamination caused by the residue of the cooking oil by improving the collection planning. ; Este trabajo presenta un modelo de recolección de aceites usados de cocina como materia prima para la fabricación de biodiesel en Puerto Rico. Se propone el uso de una herramienta en Excel fácil de utilizar por cualquier usuario, diseñada para dar una solución aproximada del problema de ruteo de vehículos capacitados (CVRP). Esta aplicación provee soluciones costo- efectivas en la asignación de rutas a visitar diariamente por una flota de vehículos con diversas capacidades, determina los costos de transporte, las rutas satisfaciendo restricciones de tiempo de los conductores, proporcionando así una mejora considerable en la planificación diaria de dicha tarea. La herramienta se adapta especialmente al sistema montañoso y a los límites de velocidad de las carreteras de Puerto Rico. Con la elaboración de este proyecto se pretende reducir los costos de producción del biodiesel disminuyendo los costos de transporte de la materia prima y reducir la contaminación generada por el residuo del aceite usado de cocina en las aguas mejorando la planificación de su recogido. ; 2008

The richness of the plots lies in the indeterminacy conveyed by these voids, in the creation of expectation and in the capacity of these spaces to “generate desires”. The richness of the plots lies in the indeterminacy conveyed by these voids, in the creation of an expectation and in the capacity of these spaces to “generate desires”. The very name of the programme, ‘This is not a plot of land’, is an example of one of the many social intervention programmes that can be found in the city’s platforms and movements that are concerned with unused spaces and with improving the urban environment. It seeks to incite a game that consists of going beyond semantic restrictions, inviting us to propose a view that recognises the potential of these spaces. The interventions are based on a prior urban and socio-economic study, analysing the profile of the population, the existing facilities and the shortcomings of each of the areas to which the site to be intervened belongs. Small plots of land with a regular geometry for ease of use, and the use of the plots of land in good condition to allow a quick intervention, transforming them into children’s play areas, urban vegetable gardens, green carpet gardens, improvised sports fields, or others.

En este reporte se presenta la metodología para crear un programa de ciudad solar que sea aplicable a los municipios de Puerto Rico. Se realizó una revisión de literatura sobre las legislaciones, incentivos y programas existentes, se evaluó el potencial de desarrollo que tiene la ciudad de Mayagüez y se llevó a cabo un análisis económico para comprobar la viabilidad del programa. Además, se utilizaron dos instalaciones de la ciudad para demostrar la aplicabilidad de la metodología establecida. En general, este trabajo presenta una propuesta amplia de enfoque urbano hacia el desarrollo de la tecnología solar con el fin de facilitar su adopción. ; In this document the methodology to create a solar city program that is applicable to the municipalities of Puerto Rico is presented. A literature review of the existing laws, incentives and initiatives was conducted, and an analysis of the potential of development and economic feasibility analysis of the city of Mayagüez was performed to demonstrate the viability of the program. In addition, two municipal facilities were used to demonstrate the applicability of the methodology established. In general, this work presents a comprehensive proposal of urban approach toward the development of the solar technology to facilitate its adoption. ; 2010