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This article deals with the worked out specialized railway carriage for grain for the transportation process throughout the Republic of Uzbekistan railway network, with the unconditional provision of train traffic safety, which is one of the most important components of the rolling stock of railway transport. The features of the load-bearing structure of the railway carriage for grain are that it is made based on a four-axle platform and a universal container. Evaluation of the strength of the metal structure of the grain car was carried out following the requirements of the “Standards for the calculation and design of new and modernized cars of the railways of the Ministry of Railways with a gauge of 1520 mm (non-self-propelled)”. Based on theoretical studies, it was justified that the design of a railway carriage for grain with a capacity of 83.6 m3 and a carrying capacity of 65 tons. For the first test of a railway carriage for grain, the number 43925684 was assigned. The proposed new grain carriage will reduce operating costs and reduce rolling stock downtime during reloading operations. It will create the possibility of fulfilling contractual agreements drawn up for small volumes of traffic within the country.

This article deals with the worked out specialized railway carriage for grain for the transportation process throughout the Republic of Uzbekistan railway network, with the unconditional provision of train traffic safety, which is one of the most important components of the rolling stock of railway transport. The features of the load-bearing structure of the railway carriage for grain are that it is made based on a four-axle platform and a universal container. Evaluation of the strength of the metal structure of the grain car was carried out following the requirements of the “Standards for the calculation and design of new and modernized cars of the railways of the Ministry of Railways with a gauge of 1520 mm (non-self-propelled)”. Based on theoretical studies, it was justified that the design of a railway carriage for grain with a capacity of 83.6 m3 and a carrying capacity of 65 tons. For the first test of a railway carriage for grain, the number 43925684 was assigned. The proposed new grain carriage will reduce operating costs and reduce rolling stock downtime during reloading operations. It will create the possibility of fulfilling contractual agreements drawn up for small volumes of traffic within the country.

In the past, remote sensing was limited to the use of the visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum, the part of the spectrum that is invisible to the human eye can now be used with the help of spectral filters, photo films and other types of sensors. Also, the view of the earth was applied to practice and to solve life problems, for example, we can cite air reconnaissance during World War II. Aerial photographs provided the opportunity to observe the location of the enemy's army quickly and more safely than observation from the ground. Aerial photographs allowed military maps and information about strategic locations to be updated quickly and with relative accuracy. Remote sensing is carried out from the air by airplanes and with the help of satellites. Digital cameras, scanners, video images, radar and thermal sensors are also used in remote sensing. Remote sensing is a field that requires fast, accurate and new data collection and is widely used in environmental management. This article presents the stages of creating topographical bases for maintaining state cadastres in the Tashkent region, taking space photos, taking aerial photos, performing geospatial linking, vectoring, and creating electronic digital maps. At the same time, scientific research such as filling the attributes of electronic digital cards and comparative analysis of space photo download sources has been reflected.

In the past, remote sensing was limited to the use of the visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum, the part of the spectrum that is invisible to the human eye can now be used with the help of spectral filters, photo films and other types of sensors. Also, the view of the earth was applied to practice and to solve life problems, for example, we can cite air reconnaissance during World War II. Aerial photographs provided the opportunity to observe the location of the enemy's army quickly and more safely than observation from the ground. Aerial photographs allowed military maps and information about strategic locations to be updated quickly and with relative accuracy. Remote sensing is carried out from the air by airplanes and with the help of satellites. Digital cameras, scanners, video images, radar and thermal sensors are also used in remote sensing. Remote sensing is a field that requires fast, accurate and new data collection and is widely used in environmental management. This article presents the stages of creating topographical bases for maintaining state cadastres in the Tashkent region, taking space photos, taking aerial photos, performing geospatial linking, vectoring, and creating electronic digital maps. At the same time, scientific research such as filling the attributes of electronic digital cards and comparative analysis of space photo download sources has been reflected.

In the presented research work, heat pipes of gravitational and ring type were investigated. Two types of heat pipes were fabricated and tested under natural conditions for the study. According to the results of experiments, depending on the materials and dimensions of the heat pipes under study, the average value of the temperature difference in the gravitational heat pipe is 1.7 times higher, and the thermal resistance is 1.3 times lower.

In the presented research work, heat pipes of gravitational and ring type were investigated. Two types of heat pipes were fabricated and tested under natural conditions for the study. According to the results of experiments, depending on the materials and dimensions of the heat pipes under study, the average value of the temperature difference in the gravitational heat pipe is 1.7 times higher, and the thermal resistance is 1.3 times lower.

In the article, the medicinal properties, botanical description of the promising medicinal plant Hypericum perforatum species are studied, and the morpho-biological characteristics of the Hypericum perforatum species in the gray soils of Samarkand region are based on the comparative aspect. Depending on the planting conditions and periods of Hypericum perforatum, the seed yield, phytomass yield was determined, and recommendations for the cultivation of quality seeds and raw materials were developed.

In the article, the medicinal properties, botanical description of the promising medicinal plant Hypericum perforatum species are studied, and the morpho-biological characteristics of the Hypericum perforatum species in the gray soils of Samarkand region are based on the comparative aspect. Depending on the planting conditions and periods of Hypericum perforatum, the seed yield, phytomass yield was determined, and recommendations for the cultivation of quality seeds and raw materials were developed.

Quantitative changes in improving the effectiveness of teaching writing and developing the skills of elementary school students were summarized in the assessment of teaching effectiveness using Student and Pearson methods. Using the χ^2 Pearson test, which is often used in statistical research, we introduce the research hypotheses of the second, third and final stages of the control and experimental class participants with the indicators of the first stage. At the end of the experimental work, it was proven that the respondent's knowledge indicators increased by 13.8% on average.