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Prefigurare assetti urbani futuri nei quali le tecnologie consentano azioni e interazioni fra gli individui inimmaginabili solo pochi anni fa, ha da sempre rappresentato una delle tematiche di ricerca ed approfondimento più interessanti delle scienze della città anche se, probabilmente, non sufficientemente considerate nel dibattito urbanistico del nostro paese degli ultimi venti anni. L’accelerazione verso tali tematiche è stata consistente a partire dai recenti bandi della Comunità Europea e del Ministero dell’Istruzione e della Ricerca Italiano sulle: Smart City. In questa importante svolta, supportata dalle numerose aziende produttrici di tecnologie, dispositivi e media, sembra tuttavia verificarsi una discontinuità nell’ambito della definizione teorica dei processi connessi alla strutturazione ed alla gestione della Smart City. I numerosi approfondimenti sul tema sembrano svilupparsi lontano dalle scienze del governo delle trasformazioni della città e distanti dal principale ambito disciplinare di riferimento: l’urbanistica. Tale discrasia è probabilmente riconducibile a due fattori: da una parte la marginalizzazione del tema relativo a città ed innovazione tecnologica nel dibattito urbanistico nazionale concentratosi su altri, pur importanti, argomenti e, dall’altra l’approccio marcatamente aziendale che la recente accelerazione ha subito e che, in una logica di mercato, tende ad evitare possibili razionalizzazioni dei processi. All’interno del testo verranno proposti approcci, ipotesi e riflessioni probabilmente non strutturate per definire un ordinato sviluppo teorico ma, probabilmente in grado di aprire dimensioni del ragionamento ed indicare possibili scenari che possano essere successivamente ripresi, confutati e riarticolati dagli altri studiosi delle scienze urbane per definirne un nuovo modo di interpretare e tentare di orientare lo sviluppo urbano. Molte delle riflessioni presentate nel seguito rappresentano semplici spunti che necessitano di ulteriori approfondimenti e sviluppi maggiormente strutturati. Ma pare utile avviare un ragionamento che dimostri come la proposizione del modello “smart” per i moderni sistemi urbani non derivi unicamente da necessità tecnicisticamente aziendali, che spingono all’utilizzo di device di controllo urbano, ma possano essere visti come uno stadio evolutivo della città del quale già da tempo si erano prefigurati gli sviluppi. In altre parole obiettivo di questo paper è quello di tentare di ricondurre le dinamiche di sviluppo della SC nel loro naturale alveo di sviluppo teorico-operativo, anche recuperando approcci e riferimenti metodologici riconducibili allo studio del rapporto fra nuove tecnologie e trasformazioni del sistema urbano da tempo sviluppati in sede di ricerca ma mai concretamente adottati per la definizione di nuovi processi di governo della città. Tema. Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment, Vol 6, N° 1 (2013): Smart Cities: Researches, Projects and Good Practices for the City

In line with the national and international context, where energy emerges as a means for development, and not an end in itself, the definition of strategic objectives and implementing strategies for energy and development needs to be based on an inclusive and integrated approach including all the implications of energy on social, economic and environmental dimensions. Looking at the Italian perspective, the UNESCO Chair in Energy for Sustainable Development at the Department of Energy has launched a new initiative, by proposing the activation of a ���Multi-stakeholder Platform for Energy in Development���, to define a first national pilot experience of multi-actors collaborations including institutional and private sectors, civil society, academic and research sectors. The overall objective of the Platform is to identify, formulate and validate energy intervention strategies in line with the SDG7. In May 2016, the Platform has started the elaboration of the ���Guidelines for projects in Energy & Development���. The guidelines contribute to define a national framework for planning energy projects in the development cooperation, referring to the best practices existing in the international framework. JUNCO | Journal of UNiversities and international development COoperation, N. 1-2 (2018): Migrazioni, Pace e Sviluppo. Nuove sfide e nuovi attori nella cooperazione internazionale per lo sviluppo in Italia - Atti del V Congresso CUCS, Milano 14-15 settembre 2017

The unsustainability of sustainability wants to underline the improper and widespread use of a complex concept that cannot be trivialized through the proposal of technological solutions. Although technological solutions represent “comfortable” tools for social reassurance, the risk is a social drift generated by the phenomenon of the “granfalloon”. Behind the technological solutions there are new market proposals, which have nothing to do with the real resolution of the sustainability of the global socio-economic system. The perception of the whole socio-economic system as a single metabolic socio-ecological system, makes us interpret the role of technological solutions differently. The knowledge we have gained over the last 50 years on the functioning of natural systems represent consolidated bases for interpreting and providing solutions on the sustainability of mankind. This perception, while providing uncomfortable solutions, should change the perception of applied ecology within the academy community. Therefore, applied ecology no longer as a study of human effects on the ecosphere, but as a discipline that teaches mankind how to structure its socio-economic metabolism compatibly with the constraints imposed by the ecosphere. BORNH Bulletin of Regional Natural History, V. 1 N. 2 (2021): BORNH 02/2021

In the past economics ignored the limits of natural resources. In the last few years a new methodological approach comes into economics improving the comprehension of the economic phenomena linked to the satisfaction of the needs of modern man that basic considers the quality of life. The objective of this research is to define the theoretical and methodological aspects of a sustainable economy pointing out the reasons and the grounds on which to build an environmental policy. This one has to consider either the economic matters or the environmental sensitivity of people. This research is divided into three parts. The first one defines the outlines of the sustainable economy and its characteristic features. The second one emphasizes the necessity of replacing the concept of sustainable development instead of development and growth. At last, the third part identifies the basic lines into which the environmental policy has to be realized defining its reasons, its foundations and its valuation systems. Aestimum, Aestimum 47 (2005)

An internship period spent in the north of Morocco kingdom (Tetouan) gave a contribute to the organization activity in promoting sustainable development in the rural areas under the Kyoto Protocol. The multitasking project will increase biodiversity planting trees for wood, forage and fruits productions. The paper show a first step study to evaluate the possibility to reach an agreement with the propriety and the manager of these areas in a multifunctional reforestation project. The eligible site suitable for reforestation in accordance with the CDM international scheme is a large plateau (more than 5000 hectares) 600 meters high on the sea level far from the Cannabis crops area. The evaluation of the project costs and of the social benefits for the population consider (using different species) the indigenous communities necessity. The evaluation of carbon sequestration show the small scale of the reforestation project on behalf of the Kyoto Protocol, but give also an idea about the people rights and necessities. The normal afforestation and reforestation projects, under the Kyoto Protocol, try to maximize the CO2 sequestration in a short time, than business laws usually require. A small scale project could be self-managing, less expensive (international certification costs) and more interesting for local communities.

One of the main problems in the debate around land consumption concerns the need to address actions of urban regeneration towards the restoration of consumed land rather than mere containment of land consumption. The poor appreciation of the value related to those transformations aimed at re-covering free areas, imposes an estimative remark aimed at the definition of tools able of comparing the benefits related to ecosystem services and those related to ordinary transformations. A key role needs to be held by local communities that, conveniently involved in the assessment, can help ad-dressing urgencies and emergencies of the studied environment, and at the same time actively participate to the process of territorial, social and cultural transformation.

Sustainability and resilience are relevant concepts in design and management of transport infrastructures. Sustainability refers to concept of development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their ones. Resilience is linked to the occurrence of extreme events during the life cycle of infrastructures and it is a measure of the ability of recovery the previous functionality. Traditionally, the two concepts are applied separately even if they present a significant number of similar characteristics. The better solutions in transport infrastructures design, maintenance and rehabilitation should lead to an improvement of both qualities. This paper presents an integrated approach sustainability-resilience as a useful tool in the decision-making process where different alternatives of rehabilitation after an extreme event are considered. Sustainability and resilience are estimated based on LCCA. The integrated perspective allows addressing an appropriate amount of technical, economic and environmental issues and is an useful tool for the identification of the most efficient solution.