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Hyperosmolar alcoholic syndrome in traumatologic patients, admitted to a hospital in a state of alcoholic intoxication, is not unusual. Recommended treatment of this state is based on correction of metabolic acidosis, forced diuresis and normovolemic hemodilution with the help of hyperoncotic solutions. In the process of examination of 94 patients have been revealed increase of osmolarity due to high content of blood alcohol, decrease of sodium concentration and increase of colloid-osmotic pressure level, connected with inadequate autohemodilution. In these patients pathogenetically justified is the use of hypotonic solutions of glucose-novocaine mixture, ensuring immediate replacement of extra- and intracellular water space deficiencies of organism, that made possible to abandon application of forced diuresis, metabolic acidosis correction and costly hyperoncotic solutions.

Проведенные исследования в районах Крайнего Севера (Норильский промышленный комплекс) и региона Сибири и Дальнего Востока в период с 1980 по 2000 г. на достаточно большом исходном материале показали, что при онкоэпидемиологических разработках необходимо учитывать фактор миграции, который оказывает существенное влияние на уровни онкологической заболеваемости как за счет сопутствующих негативных обстоятельств, связанных с переездами, так и за счет изменения численности и состава населения. The cancer incidence as a whole and the incidence of esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, rectal cancer, lung cancer, uterine cervix cancer and hemoblastosis among urban and rural population of Siberia and Russian Far East has been studied. There have been obtained data on cancer incidence depending on regions (the period between 1984 and 1988) and time intervals (1976-1988). Differences in cancer incidence between urban and rural populations have been found.

Blood concentrations of endogenous ethanol (EE) reflects the effects of various psychic and medicinal impacts. EE levels in alcoholic patients depend on the severity of alcoholism, emotional status and efficacy of treatment. Actualization of the pathologic craving for alcohol and other types of emotional excitement are attended by reduced EE concentrations whereas the disactualization of the pathological craving for alcohol and relaxation increase the EE levels. Stabilization of alcoholic patients' clinical status is attended by stabilization of EE values. It is suggested that acetaldehyde acts as a modulator of catecholamine levels both in normal subjects and alcoholics ensuring connection between EE levels and the status of the central nervous system.

Comparative evaluation of the infusion of reamberin and mafusol has been carried out on the model of toxic liver damage caused by ammonium chloride. Reamberin contributed to more rapid normalization of indices due to an increase in the substrate reserve for energy metabolism. In a group of animals with alcohol intoxication, only the treatment with Reamberin allowed the system of antioxidant protection (reduced glutathione, thiol groups) and functional activity of the liver to be to normalized by the end of experiments on a level of the control group (intact animals).

Phenazepam stimulates the drinking behaviour of rats. Under free-choice conditions ethanol-preferring rats drank significantly greater amount of phenazepam solution than those not preferring ethanol. Intraperitoneal administration of phenazepam and ethanol eliminated differences between the animals of the two groups in consumption of each substance but had no cross effect.

Animal experiments have indicated that chronic ethanol intoxication suppresses the activity of microsomal oxidation of enzymes and limits their induction with phenobarbital.

Emotional-painful stress and alcohol intoxication activated carboxypeptidase H in the rat pituitary gland. The enzymatic activity was lower in chronic emotional-painful stress and alcohol consumption than that of their single exposure, but higher than that in control rats. In blood serum carboxypeptidase H-like activity was increased after the single emotional-painful stress, while it decreased in chronic stress. Ethanol affected the enzymatic activity in blood serum less significantly than in the pituitary gland.

For 4 months laboratory white rats were administered inhalations of polydisperse dusts of the brown coal from the Nazarovsky and Beregovsky coal deposits. Revealed were mainly identical, early marked reactions of the bronchi and lung system, which, judging from the quantitative indices, could be regarded as ++pre-fibrosis, as well as some signs of irritation on the cell elements, bronchi and lung vessels. The portion of lipids and general oxyproline in the dry lung substance in the sample group amounted to 16.3-17.2%, and 9.2% in the control group. The results in combination with the immune indices changes (complement, lysozyme, lymphocyte populations), histamine in the blood and non-specific shifts in the adrenal gland state and in the heart, proved the unfavourable action of ducts with low ash content and a minimal (no less than 1.3%) content of free silica dioxide. The reasons underlying brown coal's action in question are also thoroughly discussed.

Activities of alcohol dehydrogenases (ADG), aldehyde dehydrogenases (AlDG), and NADH+ dehydrogenases were measured by histochemical methods in neurons and capillaries of the gyrus cinguli and medulla oblongata of subjects dead from coronary disease. Enzymatic activities were found to depend on the stage of alcoholic intoxication. During resorption, characterized by reversible ethanol oxidation, the activities of AlDG and NADH+ dehydrogenases decreased, while during elimination the activities of these enzymes increased. ADG activity in cerebral tissue was increased during the entire period of alcoholic intoxication. The duration of alcoholic intoxication is determined by the amount of consumed ethanol and activity of AlDG. These regularities can be used for forensic medical evaluation of the role of alcoholic intoxication in coronary death.

A higher level of cells with a changed number of chromosomes in leucocyte blood culture of chronic alcohol users (drunkards) and spermatogency cells of alcoholized rats has been noticed. Ethanol metabolite acetaldehyde exerts the same influence in the leucocyte blood culture of healthy donors. A prolonged influence of ethanol on rats, and also the effect of large doses of ethanol on the leucocyte blood culture of healthy donors cause an increase in the quantity of cells with chromosome translocations and gaps.