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  • 7. Clean energy
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  • The issues of implementing effective measures to reduce losses during the operation of power electrical equipment are of particular practical interest for electric grid and industrial enterprises. In nominal and close to them modes, power transformers have a fairly high coefficient of performance (COP). However, the efficiency of autotransformers depends on many factors due to their design features. In this study, the authors propose a method for improving the energy efficiency of autotransformers while optimizing the functioning of their cooling system in order to reduce operating losses for electric drives of pumps and fans of forced cooling systems using an autotransformer with a rated power of 125 MVA as an example. Вопросы внедрения эффективных мероприятий по снижению потерь при эксплуатации силового электрооборудования представляют практический интерес для электросетевых и промышленных предприятий. В номинальных и близких к ним режимах силовые трансформаторы обладают высоким коэффициентом полезного действия (КПД). Однако из-за конструктивных особенностей автотрансформаторов их КПД зависит от многих факторов. На примере автотрансформатора АТДЦТН-125000/220/110-У1 номинальной мощностью 125 МВ·А предложен способ повышения энергоэффективности при оптимизации функционирования их системы охлаждения с целью снижения эксплуатационных потерь на электроприводы насосов и вентиляторов систем принудительного охлаждения. Энергетик, Выпуск 5 2023, Pages 19-21

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  • The article presents a study of information technologies implementations for energy saving. The study provides an analysis of cloud platforms used in the energy sector. Most platforms are used to increase equipment load factors, diagnose it, or integrate the energy infrastructure of individual systems into large systems. The article discusses the role of man in the process of improving energy efficiency, as there is a need to introduce such measures in modern energy, which can motivate consumers to save energy. The relationship between the use of information technology and energy saving has been determined. The main directions of the use of digital and information technologies for the organization of a motivational energy-saving platform are defined. The structure and information interaction within the framework of the energy saving platform based on the Internet of things has been determined. Редставлено исследование внедрения информационных технологий для энергосбережения. В исследовании приводится анализ облачных платформ, используемых в энергетике. Большинство платформ применяется для увеличения коэффициентов загрузки оборудования, его диагностики или интеграции энергетической инфраструктуры отдельных систем в большие системы. Рассматривается роль человека в процессе повышения энергоэффективности, так как в современной энергетике появляется необходимость внедрения таких мер, которые смогут мотивировать потребителя к энергосбережению. Определены взаимосвязь применения информационных технологий и энергосбережения, основные направления использования цифровых и информационных технологий для организации мотивационной платформы энергосбережения, структура и информационное взаимодействие в рамках платформы энергосбережения на основе интернета вещей. №2(1063) (2020)

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    Authors: Galina, Bityaeva; Mergen, Sangadzhiev;

    The Republic of Kalmykia is rich in solar energy, where the sun shines for more than three-quarters of a year. In addition to solar energy, wind energy can be used in the region. Since agriculture is the major branch of the economy in the Republic, waste from it can be used as biogas. This paper discusses the use of renewable energy sources in protected areas where additional noise devices and aggregates cannot be used. Also, the use of high-voltage power lines can lead to fires, and they occupy part of the useful area of nature reserves, so additional maintenance is required. To solve this problem, we analyzed the current state of the reserve for the protection of saiga lands in Kalmykia. The questions of insolation depending on the seasons and day-night characteristics are also investigated. The materials were the results of expedition routes conducted in recent years in the Black Lands reserve, data from cordons. The obtained materials will make it possible to use non-traditional types of energy for lighting cordons, hunting and tourist areas, in particular, the use of solar modules of different designs. To promote specially protected areas and the use of solar energy.

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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Atlant E. Nurpeiis;

    The numerical simulation of heat transfer was conducted in a cascade of thermosyphons representing a system for extracting geothermal energy from great depths. We proposed a mathematical model of heat transfer in the coolant layer on the bottom cover of a thermosyphon and in the vapor channel differing from the well-known ones by a simplified description of the complex of thermophysical processes occurring in the evaporation, transport and condensation zones of the thermosyphon. The aim of this work is to develop a simplified method for calculating temperature fields in a cascade of thermosyphons, which makes it possible to conduct design and experimental work to create the systems for extracting geothermal energy based on a cascade of thermosyphons. The boundary problem of mathematical physics was solved by the method of finite differences. We showed the possibility to analyze the main characteristics – temperatures – within the framework of the model of «effective» thermal conductivity. The transfer coefficients of this model can be determined experimentally. We found the possibility of heat transfer from large depths with «efficiency» sufficient to achieve temperatures of about 330 K in the heat supply system when the external contour (thermosyphon surfaces) is completely thermally insulated. The results obtained are the basis for the further development of models and methods for analyzing geothermal energy extraction from great depths using a cascade of sequentially operating thermosyphons. According to the obtained theoretical results, the main directions of experimental studies were formulated to justify the conclusions made by the results of a numerical analysis. The results of numerical simulation provide grounds for concluding that the future (experimental and theoretical) development of a method for extracting geothermal energy from large depths of groundwater using a cascade of thermosyphons is promising.

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  • Данная работа посвящена разработке концепции энергоснабжения индивидуального дома с нулевым потреблением энергии, учитывающей климатические показатели района строительства. Задачи, которые решались в ходе исследования: 1. Систематизация и анализ существующих исследований в области объектов энергоэффективного жилищного строительства. 2. Оценка возобновляемых источников энергии, таких как солнечная, ветровая, воздушная и геотермальная энергетика. 3. Разработка процедуры подбора эффективной системы энергоснабжения пассивного дома. 4. Проверка алгоритма подбора эффективной системы энергоснабжения пассивного дома в России. 5. Определение экономических показателей системы энергоснабжения индивидуального дома с нулевым потреблением энергии для каждого из трех выбранных регионов. Проанализировав существующие концепции энергоэффективных домов и использование возобновляемых источников энергии на территории России, было решено, что необходимо предложить такую концепцию энергоснабжения пассивного дома, которая включает в себя совместную работу геотермального насоса и солнечных панелей. На основании оценки эффективности солнечной и геотермальной энергетики был разработан алгоритм побора эффективной системы энергоснабжения дома с нулевым потреблением энергии. Далее была произведена проверка алгоритма побора эффективной системы энергоснабжения пассивного дома для трех выбранных регионов, расположенных в России. С помощью сайта Photovoltaic geographical information system были выбраны три города, где наиболее оптимально устанавливать солнечные панели: Владивосток, Иркутск и Петропавловск-Камчатский. Для частных домов c площадью отапливаемых помещений 90 м2, расположенных во Владивостоке, Иркутске и Петропавловске-Камчатском была подобрана геотермальная и солнечная установка, а также рассчитана стоимость данного оборудования и его сроки окупаемости. Кроме того, было определено экономически оптимальное количество солнечных панелей для трех рассматриваемых городов. This work is devoted to the development of the concept of energy supply for an individual house with zero energy consumption, taking into account the climatic indicators of the construction area. The research set the following goals: 1. Systematization and analysis of existing research in the field of energy efficient housing construction. 2. Assessment of renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, air and geothermal energy. 3. Development of a procedure for selecting an efficient power supply system for a passive house. 4. Checking the algorithm for selecting an efficient power supply system for a passive house in Russia. 5. Determination of economic indicators of the energy supply system of an individual house with zero energy consumption for each of the three selected regions. After analyzing the existing concepts of energy efficient houses and the use of renewable energy sources in Russia, it was decided to propose such a concept for the energy supply of a passive house, which includes the combined work of a geothermal pump and solar panels. Based on the evaluation of the efficiency of solar and geothermal energy, an algorithm for selecting an efficient energy supply system for a house with zero energy consumption was developed. Next, the algorithm for selecting an efficient power supply system for a passive house was tested for three selected regions located in Russia. With the Photovoltaic geographical information system website, three cities were selected where it is most optimal to install solar panels: Vladivostok, Irkutsk and Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. For private houses with a heated area of 90 m2, located in Vladivostok, Irkutsk and Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, a geothermal and solar installation was selected, and the cost of this equipment and its payback period were calculated. In addition, the economically optimal number of solar panels for the three cities under consideration was determined.

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  • The article conducts research and development of methodological apparatus, assessing the level of sustainability of the regional transport and logistics infrastructure. The article indicates that the most important indicator when organizing transport and logistics support will be the indicator of its level of sustainability. The issue of transport and logistics sustainability related to the peculiarities of improving regional socio-economic infrastructure, including the implementation of regional infrastructure projects, is also emphasized. В статье проводятся исследования и разработка методического аппарата, оценки уровня устойчивости региональной транспортно-логистической инфраструктуры. В статье указывается, что наиболее важное значение при организации транспортно-логистического обеспечения будет иметь показатель его уровня устойчивости. Также акцентируется проблематика транспортно-логистической устойчивости связанная с особенностями совершенствования региональной социально-экономической инфраструктуры, в том числе при реализации региональных инфраструктурных проектов. Экономика и предпринимательство, Выпуск 10 (159) 2023, Pages 672-675

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  • The uneven production and consumption of oil in the world economy continues to grow, with demand and supply for products increasingly shifting to developing countries. The Asia-Pacific region and the countries of Southeast Asia, in the medium term, will become a key center in world oil refining, which is associated with high rates of economic growth, population growth and the fleet of vehicles in the countries of the region. Under the influence of the main trends in the development of the world oil market, as well as due to the policies of developed countries aimed at the application of environmental and energy-efficient technologies, the structure of production of oil products in the world is gradually changing. So, in this regard, the demand for light and medium distillates and LNG is growing in the Asia-Pacific countries, and the demand for heavy is falling. According to experts, gas demand will grow faster than oil. The key drivers of this growth are environmental friendliness and low cost in comparison to other fossil fuels. In Asia and the Middle East, gas generation will replace coal and oil, respectively. Gas consumption will grow, another driver of the growth of generating gas capacities is the fears of many countries about the safety and reliability of the nuclear power industry. In addition to the electric power industry, due to population growth, gas consumption in the housing sector and industry will increase. The Middle East, the only major producer of low-cost oil, will remain the center of global oil production in the long run. Неравномерность производства и потребления нефти в мировой экономике продолжает нарастать, спрос и предложение на продукцию всё более смещается в развивающиеся страны. Азиатско-Тихоокеанский регион и страны Юго-Восточной Азии, в среднесрочной перспективе, станут ключевым центром в мировой нефтепереработке, что связано с высокими темпами роста экономики, прироста населения и парка транспортных средств в странах региона. Под влиянием основных тенденций развития мирового рынка нефти, а также вследствие политики развитых стран, направленных на применение экологических и энергоэффективных технологий, структура производства потребления продукции нефтепереработки в мире постепенно изменяется. Так, в связи с этим в странах АТР растёт спрос на легкие и средние дистилляты и СПГ, а спрос на тяжелые падает. По оценкам экспертов спрос на газ будет расти быстрее, чем на нефть. Ключевыми факторами этого роста стали экологичность и низкая стоимость относительно других ископаемых видов топлива. В Азии и на Ближнем Востоке газовая генерация будет заменять угольную и нефтяную соответственно. Потребление газа будет расти, еще один драйвер роста генерирующих газовых мощностей - опасения многих стран по поводу безопасности и надежности атомной электроэнергетики. Помимо электроэнергетики, в связи с ростом населения будут расти объемы потребления газа в секторе ЖКХ и промышленности. Ближний Восток, единственный крупный производитель недорогой нефти, в долгосрочной перспективе останется центром мировой нефтедобычи ВОПРОСЫ СТРУКТУРИЗАЦИИ ЭКОНОМИКИ, Выпуск 4 (79) 2020, Pages 102-106

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  • Тема выпускной квалификационной работы: «Научно-исследовательский институт с энергоэффективными ограждающими конструкциями». Цель выпускной квалификационной работы: разработать проект геологического научно-исследовательского института, подобрать наиболее оптимальную с энергетической и экономической точки зрения ограждающую конструкцию. Задачи, решаемые в ходе работы: 1. Разработка разделов проектной документации в соответствии с Постановлением Правительства РФ от 16 февраля 2008 г. â„– 87 «О составе разделов проектной документации и требованиях к их содержанию»; 2. Разработка энергетической модели здания (BEM) с ограждающими конструкциями â„–1; 3. Разработка энергетической модели здания (BEM) с ограждающими конструкциями â„–2; 4. Разработка энергетической модели здания (BEM) с ограждающими конструкциями â„–3; 5. Теплотехнический расчет и расчет теплопотерь; 6. Экономический анализ; Поставленные задачи решались при помощи информационного и энергетического моделирования в ПК Revit. Разработана документация на проектируемый объект, а также энергетическая модель здания (BEM) с разными ограждающими конструкциями, подобрана оптимальная с точки зрения энергетической эффективности и экономической целесообразности использования ограждающая конструкция для здания НИИ – ограждающая стена «мокрый фасад». Theme of final qualification work: "Research Institute with energy-efficient building envelopes." The purpose of the final qualification work: to develop a project of a geological research institute, to select the most optimal building envelope from an energy and economic point of view. Tasks solved in the course of work: 1. Development of sections of project documentation in accordance with Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of February 16, 2008 No. 87 «On the composition of sections of project documentation and requirements for their content»; 2. Development of the energy model of the building (BEM) with building envelope No.1; 3. Development of the energy model of the building (BEM) with building envelope No.2; 4. Development of the energy model of the building (BEM) with building envelope No.3; 5. Thermotechnical calculation and calculation of heat loss; 6. Economic analysis. The tasks were solved using information and energy modeling in Revit PC. The documentation for the projected object, as well as the energy model of the building (BEM) with various building envelopes, was developed, and the optimal building envelope for the building of the research institute, the “wet facade” wall, was selected in terms of energy efficiency and economic feasibility.

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    It is substantiated that energy resource approach to person’s education is based on syntagma of the three grounds: phenomenon of a person as a fount of personal energy resources; education of a person as naturally and socially determined phenomenon, which is characterized by development of personal energy resources aroused by interchange of information with setting; consolidation of social influence on education of a person. Обосновано, что энергоресурсный подход к образованию человека базируется на синтагме трех оснований: феномене человека как развивающегося кладезя личных энергоресурсов; образовании человека как природоопределенном и социально обусловленном явлении, характеризующемся развитием личных энергоресурсов, происходящем вследствие обмена информаций с окружением; консолидации социального влияния на образование человека.

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  • Authors: Gorshkova, Ludmila; Sandulyak, Svetlana;

    In the current situation associated with the onset of the widespread economic crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, when production, financial markets, consumer demand for goods and services stopped at the same time, the concept of maintaining and developing business sustainability is becoming increasingly relevant. With fewer losses, those enterprises that can build viable business models in a timely manner have a chance to overcome the crisis. Orientation of organizations’ development strategies to the global sustainable development goals adopted by the global business community provides significant benefits for companies and increases business stability. Studies by international consultants show that Russian companies have not yet developed a full understanding of the importance and necessity of using sustainable development goals in their strategic and operational plans. The authors of the article consider five determinants that form, according to the authors, a complex system: intellectual; financial, informational, environmental and situational sustainability. The paper presents a brief description of the identified determinants and analyzes the research results of foreign and domestic scientists. It provides individual indicators, criteria, tools and methods for assessing the stability of each determinant and identifies problem areas. In practice, the assessment of the sustainability of different elements of a business is most often carried out separately from each other without taking into account their interdependence and mutual influence, which has negative consequences for balancing the strategic goals of the enterprise. The article proposes the use of a “cross-cutting” approach in assessing the sustainability of basic determinants and their integration with the global goals of sustainable development. The authors propose an element-by-element composition of the complex system of determinants (CSD), as well as describe and illustrate the three-level scheme of the relationship between the CSD and the global sustainable development goals in a structured way. The first and second levels represent global goals of sustainable development, grouped by their focus (economic, environmental, social). The third internal level (core) of the scheme is an economic entity with a set of determinants to be evaluated for their resistance to external and internal influences. The article lists the advantages of the integration of sustainable development goals in the business strategy of enterprises, which ensure the success of the business entity. В текущей ситуации, связанной с наступлением широкомасштабного экономического кризиса, вызванного коронавирусной пандемией, когда одновременно остановились производство, финансовые рынки, потребительский спрос на товары и услуги, концепция сохранения и развития устойчивости бизнеса становится все более актуальной. С меньшими потерями имеют шанс выйти из кризиса те предприятия, которые смогут своевременно выстроить модели жизнеспособного бизнеса. Ориентация стратегий развития организаций на глобальные цели устойчивого развития, принятые мировым бизнес-сообществом, дает существенные преимущества для компаний и повышает стабильность бизнеса. Исследования международных консультантов показывают, что у российских компаний еще не сформировано полноценного понимания важности и необходимости использования целей устойчивого развития в своих стратегических и операционных планах. Авторами статьи рассматривается пять детерминант, образующих, по мнению авторов, комплексную систему: интеллектуальная; финансовая, информационная, экологическая и ситуационная устойчивость. Дается краткая характеристика выделенных детерминант, анализируются результаты исследований зарубежных и отечественных ученых, приводятся отдельные показатели, критерии, инструменты и методы для оценки устойчивости каждой детерминанты, а также идентифицируются проблемные области. На практике оценка устойчивости разных элементов бизнеса чаще всего проводится обособленно друг от друга, без учета их взаимозависимости и взаимного влияния, что имеет негативные последствия для сбалансированности стратегических целей развития предприятия. В статье предложено использование «сквозного» подхода при оценке устойчивости базовых детерминант и их интеграции с глобальными целями устойчивого развития. Структурированно описан и проиллюстрирован поэлементный состав предлагаемой авторами комплексной системы детерминант (КСД) и трехуровневой схемы связи КСД с глобальными целями устойчивого развития. На первом и втором уровнях — глобальные цели устойчивого развития, сгруппированные по их направленности (экономические, экологические, социальные). Третьим внутренним уровнем (ядром) схемы является хозяйствующий субъект с набором детерминант, подлежащих оценке их устойчивости к внешним и внутренним воздействиям. Сформулированы преимущества интеграции целей устойчивого развития в бизнес-стратегии предприятий, обеспечивающие успешность деятельности хозяйствующего субъекта.

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  • The issues of implementing effective measures to reduce losses during the operation of power electrical equipment are of particular practical interest for electric grid and industrial enterprises. In nominal and close to them modes, power transformers have a fairly high coefficient of performance (COP). However, the efficiency of autotransformers depends on many factors due to their design features. In this study, the authors propose a method for improving the energy efficiency of autotransformers while optimizing the functioning of their cooling system in order to reduce operating losses for electric drives of pumps and fans of forced cooling systems using an autotransformer with a rated power of 125 MVA as an example. Вопросы внедрения эффективных мероприятий по снижению потерь при эксплуатации силового электрооборудования представляют практический интерес для электросетевых и промышленных предприятий. В номинальных и близких к ним режимах силовые трансформаторы обладают высоким коэффициентом полезного действия (КПД). Однако из-за конструктивных особенностей автотрансформаторов их КПД зависит от многих факторов. На примере автотрансформатора АТДЦТН-125000/220/110-У1 номинальной мощностью 125 МВ·А предложен способ повышения энергоэффективности при оптимизации функционирования их системы охлаждения с целью снижения эксплуатационных потерь на электроприводы насосов и вентиляторов систем принудительного охлаждения. Энергетик, Выпуск 5 2023, Pages 19-21

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  • The article presents a study of information technologies implementations for energy saving. The study provides an analysis of cloud platforms used in the energy sector. Most platforms are used to increase equipment load factors, diagnose it, or integrate the energy infrastructure of individual systems into large systems. The article discusses the role of man in the process of improving energy efficiency, as there is a need to introduce such measures in modern energy, which can motivate consumers to save energy. The relationship between the use of information technology and energy saving has been determined. The main directions of the use of digital and information technologies for the organization of a motivational energy-saving platform are defined. The structure and information interaction within the framework of the energy saving platform based on the Internet of things has been determined. Редставлено исследование внедрения информационных технологий для энергосбережения. В исследовании приводится анализ облачных платформ, используемых в энергетике. Большинство платформ применяется для увеличения коэффициентов загрузки оборудования, его диагностики или интеграции энергетической инфраструктуры отдельных систем в большие системы. Рассматривается роль человека в процессе повышения энергоэффективности, так как в современной энергетике появляется необходимость внедрения таких мер, которые смогут мотивировать потребителя к энергосбережению. Определены взаимосвязь применения информационных технологий и энергосбережения, основные направления использования цифровых и информационных технологий для организации мотивационной платформы энергосбережения, структура и информационное взаимодействие в рамках платформы энергосбережения на основе интернета вещей. №2(1063) (2020)

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    Authors: Galina, Bityaeva; Mergen, Sangadzhiev;

    The Republic of Kalmykia is rich in solar energy, where the sun shines for more than three-quarters of a year. In addition to solar energy, wind energy can be used in the region. Since agriculture is the major branch of the economy in the Republic, waste from it can be used as biogas. This paper discusses the use of renewable energy sources in protected areas where additional noise devices and aggregates cannot be used. Also, the use of high-voltage power lines can lead to fires, and they occupy part of the useful area of nature reserves, so additional maintenance is required. To solve this problem, we analyzed the current state of the reserve for the protection of saiga lands in Kalmykia. The questions of insolation depending on the seasons and day-night characteristics are also investigated. The materials were the results of expedition routes conducted in recent years in the Black Lands reserve, data from cordons. The obtained materials will make it possible to use non-traditional types of energy for lighting cordons, hunting and tourist areas, in particular, the use of solar modules of different designs. To promote specially protected areas and the use of solar energy.

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    Authors: Atlant E. Nurpeiis;

    The numerical simulation of heat transfer was conducted in a cascade of thermosyphons representing a system for extracting geothermal energy from great depths. We proposed a mathematical model of heat transfer in the coolant layer on the bottom cover of a thermosyphon and in the vapor channel differing from the well-known ones by a simplified description of the complex of thermophysical processes occurring in the evaporation, transport and condensation zones of the thermosyphon. The aim of this work is to develop a simplified method for calculating temperature fields in a cascade of thermosyphons, which makes it possible to conduct design and experimental work to create the systems for extracting geothermal energy based on a cascade of thermosyphons. The boundary problem of mathematical physics was solved by the method of finite differences. We showed the possibility to analyze the main characteristics – temperatures – within the framework of the model of «effective» thermal conductivity. The transfer coefficients of this model can be determined experimentally. We found the possibility of heat transfer from large depths with «efficiency» sufficient to achieve temperatures of about 330 K in the heat supply system when the external contour (thermosyphon surfaces) is completely thermally insulated. The results obtained are the basis for the further development of models and methods for analyzing geothermal energy extraction from great depths using a cascade of sequentially operating thermosyphons. According to the obtained theoretical results, the main directions of experimental studies were formulated to justify the conclusions made by the results of a numerical analysis. The results of numerical simulation provide grounds for concluding that the future (experimental and theoretical) development of a method for extracting geothermal energy from large depths of groundwater using a cascade of thermosyphons is promising.

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  • Данная работа посвящена разработке концепции энергоснабжения индивидуального дома с нулевым потреблением энергии, учитывающей климатические показатели района строительства. Задачи, которые решались в ходе исследования: 1. Систематизация и анализ существующих исследований в области объектов энергоэффективного жилищного строительства. 2. Оценка возобновляемых источников энергии, таких как солнечная, ветровая, воздушная и геотермальная энергетика. 3. Разработка процедуры подбора эффективной системы энергоснабжения пассивного дома. 4. Проверка алгоритма подбора эффективной системы энергоснабжения пассивного дома в России. 5. Определение экономических показателей системы энергоснабжения индивидуального дома с нулевым потреблением энергии для каждого из трех выбранных регионов. Проанализировав существующие концепции энергоэффективных домов и использование возобновляемых источников энергии на территории России, было решено, что необходимо предложить такую концепцию энергоснабжения пассивного дома, которая включает в себя совместную работу геотермального насоса и солнечных панелей. На основании оценки эффективности солнечной и геотермальной энергетики был разработан алгоритм побора эффективной системы энергоснабжения дома с нулевым потреблением энергии. Далее была произведена проверка алгоритма побора эффективной системы энергоснабжения пассивного дома для трех выбранных регионов, расположенных в России. С помощью сайта Photovoltaic geographical information system были выбраны три города, где наиболее оптимально устанавливать солнечные панели: Владивосток, Иркутск и Петропавловск-Камчатский. Для частных домов c площадью отапливаемых помещений 90 м2, расположенных во Владивостоке, Иркутске и Петропавловске-Камчатском была подобрана геотермальная и солнечная установка, а также рассчитана стоимость данного оборудования и его сроки окупаемости. Кроме того, было определено экономически оптимальное количество солнечных панелей для трех рассматриваемых городов. This work is devoted to the development of the concept of energy supply for an individual house with zero energy consumption, taking into account the climatic indicators of the construction area. The research set the following goals: 1. Systematization and analysis of existing research in the field of energy efficient housing construction. 2. Assessment of renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, air and geothermal energy. 3. Development of a procedure for selecting an efficient power supply system for a passive house. 4. Checking the algorithm for selecting an efficient power supply system for a passive house in Russia. 5. Determination of economic indicators of the energy supply system of an individual house with zero energy consumption for each of the three selected regions. After analyzing the existing concepts of energy efficient houses and the use of renewable energy sources in Russia, it was decided to propose such a concept for the energy supply of a passive house, which includes the combined work of a geothermal pump and solar panels. Based on the evaluation of the efficiency of solar and geothermal energy, an algorithm for selecting an efficient energy supply system for a house with zero energy consumption was developed. Next, the algorithm for selecting an efficient power supply system for a passive house was tested for three selected regions located in Russia. With the Photovoltaic geographical information system website, three cities were selected where it is most optimal to install solar panels: Vladivostok, Irkutsk and Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. For private houses with a heated area of 90 m2, located in Vladivostok, Irkutsk and Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, a geothermal and solar installation was selected, and the cost of this equipment and its payback period were calculated. In addition, the economically optimal number of solar panels for the three cities under consideration was determined.

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  • The article conducts research and development of methodological apparatus, assessing the level of sustainability of the regional transport and logistics infrastructure. The article indicates that the most important indicator when organizing transport and logistics support will be the indicator of its level of sustainability. The issue of transport and logistics sustainability related to the peculiarities of improving regional socio-economic infrastructure, including the implementation of regional infrastructure projects, is also emphasized. В статье проводятся исследования и разработка методического аппарата, оценки уровня устойчивости региональной транспортно-логистической инфраструктуры. В статье указывается, что наиболее важное значение при организации транспортно-логистического обеспечения будет иметь показатель его уровня устойчивости. Также акцентируется проблематика транспортно-логистической устойчивости связанная с особенностями совершенствования региональной социально-экономической инфраструктуры, в том числе при реализации региональных инфраструктурных проектов. Экономика и предпринимательство, Выпуск 10 (159) 2023, Pages 672-675

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  • The uneven production and consumption of oil in the world economy continues to grow, with demand and supply for products increasingly shifting to developing countries. The Asia-Pacific region and the countries of Southeast Asia, in the medium term, will become a key center in world oil refining, which is associated with high rates of economic growth, population growth and the fleet of vehicles in the countries of the region. Under the influence of the main trends in the development of the world oil market, as well as due to the policies of developed countries aimed at the application of environmental and energy-efficient technologies, the structure of production of oil products in the world is gradually changing. So, in this regard, the demand for light and medium distillates and LNG is growing in the Asia-Pacific countries, and the demand for heavy is falling. According to experts, gas demand will grow faster than oil. The key drivers of this growth are environmental friendliness and low cost in comparison to other fossil fuels. In Asia and the Middle East, gas generation will replace coal and oil, respectively. Gas consumption will grow, another driver of the growth of generating gas capacities is the fears of many countries about the safety and reliability of the nuclear power industry. In addition to the electric power industry, due to population growth, gas consumption in the housing sector and industry will increase. The Middle East, the only major producer of low-cost oil, will remain the center of global oil production in the long run. Неравномерность производства и потребления нефти в мировой экономике продолжает нарастать, спрос и предложение на продукцию всё более смещается в развивающиеся страны. Азиатско-Тихоокеанский регион и страны Юго-Восточной Азии, в среднесрочной перспективе, станут ключевым центром в мировой нефтепереработке, что связано с высокими темпами роста экономики, прироста населения и парка транспортных средств в странах региона. Под влиянием основных тенденций развития мирового рынка нефти, а также вследствие политики развитых стран, направленных на применение экологических и энергоэффективных технологий, структура производства потребления продукции нефтепереработки в мире постепенно изменяется. Так, в связи с этим в странах АТР растёт спрос на легкие и средние дистилляты и СПГ, а спрос на тяжелые падает. По оценкам экспертов спрос на газ будет расти быстрее, чем на нефть. Ключевыми факторами этого роста стали экологичность и низкая стоимость относительно других ископаемых видов топлива. В Азии и на Ближнем Востоке газовая генерация будет заменять угольную и нефтяную соответственно. Потребление газа будет расти, еще один драйвер роста генерирующих газовых мощностей - опасения многих стран по поводу безопасности и надежности атомной электроэнергетики. Помимо электроэнергетики, в связи с ростом населения будут расти объемы потребления газа в секторе ЖКХ и промышленности. Ближний Восток, единственный крупный производитель недорогой нефти, в долгосрочной перспективе останется центром мировой нефтедобычи ВОПРОСЫ СТРУКТУРИЗАЦИИ ЭКОНОМИКИ, Выпуск 4 (79) 2020, Pages 102-106

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  • Тема выпускной квалификационной работы: «Научно-исследовательский институт с энергоэффективными ограждающими конструкциями». Цель выпускной квалификационной работы: разработать проект геологического научно-исследовательского института, подобрать наиболее оптимальную с энергетической и экономической точки зрения ограждающую конструкцию. Задачи, решаемые в ходе работы: 1. Разработка разделов проектной документации в соответствии с Постановлением Правительства РФ от 16 февраля 2008 г. â„– 87 «О составе разделов проектной документации и требованиях к их содержанию»; 2. Разработка энергетической модели здания (BEM) с ограждающими конструкциями â„–1; 3. Разработка энергетической модели здания (BEM) с ограждающими конструкциями â„–2; 4. Разработка энергетической модели здания (BEM) с ограждающими конструкциями â„–3; 5. Теплотехнический расчет и расчет теплопотерь; 6. Экономический анализ; Поставленные задачи решались при помощи информационного и энергетического моделирования в ПК Revit. Разработана документация на проектируемый объект, а также энергетическая модель здания (BEM) с разными ограждающими конструкциями, подобрана оптимальная с точки зрения энергетической эффективности и экономической целесообразности использования ограждающая конструкция для здания НИИ – ограждающая стена «мокрый фасад». Theme of final qualification work: "Research Institute with energy-efficient building envelopes." The purpose of the final qualification work: to develop a project of a geological research institute, to select the most optimal building envelope from an energy and economic point of view. Tasks solved in the course of work: 1. Development of sections of project documentation in accordance with Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of February 16, 2008 No. 87 «On the composition of sections of project documentation and requirements for their content»; 2. Development of the energy model of the building (BEM) with building envelope No.1; 3. Development of the energy model of the building (BEM) with building envelope No.2; 4. Development of the energy model of the building (BEM) with building envelope No.3; 5. Thermotechnical calculation and calculation of heat loss; 6. Economic analysis. The tasks were solved using information and energy modeling in Revit PC. The documentation for the projected object, as well as the energy model of the building (BEM) with various building envelopes, was developed, and the optimal building envelope for the building of the research institute, the “wet facade” wall, was selected in terms of energy efficiency and economic feasibility.

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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/

    It is substantiated that energy resource approach to person’s education is based on syntagma of the three grounds: phenomenon of a person as a fount of personal energy resources; education of a person as naturally and socially determined phenomenon, which is characterized by development of personal energy resources aroused by interchange of information with setting; consolidation of social influence on education of a person. Обосновано, что энергоресурсный подход к образованию человека базируется на синтагме трех оснований: феномене человека как развивающегося кладезя личных энергоресурсов; образовании человека как природоопределенном и социально обусловленном явлении, характеризующемся развитием личных энергоресурсов, происходящем вследствие обмена информаций с окружением; консолидации социального влияния на образование человека.

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  • Authors: Gorshkova, Ludmila; Sandulyak, Svetlana;

    In the current situation associated with the onset of the widespread economic crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, when production, financial markets, consumer demand for goods and services stopped at the same time, the concept of maintaining and developing business sustainability is becoming increasingly relevant. With fewer losses, those enterprises that can build viable business models in a timely manner have a chance to overcome the crisis. Orientation of organizations’ development strategies to the global sustainable development goals adopted by the global business community provides significant benefits for companies and increases business stability. Studies by international consultants show that Russian companies have not yet developed a full understanding of the importance and necessity of using sustainable development goals in their strategic and operational plans. The authors of the article consider five determinants that form, according to the authors, a complex system: intellectual; financial, informational, environmental and situational sustainability. The paper presents a brief description of the identified determinants and analyzes the research results of foreign and domestic scientists. It provides individual indicators, criteria, tools and methods for assessing the stability of each determinant and identifies problem areas. In practice, the assessment of the sustainability of different elements of a business is most often carried out separately from each other without taking into account their interdependence and mutual influence, which has negative consequences for balancing the strategic goals of the enterprise. The article proposes the use of a “cross-cutting” approach in assessing the sustainability of basic determinants and their integration with the global goals of sustainable development. The authors propose an element-by-element composition of the complex system of determinants (CSD), as well as describe and illustrate the three-level scheme of the relationship between the CSD and the global sustainable development goals in a structured way. The first and second levels represent global goals of sustainable development, grouped by their focus (economic, environmental, social). The third internal level (core) of the scheme is an economic entity with a set of determinants to be evaluated for their resistance to external and internal influences. The article lists the advantages of the integration of sustainable development goals in the business strategy of enterprises, which ensure the success of the business entity. В текущей ситуации, связанной с наступлением широкомасштабного экономического кризиса, вызванного коронавирусной пандемией, когда одновременно остановились производство, финансовые рынки, потребительский спрос на товары и услуги, концепция сохранения и развития устойчивости бизнеса становится все более актуальной. С меньшими потерями имеют шанс выйти из кризиса те предприятия, которые смогут своевременно выстроить модели жизнеспособного бизнеса. Ориентация стратегий развития организаций на глобальные цели устойчивого развития, принятые мировым бизнес-сообществом, дает существенные преимущества для компаний и повышает стабильность бизнеса. Исследования международных консультантов показывают, что у российских компаний еще не сформировано полноценного понимания важности и необходимости использования целей устойчивого развития в своих стратегических и операционных планах. Авторами статьи рассматривается пять детерминант, образующих, по мнению авторов, комплексную систему: интеллектуальная; финансовая, информационная, экологическая и ситуационная устойчивость. Дается краткая характеристика выделенных детерминант, анализируются результаты исследований зарубежных и отечественных ученых, приводятся отдельные показатели, критерии, инструменты и методы для оценки устойчивости каждой детерминанты, а также идентифицируются проблемные области. На практике оценка устойчивости разных элементов бизнеса чаще всего проводится обособленно друг от друга, без учета их взаимозависимости и взаимного влияния, что имеет негативные последствия для сбалансированности стратегических целей развития предприятия. В статье предложено использование «сквозного» подхода при оценке устойчивости базовых детерминант и их интеграции с глобальными целями устойчивого развития. Структурированно описан и проиллюстрирован поэлементный состав предлагаемой авторами комплексной системы детерминант (КСД) и трехуровневой схемы связи КСД с глобальными целями устойчивого развития. На первом и втором уровнях — глобальные цели устойчивого развития, сгруппированные по их направленности (экономические, экологические, социальные). Третьим внутренним уровнем (ядром) схемы является хозяйствующий субъект с набором детерминант, подлежащих оценке их устойчивости к внешним и внутренним воздействиям. Сформулированы преимущества интеграции целей устойчивого развития в бизнес-стратегии предприятий, обеспечивающие успешность деятельности хозяйствующего субъекта.

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