• Energy Research
• 7. Clean energy close
• 13. Climate action close
• 11. Sustainability close
• Energy Procedia close

AbstractThe increment of energy costs and decreasing prices of turbines generator and photovoltaic (PV) panels caused photovoltaic/wind hybrid system (PWHS) utilization is becoming popular. This paper presents a new topology of PWHS. It is consists of two main parts: the cooling system for photovoltaic module and the combination method of Savonius and Darrieus for wind turbine. The PWHS is installed in front of Centre of Excellence for Renewable Energy (CERE), University Malaysia Perlis, Northern Malaysia. The main energy source of this system is gain from PV array and wind power generation. It is well known that the power and efficiency of photovoltaic (PV) module usually falls at the rate of ∼0.5%/°C and ∼0.05%/°C respectively as increase of ambient temperature. The electrical efficiency of PV cell depends on its operating temperature during absorption of solar radiation. For this reason, an active PV cooling system was design using the DC brushless fan with inlet/outlet manifold for uniform airflow distribution. It was attached at the back of the PV panel. Where else, the improvement of wind is using Vertical Axis Hybrid Wind Turbine (VAWT) through the combination method of Savonius and Darrieus types. From the results, it shows that the improvement of PWHS give the big advantages in term of supply the energy in Perlis.

AbstractState of the art technologies like air-to-water heat pumps have become popular because of their high efficiencies and their supply by electricity rather than by gas or oil. As a direct result of this supply substitution and due to high load- shifting potential, electricity demand of heat pumps have to be taken into account into energy management strategies of the overall building. In this paper a new controller is discussed, which has predictive and adaptive properties and is able to optimize the running-times of non-modulating heat pumps.

Abstract Global primary energy consumption will continue to increase with a high rate to 2050, which will be a big challenge for countries to meet both global and regional energy demand. Pumped storage stations (PSS) integrated to a hybrid power system (HPS) with solar and wind power for China are under construction to tussle with this challenge. Historically, modeling of a PSS integrated HPS has been ignored the interaction effect between the shaft vibration and the governing strategies, which will increase the dynamic risk of PSS disconnected immediately to HPS. Here we unify the models of the hydro-turbine governing system and hydro-turbine generator units with a novel expression of hydraulic forces. We quantize all the parameter’s interaction contributions of PSS integration to HPS and validate this model with the existing models. Finally, we show the feasibility of PSS’s model in integrating of a HPS under steady and fault scenarios.

Abstract We performed a sensitivity analysis of parameters of a CCS system with pressure relief well by design of experiments (DOE), and subsequently calculated optimal well spacing and well controls by response surface methodology (RSM). A reservoir sector model of the direct line-drive pattern for 25 years CO 2 injection with one pair of wells was constructed. Additionally, an associated pump energy calculation model was made to calculate PEU (total pump energy consumption divided by cumulative CO 2 injected) as an indicator of energy efficiency of the pump. With this workflow of simplification of modelling and calculation, we can obtain important information about the parameters at less computational cost.

AbstractThe European Union aspires to reducing the import dependency of raw materials that are critical to its industries. In this respect, mineral resource information and data sharing by European Geological Surveys is crucial. In 2010, the European Commission identified 14 critical non-energy non-agricultural raw materials. This list was updated in 2014. This article presents the Critical Raw Material (CRM) Map of Europe produced by EuroGeoSurvey's Mineral Resources Expert Group. This map shows European mineral deposits from the EU FP7 ProMine project database, as containing critical commodities, according to the list of CRM published by the European Commission.

AbstractThis paper demonstrates the potential of the quartzite as an economic and efficient filler material in thermal oil direct thermocline storage system. This natural rock appears as a good candidate for thermal energy storage by sensible heat up to 350°C.In the present study, many experiences were conducted in order to choose the best rock among five varieties (quartzite, basalt, granite, hornfels and marble) which are found abundant in Morocco. The optimal rock was selected according to various criteria such as surface characteristics, porosity, density, calorific capacity, hardness, mechanical resistance. The chosen rock should also provide a thermal stability during energy exchange with the heat transfer fluid (HTF). It should be noted that choice of the rocks as a filler material may reduce the quantity of the HTF used for charging and discharging the thermal energy. Hence, the shrinkage of tank volume by thermocline sensible heat storage system using rocks as filler materials allows reducing the cost with an increase in the efficiency of the system.

AbstractA metal-organic framework, UiO-66, has been evaluated as adsorbent in a post-combustion vacuum swing adsorption (VSA) process. Equilibrium isotherms of the most relevant gases (CO2 and N2) as well as breakthrough curves measured using synthetic flue gas containing 15 mol% CO2 without and with 9 mol% water vapor are reported. Based on the breakthrough data, a six step one-column VSA cycle is designed and the effects of adsorption and CO2 rinse times used on the CO2 recovery and CO2 purity are examined. With the chosen process configuration and cycle design CO2 purities around 60% and CO2 recoveries up to 70% are achieved. 50 cycle adsorption-desorption experiments show that the cyclic CO2 capacity is reduced by approximately 25% in the presence of water vapor. No reduction in cyclic capacity is observed with increased cycle number; there is rather a slight increase in cyclic capacity with cycle number indicating that a cyclic steady state still not has been reached after 50 cycles.

AbstractSolar energy is abundant and capable of providing much of our energy needs. It has several uses: photovoltaic, biomass (wood energy, biogas, biofuel), daylighting. For each use, its potential depends on the match between the spectral response of the collector (silicon, retina photoreceptors.) and the local solar spectrum. Increasing the performance of solar technologies by making the most of its spectrum (sun plus sky), requires a better understanding of its long term variations.Radiative Transfer Models (RTMs) could be used to produce routinely the spectral irradiance received in the plane of a solar collector and build this climatology, anywhere on earth. The accuracy of RTMs depends on how well daily atmospheric constituents are known at the site. This information is becoming available from satellite data. Spectral measurements are needed to validate the use of RTMs with satellite derived atmospheric information.Since 1992, ENTPE has been maintaining in Lyon, France, a measuring station specialized in daylight (http://idmp.entpe.fr/vaulx/mesfr.htm). This station is part of the IDMP network of the CIE (International Commission of Illumination). In 2012, we have decided to add continuous spectral measurements to our station. We chose to measure the spectral irradiance in 5 planes useful for daylight and photovoltaic applications: 1 direct (perpendicular to the sun), 4 global (horizontal, vertical north, vertical east, south inclined at 45°). We decided to use 5 spectrometers (Ocean Optics USB 650/4000) coupled to optical fibers fitted with diffusers.This paper describes the measurement system, the calibration of its components, the error characterization related to the sun tracker, the optical fibers and the spectrometers. It also provides an outline of the automatic quality control which takes full benefit of the other measurements of the station (global illuminance on horizontal and vertical planes, direct normal irradiance). These measurements will be used (1) to validate atmospheric information from satellites as well as RTMs, (2) to produce long term variations of the solar spectrum in Lyon, France.