• Energy Research
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The results obtained in the linking process are shown with society as one of the substantive activities, in the period 2021-2022 carried out by students of the Electrical Engineering career. The project encouraged students to train a group of people through practical methodologies to have minimum knowledge related to energy efficiency and renewable energy sources. The qualitative and quantitative method was used, which allowed describing the results of the survey without altering their respective variables. The population was made up of 45 people belonging to various cantons of the province of Manabí, such as Flavio Alfaro, Bahía de Caráquez, el Carmen, 24 de Mayo, Chone, Santa Ana, Rocafuerte and different places in the canton of Portoviejo, and province of Orellana, which were selected at random, the preparation of the didactic material was carried out. Among the results, it was highlighted that the participants did not know how energy can help the environment, but nevertheless they were aware that energy is related to the environment and dependence on society.

Today, increasing energy demands, stringent regulations on fossil fuel-based emissions, and concerns related to energy-security make it imperative to search for alternative sources. In Central Highlands, agricultural biomass-based renewable sources are attractive alternatives to material-based feedstocks for energy. The aim of this paper is to identify the available agricultural residues, such as coffee, rice, corn, sugar cane residues…, to evaluate the potential for energy. The general study method blends semi structured interviews, observation and interpretation to form an effective approach to gain an overall understanding of the research object. A pilot survey scheme is conducted among 337 famers in 10 districts /cities of Daklak province. Through the result of study, by 2015, the total weight of potential agricultural residues is around 818.1 thousand tons/year that could generate around 277.7 million liters of Etanol or heat quantity of 14 million TJ/year.

The electricity demand of the world has crossed 25 trillion Kwatts and increasing further continuously. The major contribution of conventional sources fulfills this demand. The fossil fuels use is continuously increasing over the years with developments of many countries. Use of conventional fuel is hazardous as it created pollution on the other hand the sources of such fuel are limited. To overcome these problems renewables technology is very effective and the only alternative. Renewable technology is going to through modifications for improvements in performance with considerations of various alternate technologies. Authors have designed and implemented the solar based streetlight. The study carried out to understand the potential of solar energy and results are presented in this paper.

Fossil energy (petroleum, coal, natural gas) is a double-edged sword; on the one hand its energy is fuel for development, but on the other hand, its residue contributes to global warming and climate change. Renewable energy as an antithesis of fossil energy is an alternative to answer the problem of the use of fossil energy that is considered unfriendly to the earth. Indonesia as an archipelagic country has an abundance of renewable energy resources that are ready to develop its potential to implement environmentally sensitive development policies. In 2016, LAKPESDAM-PBNU, Center for Energy Studies UGM, Center for Economic Democratic Studies, and Center for Civic Engagement Studies had the opportunity to develop renewable energy systems in three locations, one of which is Rawasari Village, in Jambi. This paper aims to provide an evaluation of the energy system development policy which contains an overview of the dynamics, opportunities, and challenges of the implementation of renewable energy to encourage energy diversification and independence as part of supporting Indonesia's development from the villages.

Informal financial services (IFSs) provide various types of investment avenues for both rural and urban populations in Zambia. This paper is a critical review of the sustainability of various informal investment typologies Zambians has been using and adopting to increase their financial resources and solve their livelihoods and social issues in the process. An evaluation of why people and organizations opt for specific financial services that come in the form of savings and lending groups will be discussed in detail to understand if they have been meeting people's expectations. The paper derives its data from various studies in the past 10 years that emanates from Zambia and Sub-Saharan Africa. While the sustainability of various typologies of informal financial services is broad, they are measured through risks associated, savings policies adopted, group loan guarantees and flexibility, interest and transactional expenses enforcement, income-generating, wealth creation and any social capital investment. The research reveals that limited studies have looked at various typologies of savings and lending groups, including evaluating their sustainability. This study helps in decision making for anyone or organization who would want to join or start a savings group in Zambia and key parameters to follow.

Munculnya bank sampah sebagai upaya penerapan dari UU No18 thn 2008, merupakan suatu cara pengelolaan sampah dalam aksi nyata melalui gerakkan 3R (reduce, reuse, recycle) dengan melibatkan langsung masyarakat. Untuk pemerintah sendiri, bank sampah menjadi langkah awal yang baik untuk melakukan pemberdayaan masyarakat dalam memperlakukan sampah sebagai sesuatu yang mempunyai nilai guna dan manfaat. Program bank sampah yang diberdayakan di Indonesia tentunya diharapkan dapat memberikan sebuah sistem yang efektif dan efisien sehingga proses bisnis dari bank sampah yang diselenggarakan dapat maksimal. Sistem yang efektif dan efisien ini terangkum dalam suatu proses yang dikenal dengan proses adaptabilitas. Adaptabilitas bank sampah adalah kemampuan sistem bank sampah untuk bereaksi secara positip ketika proses atau kondisi faktor kunci mengalami Perubahan. Belum adanya penelitian mengenai sistem pengukuran adaptabilitas bank sampah di Indonesia, maka makalah ini menyajikan suatu ide model konseptual untuk mengukur adaptabilitas bank sampah, dengan harapan akan terbentuk pemahaman yang mendalam dari keseluruhan permasalahan atau sistem elemen yang membentuk sistem adaptabilitas bank sampah. Jika sistem adaptabilitas ini kelak bisa teramati dan terukur, maka akan berguna bagi pengambilan keputusan dalam pengalokasian sumber daya dan membuat perencanaan keberlanjutan dalam proses manajemen bank sampah. The emergence of garbage banks as an effort to implement UU No18, 2008, is a method of waste management in a real action through the 3Rs (reduce, reuse, recycle) by involving the public directly. For the government, a garbage bank is a good initial step for community empowerment in treating waste as something of value and beneficial. Garbage bank program empowered in Indonesia is, of course, expected to provide an effective and efficient system so that the business processes of the program can be maximized. The effective and efficient system is encapsulated in a process known as adaptability process. The adaptability of a garbage bank is the capability of a garbage bank system to react positively when the process or condition of key factors changes. The absence of research on the measurement of garbage bank adaptability system in Indonesia has given an idea to present this paper which is a conceptual model for measuring it, in hopes to form a deep understanding of the whole problem or element system that make up the adaptability system of a garbage bank. If the adaptability of this system can be observed and measured, in the future it will be useful for decision making in the allocation of resources and sustainability planning process of garbage bank management.

Humus is a substance that is created from the decomposition of plant residues with the help of beneficial microorganisms (fungi and bacteria) present in the surface layer of soil, with a massive amorphous consistency, homogeneous and dark in color due to a large amount of carbon it contains, and which is essential to sustain the total soil ecosystem since it helps maintain available nutrients for the plants. The objectives achieved are the elaboration of organic humus from vegetable residues within the homes, to generate a product that contributes to the improvement of the soil, through the methodology of the surveys, favorable results were obtained for the realization of the organic humus, in the same way, it concludes that by elaborating organic humus, the plants have better growth and therefore it is an aid to the environment since through this technique we can reduce and apply the use of vegetable residues, which will become organic matter and reach to reduce pollution in all homes, contribute to the soil and restore the proper nutrients to obtain adequate fertilization without the increase of chemicals harmful to humans.

Energy poverty is a growing global challenge with significant adverse effects on well-being and health. However, its social impacts on vulnerable population in deprived communities have been largely ignored. Consequently, this study examines the social-economic impacts of energy poverty among women and students in Esa Oke, a hilly and rural and energy-deprived community in southwestern Nigeria. A cross-sectional survey design approach was adopted, while purposive and random sampling technique was used in selecting respondents. Findings from the study revealed differences in energy consumption behaviour of women and students in rural settings; while women adopt traditional biomass for cooking, students adopt modern energy services. Additionally, the impacts of poor energy access differ per women and students. For instance, on one hand, the use of traditional biomass significantly affects rural women's health, as the majority (95%) of women respondents reported exposure to emissions through indirect combustion of fuelwood. On the other hand, students' academic performance and academic activities were significantly disrupted due to the poor electricity supply in the area. Based on the foregoing, the study recommends an inclusive rural energy policy that captures all social groups affected by energy poverty.

The main objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of development Simantri programs in Bangli. This research is a descriptive study conducted in five villages / group of program participants Simantri 2010. Data were analyzed quantitatively by using the scores and to determine the factors associated with the characteristics of farmers effectiveness Simantri program development using chi-square analysis. The results found Simantri program development in Bangli regency enough evektif, social and economic support program development efforts of farmers to be categorized Simantri strong, factors related to the characteristics of a real farmer with the development effectiveness Simantri are age, family size,and level of education of farmers.

Higher Education Institutions increasingly include sustainable development concepts in their programs to teach their students about sustainability. This tendency is encouraged by the Sustainable Development Goals. Today's technological age implies concerns about sustainability including ethical decision-making and responsible behavior of organizations and leaders. Moreover, the Covid-19 pandemic impacted sustainable development and highlighted the need for a more sustainable future. Sustainability can positively change value culture, the environment, and improve the quality of life. Although incorporating sustainability into the curriculum creates challenges for universities, it can also offer opportunities for educational institutions. Universities have an important role to play in the transition towards sustainability. They must not only incorporate the concept into research and teaching but also implement it on campus. This review article provides a brief overview of sustainable development in higher education institutions and discusses how universities adopt and apply sustainability principles. It also explores how sustainability can be integrated into various disciplines and sheds light on students' and academics' attitudes toward Education for Sustainability.