• Energy Research
• 13. Climate action close
• 11. Sustainability close
• 14. Life underwater close
• Indonesian close

Kemiri sunan (Reutealis trisperma (Blanco) Airy Shaw) merupakan salah satu jenis tanaman penghasil minyak nabati yang memiliki potensi besar sebagai sumber bahan baku untuk biodiesel. Tingkat produktivitas yang dapat mencapai 8-9 ton minyak kasar atau setara dengan 6-8 ton biodiesel/ha/tahun memiliki nilai strategis terkait dengan program pemerintah dalam mencari alternatif sumber energi baru yang terbarukan. Pengembangan sumber energi terbarukan seperti yang berasal dari minyak nabati kemiri sunan merupakan salah satu alternatif dalam upaya memenuhi defisit energi untuk keperluan domestik sehingga Indonesia dapat keluar dari himpitan krisis energi. Lahan-lahan yang telah terdegradasi di Indonesia dari tahun ke tahun luasnya semakin bertambah baik karena faktor alam maupun karena eksploitasi yang tidak terkendali. Disisi lain pengembangan tanaman sumber BBN terkendala karena keterbatasan lahan. Kajian yang telah dilakukan secara intensif terhadap karakteristik tanaman, minyak dan biodiesel yang dihasilkannya, serta daya adaptasinya yang sangat luas terhadap beragam agroekosistem yang ada di Indonesia, tanaman kemiri sunan memberikan harapan yang baik disamping sebagai sumber bahan baku biodiesel, juga dapat berfungsi sebagai tanaman konservasi untuk mereklamasi lahan-lahan marginal yang telah terdegradasi. Disamping itu, pengembangan tanaman kemiri sunan di lahan yang telah terdegradasi tidak hanya akan dapat meningkatkan nilai ekonomi lahan tersebut, tetapi juga dapat dijadikan tanaman yang bernilai ekonomi tinggi, serta mampu menyediakan kebutuhan energi bagi masyarakat sekitar maupun ke wilayah yang lebih luas. The Multiple Benefits of Developing Kemiri Sunan (Reutealis trisperma (Blanco) Airy Shaw) In Degraded LandKemiri sunan (Reutealis trisperma (Blanco) Airy Shaw) is one kind of vegetable oil crops that have great potential as a source of raw material for biodiesel. The productivity level that can reach 8-9 tons of crude oil, equivalent to 6-8 tons of biodiesel/ha/year make as a strategic commodity associated with government programs to find alternative sources of renewable energy. Development of renewable energy such as from vegetable oils of kemiri sunan is one of the alternatives in an effort to solve the deficit of energy for domestic use so that Indonesia can way out of the crush of the energy crisis. Lands that have been degraded in Indonesia continuously increasing both cause of the extent of natural factors and uncontrolled exploitation. On the other hand the development of this plants retricted by aviability of land. The research88 Volume 14 Nomor 2, Des 2015 : 87 - 101 studies have been conducted on the characteristics of plants, oil and biodiesel production, and adaptability in very broadly of Indonesian agro-ecosystem, this plant show well hopes besides as a source of raw material for biodiesel, it can also function as a conservation plant to reclaim marginal lands that have been degraded. In addition, the development of kemiri sunan on degraded land will not only be able to increase the economic value of the land, but also can be used as crops of high economic value, and able to provide for the energy needs of the surrounding communities and to the wider region.

This study aimed to determine and analyze the functions of local government district in the downstream rokan overcome the scarcity of LPG 3 kg in 2013. in Law No. 22 Year 2001 on Oil and Gas that LPG is an abbreviation of Liquefied Petroleum Gas, which means liquefied gas at a certain pressure derived from petroleum that has been fractionated. So the main source of producing LPG actually petroleum, natural gas instead. The research behind this is to see the number of people is increasing from year to year, causing greater levels of consumer needs and quotas khusunnya LPG LPG 3 kg was not able to meet the needs of society as a consumer.This study included into the qualitative research study using in-depth interview data collection techniques to several respondents (key informants) that have been assigned or puposive techniques .... the researchers selected a sample of informants criteria that truly understands the expected goal of researchers in research This as well as having an important position in the agency concerned.These results indicate that efforts by the local governments, especially the Department of Industry and Trade Rokan Hilir not perform its function optimally. Indicated by the scarcity of LPG 3 kg which occurred in Rokan downstream of this, due to the number of mafia / elements that playing field and there are many bases and retailers who do not comply with the rules set by the department of trade and industry. By selling price does not match the Rokan Hilir Regency Decree No. 291 of 2012 on the highest retail price (HET). In addition, there are several factors that led to the scarcity of LPG 3 kg of factors cause is the first ever increasing population which does not comply with the quota. Second, the movement of LPG LPG Gas 12 kg to 3 kg of LPG. Third, keberaaan SPBE as a supply point has not functioned optimally. Fourth, a very high demand by msayarakat as consumers.

Biodiesel is one of renewable energy in Indonesia that have to be development. Biodiesel formed as liquid fuel and has same property with petrodiesel. Biodiesel can be synthesized from off-grade palm oil using Na2O/fly ash as catalyst in transesterification process. Employing fly ash as support in Na2O has a good impact due to provide wide surface of catalyst. In this study aims to see the influence of reaction temperature, molar ratio of methanol and oil and concentration of Na2O/fly ash towards biodiesel yield. The process was conducted through reaction of esterification and followed by transesterification reaction. Processing of the data in this study was conducted by response surface methodology (RSM) using Design Expert 7.0 program which is experimental design determined by central composite design (CCD) which consists of three variables. The highest result of biodiesel yield was 81,2% at 60oC reaction temperature, molar ratio of methanol : oil 8 : 1 and catalyst concentration of Na2O/fly ash 4%-wt. Biodiesel characteristics such as density, kinematic viscosity, acid value and flash point has been appropriate by Indonesian biodiesel standard. The most significant condition of process affecting the yield of biodiesel was catalyst concentration.

Biodiesel, the environment friendly substitute alternative for solar, is made from a resource which can be renewed. Exploiting off grade fish oil as raw material for biodiesel represent the grand breakthrough in increasing value of waste industrial fish. According to research funded by PT Rekayasa Energi Alternative Mandiri (PT. REAM) and DP2M Dikti, industrial scale efficiency can be reached by continuous esterifiications buffle reactor in series with transesterifications sliding reactor. Biodiesel production was done at a reactor prototype which has capacity of 20 liter/hour.From all variables studied, it seemed that temperature and catalyst concentration had the highest effect on the methyl esters conversion, so these variables are controlling parameters. The optimized set of conditions were sodium methoxide (NaOCH3) as the catalyst at a concentration of 0.2 % volume, reaction temperature of 60°C, and 60 menute. The experiments resulted in an average product yield of 94.2%. Biodiesel density of 0.8898 kg/m3 , Iodine number of 7.4, flash point 272 oC, and pour point of 2oC

The aim of the study is to create double-function equipment comprises the use of a dryer in the rainy seasons and of water distillation in dry seasons. The main components consists of a windmill as the sources of mechanical power to move the blower or water dipper and a drying room doubling as a distilling room by solar energy.

The International regime of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) has resulted some agreements and policies which binding its countries member. The latest one was the mechanism of REDD (Reducing Emissions From Deforestation and Forest Degradation). The implemetantion of these mechanism does not only bind and involve the countries member at the national level but also at local level (such as at province and regency level). Local aspect has a significant role as the basis for implementing these policy. This paper examines how instermestic perspective used for explaining the relation between International and domestic (local) aspect within the REDD-UNFCCC mechanism.

Human beings are faced with a situation depleted reserve a source of fossil energy and the increased environmental damage due to use fossil energy. Seeing this condition fuel cell technology is proper to reduce dependence on fossil energy sources. The aim of this research is to find out the influence of the addition of the thickness of a gasket against the production of hydrogen at dry cell and prove machine drycell as an instrument for producing hydrogen. Methods used in this research is the electrolysis of dry (dry cells), change water (H2O) to produce hydrogen pure with varying thickness gaskets on drycell to obtain higher productivity hydrogen and the machine drycell. Research results obtained time the production of highest obtained in testing thick gaskets 1.5 mm by concentration of the KOH 4,66 % and a strong current 26 ampères which reaches 68 second, the rate productivity 4,9085 x 10-5 kg/s with temperature 44,42 OC and time productivity minimum produced at testing KOH 4 % with thick gaskets 6 mm and strong current of 20 ampere reaching 132 seconds with temperature 38,97 OC rate and productivity 2,528 x 10-5 kg./s. Conclusion obtained that time production and rate flow resulting decreasing if thickness gaskets are increasing and of temperature produced by the declining and energy required get bigger, so is otherwise 090401041

Increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide (CO2),methane (CH4),nitrous oxide (N2O), hydrofluorocarbons (HFC),perfluorocarbons (PFC)and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) in the atmosphere already have environmental impacts caused by rising air temperature at the earth. Forests can absorb greenhouse gases by way of transforming CO2 from the air to deposit the carbon stored in trees. This research use Eucalyptus IND 61 as material research which is this clon is derivative or hybrid clon from Eucalyptus grandis and Eucalyptus urophylla. The objective of this research are (1) estimating potency of biomass and carbon mass from Eucalyptus IND 61 age 5 years; (2) analyzing the differences in carbon content of stems, twigs and leaves from Eucalyptus IND 61 age 5 years; (3) getting the allometric model to estimating carbon stocks potential of Eucalyptus IND 61 age 5 years. The research was carried out in two stages, namely the first stage were to data in the field and the second stage was analyze of carbon biomass and plant in the laboratory. Parameters measured in the field was wet weight, whereas in the laboratory is measured moisture content, volatile matter content, ash content and carbon content. The results of the case study on Eucalyptus IND 61 age 5 years stands, showed that there is a differences in carbon content of stems, twigs and leaves. The highest carbon mass is in the main stem of the tree, and the lowest is in the twigs. The best model allometric equations for estimating biomass and carbon mass of Eucalyptus IND 61 age 5 years was W=47.238-68.109D+2.675D2 and C=25.712-37.647D+1.474D2 (W=biomass; C=carbon mass; D=diameter), resulting in biomass and carbon mass of Eucalyptus IND 61 age 5 years 100.21 ton/ha and 47.08 ton/ha respectively. 121201152

Population growth impact on increasing the amount of waste and the fuel crisis as a source of energy. One solution to the problem of waste and energy crisis is biogas technology. Biogas is used for treating biodegradable waste because the most waste composition in Indonesia is organic waste . Biogas can be applied to organic waste that has not been utilized optimally for example eating garbage. In the manufacture of biogas needed additional treatment of water and agitation to optimize biogas production. In this study, using 10 reactors with the composition 4 kg of waste and 1.5 liter of rumen with additional variations of water as much as 6 liters, 4 liter, 2.6 liter, 1.5 liter and 0.67 liter. Five treatment reactor without agitation and agitation. The most numerous production gas in the reactor with a dilution of 2,6 liter in reactors 3 and 8 with gas production on day 18 of 0,8 liters. As for the treatment of agitation, the production of biogas in the reactor without agitation produces more gas than the reactor with agitation.

The green open space is one of an effort in order to handling of the increasing the greenhouse gas emission, because green open space has an ability to absorbing the CO2 emission. The purpose of this research is to find out the potential of absorption capacity of CO2 by the pbulic's green open space and to analyze the level of absoption of CO2 by green open space from transportation activity. The method in this research is calculate the value of CO2 emissions and counting the trees whcih has diameters more than 20 centimeter. The sufficiency of green open space was analyze and then compared the absorbing power of CO2 by trees with number of CO2 emissions that produced. Sukajadi district is produced the CO2 emissions from transportation which is high enough as much as 51.212.465 ton CO2/year. While the ability of CO2 absorption by the public's green open space in Sukajadi district only 6.456,68 ton CO2/year. The public's green open space in Sukajadi district thet viewed of absorbing CO2 emissions of transportation is still not enough with percentage is only about 0,0126%.