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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Ebru SAYGILI; Seher GÖREN YARGI; Deniz ERGİNER;

    The concept of sustainability is continuously used in the environment, tourism, architecture, businesses and economy. In this study, the sustainability reports of public companies listed in BIST Sustainability Index are analysed under economic, environment and social categories identified by in the Global Reporting Initiative Reporting Guide. The aim of the study is to determine the disclosure practices of listed companies about sustainability issues. The sustainability reports of companies listed in BIST Sustainability Index are analysed with content analysis using Nvivo software programme and the result of the analysis are evaluated. The results of the study indicated that the most highlighted issues are as follows; in economic sustainability economic performance, in environmental sustainability products and services, in social sustainability employee and, health and safety issues. Further, the results of the regression analysis indicate that as the firm age and number of employees increase firms issue more comprehensive sustainability reports.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Yönetim ve Ekonomiarrow_drop_down
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    Yönetim ve Ekonomi
    Article . 2020
    Data sources: DOAJ
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Yönetim ve Ekonomiarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Yönetim ve Ekonomi
      Article . 2020
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: A.V. ALEKSEEV; P.E. VERBILO;

    Relevance of the work. Estimation of the stability of free face is an important task due to the fact that part of headings of tube railroad is erected by mining, with the forehead of the face fixed manually, while indirect methods of forecasting engineering-geological and hydrogeological conditions before the forehead of the face indicate the presence of local softening and watering capable affect sustainability. Purpose of the work. Estimation of the zone of influence and the type of drainage of the element of heterogeneity on the stability of the tunnel face passed in the array of Proterozoic clays. Method and methodology. The finite element method used in the PLAXIS software package was chosen as the research method. The Hardening Soil Small Strain hardening soil model was selected as a geomechanical model of soil behavior. The design situations of deforming the unfixed forehead of the face approaching the water-saturated element of heterogeneity, are considered when simulating an element with a capacity of 1 and 4 m and changing the nature of water filtration along the element. Results of the work. When deformation properties of the calculated soil elements differ by 30% with the given level of groundwater, both in the case of drainage and nondrainability, an increase in displacements occurs when the tunneling face approaches the zone of influence of heterogeneity. The size of the zone of influence depends on the chosen type of drainage of the element of heterogeneity. Applicable scope of the results described in the paper. The results described in the paper (subject to determining the parameters of the model that meet the conditions of penetration) can be used to estimate the stability of the forehead of the tunnel face in the area of heterogeneity, which is the water supply canal. Conclusion. When designing construction of a linear underground facility in an area of heterogeneity, it is necessary to evaluate the stability of the forehead of the face using numerical modeling. When modeling an element of heterogeneity, it is necessary to take into account the degree of water saturation, the thickness of the element of heterogeneity and the nature of permeability of water along the element of heterogeneity.

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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Izvestiâ Uralʹskogo ...arrow_drop_down
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    Induziert durch Digitalisierung und Servitisierung bieten Unternehmen in zunehmendem Maße Systeme aus vernetzten mechatronischen Produkten, Software und Dienstleistungen an: sogenannte Smart Product Service Systems (Smart PSS). Zur Erfüllung der Sustainability Development Goals der Vereinten Nationen, insbesondere des Ziels 9 „nachhaltiger Konsum und Produktion“, müssen diese Systeme gemäß dem Leitbild einer Circular Economy (CE) gestaltet werden. Smart-circular PSS verfolgen nachhaltige Geschäftsmodelle und verstärken Strategien der CE durch datengetriebene Funktionen. Die Entwicklung dieser Systeme stellt Unternehmen vor große Herausforderungen. Ungeklärt ist bislang, wie Teams bei der Entwicklung von Smart-circular PSS sachgerecht methodisch unterstützt werden können. Diese Arbeit begegnet diesen Beobachtungen mit der Forschungshypothese, dass sich Systemarchitekturen von Smart-circular PSS durch geeignete Methoden des Modellbasierten Systems Engineerings (MBSE) so entwerfen lassen, dass die Systeme effektiv und effizient zu einer CE beitragen. Zu ihrer Verifizierung wurde als übergeordneter Forschungsansatz die Design Research Methodology (DRM) angewendet. Zunächst erfolgte die Forschungsklärung mithilfe von Expert*innenworkshops sowie durch eine MBSE-Reifegradanalyse in einem industriellen Unternehmen. Die hier identifizierten Handlungsfelder wurden mittels Systematischen Literaturanalysen (SLRs) abgesichert und ausgewählt. Aufbauend auf den gewonnenen Erkenntnissen wurde die Methodik zur Definition von Smart-circular PSS-Systemarchitekturen (MESSIAH) entwickelt, die Entwicklungsteams bei der Konzeptionierung von Smart-circular PSS unterstützt. Die Methode beinhaltet eine Modellierungsgenerik, eine gerichtete Methode sowie einen Baukasten zum schnellen Prototypisieren von Services. MESSIAH wurde mithilfe einer Comprehensive Descrip-tive Study anhand von fünf Studien evaluiert. Die Forschungshypothese konnte im Rahmen der Evaluierung verifiziert werden. Somit zeigt diese Arbeit erstmals Wege auf, wie Strategien der CE mithilfe des MBSE bei der Entwicklung von Smart-circular PSS Systemarchitekturen berücksichtigt werden können. MESSIAH ermöglicht die Modellierung einer interdisziplinären Systemarchitektur, die mechatronische Produkte, Software und Dienstleistungen integriert. Zur Modellierung von CE-relevanten Services wurden zwei neue prozessorientierte Modelltypen erfolgreich mit bestehenden Modellierungstechniken des MBSE kombiniert. Durch die Evaluierungsstudien konnte ein zufriedenstellender Stand der Akzeptanz und wahrgenommenen Nützlichkeit der Methodik nachgewiesen werden. Allerdings wurden Verbesserungspotentiale hinsichtlich ihrer Benutzbarkeit festgestellt. In weiterer For-schung wird es vonnöten sein, die Qualität und die Quantität der Anwendungsvalidierungen zu erhöhen. Zu diesem Zweck wird die Durchführung von Langzeitstudien sowie Anwendungen an industriellen Systemen in einem weiteren Einsatzspektrum und in weiteren Branchen empfohlen. In response to calls for digitization and servitization, businesses increasingly offer complex systems consisting of connected mechatronic products, software elements and services: so-called Smart Product-Service-Systems (Smart PSS). In order to meet the United Nations Sustainability Development Goals and in particular Goal 9 "Sustainable Consumption and Production", these systems must be compatible with the tenets of a Circular Economy (CE). The development of these systems presents businesses with major challenges. It remains unclear how engineering teams can be supported methodologically in developing Smart-circular PSS. This dissertation meets these challenges with the research hypothesis that suitable methods of Model-based Systems Engineering (MBSE) can aid in the development of Smart-circular PSS architectures, which effectively and efficiently contribute to a CE. The investigation applies Design Research Methodology (DRM) as an overarching research approach for hypothesis verification. Initially, expert workshops and an MBSE maturity analysis in an industrial enterprise served to clarify the research objective. Systematic Literature Reviews (SLRs) validated and detailed the fields of action identified. Based on the findings, the Methodology for Smart-circular PSS Architecture Definition (MESSIAH) was developed, which supports development teams in the design of Smart-circular PSS. The method includes a modeling framework, a method and a construction kit for prototyping services. MESSIAH was evaluated by means of a Comprehensive Descriptive Study based on five evaluation studies. The evaluation verified the research hypothesis. Consequently, this research explores how the development of Smart PSS with the help of MBSE can be useful to CE-strategies. MESSIAH enabled the management of system complexity by using an interdisciplinary system architecture that integrates the development of mechatronic products, software and services. In order to de-velop CE-relevant services, two new types of models were successfully integrated into existing modelling techniques of MBSE. User studies indicated a satisfactory level of user acceptance and perceived usefulness of the methodology, but also served to identify potential for improve-ment with regard to its ease of use. In further research it will be necessary to increase the quality and quantity of application validations in further application scenarios and other industry branches. For this purpose, the dissertation recommends long-term studies and applications on further industrial systems.

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    https://dx.doi.org/10.14279/de...
    Doctoral thesis . 2022
    License: CC BY
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    Doctoral thesis . 2022
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    https://dx.doi.org/10.24406/pu...
    Doctoral thesis . 2022
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      https://dx.doi.org/10.14279/de...
      Doctoral thesis . 2022
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      https://dx.doi.org/10.24406/pu...
      Doctoral thesis . 2022
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    Die intensive Nutzung in Landwirtschaft und Forstwirtschaft und damit einhergehende Bodendegradation stellen eine enorme Herausforderung für die menschliche Gesellschaft dar. Insbesondere die Übernutzung reduziert die Ernährungssicherheit, führt zur Emission von Treibhausgasen und Aerosolen, treibt den Verlust der biologischen Vielfalt an, verschmutzt das Wasser und untergräbt eine Vielzahl von Ökosystemdienstlei - stungen, die über die Nahrungsmittelversorgung sowie die Wasser- und Klimaregulierung hinausgehen. Die direkten Emissionen durch Entwaldung, Düngung, Reisanbau und Wiederkäuer belaufen sich derzeit auf etwa 25% aller menschlichen Treibhausgasemissionen. Der intensiven Landnutzung zugrunde liegen sowohl das Bevölkerungswachstum, der Anstieg im pro-Kopf-Verbrauch an Kalorien, Holz und Fasern sowie verstärkter Konsum von Fleisch- und Milchprodukten. Dieses Kapitel fasst diese soziökonomischen Aspekte kurz zusammen und führt in die grundsätzlichen Prozesse ein, die der Emission von CO2, CH4 und N2O zugrunde liegen. In verschiedenen Kapiteln in diesem Buch werden diese Prozesse wieder aufgegriffen und unter verschiedenen Gesichtspunkten detaillierter beleuchtet. Socioeconomic aspects of land use change, effects on biogeochemical cycles and greenhouse gas emissions: Intensive agriculture and forestry and associated land degradation, pose an enormous challenge to human society. Overuse of land ecosystems reduces food security, leads to emissions of greenhouse gases and aerosols, drives biodiversity loss, pollutes water, and undermines a wide range of ecosystem services beyond food supply and water and climate regulation. Direct emissions from deforestation, fertilization, rice cultivation, and ruminants currently amount to about 25% of all human greenhouse gas emissions. Drivers of intensive land useare population growth, together with increases in per capita consumption of calories, wood, and fiber, and a shift towards consumption of meat and dairy products. This chapter briefly summarizes these socioeconomic aspects and introduces the basic processes underlying the emission of CO2, CH4, and N2O. Various chapters in this book revisit these processes and examine them in more detail from different perspectives. Aspectos socioeconómicos del cambio de uso de la tierra, efectos en los ciclos biogeoquímicos y emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero: El uso intensivo del suelo en la agricultura y la silvicultura asi como la asociada degradación del suelo representan un enorme desafío para la sociedad humana. En particular, el sobreuso hace peligrar la seguridad alimentaria, conduce a la emisión de gases de efecto invernadero y aerosoles, incrementa la pérdida de biodiversidad, contamina el agua y socava una variedad de servicios de los ecosistemas más allá del suministro de alimentos y la regulación del agua y el clima. Las emisiones directas de la deforestación, la fertilización, el cultivo de arroz y los rumiantes representan actualmente alrededor del 25% de todas las emisiones antrópicas de gases de efecto invernadero. El uso intensivo de la tierra se basa en el crecimiento de la población, el aumento del consumo per cápita de calorías, madera y fibra y un mayor consumo de carne y productos lácteos. Este capítulo resume brevemente estos aspectos socioeconómicos e introduce los procesos fundamentales que subyacen a la emisión de CO2, CH4 y N2O. Estos procesos se retoman en varios capítulos de este libro y se examinan con más detalle desde varias perspectivas.

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    https://dx.doi.org/10.25592/uh...
    Part of book or chapter of book . 2021
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    https://dx.doi.org/10.25592/uh...
    Part of book or chapter of book . 2021
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    https://dx.doi.org/10.25592/wa...
    Part of book or chapter of book . 2021
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    Part of book or chapter of book . 2021
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      https://dx.doi.org/10.25592/uh...
      Part of book or chapter of book . 2021
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      https://dx.doi.org/10.25592/uh...
      Part of book or chapter of book . 2021
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      https://dx.doi.org/10.25592/wa...
      Part of book or chapter of book . 2021
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      B2FIND
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    Authors: Niemann, Karl-Heinz (Prof. Dr.-Ing.); Lierse, Tjark (Prof. Dr.-Ing.);

    Das Forschungscluster Industrie 4.0 stellt in acht Beiträgen aktuelle Ergebnisse aus seinen vielfältigen Forschungsprojekten vor. Es werden virtuelle Techniken in der Produktentwicklung, Lehrkonzepte für Industrie 4.0, Energy Harvesting bei Antennen, Energiemanagement in Produktionsanlagen, firmenübergreifende IT-Security Anforderungen, dezentral gesteuerte Produktionsprozesse und Spracherkennung mit Mikrocontrollern behandelt. The research cluster Industry 4.0 presents eight papers with recent results from its multifaceted research projects. The papers span virtual techniques in product development, an educational concept for Industry 4.0, energy harvesting in antennas, energy management in production facilities, cross-company IT security requirements, decentral production control and speech recognition with microcontrollers. Angewandte Forschung für die Welt von morgen, 2

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    https://dx.doi.org/10.25968/op...
    Book . 2020
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      https://dx.doi.org/10.25968/op...
      Book . 2020
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    Authors: Banduch, Izabela;

    Since the establishment of the activited sludge process in everyday life, we are constantly in search of new solutions to optimize the biologic process of sewage purification in a sustinable and economic way. The application of ultrasonic sound, which is investigated in this thesis, manifests itself as a qualified technique. After the influence of ultrasound an optimal morphological modification in the flake structure is achieved and the microbial activity in the activated sludge is enhaced. Furthermore, we can observe a reduction of the excess biomass by pro-rata dissolution of the activated sludge. Seit der Etablierung des Belebtschlammverfahens im Alltag ist man auf der Suche nach neuen Lösungen um den biologischen Prozess der Abwasserreinigung nachhaltig und wirtschaftlich zu optimieren. Der in dieser Arbeit untersuchte Einsatz des Ultraschalls zeigte sich als geeignete Technik. Nach der Ultraschalleinwirkung werden optimale morphologische Veränderungen in der Flockenstruktur erreicht, infolge dessen wird die mikrobielle Aktivität im Belebtschlamm gesteigert. Darüber hinaus durch Auflösung eines Teils des Belebtschlammes wird eine Verringerung der überschüssigen Biomasse beobachtet.

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    TUHH Open Research - Research Data TUHH
    Doctoral thesis . 2011
    Data sources: Datacite
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      TUHH Open Research - Research Data TUHH
      Doctoral thesis . 2011
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    Klimawandel, Wachstumswende, demographische Veränderungen, die weltweite Wirtschafts- und Finanzkrise sowie die Erfordernisse der Nachhaltigkeit machen neuartige Lösungsansätze für bisher unbekannte Problemkonstellationen erforderlich. In diesem Band beschäftigen sich AutorInnen aus Dänemark, Norwegen, Polen, Deutschland, der Schweiz, Österreich und Italien mit Ansätzen der Demokratisierung, sozialen Innovation und Partizipation, insbesondere von benachteiligten Gruppen. Der internationale Blick wird über den europäischen Raum hinaus um Analysen und Handlungsansätze in zwei geopolitisch brisanten Regionen erweitert, dem islamischen Raum sowie Kasachstan und Georgien. (DIPF/Orig.) Climate change, a turnaround in growth, demographic changes, the global economic and financial crisis as well as the requirements of sustainability make new solutions to previously unknown problem constellations necessary. In this volume, authors from Denmark, Norway, Poland, Germany, Switzerland, Austria and Italy deal with approaches to democratization, social innovation and participation, especially of disadvantaged groups. The international view is broadened beyond the European area to include analyses and approaches to action in two geopolitically explosive regions, the Islamic region as well as Kazakhstan and Georgia. (DIPF/Orig.) Bozen : Bozen-Bolzano University Press 2014, IX, 328 S. - (Brixener Studien zu Sozialpolitik und Sozialwissenschaft; 2)

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    https://dx.doi.org/10.25656/01...
    Book . 2014
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      https://dx.doi.org/10.25656/01...
      Book . 2014
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    Authors: Schimmelpfenning, Sonja; Anter, Jano; Heidecke, Claudia; Lange, Stefan; +8 Authors

    On September 11 and 12, 2017, a symposium on "Irrigation in agriculture", jointly organized by the Thünen Institute, the Julius-Kühn Institute and the University of Applied Sciences Ostfalia took place at the Ostfalia University of Applied Sciences, Campus Suderburg. For this purpose, experts from the field of irrigation were invited to give current assessments on the development of irrigation needs and the irrigation-worthiness of different crops at different locations in Ger-many as well as on the development of irrigation technology. The irrigation of crops in outdoor vegetables or special crops has long been a common practice. The profitability of irrigating agri-cultural crops in Germany has so far been limited to a few, dry locations. As a result of climate change, an increasing average annual temperature and changed precipitation patterns (in partic-ular lower rainfall at the beginning of the vegetation period in spring) have been observed in Germany for some years now. For the future, according to the results of climate models, a fur-ther increase in temperatures and further changes in the precipitation distribution such as a de-crease in the summer precipitation and an increase in winter precipitation are to be expected. The conference proceedings provide an overview of the latest research findings from the field of drought stress and discuss possible alternative sources for meeting the additional water require-ments of agricultural crops. Aspects of the landscape water balance and hydrological correlations in the agricultural landscape are addressed and solutions presented. Insights into possible con-flicts of water use and practical experience with the development of solutions are accompanied by the presentation of the legal framework for water use. The contributions are supplemented by reports of long-term irrigation field trials conducted by the LWK Lower Saxony. On the one hand, the experiments have shown that irrigation can increase the nutrient efficiency of crops and the quality of crops. On the other hand, the present state of the art of irrigation will be explained and limits and possibilities for increasing efficiency in the future will be presented. In order to in-crease the efficiency of irrigation, irrigation control is of great importance; its current status is presented and the trends for the future are shown. The profitability of investments in irrigation technology is presented in two contributions. Here, both the different techniques and their prof-itability in different crops are assessed economically. Possible developments of regional irrigation needs are exemplarily shown for the federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia. The conference proceedings conclude with a chapter on the overview of previous projects in the field of water management and on irrigation of agricultural land in view of future climate change in Germany.

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    EconStor
    Research . 2018
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    https://dx.doi.org/10.22004/ag...
    Other literature type . 2018
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      EconStor
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      https://dx.doi.org/10.22004/ag...
      Other literature type . 2018
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    Weltweit spielen Großstaudämme eine immer wichtigere Rolle für die »erneuerbare« Energieversorgung und in den vielen Trockengebieten der Erde für die Bewässerung und Ausweitung der Landwirtschaft. Einige neuere Staudämme sind spektakuläre Riesenprojekte. Großstaudammprojekte sind aber inzwischen sehr umstritten, sie sind Konfliktherde; sie verändern die Landnutzung diametral, sie vertreiben die eingesessene Bevölkerung und zerstören deren Lebensgrundlagen. Die ökologischen und ökonomischen Auswirkungen sind nicht nur positiv, sondern sie weisen in erheblichem Maße auch negative Folgen auf. Dazu kommt, dass Staudamm und Nutzung der Wasserspeicher auch nur eine begrenzte Zeit möglich ist. Large water dams for energy generation and irrigation and its social problems: An introduction: Large dams play an increasingly important role worldwide for the renewable energy supply and in the many arid regions of the world for irrigation and the expansion of agriculture. Some of the newer dams are spectacular giant projects. Large dam projects are now very controversial, they are sources of conflicts; they change land use diametrically, they drive out the local population and destroy their livelihoods. The ecological and economic effects are not only positive, they also have negative consequences to a considerable extent. In addition, the dam and the use of the water reservoir are only possible for a limited time. Grandes represas para la generación de energía y proyectos de irrigación y sus conflictos sociales: Una introduccion: Las grandes represas desempeñan un papel cada vez más importante en todo el mundo en la producción de energia »renovable« y en las muchas regiones áridas del mundo para mejorar el riego y la expansión agricola. Algunas de las represas más nuevas son proyectos gigantescos. Muchos proyectos de represas tienen sus lados negativos y son fuentes de conflictos; cambian diametralmente el uso de la tierra, conducen al desalojos de la población local y destruyen sus fuentes de trabajo, también los efectos eco­lógicos y económicos son en gran medida negativos. Además el uso de las represan tienen un tiempo limitado y su desmontaje es costoso.

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    https://dx.doi.org/10.25592/wa...
    Part of book or chapter of book . 2021
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    https://dx.doi.org/10.25592/uh...
    Part of book or chapter of book . 2021
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    Part of book or chapter of book . 2021
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      Part of book or chapter of book . 2021
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      https://dx.doi.org/10.25592/uh...
      Part of book or chapter of book . 2021
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      Part of book or chapter of book . 2021
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    Authors: Rehmann, Felix; Cudok, Falk; Rupp, Valentin; Von Grafenstein, Max; +3 Authors

    Der vorliegende Bericht des Moduls Digitalisierung der Begleitforschung Energiewendebauen bestehend aus Forschenden von der Technischen Universität Berlin, der Universität der Künste, dem Einstein Center Digital Future und dem Institut für ökologische Wirtschaftsforschung quantifiziert Forschungsthesen zur Digitalisierung der Wärmewende in Deutschland. Hierfür wurden 270 Expert*innen befragt. Der Bericht beinhaltet die Bewertung von Thesen zu Modellierung, Datensuffizienz, digitalen Geschäftsmodellen, Datenschutz und Regulatorik, Umweltwirkungen digitaler Anwendungen, sowie allgemeine Einschätzungen und zukünftigen Forschungsthemen. Die Thesen fokussieren dabei die Digitalisierung im Kontext des klimagerechten Planen, Bauens und Betreiben von Gebäuden, Quartieren und Wärmenetzen. Diese Thesen sind aus Interviews und Workshops erarbeitet und dienen der Quantifizierung einzelner Aussagen. Die Antworten zeigen, dass den Expert*innen zufolge die passenden Technologien für die Energiewende bereits vorhanden sind, aber es an Regulierung, Zugänglichkeit von Lösungen, Automatisierung und Integration mangelt. Als mögliche Lösungen dienen Standards, Methoden zur Wiederverwendung von Daten und Software, gemeinsame Methoden zum Umgang mit Daten, insbesondere deren Aggregation, sowie Leitfäden und Richtlinien zur Schaffung von Transparenz und Benennung von Mehrwerten. Die Expert*innen gehen davon aus, dass vielen Menschen die Vorteile der Digitalisierung in der Energietechnik nicht klar sind. Die Befragten betonten die Bedeutung der Einbindung der Nutzenden in die Entwicklung und fordern transparente Leitlinien über die Notwendigkeiten, sowie Vor- und Nachteile der Digitalisierung. So wird beispielsweise die ökologische Bewertung digitaler Anwendungen als wichtig erachtet, jedoch fehlt es an Wissen und Informationen für eine umfassende Bewertung. Die Befragten wünschen sich Mechanismen zur Bewertung von Vor- und Nachteilen sowie die Entwicklung von geeigneten Benchmarks und Vergleichen. Die (fehlende) Regulierung wird als hinderlich für die Umsetzung neuer Geschäftsmodelle und der Wärmewende betrachtet. Es wurde betont, dass eine bessere Erklärung von Regulierung und Datenschutz erforderlich ist, zum Beispiel durch Zertifizierungsprogramme. Im Bereich Methoden und Modelle wird die Verfügbarkeit von Daten als entscheidend angesehen. Einfache Modelle und unterstützte Prozesse werden als Möglichkeiten zur Bewältigung des Fachkräftemangels genannt. Die effiziente Nutzung von Datensätzen, die Verfügbarkeit von unkritischen Daten von öffentlichem Interesse sowie offene Standardwerkzeuge werden ebenfalls als wichtige Aspekte betrachtet. Die Integration verschiedener Bausteine, wie technische Gebäudeausrüstung, Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologie und Gebäude, wird als Herausforderung angesehen. Lösungsansätze sehen die Befragten in Form von digitalen Schatten und modularer Aufteilung von Modellen und Datensätzen. The present report by the Digitalization Module of the accompanying research Energiewendebauen consists of researchers from the Technische Universität Berlin, the Berlin University of the Arts, the Einstein Center Digital Future, and the Institute for Ecological Economic Research. It quantifies research theses on the digitalization of the energy transition in Germany. For this purpose, 270 experts were surveyed. The report includes the rating of theses on modeling, data sufficiency, digital business models, data protection and regulations, environmental impacts of digital applications, as well as general assessments and future research themes. The questions focus on the digitalization in the context of climate-friendly planning, construction, and operation of buildings, neighborhoods, and heat networks. The theses are developed from interviews and workshops and serve to quantify individual statements. The responses indicate that, according to the experts, the proper technologies already exist, but there is a lack of regulation, accessibility of solutions, automation, and integration. Possible solutions mentioned include standards, methods for data reuse and aggregation, as well as guidelines and directives to create transparency and identify added value. The experts assume that many people are not aware of the benefits of digitalization in energy technology. The respondents emphasize the importance of involving users in the development and call for transparent guidelines on the necessities, advantages, and disadvantages of digitalization. For example, the ecological assessment of digital applications is considered important, but there is a lack of knowledge and information for a comprehensive evaluation. The respondents wish for mechanisms to assess advantages and disadvantages, as well as the development of fair benchmarks and comparisons. Regulation is considered hindering the implementation of new business models and the energy transition. The experts emphasize that better explanation of regulation and data protection is necessary, for example, through certification programs. In the field of methods and models, data availability is considered as crucial. Simple models and supported processes are mentioned as ways to address the shortage of skilled workers. Efficient use of datasets, availability of non-sensitive data of public interest, as well as open standard tools are also considered important aspects. The integration of various components, such as technical building equipment, information and communication technology, and buildings, is seen as a challenge. Respondents see solutions in the form of digital shadows and modular division of models and datasets.

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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Ebru SAYGILI; Seher GÖREN YARGI; Deniz ERGİNER;

    The concept of sustainability is continuously used in the environment, tourism, architecture, businesses and economy. In this study, the sustainability reports of public companies listed in BIST Sustainability Index are analysed under economic, environment and social categories identified by in the Global Reporting Initiative Reporting Guide. The aim of the study is to determine the disclosure practices of listed companies about sustainability issues. The sustainability reports of companies listed in BIST Sustainability Index are analysed with content analysis using Nvivo software programme and the result of the analysis are evaluated. The results of the study indicated that the most highlighted issues are as follows; in economic sustainability economic performance, in environmental sustainability products and services, in social sustainability employee and, health and safety issues. Further, the results of the regression analysis indicate that as the firm age and number of employees increase firms issue more comprehensive sustainability reports.

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    Yönetim ve Ekonomi
    Article . 2020
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      Article . 2020
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: A.V. ALEKSEEV; P.E. VERBILO;

    Relevance of the work. Estimation of the stability of free face is an important task due to the fact that part of headings of tube railroad is erected by mining, with the forehead of the face fixed manually, while indirect methods of forecasting engineering-geological and hydrogeological conditions before the forehead of the face indicate the presence of local softening and watering capable affect sustainability. Purpose of the work. Estimation of the zone of influence and the type of drainage of the element of heterogeneity on the stability of the tunnel face passed in the array of Proterozoic clays. Method and methodology. The finite element method used in the PLAXIS software package was chosen as the research method. The Hardening Soil Small Strain hardening soil model was selected as a geomechanical model of soil behavior. The design situations of deforming the unfixed forehead of the face approaching the water-saturated element of heterogeneity, are considered when simulating an element with a capacity of 1 and 4 m and changing the nature of water filtration along the element. Results of the work. When deformation properties of the calculated soil elements differ by 30% with the given level of groundwater, both in the case of drainage and nondrainability, an increase in displacements occurs when the tunneling face approaches the zone of influence of heterogeneity. The size of the zone of influence depends on the chosen type of drainage of the element of heterogeneity. Applicable scope of the results described in the paper. The results described in the paper (subject to determining the parameters of the model that meet the conditions of penetration) can be used to estimate the stability of the forehead of the tunnel face in the area of heterogeneity, which is the water supply canal. Conclusion. When designing construction of a linear underground facility in an area of heterogeneity, it is necessary to evaluate the stability of the forehead of the face using numerical modeling. When modeling an element of heterogeneity, it is necessary to take into account the degree of water saturation, the thickness of the element of heterogeneity and the nature of permeability of water along the element of heterogeneity.

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    Induziert durch Digitalisierung und Servitisierung bieten Unternehmen in zunehmendem Maße Systeme aus vernetzten mechatronischen Produkten, Software und Dienstleistungen an: sogenannte Smart Product Service Systems (Smart PSS). Zur Erfüllung der Sustainability Development Goals der Vereinten Nationen, insbesondere des Ziels 9 „nachhaltiger Konsum und Produktion“, müssen diese Systeme gemäß dem Leitbild einer Circular Economy (CE) gestaltet werden. Smart-circular PSS verfolgen nachhaltige Geschäftsmodelle und verstärken Strategien der CE durch datengetriebene Funktionen. Die Entwicklung dieser Systeme stellt Unternehmen vor große Herausforderungen. Ungeklärt ist bislang, wie Teams bei der Entwicklung von Smart-circular PSS sachgerecht methodisch unterstützt werden können. Diese Arbeit begegnet diesen Beobachtungen mit der Forschungshypothese, dass sich Systemarchitekturen von Smart-circular PSS durch geeignete Methoden des Modellbasierten Systems Engineerings (MBSE) so entwerfen lassen, dass die Systeme effektiv und effizient zu einer CE beitragen. Zu ihrer Verifizierung wurde als übergeordneter Forschungsansatz die Design Research Methodology (DRM) angewendet. Zunächst erfolgte die Forschungsklärung mithilfe von Expert*innenworkshops sowie durch eine MBSE-Reifegradanalyse in einem industriellen Unternehmen. Die hier identifizierten Handlungsfelder wurden mittels Systematischen Literaturanalysen (SLRs) abgesichert und ausgewählt. Aufbauend auf den gewonnenen Erkenntnissen wurde die Methodik zur Definition von Smart-circular PSS-Systemarchitekturen (MESSIAH) entwickelt, die Entwicklungsteams bei der Konzeptionierung von Smart-circular PSS unterstützt. Die Methode beinhaltet eine Modellierungsgenerik, eine gerichtete Methode sowie einen Baukasten zum schnellen Prototypisieren von Services. MESSIAH wurde mithilfe einer Comprehensive Descrip-tive Study anhand von fünf Studien evaluiert. Die Forschungshypothese konnte im Rahmen der Evaluierung verifiziert werden. Somit zeigt diese Arbeit erstmals Wege auf, wie Strategien der CE mithilfe des MBSE bei der Entwicklung von Smart-circular PSS Systemarchitekturen berücksichtigt werden können. MESSIAH ermöglicht die Modellierung einer interdisziplinären Systemarchitektur, die mechatronische Produkte, Software und Dienstleistungen integriert. Zur Modellierung von CE-relevanten Services wurden zwei neue prozessorientierte Modelltypen erfolgreich mit bestehenden Modellierungstechniken des MBSE kombiniert. Durch die Evaluierungsstudien konnte ein zufriedenstellender Stand der Akzeptanz und wahrgenommenen Nützlichkeit der Methodik nachgewiesen werden. Allerdings wurden Verbesserungspotentiale hinsichtlich ihrer Benutzbarkeit festgestellt. In weiterer For-schung wird es vonnöten sein, die Qualität und die Quantität der Anwendungsvalidierungen zu erhöhen. Zu diesem Zweck wird die Durchführung von Langzeitstudien sowie Anwendungen an industriellen Systemen in einem weiteren Einsatzspektrum und in weiteren Branchen empfohlen. In response to calls for digitization and servitization, businesses increasingly offer complex systems consisting of connected mechatronic products, software elements and services: so-called Smart Product-Service-Systems (Smart PSS). In order to meet the United Nations Sustainability Development Goals and in particular Goal 9 "Sustainable Consumption and Production", these systems must be compatible with the tenets of a Circular Economy (CE). The development of these systems presents businesses with major challenges. It remains unclear how engineering teams can be supported methodologically in developing Smart-circular PSS. This dissertation meets these challenges with the research hypothesis that suitable methods of Model-based Systems Engineering (MBSE) can aid in the development of Smart-circular PSS architectures, which effectively and efficiently contribute to a CE. The investigation applies Design Research Methodology (DRM) as an overarching research approach for hypothesis verification. Initially, expert workshops and an MBSE maturity analysis in an industrial enterprise served to clarify the research objective. Systematic Literature Reviews (SLRs) validated and detailed the fields of action identified. Based on the findings, the Methodology for Smart-circular PSS Architecture Definition (MESSIAH) was developed, which supports development teams in the design of Smart-circular PSS. The method includes a modeling framework, a method and a construction kit for prototyping services. MESSIAH was evaluated by means of a Comprehensive Descriptive Study based on five evaluation studies. The evaluation verified the research hypothesis. Consequently, this research explores how the development of Smart PSS with the help of MBSE can be useful to CE-strategies. MESSIAH enabled the management of system complexity by using an interdisciplinary system architecture that integrates the development of mechatronic products, software and services. In order to de-velop CE-relevant services, two new types of models were successfully integrated into existing modelling techniques of MBSE. User studies indicated a satisfactory level of user acceptance and perceived usefulness of the methodology, but also served to identify potential for improve-ment with regard to its ease of use. In further research it will be necessary to increase the quality and quantity of application validations in further application scenarios and other industry branches. For this purpose, the dissertation recommends long-term studies and applications on further industrial systems.

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    https://dx.doi.org/10.14279/de...
    Doctoral thesis . 2022
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    https://dx.doi.org/10.24406/pu...
    Doctoral thesis . 2022
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    Die intensive Nutzung in Landwirtschaft und Forstwirtschaft und damit einhergehende Bodendegradation stellen eine enorme Herausforderung für die menschliche Gesellschaft dar. Insbesondere die Übernutzung reduziert die Ernährungssicherheit, führt zur Emission von Treibhausgasen und Aerosolen, treibt den Verlust der biologischen Vielfalt an, verschmutzt das Wasser und untergräbt eine Vielzahl von Ökosystemdienstlei - stungen, die über die Nahrungsmittelversorgung sowie die Wasser- und Klimaregulierung hinausgehen. Die direkten Emissionen durch Entwaldung, Düngung, Reisanbau und Wiederkäuer belaufen sich derzeit auf etwa 25% aller menschlichen Treibhausgasemissionen. Der intensiven Landnutzung zugrunde liegen sowohl das Bevölkerungswachstum, der Anstieg im pro-Kopf-Verbrauch an Kalorien, Holz und Fasern sowie verstärkter Konsum von Fleisch- und Milchprodukten. Dieses Kapitel fasst diese soziökonomischen Aspekte kurz zusammen und führt in die grundsätzlichen Prozesse ein, die der Emission von CO2, CH4 und N2O zugrunde liegen. In verschiedenen Kapiteln in diesem Buch werden diese Prozesse wieder aufgegriffen und unter verschiedenen Gesichtspunkten detaillierter beleuchtet. Socioeconomic aspects of land use change, effects on biogeochemical cycles and greenhouse gas emissions: Intensive agriculture and forestry and associated land degradation, pose an enormous challenge to human society. Overuse of land ecosystems reduces food security, leads to emissions of greenhouse gases and aerosols, drives biodiversity loss, pollutes water, and undermines a wide range of ecosystem services beyond food supply and water and climate regulation. Direct emissions from deforestation, fertilization, rice cultivation, and ruminants currently amount to about 25% of all human greenhouse gas emissions. Drivers of intensive land useare population growth, together with increases in per capita consumption of calories, wood, and fiber, and a shift towards consumption of meat and dairy products. This chapter briefly summarizes these socioeconomic aspects and introduces the basic processes underlying the emission of CO2, CH4, and N2O. Various chapters in this book revisit these processes and examine them in more detail from different perspectives. Aspectos socioeconómicos del cambio de uso de la tierra, efectos en los ciclos biogeoquímicos y emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero: El uso intensivo del suelo en la agricultura y la silvicultura asi como la asociada degradación del suelo representan un enorme desafío para la sociedad humana. En particular, el sobreuso hace peligrar la seguridad alimentaria, conduce a la emisión de gases de efecto invernadero y aerosoles, incrementa la pérdida de biodiversidad, contamina el agua y socava una variedad de servicios de los ecosistemas más allá del suministro de alimentos y la regulación del agua y el clima. Las emisiones directas de la deforestación, la fertilización, el cultivo de arroz y los rumiantes representan actualmente alrededor del 25% de todas las emisiones antrópicas de gases de efecto invernadero. El uso intensivo de la tierra se basa en el crecimiento de la población, el aumento del consumo per cápita de calorías, madera y fibra y un mayor consumo de carne y productos lácteos. Este capítulo resume brevemente estos aspectos socioeconómicos e introduce los procesos fundamentales que subyacen a la emisión de CO2, CH4 y N2O. Estos procesos se retoman en varios capítulos de este libro y se examinan con más detalle desde varias perspectivas.

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    https://dx.doi.org/10.25592/uh...
    Part of book or chapter of book . 2021
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    Part of book or chapter of book . 2021
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      Part of book or chapter of book . 2021
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      Part of book or chapter of book . 2021
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      https://dx.doi.org/10.25592/wa...
      Part of book or chapter of book . 2021
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    Authors: Niemann, Karl-Heinz (Prof. Dr.-Ing.); Lierse, Tjark (Prof. Dr.-Ing.);

    Das Forschungscluster Industrie 4.0 stellt in acht Beiträgen aktuelle Ergebnisse aus seinen vielfältigen Forschungsprojekten vor. Es werden virtuelle Techniken in der Produktentwicklung, Lehrkonzepte für Industrie 4.0, Energy Harvesting bei Antennen, Energiemanagement in Produktionsanlagen, firmenübergreifende IT-Security Anforderungen, dezentral gesteuerte Produktionsprozesse und Spracherkennung mit Mikrocontrollern behandelt. The research cluster Industry 4.0 presents eight papers with recent results from its multifaceted research projects. The papers span virtual techniques in product development, an educational concept for Industry 4.0, energy harvesting in antennas, energy management in production facilities, cross-company IT security requirements, decentral production control and speech recognition with microcontrollers. Angewandte Forschung für die Welt von morgen, 2

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    https://dx.doi.org/10.25968/op...
    Book . 2020
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      https://dx.doi.org/10.25968/op...
      Book . 2020
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    Authors: Banduch, Izabela;

    Since the establishment of the activited sludge process in everyday life, we are constantly in search of new solutions to optimize the biologic process of sewage purification in a sustinable and economic way. The application of ultrasonic sound, which is investigated in this thesis, manifests itself as a qualified technique. After the influence of ultrasound an optimal morphological modification in the flake structure is achieved and the microbial activity in the activated sludge is enhaced. Furthermore, we can observe a reduction of the excess biomass by pro-rata dissolution of the activated sludge. Seit der Etablierung des Belebtschlammverfahens im Alltag ist man auf der Suche nach neuen Lösungen um den biologischen Prozess der Abwasserreinigung nachhaltig und wirtschaftlich zu optimieren. Der in dieser Arbeit untersuchte Einsatz des Ultraschalls zeigte sich als geeignete Technik. Nach der Ultraschalleinwirkung werden optimale morphologische Veränderungen in der Flockenstruktur erreicht, infolge dessen wird die mikrobielle Aktivität im Belebtschlamm gesteigert. Darüber hinaus durch Auflösung eines Teils des Belebtschlammes wird eine Verringerung der überschüssigen Biomasse beobachtet.

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    TUHH Open Research - Research Data TUHH
    Doctoral thesis . 2011
    Data sources: Datacite
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      TUHH Open Research - Research Data TUHH
      Doctoral thesis . 2011
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    Klimawandel, Wachstumswende, demographische Veränderungen, die weltweite Wirtschafts- und Finanzkrise sowie die Erfordernisse der Nachhaltigkeit machen neuartige Lösungsansätze für bisher unbekannte Problemkonstellationen erforderlich. In diesem Band beschäftigen sich AutorInnen aus Dänemark, Norwegen, Polen, Deutschland, der Schweiz, Österreich und Italien mit Ansätzen der Demokratisierung, sozialen Innovation und Partizipation, insbesondere von benachteiligten Gruppen. Der internationale Blick wird über den europäischen Raum hinaus um Analysen und Handlungsansätze in zwei geopolitisch brisanten Regionen erweitert, dem islamischen Raum sowie Kasachstan und Georgien. (DIPF/Orig.) Climate change, a turnaround in growth, demographic changes, the global economic and financial crisis as well as the requirements of sustainability make new solutions to previously unknown problem constellations necessary. In this volume, authors from Denmark, Norway, Poland, Germany, Switzerland, Austria and Italy deal with approaches to democratization, social innovation and participation, especially of disadvantaged groups. The international view is broadened beyond the European area to include analyses and approaches to action in two geopolitically explosive regions, the Islamic region as well as Kazakhstan and Georgia. (DIPF/Orig.) Bozen : Bozen-Bolzano University Press 2014, IX, 328 S. - (Brixener Studien zu Sozialpolitik und Sozialwissenschaft; 2)

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    https://dx.doi.org/10.25656/01...
    Book . 2014
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      https://dx.doi.org/10.25656/01...
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    Authors: Schimmelpfenning, Sonja; Anter, Jano; Heidecke, Claudia; Lange, Stefan; +8 Authors

    On September 11 and 12, 2017, a symposium on "Irrigation in agriculture", jointly organized by the Thünen Institute, the Julius-Kühn Institute and the University of Applied Sciences Ostfalia took place at the Ostfalia University of Applied Sciences, Campus Suderburg. For this purpose, experts from the field of irrigation were invited to give current assessments on the development of irrigation needs and the irrigation-worthiness of different crops at different locations in Ger-many as well as on the development of irrigation technology. The irrigation of crops in outdoor vegetables or special crops has long been a common practice. The profitability of irrigating agri-cultural crops in Germany has so far been limited to a few, dry locations. As a result of climate change, an increasing average annual temperature and changed precipitation patterns (in partic-ular lower rainfall at the beginning of the vegetation period in spring) have been observed in Germany for some years now. For the future, according to the results of climate models, a fur-ther increase in temperatures and further changes in the precipitation distribution such as a de-crease in the summer precipitation and an increase in winter precipitation are to be expected. The conference proceedings provide an overview of the latest research findings from the field of drought stress and discuss possible alternative sources for meeting the additional water require-ments of agricultural crops. Aspects of the landscape water balance and hydrological correlations in the agricultural landscape are addressed and solutions presented. Insights into possible con-flicts of water use and practical experience with the development of solutions are accompanied by the presentation of the legal framework for water use. The contributions are supplemented by reports of long-term irrigation field trials conducted by the LWK Lower Saxony. On the one hand, the experiments have shown that irrigation can increase the nutrient efficiency of crops and the quality of crops. On the other hand, the present state of the art of irrigation will be explained and limits and possibilities for increasing efficiency in the future will be presented. In order to in-crease the efficiency of irrigation, irrigation control is of great importance; its current status is presented and the trends for the future are shown. The profitability of investments in irrigation technology is presented in two contributions. Here, both the different techniques and their prof-itability in different crops are assessed economically. Possible developments of regional irrigation needs are exemplarily shown for the federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia. The conference proceedings conclude with a chapter on the overview of previous projects in the field of water management and on irrigation of agricultural land in view of future climate change in Germany.

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    EconStor
    Research . 2018
    Data sources: EconStor
    https://dx.doi.org/10.22004/ag...
    Other literature type . 2018
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      https://dx.doi.org/10.22004/ag...
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    Weltweit spielen Großstaudämme eine immer wichtigere Rolle für die »erneuerbare« Energieversorgung und in den vielen Trockengebieten der Erde für die Bewässerung und Ausweitung der Landwirtschaft. Einige neuere Staudämme sind spektakuläre Riesenprojekte. Großstaudammprojekte sind aber inzwischen sehr umstritten, sie sind Konfliktherde; sie verändern die Landnutzung diametral, sie vertreiben die eingesessene Bevölkerung und zerstören deren Lebensgrundlagen. Die ökologischen und ökonomischen Auswirkungen sind nicht nur positiv, sondern sie weisen in erheblichem Maße auch negative Folgen auf. Dazu kommt, dass Staudamm und Nutzung der Wasserspeicher auch nur eine begrenzte Zeit möglich ist. Large water dams for energy generation and irrigation and its social problems: An introduction: Large dams play an increasingly important role worldwide for the renewable energy supply and in the many arid regions of the world for irrigation and the expansion of agriculture. Some of the newer dams are spectacular giant projects. Large dam projects are now very controversial, they are sources of conflicts; they change land use diametrically, they drive out the local population and destroy their livelihoods. The ecological and economic effects are not only positive, they also have negative consequences to a considerable extent. In addition, the dam and the use of the water reservoir are only possible for a limited time. Grandes represas para la generación de energía y proyectos de irrigación y sus conflictos sociales: Una introduccion: Las grandes represas desempeñan un papel cada vez más importante en todo el mundo en la producción de energia »renovable« y en las muchas regiones áridas del mundo para mejorar el riego y la expansión agricola. Algunas de las represas más nuevas son proyectos gigantescos. Muchos proyectos de represas tienen sus lados negativos y son fuentes de conflictos; cambian diametralmente el uso de la tierra, conducen al desalojos de la población local y destruyen sus fuentes de trabajo, también los efectos eco­lógicos y económicos son en gran medida negativos. Además el uso de las represan tienen un tiempo limitado y su desmontaje es costoso.

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    https://dx.doi.org/10.25592/wa...
    Part of book or chapter of book . 2021
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    Part of book or chapter of book . 2021
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    Part of book or chapter of book . 2021
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Rehmann, Felix; Cudok, Falk; Rupp, Valentin; Von Grafenstein, Max; +3 Authors

    Der vorliegende Bericht des Moduls Digitalisierung der Begleitforschung Energiewendebauen bestehend aus Forschenden von der Technischen Universität Berlin, der Universität der Künste, dem Einstein Center Digital Future und dem Institut für ökologische Wirtschaftsforschung quantifiziert Forschungsthesen zur Digitalisierung der Wärmewende in Deutschland. Hierfür wurden 270 Expert*innen befragt. Der Bericht beinhaltet die Bewertung von Thesen zu Modellierung, Datensuffizienz, digitalen Geschäftsmodellen, Datenschutz und Regulatorik, Umweltwirkungen digitaler Anwendungen, sowie allgemeine Einschätzungen und zukünftigen Forschungsthemen. Die Thesen fokussieren dabei die Digitalisierung im Kontext des klimagerechten Planen, Bauens und Betreiben von Gebäuden, Quartieren und Wärmenetzen. Diese Thesen sind aus Interviews und Workshops erarbeitet und dienen der Quantifizierung einzelner Aussagen. Die Antworten zeigen, dass den Expert*innen zufolge die passenden Technologien für die Energiewende bereits vorhanden sind, aber es an Regulierung, Zugänglichkeit von Lösungen, Automatisierung und Integration mangelt. Als mögliche Lösungen dienen Standards, Methoden zur Wiederverwendung von Daten und Software, gemeinsame Methoden zum Umgang mit Daten, insbesondere deren Aggregation, sowie Leitfäden und Richtlinien zur Schaffung von Transparenz und Benennung von Mehrwerten. Die Expert*innen gehen davon aus, dass vielen Menschen die Vorteile der Digitalisierung in der Energietechnik nicht klar sind. Die Befragten betonten die Bedeutung der Einbindung der Nutzenden in die Entwicklung und fordern transparente Leitlinien über die Notwendigkeiten, sowie Vor- und Nachteile der Digitalisierung. So wird beispielsweise die ökologische Bewertung digitaler Anwendungen als wichtig erachtet, jedoch fehlt es an Wissen und Informationen für eine umfassende Bewertung. Die Befragten wünschen sich Mechanismen zur Bewertung von Vor- und Nachteilen sowie die Entwicklung von geeigneten Benchmarks und Vergleichen. Die (fehlende) Regulierung wird als hinderlich für die Umsetzung neuer Geschäftsmodelle und der Wärmewende betrachtet. Es wurde betont, dass eine bessere Erklärung von Regulierung und Datenschutz erforderlich ist, zum Beispiel durch Zertifizierungsprogramme. Im Bereich Methoden und Modelle wird die Verfügbarkeit von Daten als entscheidend angesehen. Einfache Modelle und unterstützte Prozesse werden als Möglichkeiten zur Bewältigung des Fachkräftemangels genannt. Die effiziente Nutzung von Datensätzen, die Verfügbarkeit von unkritischen Daten von öffentlichem Interesse sowie offene Standardwerkzeuge werden ebenfalls als wichtige Aspekte betrachtet. Die Integration verschiedener Bausteine, wie technische Gebäudeausrüstung, Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologie und Gebäude, wird als Herausforderung angesehen. Lösungsansätze sehen die Befragten in Form von digitalen Schatten und modularer Aufteilung von Modellen und Datensätzen. The present report by the Digitalization Module of the accompanying research Energiewendebauen consists of researchers from the Technische Universität Berlin, the Berlin University of the Arts, the Einstein Center Digital Future, and the Institute for Ecological Economic Research. It quantifies research theses on the digitalization of the energy transition in Germany. For this purpose, 270 experts were surveyed. The report includes the rating of theses on modeling, data sufficiency, digital business models, data protection and regulations, environmental impacts of digital applications, as well as general assessments and future research themes. The questions focus on the digitalization in the context of climate-friendly planning, construction, and operation of buildings, neighborhoods, and heat networks. The theses are developed from interviews and workshops and serve to quantify individual statements. The responses indicate that, according to the experts, the proper technologies already exist, but there is a lack of regulation, accessibility of solutions, automation, and integration. Possible solutions mentioned include standards, methods for data reuse and aggregation, as well as guidelines and directives to create transparency and identify added value. The experts assume that many people are not aware of the benefits of digitalization in energy technology. The respondents emphasize the importance of involving users in the development and call for transparent guidelines on the necessities, advantages, and disadvantages of digitalization. For example, the ecological assessment of digital applications is considered important, but there is a lack of knowledge and information for a comprehensive evaluation. The respondents wish for mechanisms to assess advantages and disadvantages, as well as the development of fair benchmarks and comparisons. Regulation is considered hindering the implementation of new business models and the energy transition. The experts emphasize that better explanation of regulation and data protection is necessary, for example, through certification programs. In the field of methods and models, data availability is considered as crucial. Simple models and supported processes are mentioned as ways to address the shortage of skilled workers. Efficient use of datasets, availability of non-sensitive data of public interest, as well as open standard tools are also considered important aspects. The integration of various components, such as technical building equipment, information and communication technology, and buildings, is seen as a challenge. Respondents see solutions in the form of digital shadows and modular division of models and datasets.

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    https://dx.doi.org/10.14279/de...
    Report . 2023
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