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description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Doctoral thesis 2022 GermanyPublisher:Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Authors: Boer, Lukas;Diese Dissertation beantwortet verschiedene politikrelevante ökonomische Fragen in den Bereichen Handelspolitik, Geldpolitik, sowie Rohstoffmärkte und Energieökonomik mit Hilfe von strukturellen Vektorautoregressionsmodellen (SVAR). SVARs stellen eine effektive Möglichkeit dar, die Beziehungen zwischen verschiedenen makroökonomischen und/oder Finanzmarkt-Variablen zu modellieren und werden verwendet, um die dynamischen kausalen Effekte von ökonomischen Schocks zu schätzen. Für jede ökonomische Fragestellung wird eine Identifikationsstrategie angewandt, die auf die betrachteten Daten und ihre statistischen Eigenschaften sowie die zugrundeliegenden Annahmen über ökonomische Mechanismen zwischen den betrachteten Zeitreihen zugeschnitten ist. Im Einzelnen besteht diese Dissertation aus vier Kapiteln. In den ersten beiden Kapiteln werden die Auswirkungen von Handelspolitik auf Finanzmärkte und auf die Makroökonomie geschätzt. Das dritte Kapitel liefert einen methodischen Beitrag zur SVAR-Literatur, der in einer Anwendung zu den Effekten von Geldpolitik dargestellt wird. Das letzte Kapitel verlässt die Felder der Handels- und Geldpolitik und wendet sich Rohstoffmärkten und der Energiewirtschaft zu, stützt sich dabei aber ebenfalls auf Zeitreihenmethoden. Es analysiert die Rolle von Metallen in der Energiewende. This dissertation answers various policy relevant economic questions in the fields of trade policy, monetary policy, and commodity markets and energy economics using structural vector autoregression (SVAR) models. SVARs constitute a parsimonious way to model the relations between different macroeconomic and/or financial variables and they are used to estimate the dynamic causal effects of economic shocks. For each economic question, this dissertation applies an identification strategy that is tailored to the relevant data and its statistical properties as well as the underlying assumptions about economic mechanisms among the regarded time series. Specifically, this dissertation consists of four chapters. The first two chapters estimate the effects of trade policy on financial markets and on the macroeconomy. The third chapter makes a methodological contribution to the SVAR literature in an application to monetary policy shocks. The final chapter moves away from trade and monetary policy to commodity markets and energy economics but also relies on time series methods. It analyzes the role of metals for the clean energy transition.
Publikationsserver d... arrow_drop_down Publikationsserver der Humboldt-Universität zu BerlinDoctoral thesis . 2022Data sources: Publikationsserver der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlinadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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visibility 117visibility views 117 download downloads 119 Powered bymore_vert Publikationsserver d... arrow_drop_down Publikationsserver der Humboldt-Universität zu BerlinDoctoral thesis . 2022Data sources: Publikationsserver der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlinadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Doctoral thesis , Thesis 2008Embargo end date: 20 Jun 2008 GermanyPublisher:Universität Stuttgart Authors: Kruck, Christoph;doi: 10.18419/opus-1768
Die Stromerzeugung aus Windenergie hat in den vergangenen Jahren, insbesondere unterstützt durch das Erneuerbare-Energien-Gesetz (EEG), stark zugenommen und belief sich im Jahr 2006 auf einen Anteil von rund 4,8 % an der Bruttostromerzeugung. Aufgrund des fluktuierenden Charakters der Windstromerzeugung ist die Integration und Einspeisung dieses Anteils in das Netz der öffentlichen Versorgung bereits heute mit teilweise erheblichen Problemen verbunden. Diese werden sich in Zukunft weiter verstärken, wenn der geplante Einstieg in die Offshore-Windenergienutzung wie geplant stattfindet und in den kommenden Jahren einige GW Leistung Offshore installiert werden. Grundsätzlich bieten sich zwei Lösungsansätze für die angesprochene Problematik an, die sich gegenseitig ergänzen: Zum einen können durch exaktere Prognoseverfahren die zu erwartenden Windstrommengen besser vorhergesagt und damit zugleich die Fahrpläne der konventionellen (Schatten-)Kraftwerke genauer erstellt werden. Der Bedarf an Ausgleichsenergie wird durch dieses Verfahren minimiert. Im Fall von Windflauten muss jedoch die gesamte nachgefragte Leistung durch konventionelle Kraftwerke bereitgestellt werden. Zum anderen kann durch den Einsatz von Speicherkraftwerken eine zeitliche Entkopplung von Energieangebot und –bedarf realisiert werden, indem in Zeiten hohen Windenergieangebots ein Teil des Windstroms zwischengespeichert wird und umgekehrt in Windflauten das Speicherkraftwerk die Strombereitstellung übernimmt. Mit Hilfe dieses Verfahrens erfolgt dementsprechend eine Anpassung des Angebots an die Nachfrage. Die vorliegende Arbeit konzentriert sich auf den zweiten Ansatz und entwickelt ein Simulationsmodell, mit dessen Hilfe ein Windpark-Speicher-System abgebildet und eine Vergleichmäßigung des Windstroms durch Integration verschiedener Speichertechnologen (diabates/adiabates Druckluft-Speicherkraftwerk, Pumpspeicherkraftwerk) simuliert wird. Ziel der Vergleichmäßigung ist die kontinuierliche Bereitstellung einer garantierten Leistung. Die verbleibenden Fluktuationen werden durch einen Abgleich mit der Nachfrageseite in Form der Netzlast berücksichtigt. Für unterschiedliche Systemvarianten werden sowohl die Stromgestehungskosten als auch die spezifischen CO2-Emissionen berechnet, um auf dieser Basis einen Vergleich der einzelnen Systeme zu ermöglichen. Grundlegende Parameter wie beispielsweise die energetische Speicherkapazität, die spezifischen Investitionskosten der Windenergieanlagen und des Speicherkraftwerks oder auch die Bezugskosten für Ausgleichsenergie werden anschließend in Form von Sensitivitätsanalysen und Parametervariation detailliert untersucht. Auf diese Weise können die unter konstant gesetzten Parametern gewonnenen Ergebnisse bestätigt bzw. kritisch hinterfragt werden, wobei insbesondere der Einfluss der verschiedenen Eingangsgrößen auf die Stromgestehungskosten im Detail analysiert wird. In der Folge werden vielversprechende Systemkonfigurationen unter dem Zielkriterium möglichst geringer Stromgestehungskosten identifiziert. Zudem wird geprüft, welche Anforderungen an die Kostenentwicklung speziell von Druckluft-Speicherkraftwerken zu stellen sind, um mit einem konventionellen Vergleichssystem konkurrenzfähig zu werden. Power generation from wind energy has increased significantly in the past years reaching 4.8 % of the gross power generation. This development was especially promoted by the re-newable energy law (Erneuerbares-Energien-Gesetz). The integration and feed-in of this power into the grid is associated with considerable problems as the wind power generation is characterised by its fluctuating nature. These diffi-culties will grow and accelerate if the planned wind parks in the North or Baltic Sea with some GW power are realised in the following years. In principle there are two methods of resolution for this kind of problem which com-plement one another: On the one hand it’s possible to develop better forecasting models in order to forecast the wind power generation more accurately. By this means also the operation of the conventional power plants can be planned more accurately. In the consequence the de-mand for balancing power is minimized. Nevertheless it’s inevitable to provide the total sum of demanded power in times of wind calms by conventional power plants. Concerning the second method the operation of storage facilities is involved in the system in order to realise a temporal decoupling of energy supply and demand. In times with high wind power generation the storage unit is filled and vice versa in wind calms the storage facility is able to provide power. Thus the supply side is adapted to the demand side. The following thesis focuses on the second method. A tool is developed, simulating the operation of a windpark-storage system, in order to equalise the wind power generation by the help of different storage technologies (diabatic/adiabatic compressed air energy storage, pumped hydro). The equalisation aims at the continuous supply of a guaranteed power. Re-maining fluctuations of wind power are considered by a comparison of demand and supply side, whereas the demand side is represented by the system load. The costs of generating electricity as well as the specific CO2-emissions are calculated for different configurations resulting in a comparison of the different systems. Following fun-damental parameters as the energy storage capacity, the specific investment costs of the wind power plants and the storage facility or the price of balancing power are examined in detail by the help of a sensitivity analysis. In so doing it is possible to confirm or to question the results calculated with fixed parameters. In this context especially the influence of different parame-ters on the costs of generating electricity is analysed. Finally promising system configurations with the aim of reducing the costs of generat-ing electricity are identified. Moreover the requirements concerning the reduction of invest-ment costs especially of compressed air energy storage systems in order to achieve competi-tiveness with a conventional system are examined.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Doctoral thesis , Other literature type , Thesis 2014Embargo end date: 28 Mar 2014 GermanyPublisher:Universität Stuttgart Authors: Fischmann, Christian;The companies of the photovoltaic industry have experienced considerable growth in recent years. And further growth is forecasted for the coming years. By now, nearly two million single photovoltaic (PV) installations generate electricity from sunlight around the world. Thereby, the wafer-based PV products have a market share of about 80-85%. The interim shortage of silicon and the increasing cost pressure in the market give rise to ever thinner and larger wafers. Thus, the "PV Roadmap for Crystalline Silicon" of the German cell producers expects an average wafer thickness of 100 µm until 2020 and the next generation of wafer thickness in 2015. This trend brings about new challenges for the PV industry: due to the manual and automated handling in the manufacturing the silicon-based wafers are exposed to mechanical stress. If the wafers, however, become ever thinner they lose their mechanical stability and might form cracks when exposed to huge forces during the handling.These cracks, however, cause a higher breakage rate and are one of the main reasons for breakdowns of the finished modules. The damage-free handling of the very fragile silicon wafers will gain in importance due to the expected increase in the throughput. Therefore, the handling systems and components must not only handle the sensitive substrates as gently as possible but also with high speed and precision in the µm range. For this purpose, new adjusted handling components are required. This thesis aims at making a contribution to the optimal selection of handling components for the photovoltaic industry. The primary target is the development of an objective and vendor-independent evaluation procedure for grippers especially used in the cell and module manufacturing. The procedure to be developed should be suitable for cell, equipment and machine manufacturers as well as for component suppliers. Furthermore, the procedure should be applicable to identical and variable grippingprinciples. The result of the method should be the optimal decision guidance for the user and should enable an adequate and neutral classification of the tested gripper. Der enorme Ausbau der Produktionskapazitäten der Photovoltaik-Industrie in den vergangenen Jahren hat auch die Anforderungen an den Maschinen- und Anlagenbau erhöht. Die Automatisierung in der Fertigung von Solarzellen spielt dabei zur Sicherung von Qualität und Ausbeute und somit auch für die Kostenreduktion eine entscheidende Rolle. Die sich erhöhenden Materialtransportintensitäten zwischen den einzelnen Prozessschritten stellen dabei eine nicht zu vernachlässigende Herausforderung dar: Die zunehmend dünneren und fragilen Substrate bei verkürzten Zykluszeiten bringen insbesondere die Handhabung an deren physikalische Grenzen. Vor diesem Hintergrund gewinnt eine Bewertung der Leistungsfähigkeit von Handhabungskomponenten verstärkt an Bedeutung. Die Ausgangssituation zeigt, dass in der Zellfertigung aktueller Fertigungslinien insbesondere die greiferbasierte Handhabung mit Pick-and-Place-Charakter bereits parallel eingesetzt wird, um den hohen Durchsätzen gerecht zuwerden. Hierbei muss der Aufnahme- und Ablagevorgang so schnell und schädigungsarm durchgeführt werden, dass sowohl der geforderte Durchsatz, wie auch die erforderliche Qualität erreicht werden können. Durch diese Randbedingungen sind neue und erhöhte Anforderungen an die Greiferauswahl und die optimale Parametereinstellung des eingesetzten Greifers zu stellen. Die vorliegende Arbeit beschreibt ein neues, angepassten Verfahren für die Leistungsbewertung von Greifern für Silizium-Wafer. Im Vordergrund steht die Entwicklung eines objektiven und herstellerunabhängigen Bewertungsverfahrens für Greifer, die insbesonders in der Zell- und Modulfertigung eingesetzt werden. Das zu entwickelnde Verfahren kann sowohl von Zellherstellern, Anlagen- und Maschinenbauern, aber auch von Komponentenlieferanten eingesetzt werden. Das daraus resultierende Ergebnis soll eine optimale Entscheidungshilfe für den Anwender darstellen aber auch eine adäquate, neutrale Klassifizierung der getestetenGreifer ermöglichen.
Fraunhofer-ePrints arrow_drop_down Hochschulschriftenserver der Universität StuttgartDoctoral thesisData sources: Hochschulschriftenserver der Universität Stuttgartadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu2 citations 2 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
more_vert Fraunhofer-ePrints arrow_drop_down Hochschulschriftenserver der Universität StuttgartDoctoral thesisData sources: Hochschulschriftenserver der Universität Stuttgartadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2020Publisher:Celal Bayar University Authors: Ebru SAYGILI; Seher GÖREN YARGI; Deniz ERGİNER;The concept of sustainability is continuously used in the environment, tourism, architecture, businesses and economy. In this study, the sustainability reports of public companies listed in BIST Sustainability Index are analysed under economic, environment and social categories identified by in the Global Reporting Initiative Reporting Guide. The aim of the study is to determine the disclosure practices of listed companies about sustainability issues. The sustainability reports of companies listed in BIST Sustainability Index are analysed with content analysis using Nvivo software programme and the result of the analysis are evaluated. The results of the study indicated that the most highlighted issues are as follows; in economic sustainability economic performance, in environmental sustainability products and services, in social sustainability employee and, health and safety issues. Further, the results of the regression analysis indicate that as the firm age and number of employees increase firms issue more comprehensive sustainability reports.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Research , Article 2022Embargo end date: 14 Jun 2022 GermanyPublisher:TUHH Universitätsbibliothek Authors: Körner, Ina; Walk, Steffen; Lüssenhop, Phillipp;doi: 10.15480/882.4383
handle: 11420/12877
Die Energiewende einschließlich der Substitution von russischem Erdgas ist eine große Herausforderung, welche fördernde Maßnahmen in vielen Bereichen des Energiesektors verlangt. Einer dieser Bereiche ist die Erzeugung von Biomethan aus häuslichen Küchenabfällen. Diese beinhalten vorwiegend Lebensmittelabfälle. Ein großes ungenutztes Potenzial zu deren Nutzung ist vorhanden. Bürger, Abfallentsorger und Politik können beitragen, dieses zu realisieren. The energy transition, including the substitution of Russian natural gas, is a major challenge that requires supportive measures in many areas of the energy sector. One of these areas is the production of biomethane from domestic kitchen waste. This mainly includes food waste. There is a large untapped potential for its use. Citizens, waste management companies and politicians can contribute to realise this.
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visibility 203visibility views 203 download downloads 542 Powered bymore_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type 2020Publisher:Bundesministerium für Bildung, Wissenschaft und Forschung Authors: Buczko, Christina;doi: 10.25656/01:18984
Im Zentrum der Angebote transformativen Lernens oder transformativer Bildung steht die Frage, wie Bildung Menschen und auch Institutionen dabei unterstützen kann, globale Krisen und ihre oft lokalen Auswirkungen zu verstehen und ihnen zu begegnen. Wie kann eine positive Vision für die Zukunft aussehen, wie der Weg dorthin – und was kann jede/r Einzelne dazu beitragen? Am Beispiel der Genossenschaft für Gemeinwohl und der für Angebote im Bildungsbereich zuständigen Akademie für Gemeinwohl diskutiert der vorliegende Beitrag das Potential transformativer Bildungsangebote für ein demokratisches, nachhaltiges und am Gemeinwohl orientiertes Geld- und Finanzsystem. Beschrieben wird, wie ein vielfältiges Programm zu den Themen Geld und Finanzwesen sowie allgemein zu Wirtschaft und Politik im Sinne transformativer Bildung aussehen kann und welche Art von Wissen und Qualifikationen es hierzu zu vermitteln gilt. Übergeordnetes Ziel ist es, Bewusstsein für den Einfluss zu schaffen, den die Finanzwirtschaft auf unsere Wirtschaft, unsere Umwelt, unser Leben hat. (DIPF/Orig.) Transformative learning and transformative education offerings are organized around the question how education can support people as well as institutions in understanding and responding to global crises and their often local impacts. What is a positive vision for the future, what is the way there – and what can each individual do to achieve it? Using the examples of Genossenschaft für Gemeinwohl and Akademie für Gemeinwohl (Public Interest Academy), which is responsible for providing educational opportunities, this article discusses the potential of transformative education for a democratic, sustainable, public interest-oriented monetary and financial system. It describes what a diverse programme on the topics of money and finance and general economics and politics in the sense of transformative education might be like and what type of knowledge and qualifications are worth imparting. The overriding goal is to raise awareness of the influence that the financial industry has on our economy, our environment and our life. (DIPF/Orig.)
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visibility 223visibility views 223 download downloads 135 Powered bymore_vert Fachlicher Dokumente... arrow_drop_down add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2018Publisher:Verlag Klaus Seeberger Rosenberg, Dominique; Koring, Dustin; Pansegrau, Svenja; Rehling, Alexander; Busker, Maike; Jansen, Walter;doi: 10.25656/01:24703
Bei einer weiter zunehmenden Nutzung elektrischer Energie aus Wind- und Solaranlagen ist die Installation von wirksamen Speichersystemen unabdingbar. Neben Großakkumulatoren scheinen derzeit Redox-Flow-Batterien, über die hier berichtet wird, vielversprechende Systeme zu sein. (DIPF/Orig.) With a further increase in the use of electrical energy from wind and solar systems, the installation of effective storage systems is essential. In addition to large accumulators, redox flow batteries, which are reported on here, currently appear to be promising systems.
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visibility 190visibility views 190 Powered bymore_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2019Publisher:Wiley-VCH Authors: Rosenberg, Dominique; Busker, Maike; Jansen, Walter;doi: 10.25656/01:24709
Redox-Flow-Batteries gelten als Hoffnungsträger zur Energiespeicherung beispielsweise in der Energiewende oder in der Elektromobilität. Dabei kommen vor allem Redox-Flow-Batterie mit anorganischen Elektrolyten in Pilotprojekten zur Energiespeicherung in Einsatz. Doch wie lassen sich Redox-Flow-Batteries mit einfachen Versuchsaufbauten in der Schule umsetzen? (DIPF/Orig.) Redox flow batteries are regarded as a beacon of hope for energy storage, for example in the energy transition or in electromobility. In particular, redox flow batteries with inorganic electrolytes are used in pilot projects for energy storage. But how can redox flow batteries be implemented in schools with simple experimental setups? (Authors)
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visibility 99visibility views 99 Powered bymore_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Report 2022Publisher:Zenodo Funded by:EC | FCH2RAILEC| FCH2RAILKonrad, Marcel; Pagenkopf, Johannes; J��ger, Victoria Carolin; Dittus, Holger; Dura, Georg; Garbar, Alexander; Maa��, Jan-Christoph;The project partners Duisport AG, the DLR Institute of Vehicle Concepts and the Center for Fuel Cell Technology (ZBT) have investigated the feasibility of locomotives with hydrogen fuel cell hybrid powertrains (FCH) for typical use by Duisport Rail (dpr) in the Duisburg port area and on the public rail network.
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visibility 94visibility views 94 download downloads 81 Powered bymore_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Master thesis GermanyPublisher:Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen Authors: Strauch, Janine;The objective of this work is to examine the temporal and spatial variability of the climate types of China with regard to the climate shift that happened during the last century. Therefore, the climate types of China had to be defined with high precision. The method presented here is based on a non-hierarchical cluster analysis that allows us to define the climate types of China by an objective and statistical method. Thresholds were not defined prior to but after the analysis in order to describe areas covered by the same climate type and further to characterise the different regions by the chosen meteorological parameters. In addition to this, the cluster analysis allows us to define the climate types considering 7 parameters on the same level of classification. Using the significant trend analysis, climate change in China could be associated with the shifting of climate types during the last century. Summarizing the utility of cluster analysis and trend tests for the examination of climate change in China produced the following results: The shifting of climate types in China is mainly dominated by temperature which appears to correspond with the global warming process during the last century. Trend tests show a significant increase of the annual temperature for all analysed regions. Furthermore, well-known scientists have deduced a considerable increase of winter temperatures in China. Only the north-eastern regions show a significant influence of winter precipitation on the variability of climate types. Bisherige Arbeiten zur Klimaklassifikation Chinas verfolgen mehrheitlich die Ansätze effektiver Klassifikationsmethoden. Es fehlt bislang jedoch ein Ansatz, der versucht, den subjektiven Einfluss bei der Wahl der Grenzdefinitionen zu minimieren. Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist eine Klassifikation des chinesischen Klimas unter Minimierung des subjektiven Einflusses durch die Anwendung des multivariaten statistischen Verfahrens einer erweiterten nicht-hierarchischen Clusteranalyse. Als Datengrundlage wird ein hochauflösender Rasterdatensatz (0,5° x 0,5°) der CLIMATE RESEARCH UNIT verwendet, der monatliche Mittelwerte für Temperatur und Niederschlag für einen 100jährigen Zeitraum von 1900 bis 2000 liefert. Auf der Basis einer erweiterten nicht-hierarchischen Clusteranalyse werden 12 Klimatypen für die VR China ermittelt. Für jeden Klimatyp werden Parametermittelwerte berechnet, die eine umfassende Definition der Einzelklimate ermöglichen.Die hiesige Arbeit ist die aktuellste Typisierung des chinesischen Klimas. Eine zusätzliche Untersuchung des zeitlichen Wandels ergab starke räumlich und zeitliche Schwankungen der Klimatypengrenzen, die im Hinblick auf rezente Klimaänderungen in China wichtige Anhaltspunkte liefern.
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description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Doctoral thesis 2022 GermanyPublisher:Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Authors: Boer, Lukas;Diese Dissertation beantwortet verschiedene politikrelevante ökonomische Fragen in den Bereichen Handelspolitik, Geldpolitik, sowie Rohstoffmärkte und Energieökonomik mit Hilfe von strukturellen Vektorautoregressionsmodellen (SVAR). SVARs stellen eine effektive Möglichkeit dar, die Beziehungen zwischen verschiedenen makroökonomischen und/oder Finanzmarkt-Variablen zu modellieren und werden verwendet, um die dynamischen kausalen Effekte von ökonomischen Schocks zu schätzen. Für jede ökonomische Fragestellung wird eine Identifikationsstrategie angewandt, die auf die betrachteten Daten und ihre statistischen Eigenschaften sowie die zugrundeliegenden Annahmen über ökonomische Mechanismen zwischen den betrachteten Zeitreihen zugeschnitten ist. Im Einzelnen besteht diese Dissertation aus vier Kapiteln. In den ersten beiden Kapiteln werden die Auswirkungen von Handelspolitik auf Finanzmärkte und auf die Makroökonomie geschätzt. Das dritte Kapitel liefert einen methodischen Beitrag zur SVAR-Literatur, der in einer Anwendung zu den Effekten von Geldpolitik dargestellt wird. Das letzte Kapitel verlässt die Felder der Handels- und Geldpolitik und wendet sich Rohstoffmärkten und der Energiewirtschaft zu, stützt sich dabei aber ebenfalls auf Zeitreihenmethoden. Es analysiert die Rolle von Metallen in der Energiewende. This dissertation answers various policy relevant economic questions in the fields of trade policy, monetary policy, and commodity markets and energy economics using structural vector autoregression (SVAR) models. SVARs constitute a parsimonious way to model the relations between different macroeconomic and/or financial variables and they are used to estimate the dynamic causal effects of economic shocks. For each economic question, this dissertation applies an identification strategy that is tailored to the relevant data and its statistical properties as well as the underlying assumptions about economic mechanisms among the regarded time series. Specifically, this dissertation consists of four chapters. The first two chapters estimate the effects of trade policy on financial markets and on the macroeconomy. The third chapter makes a methodological contribution to the SVAR literature in an application to monetary policy shocks. The final chapter moves away from trade and monetary policy to commodity markets and energy economics but also relies on time series methods. It analyzes the role of metals for the clean energy transition.
Publikationsserver d... arrow_drop_down Publikationsserver der Humboldt-Universität zu BerlinDoctoral thesis . 2022Data sources: Publikationsserver der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlinadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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visibility 117visibility views 117 download downloads 119 Powered bymore_vert Publikationsserver d... arrow_drop_down Publikationsserver der Humboldt-Universität zu BerlinDoctoral thesis . 2022Data sources: Publikationsserver der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlinadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Doctoral thesis , Thesis 2008Embargo end date: 20 Jun 2008 GermanyPublisher:Universität Stuttgart Authors: Kruck, Christoph;doi: 10.18419/opus-1768
Die Stromerzeugung aus Windenergie hat in den vergangenen Jahren, insbesondere unterstützt durch das Erneuerbare-Energien-Gesetz (EEG), stark zugenommen und belief sich im Jahr 2006 auf einen Anteil von rund 4,8 % an der Bruttostromerzeugung. Aufgrund des fluktuierenden Charakters der Windstromerzeugung ist die Integration und Einspeisung dieses Anteils in das Netz der öffentlichen Versorgung bereits heute mit teilweise erheblichen Problemen verbunden. Diese werden sich in Zukunft weiter verstärken, wenn der geplante Einstieg in die Offshore-Windenergienutzung wie geplant stattfindet und in den kommenden Jahren einige GW Leistung Offshore installiert werden. Grundsätzlich bieten sich zwei Lösungsansätze für die angesprochene Problematik an, die sich gegenseitig ergänzen: Zum einen können durch exaktere Prognoseverfahren die zu erwartenden Windstrommengen besser vorhergesagt und damit zugleich die Fahrpläne der konventionellen (Schatten-)Kraftwerke genauer erstellt werden. Der Bedarf an Ausgleichsenergie wird durch dieses Verfahren minimiert. Im Fall von Windflauten muss jedoch die gesamte nachgefragte Leistung durch konventionelle Kraftwerke bereitgestellt werden. Zum anderen kann durch den Einsatz von Speicherkraftwerken eine zeitliche Entkopplung von Energieangebot und –bedarf realisiert werden, indem in Zeiten hohen Windenergieangebots ein Teil des Windstroms zwischengespeichert wird und umgekehrt in Windflauten das Speicherkraftwerk die Strombereitstellung übernimmt. Mit Hilfe dieses Verfahrens erfolgt dementsprechend eine Anpassung des Angebots an die Nachfrage. Die vorliegende Arbeit konzentriert sich auf den zweiten Ansatz und entwickelt ein Simulationsmodell, mit dessen Hilfe ein Windpark-Speicher-System abgebildet und eine Vergleichmäßigung des Windstroms durch Integration verschiedener Speichertechnologen (diabates/adiabates Druckluft-Speicherkraftwerk, Pumpspeicherkraftwerk) simuliert wird. Ziel der Vergleichmäßigung ist die kontinuierliche Bereitstellung einer garantierten Leistung. Die verbleibenden Fluktuationen werden durch einen Abgleich mit der Nachfrageseite in Form der Netzlast berücksichtigt. Für unterschiedliche Systemvarianten werden sowohl die Stromgestehungskosten als auch die spezifischen CO2-Emissionen berechnet, um auf dieser Basis einen Vergleich der einzelnen Systeme zu ermöglichen. Grundlegende Parameter wie beispielsweise die energetische Speicherkapazität, die spezifischen Investitionskosten der Windenergieanlagen und des Speicherkraftwerks oder auch die Bezugskosten für Ausgleichsenergie werden anschließend in Form von Sensitivitätsanalysen und Parametervariation detailliert untersucht. Auf diese Weise können die unter konstant gesetzten Parametern gewonnenen Ergebnisse bestätigt bzw. kritisch hinterfragt werden, wobei insbesondere der Einfluss der verschiedenen Eingangsgrößen auf die Stromgestehungskosten im Detail analysiert wird. In der Folge werden vielversprechende Systemkonfigurationen unter dem Zielkriterium möglichst geringer Stromgestehungskosten identifiziert. Zudem wird geprüft, welche Anforderungen an die Kostenentwicklung speziell von Druckluft-Speicherkraftwerken zu stellen sind, um mit einem konventionellen Vergleichssystem konkurrenzfähig zu werden. Power generation from wind energy has increased significantly in the past years reaching 4.8 % of the gross power generation. This development was especially promoted by the re-newable energy law (Erneuerbares-Energien-Gesetz). The integration and feed-in of this power into the grid is associated with considerable problems as the wind power generation is characterised by its fluctuating nature. These diffi-culties will grow and accelerate if the planned wind parks in the North or Baltic Sea with some GW power are realised in the following years. In principle there are two methods of resolution for this kind of problem which com-plement one another: On the one hand it’s possible to develop better forecasting models in order to forecast the wind power generation more accurately. By this means also the operation of the conventional power plants can be planned more accurately. In the consequence the de-mand for balancing power is minimized. Nevertheless it’s inevitable to provide the total sum of demanded power in times of wind calms by conventional power plants. Concerning the second method the operation of storage facilities is involved in the system in order to realise a temporal decoupling of energy supply and demand. In times with high wind power generation the storage unit is filled and vice versa in wind calms the storage facility is able to provide power. Thus the supply side is adapted to the demand side. The following thesis focuses on the second method. A tool is developed, simulating the operation of a windpark-storage system, in order to equalise the wind power generation by the help of different storage technologies (diabatic/adiabatic compressed air energy storage, pumped hydro). The equalisation aims at the continuous supply of a guaranteed power. Re-maining fluctuations of wind power are considered by a comparison of demand and supply side, whereas the demand side is represented by the system load. The costs of generating electricity as well as the specific CO2-emissions are calculated for different configurations resulting in a comparison of the different systems. Following fun-damental parameters as the energy storage capacity, the specific investment costs of the wind power plants and the storage facility or the price of balancing power are examined in detail by the help of a sensitivity analysis. In so doing it is possible to confirm or to question the results calculated with fixed parameters. In this context especially the influence of different parame-ters on the costs of generating electricity is analysed. Finally promising system configurations with the aim of reducing the costs of generat-ing electricity are identified. Moreover the requirements concerning the reduction of invest-ment costs especially of compressed air energy storage systems in order to achieve competi-tiveness with a conventional system are examined.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Doctoral thesis , Other literature type , Thesis 2014Embargo end date: 28 Mar 2014 GermanyPublisher:Universität Stuttgart Authors: Fischmann, Christian;The companies of the photovoltaic industry have experienced considerable growth in recent years. And further growth is forecasted for the coming years. By now, nearly two million single photovoltaic (PV) installations generate electricity from sunlight around the world. Thereby, the wafer-based PV products have a market share of about 80-85%. The interim shortage of silicon and the increasing cost pressure in the market give rise to ever thinner and larger wafers. Thus, the "PV Roadmap for Crystalline Silicon" of the German cell producers expects an average wafer thickness of 100 µm until 2020 and the next generation of wafer thickness in 2015. This trend brings about new challenges for the PV industry: due to the manual and automated handling in the manufacturing the silicon-based wafers are exposed to mechanical stress. If the wafers, however, become ever thinner they lose their mechanical stability and might form cracks when exposed to huge forces during the handling.These cracks, however, cause a higher breakage rate and are one of the main reasons for breakdowns of the finished modules. The damage-free handling of the very fragile silicon wafers will gain in importance due to the expected increase in the throughput. Therefore, the handling systems and components must not only handle the sensitive substrates as gently as possible but also with high speed and precision in the µm range. For this purpose, new adjusted handling components are required. This thesis aims at making a contribution to the optimal selection of handling components for the photovoltaic industry. The primary target is the development of an objective and vendor-independent evaluation procedure for grippers especially used in the cell and module manufacturing. The procedure to be developed should be suitable for cell, equipment and machine manufacturers as well as for component suppliers. Furthermore, the procedure should be applicable to identical and variable grippingprinciples. The result of the method should be the optimal decision guidance for the user and should enable an adequate and neutral classification of the tested gripper. Der enorme Ausbau der Produktionskapazitäten der Photovoltaik-Industrie in den vergangenen Jahren hat auch die Anforderungen an den Maschinen- und Anlagenbau erhöht. Die Automatisierung in der Fertigung von Solarzellen spielt dabei zur Sicherung von Qualität und Ausbeute und somit auch für die Kostenreduktion eine entscheidende Rolle. Die sich erhöhenden Materialtransportintensitäten zwischen den einzelnen Prozessschritten stellen dabei eine nicht zu vernachlässigende Herausforderung dar: Die zunehmend dünneren und fragilen Substrate bei verkürzten Zykluszeiten bringen insbesondere die Handhabung an deren physikalische Grenzen. Vor diesem Hintergrund gewinnt eine Bewertung der Leistungsfähigkeit von Handhabungskomponenten verstärkt an Bedeutung. Die Ausgangssituation zeigt, dass in der Zellfertigung aktueller Fertigungslinien insbesondere die greiferbasierte Handhabung mit Pick-and-Place-Charakter bereits parallel eingesetzt wird, um den hohen Durchsätzen gerecht zuwerden. Hierbei muss der Aufnahme- und Ablagevorgang so schnell und schädigungsarm durchgeführt werden, dass sowohl der geforderte Durchsatz, wie auch die erforderliche Qualität erreicht werden können. Durch diese Randbedingungen sind neue und erhöhte Anforderungen an die Greiferauswahl und die optimale Parametereinstellung des eingesetzten Greifers zu stellen. Die vorliegende Arbeit beschreibt ein neues, angepassten Verfahren für die Leistungsbewertung von Greifern für Silizium-Wafer. Im Vordergrund steht die Entwicklung eines objektiven und herstellerunabhängigen Bewertungsverfahrens für Greifer, die insbesonders in der Zell- und Modulfertigung eingesetzt werden. Das zu entwickelnde Verfahren kann sowohl von Zellherstellern, Anlagen- und Maschinenbauern, aber auch von Komponentenlieferanten eingesetzt werden. Das daraus resultierende Ergebnis soll eine optimale Entscheidungshilfe für den Anwender darstellen aber auch eine adäquate, neutrale Klassifizierung der getestetenGreifer ermöglichen.
Fraunhofer-ePrints arrow_drop_down Hochschulschriftenserver der Universität StuttgartDoctoral thesisData sources: Hochschulschriftenserver der Universität Stuttgartadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu2 citations 2 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
more_vert Fraunhofer-ePrints arrow_drop_down Hochschulschriftenserver der Universität StuttgartDoctoral thesisData sources: Hochschulschriftenserver der Universität Stuttgartadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2020Publisher:Celal Bayar University Authors: Ebru SAYGILI; Seher GÖREN YARGI; Deniz ERGİNER;The concept of sustainability is continuously used in the environment, tourism, architecture, businesses and economy. In this study, the sustainability reports of public companies listed in BIST Sustainability Index are analysed under economic, environment and social categories identified by in the Global Reporting Initiative Reporting Guide. The aim of the study is to determine the disclosure practices of listed companies about sustainability issues. The sustainability reports of companies listed in BIST Sustainability Index are analysed with content analysis using Nvivo software programme and the result of the analysis are evaluated. The results of the study indicated that the most highlighted issues are as follows; in economic sustainability economic performance, in environmental sustainability products and services, in social sustainability employee and, health and safety issues. Further, the results of the regression analysis indicate that as the firm age and number of employees increase firms issue more comprehensive sustainability reports.
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more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Research , Article 2022Embargo end date: 14 Jun 2022 GermanyPublisher:TUHH Universitätsbibliothek Authors: Körner, Ina; Walk, Steffen; Lüssenhop, Phillipp;doi: 10.15480/882.4383
handle: 11420/12877
Die Energiewende einschließlich der Substitution von russischem Erdgas ist eine große Herausforderung, welche fördernde Maßnahmen in vielen Bereichen des Energiesektors verlangt. Einer dieser Bereiche ist die Erzeugung von Biomethan aus häuslichen Küchenabfällen. Diese beinhalten vorwiegend Lebensmittelabfälle. Ein großes ungenutztes Potenzial zu deren Nutzung ist vorhanden. Bürger, Abfallentsorger und Politik können beitragen, dieses zu realisieren. The energy transition, including the substitution of Russian natural gas, is a major challenge that requires supportive measures in many areas of the energy sector. One of these areas is the production of biomethane from domestic kitchen waste. This mainly includes food waste. There is a large untapped potential for its use. Citizens, waste management companies and politicians can contribute to realise this.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type 2020Publisher:Bundesministerium für Bildung, Wissenschaft und Forschung Authors: Buczko, Christina;doi: 10.25656/01:18984
Im Zentrum der Angebote transformativen Lernens oder transformativer Bildung steht die Frage, wie Bildung Menschen und auch Institutionen dabei unterstützen kann, globale Krisen und ihre oft lokalen Auswirkungen zu verstehen und ihnen zu begegnen. Wie kann eine positive Vision für die Zukunft aussehen, wie der Weg dorthin – und was kann jede/r Einzelne dazu beitragen? Am Beispiel der Genossenschaft für Gemeinwohl und der für Angebote im Bildungsbereich zuständigen Akademie für Gemeinwohl diskutiert der vorliegende Beitrag das Potential transformativer Bildungsangebote für ein demokratisches, nachhaltiges und am Gemeinwohl orientiertes Geld- und Finanzsystem. Beschrieben wird, wie ein vielfältiges Programm zu den Themen Geld und Finanzwesen sowie allgemein zu Wirtschaft und Politik im Sinne transformativer Bildung aussehen kann und welche Art von Wissen und Qualifikationen es hierzu zu vermitteln gilt. Übergeordnetes Ziel ist es, Bewusstsein für den Einfluss zu schaffen, den die Finanzwirtschaft auf unsere Wirtschaft, unsere Umwelt, unser Leben hat. (DIPF/Orig.) Transformative learning and transformative education offerings are organized around the question how education can support people as well as institutions in understanding and responding to global crises and their often local impacts. What is a positive vision for the future, what is the way there – and what can each individual do to achieve it? Using the examples of Genossenschaft für Gemeinwohl and Akademie für Gemeinwohl (Public Interest Academy), which is responsible for providing educational opportunities, this article discusses the potential of transformative education for a democratic, sustainable, public interest-oriented monetary and financial system. It describes what a diverse programme on the topics of money and finance and general economics and politics in the sense of transformative education might be like and what type of knowledge and qualifications are worth imparting. The overriding goal is to raise awareness of the influence that the financial industry has on our economy, our environment and our life. (DIPF/Orig.)
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2018Publisher:Verlag Klaus Seeberger Rosenberg, Dominique; Koring, Dustin; Pansegrau, Svenja; Rehling, Alexander; Busker, Maike; Jansen, Walter;doi: 10.25656/01:24703
Bei einer weiter zunehmenden Nutzung elektrischer Energie aus Wind- und Solaranlagen ist die Installation von wirksamen Speichersystemen unabdingbar. Neben Großakkumulatoren scheinen derzeit Redox-Flow-Batterien, über die hier berichtet wird, vielversprechende Systeme zu sein. (DIPF/Orig.) With a further increase in the use of electrical energy from wind and solar systems, the installation of effective storage systems is essential. In addition to large accumulators, redox flow batteries, which are reported on here, currently appear to be promising systems.
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visibility 190visibility views 190 Powered bymore_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2019Publisher:Wiley-VCH Authors: Rosenberg, Dominique; Busker, Maike; Jansen, Walter;doi: 10.25656/01:24709
Redox-Flow-Batteries gelten als Hoffnungsträger zur Energiespeicherung beispielsweise in der Energiewende oder in der Elektromobilität. Dabei kommen vor allem Redox-Flow-Batterie mit anorganischen Elektrolyten in Pilotprojekten zur Energiespeicherung in Einsatz. Doch wie lassen sich Redox-Flow-Batteries mit einfachen Versuchsaufbauten in der Schule umsetzen? (DIPF/Orig.) Redox flow batteries are regarded as a beacon of hope for energy storage, for example in the energy transition or in electromobility. In particular, redox flow batteries with inorganic electrolytes are used in pilot projects for energy storage. But how can redox flow batteries be implemented in schools with simple experimental setups? (Authors)
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visibility 99visibility views 99 Powered bymore_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Report 2022Publisher:Zenodo Funded by:EC | FCH2RAILEC| FCH2RAILKonrad, Marcel; Pagenkopf, Johannes; J��ger, Victoria Carolin; Dittus, Holger; Dura, Georg; Garbar, Alexander; Maa��, Jan-Christoph;The project partners Duisport AG, the DLR Institute of Vehicle Concepts and the Center for Fuel Cell Technology (ZBT) have investigated the feasibility of locomotives with hydrogen fuel cell hybrid powertrains (FCH) for typical use by Duisport Rail (dpr) in the Duisburg port area and on the public rail network.
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visibility 94visibility views 94 download downloads 81 Powered bymore_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Master thesis GermanyPublisher:Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen Authors: Strauch, Janine;The objective of this work is to examine the temporal and spatial variability of the climate types of China with regard to the climate shift that happened during the last century. Therefore, the climate types of China had to be defined with high precision. The method presented here is based on a non-hierarchical cluster analysis that allows us to define the climate types of China by an objective and statistical method. Thresholds were not defined prior to but after the analysis in order to describe areas covered by the same climate type and further to characterise the different regions by the chosen meteorological parameters. In addition to this, the cluster analysis allows us to define the climate types considering 7 parameters on the same level of classification. Using the significant trend analysis, climate change in China could be associated with the shifting of climate types during the last century. Summarizing the utility of cluster analysis and trend tests for the examination of climate change in China produced the following results: The shifting of climate types in China is mainly dominated by temperature which appears to correspond with the global warming process during the last century. Trend tests show a significant increase of the annual temperature for all analysed regions. Furthermore, well-known scientists have deduced a considerable increase of winter temperatures in China. Only the north-eastern regions show a significant influence of winter precipitation on the variability of climate types. Bisherige Arbeiten zur Klimaklassifikation Chinas verfolgen mehrheitlich die Ansätze effektiver Klassifikationsmethoden. Es fehlt bislang jedoch ein Ansatz, der versucht, den subjektiven Einfluss bei der Wahl der Grenzdefinitionen zu minimieren. Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist eine Klassifikation des chinesischen Klimas unter Minimierung des subjektiven Einflusses durch die Anwendung des multivariaten statistischen Verfahrens einer erweiterten nicht-hierarchischen Clusteranalyse. Als Datengrundlage wird ein hochauflösender Rasterdatensatz (0,5° x 0,5°) der CLIMATE RESEARCH UNIT verwendet, der monatliche Mittelwerte für Temperatur und Niederschlag für einen 100jährigen Zeitraum von 1900 bis 2000 liefert. Auf der Basis einer erweiterten nicht-hierarchischen Clusteranalyse werden 12 Klimatypen für die VR China ermittelt. Für jeden Klimatyp werden Parametermittelwerte berechnet, die eine umfassende Definition der Einzelklimate ermöglichen.Die hiesige Arbeit ist die aktuellste Typisierung des chinesischen Klimas. Eine zusätzliche Untersuchung des zeitlichen Wandels ergab starke räumlich und zeitliche Schwankungen der Klimatypengrenzen, die im Hinblick auf rezente Klimaänderungen in China wichtige Anhaltspunkte liefern.
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