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The economy is undergoing a radical transformation in all its structures, completely changing the methods of management. Changes are taking place on a global scale based on the digital technologies being implemented. The role of the state and executive authorities is being completely rethought. They are transforming themselves into “digital governments”, IT platforms, and forming their own digital structures with a list of services that are necessary for the population. In this study the following 4 directions of development of the public administration system were identified and reviewed in detail: digital reforms in the public administration system; long-term balance and sustainability of public administration; focusing on improving the quality and efficiency of public services; implementation of project management methods for the development and implementation of state programs. Based on the conducted research, current trends in public administration have been highlighted, and it was concluded that the trends in the development of modern economies include the mandatory participation of the state.

The present study is motivated by the need to decouple economic growth from environmental degradation given the new wave of chase for higher economic growth trajectories comes with its environmental cost implications, especially among developing blocs like the Emerging 7 (E7) countries. There is a consistent trade-off between economic growth versus environmental quality. Government apparatus are perpetually on the chase for low-carbon emission policies via the pursuit for green economy. To this end, this present study extends the conventional environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) argument by incorporating the role of institution in emerging industrialized economies (E7) and using second-generation panel analysis methods like mean group (MG), augmented mean group (AMG), common correlated effects mean group (CCEMG), and the Dumitrescu and Hurlin causality test for more robust estimates and inferences. To this end, we explore the long-run and causality relationship between economic growth, quadratic form of economic growth, institutional quality, trade flow, investment in energy sector, and financial development in an EKC environment. Empirical analysis established a long-run equilibrium relationship among the outlined variables over the study period. The long-run regression shows the presence of EKC in the E7. Thus, suggesting the preference for GDP growth over environmental quality at the earlier stage of growth curve. Interestingly, investment in energy, trade flow dynamics across the blocs, and financial development dampens the detrimental effect of environmental pollution as we observed negative relationship with the ecological footprint. On the contrary, quality of institution is weak as institutional quality increase (worsen) the quality of environment in the E7 economies. From a policy perspective, this current study proposed the need for more stringent environmental treaties and regulations and promotion of green economy without compromising economic growth. In the conclusion part of the study, more details and specifics about the policy blueprint are presented.

We investigated how a community of microbial decomposers adapted to a reference site responds to a sudden decrease in the water quality. For that, we assessed the activity and diversity of fungi and bacteria on decomposing leaves that were transplanted from a reference (E1) to a polluted site (E2), and results were compared to those from decomposing leaves either at E1 or E2. The two sites had contrasting concentrations of organic and inorganic nutrients and heavy metals in the stream water. At E2, leaf decomposition rates, fungal biomass, and sporulation were reduced, while bacterial biomass was stimulated. Fungal diversity was four times lower at the polluted site. The structure of fungal community on leaves decomposing at E2 significantly differed from that decomposing at E1, as indicated by the principal response curves analysis. Articulospora tetracladia, Anguillospora filiformis, and Lunulospora curvula were dominant species on leaves decomposing at E1 and were the most negatively affected by the transfer to the polluted site. The transfer of leaves colonized at the reference site to the polluted site reduced fungal diversity and sporulation but not fungal biomass and leaf decomposition. Overall, results suggest that the high diversity on leaves from the upstream site might have mitigated the impact of anthropogenic stress on microbial decomposition of leaves transplanted to the polluted site.

Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana, 1996. Kaynakça (s. 70-76) var. v, 76(4) s. ; 30 cm. TEZ2238 …

To substantiate and structure demand-side flexibility aggregation, a legally binding contract between aggregator and consumers is key. Flexibility contracts are the focus of this work.

This final paper will describe the method of measuring operational parameters of wind farms. Measurements carried out in the field and the necessary legislative regulations for the construction of wind farms will be requested. The process of building a wind farm is shown through preliminary research in the area of the future wind farm, which takes about three years. Then follows the process of obtaining the necessary permits. During construction and after its completion, the emphasis is on carrying out technical tests and measurements. These tests are important regarding the safety, reliability and quality of the installed equipment. This paper will present an overview of the methods of measuring the operational parameters of wind farms, the energy aspects of wind and the necessary legislation in the regulation of the construction of wind farms. U ovom završnom radu opisat će se metoda mjerenja operativnih parametara vjetroparka. Prikazat će se mjerenja provedena na terenu i potrebna zakonodavna regulativa za potrebe izgradnje vjetroparkova. Proces izgradnje vjetroelektrane prikazan je kroz preliminarna istraživanja na području buduće vjetroelektrane, što traje cca tri godine. Potom slijedi proces ishođenja potrebnih dozvola. Tijekom izgradnje i nakon njezina završetka naglasak je na provođenju tehničkih ispitivanja i mjerenja. Ta ispitivanja bitna su glede sigurnosti, pouzdanosti i kvalitete ugrađene opreme. Kroz ovaj rad prikazat će se pregled metoda mjerenja operativnih parametara vjetroparkova, energetski aspekti vjetra te potrebna zakonodavstva u regulaciji izgradnje vjetroparkova.

21 ÖZET Bu çalışmada, sıçanlarda deneysel olarak geliştirilen stres (hareketsizlik + soğuk), indometazin, etanol ülserinde, ksantin oksidaz inhibitörü allopurinol ve serbest radikal tutucusu SOD'nin etkileri ve serbest oksijen radikallerinin stres, indometazin ve etanol ülseri gelişimindeki rolleri araştırılmıştır. Hareketsizlik + soğuk stresi uygulanan grupta ülser skoru (mm.) 20.0±3.8 olarak bulunurken, önceden allopurinol uygulanan sıçanlarda ülser skoru 9.8+1.3 olarak belirlenmiş ve her iki grubun değerleri birbiriyle karşılaştırıldığında fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur (p<0,001). SOD verilen ayrı bir grupta ise ülser skoru 13.4±2.4 olarak belirlenmiştir. Ülser kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırıldığında SOD'nin ülser gelişimini istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir şekilde (p<0,001) önlediği sap tanmıştır. İndometazin verilen sıçanlarda ülser skorunun 22.4±2.8mm. olduğu gözlenmiştir. İndomatezin verilme den önce allopurinol verilen grupta ülser skorunun 13.5±2.4, SOD verilen grupta ise ülser skorunun 7. 6±1. 3 mm. olduğu belirlenmiştir. Kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırıldığında, allopurinolün ve SOD'nin ülser gelişimini istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede22 (p<0,001) olarak azalttığı saptanmıştır. Ayrıca SOD ve Allopurinol uygulanan gruplar birbirleri ile karşılaştırıldığında SOD ' nin allopurinolden daha etkin bir şekilde lezyon gelişmesini engellediği belirlenmiştir. % 40 v/v etanol uygulanan sıçanlarda ülser skoru 23,8±5/9 olarak saptanmıştır. Allopurinol uygulanan grupta allopurinolün ülser gelişimini anlamlı olarak azalttığı (P<0,001); ülser skorunun 12.8±2.2 olduğu gözlenmiştir. SOD verilen grupta ise ülser skoru 18.7±4.8 olarak belirlenmiş ve kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırıldığında farkın istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olmadığı (p>0,005) saptanmıştır. Bu çalışmadaki çıkarımımız; stres ülserinde ksantin oksidaz ve lipoksi jenaz, indometazin ülserinde esas olarak lipoksijenaz ve daha az olarak ksantin oksidaz, etanol ülserinde ksantin oksidaz aracılığı ile oluşan serbest oksijen radikallerinin lezyon gelişiminde önemli rol oynadığını telkin ettiği şeklindedir. Sonuç olarak; deneysel oluşturulan stres, indometazin ve etanol ülserinde serbest oksijen radikallerinin de diğer hümoral mediyatörler yanında lezyon gelişmesinde önemli rolü olduğu ileri sürülebilir. 29

Dolomite-based binders are characterised by interesting technical and environmental features. For their synthesis, sources of both CaO and MgO are required. The idea developed in this work is to couple the synthesis of dolomite-based binders, starting from a natural dolomite, through the concept of concentrated solar energy (needed to drive the endothermal dolomite calcination process) in fluidised bed reactors. To this end, a fluidised bed system, where the concentrated solar radiation is mimicked by the use of Xe-lamps (short-arc), has been set up and operated. Natural dolomite (sieved in the 420-590 ?m size range) was calcined at a nominal temperature of 850 °C, and bed temperature profiles during solar-driven calcination were investigated. Then, four binders were prepared by mixing slaked dolomite (obtained from the hydration of solar calcined dolomite) with either blast furnace slag or coal fly ash as supplementary cementitious materials. The binders were hydrated for curing times ranging from 7 to 56 days. X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction and combined differential thermal and thermogravimetric analyses were employed as characterisation techniques both to analyse the chemical composition of starting materials and to investigate the evolution of the hydration in the four systems.

In this paper a novel generalised modelling framework for multi-energy systems containing storage elements is combined with a multi-objective model predictive control. The control objective is to both minimise the economic cost of importing energy into the system as well as providing the service of smoothing the profile of the electrical energy imported thus levelling the load and reducing peak demand. The capabilities of the approach are demonstrated by its application to a representative case study based on two buildings at the University of Manchester. Results show that model predictive control is capable of simultaneously addressing minimisation of economic cost as well as smoothing the electrical energy import.