• Energy Research
• 7. Clean energy close
• 13. Climate action close
• 11. Sustainability close
• Indonesian close
• USU Institutional Repository close

Today apartment dwellers generally tend to be individualistic righteously urban middleclass society in general. Unlike the situation in the neighborhood, where the level of socialization on the surrounding community is still quite high due to the surrounding community still likes hanging out with the neighbors, especially in the afternoon. Issues raised here is the lack of socialization that occurs between the residents in the apartment. Garden Living means “life park”. Garden is a garden that is as a place of socialization for residents and surrounding communities. Garden Living itself is to make the park as a place to socialize and interact with fellow residents of the apartment and the garden is also a gathering place for the general public. Lack of facilities to accommodate the occupants to socialize the reason the construction of an apartment that has an garden and is expected to become a place to socialize for the residents of the apartment. For the people who live around the apartment also will be built a public park so that people can still socialize and gather together. Taking the concept of Green Architecture or Sustainable Architecture, the building is minimal in consumption of natural resources, including energy, water, materials, and minimal negative impact on the environment. By the way of utilizing rain water and Deli river water and uses sunlight as a power source. 100406064

The purpose of this study is to analyze conversion of waste into biogas cattle against the income of the people in Karo and Deli Serdang. This study use primary data through questionnaires and interviews to people who are or have been managing the biogas from cattle waster in Karo and Deli Serdang. The analytical methods used in this study are descriptive statistics and multiple linier regression. The resuld showed that the time use of biogas, the price of cow manure and the number of dependents simultaneously positive and significant impact on people’s income. The time use of biogas is partially not significant positive effect on people’s income and the price of cow manure partially not significant positive effect on people’s income and the number of dependents partially positive effect is not significant to people’s income 100501159

Briquette is one of the biomass fuels which is used as a simple, inexpensive alternative energy source. Biomass used in this research were corncob and tea waste. The aim of this research was to find out the composition of Bio-Carbon Briquette processing from corncob and tea waste and to determine the best Bio one. Testing was conducted by using a non-factorial completely randomized design with parameters of water content, density, calorific value, and ash content. The results of this research showed that the composition of the briquette materials had highly significant effect on water content, density, calorific value, and ash content.The best water content in this research was 2.89% that met Japanese, American, British and Indonesian standards. The Density value was 0.415 g/cm3 which did not meet briquettes of Japanese, America, British and Indonesian standards. The best calorific value in this research was 10052.08 cal/g that met Japanese, American, British and Indonesian standards. The best ash content value in this research was 2.83% that met Japanese, American, British and Indonesian standards 110308002

Bioethanol fuel gel is renewable energy (renewable energy) potential as the source is updated and more secure when compared with liquid bioethanol. Besides ethanol gel fuel is also cheaper than fossil fuels such as premium, gas and kerosene. However, the use of bioethanol gel as a substitute for fossil fuels are still very minimal. This is due to factory producing bioethanol gel is limited and little is know how to capitalize on bioethanol gel that can be used in everyday life, as well as bio-ethanol gel stoves. For that, a special study is needed regarding the manufacture and performance of bioethanol gel-fueled stove.This study aims to create a prototype stove bioethanol gel and seek to know the characteristics and comparative performance of bioethanol gel fuel stove by creating a wide variety of combustion (burner) and the air hole diameter 5 mm, 4 mm, 3 mm, 2.5 mm, and 2 mm. Control variables in this study is the production of bioethanol gel CV. Fresh Joy International with ethanol content of 70%, 1.05% Carbopol, 7.33% moisture content with HHV 16942.572 (kJ / kg) and LVH 16717.369 (kJ / kg). Incinerators (burner) made from canned drinks (soft drinks) ex. The data in this study will be processed using a method Boilling Water Tester (WBT) in order to obtain results in the form of influence each - each a variation on bioethanol fuel burner on the stove gel. From the study showed, a stove with a second variation (V2) with a diameter of 4 mm air holes are stoves most effective and efficient with thermal efficiency values (hc) 67% and, blue flame characteristics and stable. 130421008

Biodiesel can be produced from either vegetable oil or animal fats through transesterfication process. Problem that usually appears in transesterification process is long reaction time because oil and alcohol are not mutually dissolved. The addition of co-solvent can help mixing the reactants. In this study chicken fat was used as feedstock for biodiesel production through transesterification reaction. The reaction of chicken fat using diethyl ether as co-solvent, NaOH as catalyst, and methanol as reactant at a ratio molar of methanol/ oil 6 : 1. Variables studied were temperature, reaction time, ratio of co-solvent to methanol, and the amount of catalyst on biodiesel characteristics. Products were analyzed by gas chromatography to obtain the composition of biodiesel. The biodiesel properties like methyl-ester content, density, and viscosity was evaluated and was found to compare well with Indonesian Standard (SNI). The results of this work showed that the use of chicken fat is very suitable as low cost feedstock for biodiesel production. The best result was obtained in a ratio of co-solvent/ methanol 0,5 : 1 (v/v), a temperature of 35oC, 20 minutes of reaction time, and 0,8 % (w/w) of catalyst amount. 100405055

Transesterification reaction 50 gr of jatropha curcas in 8 % PSS catalyst to methanol 26 ml in 120 0 C for 6 hours obtained mix massa (is metil ester, monoglyserida, diglyserida and triglyserida) with 48,13 gr. The physical feature such as viscosity 6.79 cSt, density 0.734 gr/cm3, Iod grade 67.21 gI2/100gr, cloud point -1 0 C, water content 0 0 C and flash point 158 0 C which result chemical feature in Gascromatografy (GC). The result chemical compotion as 93.35 % metil ester, 0.348 % monoglyserida, 0.448 % diglyserida and 0.685 % triglyserida in result transesterification reaction. The comparison with result of before resech existence of physical feature is the best in transesterification reaction condition with PSS catalyst 8 % compared to PSS catalyst 4 % can be write with SNI Biodiesel standard dan Standard Solar. The longer is the catalyst reaction, longer sum methanol and increase themperature make higer is the reaction converdion that resulted important change in the physical feature of biodiesel. The physical feature showed that the castor oil derivative biodiesel may be used to be one alternative of substituting diesel fuel. 107026005

Biogas is flammable gas produced from the fermentation of organic matter by anaerobic bacteria derived from household waste manure ( cow , pig , chicken ) and organic waste including POME . POME is a condensate of the sterilization process liquid derived from palm oil processing into crude palm oil . The purpose of this study to determine performasi biogas fuel and then compare it with premium fuel . Performance may include power , torque , specific fuel consumption , thermal efficiency , air-fuel ratio , exhaust emissions and combustion in spark plugs . Testing is done by using a variation of the lamp load 100W , 200W , 300W , 400W , and 500W . This study utilizes the biogas produced from palm oil wastewater to be used as fuel in the generator engine 4-stroke otto Starke GFH1900LX type with 1.3 kW peak power , average power 1.0 kW , bore 55 mm , stroke 40 mm , Vd 95 ×〖10〗^(-6 ) m^3, Vc 10 ×〖10〗^(-6 ) m^3, the ratio of compression 10.5 : 1 , and just 1 cylinder . From the test resultshowed the value of power, torque, brake thermal efficiency, AFR, emission levels of CO and O2 decreases. Meanwhile an increase in the value of sfc, emissions of HC and CO2. 090401087

Energy is needed by people but sooner or later the world's oil reserves will be depleted. Generally energy needs are dominated by fossil fuels such as petroleum, natural gas and coal. It is time for Indonesia to reduce dependence on fossil fuels by developing alternative fuels that are renewable and environmentally friendly (renewable). There are three types of alternative energy that can be researched and developed in the world today such as biodiesel, bioethanol and biogas. One potential alternative to be developed was the use of bioethanol. Bioethanol is an alternative fuel that is processed from plants (biomass) by fermentation. In this study, the raw material used to make bioethanol is jackfruit seeds. During this time only used as a jackfruit seeds that only a small proportion of waste utilized as livestock feed and even largely discarded. In fact, if further processed jackfruit seeds can provide added value. This research aims to make bioethanol with various concentrations of yeast and fermentation time. The main process is hydrolysis fermentation using yeast Saccharomyces Cereviciae; and purification by distillation. The variables used were changes in the concentration of yeast 3, 6, 9%; and fermentation time 2, 3, 4 days. From the analysis of the research results obtained bioethanol yield per amount of raw materials best start was 10.9 ml/kg with a density of 0.959 g/ml and the calorific value sebasar 196.899 kkal/kg, ie at 9% concentration variation yeast and fermentation time 3 days. 130425007

Human beings are faced with a situation depleted reserve a source of fossil energy and the increased environmental damage due to use fossil energy. Seeing this condition fuel cell technology is proper to reduce dependence on fossil energy sources. The aim of this research is to find out the influence of the addition of the thickness of a gasket against the production of hydrogen at dry cell and prove machine drycell as an instrument for producing hydrogen. Methods used in this research is the electrolysis of dry (dry cells), change water (H2O) to produce hydrogen pure with varying thickness gaskets on drycell to obtain higher productivity hydrogen and the machine drycell. Research results obtained time the production of highest obtained in testing thick gaskets 1.5 mm by concentration of the KOH 4,66 % and a strong current 26 ampères which reaches 68 second, the rate productivity 4,9085 x 10-5 kg/s with temperature 44,42 OC and time productivity minimum produced at testing KOH 4 % with thick gaskets 6 mm and strong current of 20 ampere reaching 132 seconds with temperature 38,97 OC rate and productivity 2,528 x 10-5 kg./s. Conclusion obtained that time production and rate flow resulting decreasing if thickness gaskets are increasing and of temperature produced by the declining and energy required get bigger, so is otherwise 090401041

Increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide (CO2),methane (CH4),nitrous oxide (N2O), hydrofluorocarbons (HFC),perfluorocarbons (PFC)and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) in the atmosphere already have environmental impacts caused by rising air temperature at the earth. Forests can absorb greenhouse gases by way of transforming CO2 from the air to deposit the carbon stored in trees. This research use Eucalyptus IND 61 as material research which is this clon is derivative or hybrid clon from Eucalyptus grandis and Eucalyptus urophylla. The objective of this research are (1) estimating potency of biomass and carbon mass from Eucalyptus IND 61 age 5 years; (2) analyzing the differences in carbon content of stems, twigs and leaves from Eucalyptus IND 61 age 5 years; (3) getting the allometric model to estimating carbon stocks potential of Eucalyptus IND 61 age 5 years. The research was carried out in two stages, namely the first stage were to data in the field and the second stage was analyze of carbon biomass and plant in the laboratory. Parameters measured in the field was wet weight, whereas in the laboratory is measured moisture content, volatile matter content, ash content and carbon content. The results of the case study on Eucalyptus IND 61 age 5 years stands, showed that there is a differences in carbon content of stems, twigs and leaves. The highest carbon mass is in the main stem of the tree, and the lowest is in the twigs. The best model allometric equations for estimating biomass and carbon mass of Eucalyptus IND 61 age 5 years was W=47.238-68.109D+2.675D2 and C=25.712-37.647D+1.474D2 (W=biomass; C=carbon mass; D=diameter), resulting in biomass and carbon mass of Eucalyptus IND 61 age 5 years 100.21 ton/ha and 47.08 ton/ha respectively. 121201152