• Energy Research
• 2021-2025close
• 14. Life underwater close
• Russian close

The current state of the macrozoobenthos in the pseudolittoral zone of the Kazachya Bay was studied and a comparative analysis of its qualitative composition and quantitative indicators was carried out in different periods and seasons of the research. In 2007–2010 and 2021–2022, 86 macrozoobenthos species from different taxa: Polychaeta (36 species), Crustacea (33), Mollusca (13), Platyhelminthes, Oligochaeta, Chironomidae and Nemertea were found. By 2022, their number increased by 1.6 times. Moreover, 38 species of hydrobionts were added to the list. Fourteen species of macrozoobenthos were identified only in 2007–2010. Average values of abundance and biomass of macrozoobenthos in 2007–2010 varied from 774±176 to 4051±306 ind./m2 and from 0.585±0.216 to 12.57±0.033 g/m2, respectively. In 2021- 2022, they varied from 24±17 to 7352±3514 individuals/m2 and from 0.021±0.016 to 18.945±11.557 g/m2, respectively. In both periods, maximum abundance of macrozoobenthos formed by Polychaeta was registered in summer. In 2007–2010, the maximum biomass of macrozoobenthos was registered in summer, and in 2021–2022 it was observed in autumn. Mollusks made a significant contribution to this indicator in both periods. The trophic structure of macrozoobenthos is represented by polyphages, phytophages, detritophages and carnivores. In 2007–2010, oligochaetes were registered in 43 % of the samples in winter; H. acuta (Draparnaud, 1805), which belongs to plant detritivores, was the dominanhe species from April to September. In 2021–2022, the largest number of mass species was registered in the autumn-winter period, and S. papillocercus Bobretzky, 1872 dominated there. In spring and summer, polychaetes Capitella capitata (Fabricius, 1780), Salvatoria clavate (Claparиde, 1863), Microphthalmus fragilis Bobretzky, 1870 and amphipod Pectenogammarus foxi (Schellenberg, 1928) - representatives of polyphagous and phytophagous species - dominated in terms of occurrence. Changes in the number and taxonomic diversity of mass species with different feeding types in different seasons can be associated with the breeding season of hydrobionts and changes in the food supply. 

The article analyzes the management of water resources in coastal areas. Most stations are characterized by a significant negative precipitation trend in winter and a positive annual trend of mixed and liquid precipitation with an increase in their share in the autumn months. The presence of statistically significant positive trends in river runoff in the autumn-winter period was established for 51 hydrological posts. We assume that the increase in low water is mainly due to the transition of the type of precipitation from solid to liquid and the corresponding increase in runoff in September, continuing in subsequent months. As a result of climate change, there are pronounced transformations of the hydrological regime, especially affecting the territory of the North-East of Russia. В статье анализируется управление водными ресурсами на прибрежных участках. Для большинства станций характерен значительный отрицательный тренд осадков зимой и положительный годовой тренд смешанных и жидких осадков с увеличением их доли в осенние месяцы. Наличие статистически значимых положительных трендов речного стока в осенне-зимний период установлено по 51 гидрологическому посту. Мы предполагаем, что увеличение межени в основном связано с переходом типа осадков от твердых к жидким и соответствующим увеличением стока в сентябре, продолжающимся в последующие месяцы. В результате климатических изменений происходят ярко выраженные трансформации гидрологического режима, особенно затрагивающие территорию Северо-Востока России. Экономика и предпринимательство, Выпуск 3 (152) 2023, Pages 650-653

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This work is devoted to the wave energy in the Caspian Sea analysis for the period from 1979 to 2020. Wave energy calculations were performed using the WAVEWATCH III wave model on an irregular grid with a step of up to 900 m in the coastal zone. Results are obtained on the spatial variability of the wave energy flux and its seasonal variability. The maximum values of the energy flux are about 5 kW/m of the wave front and appear in the central part of the Caspian Sea. Availability of wave energy of 1 kW/m in the central part of the Caspian Sea is 50-55%, in the northern part – no more than 20%, and in the southern part – 30-45%. The seasonal variability of the energy flux analysis for three points located in different parts of the sea has been carried out. Seasonal changes in the energy flow are most pronounced in the central part of the sea: in the summer months, the energy flow is 2-5 kW/m, and in winter it increases to 7-10 kW/m. The maximum average monthly flow of wave energy was 18.5 kW/m of the wave front.

В исследовании рассмотрены возможности развития коммерческого рыболовства в Карском море. Показано, что климатические изменения могут оказать положительное влияние на увеличение вылова рыбных ресурсов в акватории Карского моря, вследствие сокращения площади оледенения и увеличения популяции рыбных ресурсов. Проведен анализ состояния рыбной промышленности в Ямало-Ненецком АО и определена важность развития этой отрасли для экономики региона. The study considers the possibilities for the development of commercial fishing in the Kara Sea. It is shown that climate change can have a positive impact on the increase in the catch of fish resources in the Kara Sea, due to the reduction in the area of ​​glaciation and the increase in the population of fish resources. The analysis of the state of the fishing industry in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug was carried out and the importance of the development of this industry for the economy of the region was determined.