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Background: Progressive CO2-induced ocean acidification (OA) impacts marine life in ways that are difficult to predict but are likely to become exacerbated over generations. Although marine fishes can balance acid–base homeostasis efficiently, indirect ionic regulation that alter neurosensory systems can result in behavioural abnormalities. In marine invertebrates, OA can also affect immune system function, but whether this is the case in marine fishes is not fully understood. Farmed fish are highly susceptible to disease outbreak, yet strategies for overcoming such threats in the wake of OA are wanting. Here, we exposed two generations of the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) to end-of-century predicted pH levels (IPCC RCP8.5), with parents (F1) being exposed for four years and their offspring (F2) for 18 months. Our design included a transcriptomic analysis of the olfactory rosette (collected from the F2) and a viral challenge (exposing F2 to betanodavirus) where we assessed survival rates.Results: We discovered transcriptomic trade-offs in both sensory and immune systems after long-term transgenerational exposure to OA. Specifically, RNA-Seq analysis of the olfactory rosette, the peripheral olfactory organ, from 18-months-old F2 revealed extensive regulation in genes involved in ion transport and neuronal signalling, including GABAergic signalling. We also detected OA-induced up-regulation of genes associated with odour transduction, synaptic plasticity, neuron excitability and wiring and down-regulation of genes involved in energy metabolism. Furthermore, OA-exposure induced up-regulation of genes involved in innate antiviral immunity (pathogen recognition receptors and interferon-stimulated genes) in combination with down-regulation of the protein biosynthetic machinery. Consistently, OA-exposed F2 challenged with betanodavirus, which causes damage to the nervous system of marine fish, had acquired improved resistance.Conclusion: F2 exposed to long-term transgenerational OA acclimation showed superior viral resistance, though as their metabolic and odour transduction programs were altered, odour-mediated behaviours might be consequently impacted. Although it is difficult to unveil how long-term OA impacts propagated between generations, our results reveal that, across generations, trade-offs in plastic responses is a core feature of the olfactory epithelium transcriptome in OA-exposed F2 offspring, and will have important consequences for how cultured and wild fish interacts with its environment. In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Gattuso et al, 2021) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation by seacarb is 2022-09-28.

AFLP genotypes for individual male Brown Argus butterflies (Aricia agestis). See ReadMe file for detailed description of file contents.

Understanding how rising temperatures, ocean acidification, and hypoxia affect the performance of coastal fishes is essential to predicting species-specific responses to climate change. Although a population's habitat influences physiological performance, little work has explicitly examined the multi-stressor responses of species from habitats differing in natural variability. Here, clearnose skate (Rostaraja eglanteria) and summer flounder (Paralichthys dentatus) from mid-Atlantic estuaries, and thorny skate (Amblyraja radiata) from the Gulf of Maine, were acutely exposed to current and projected temperatures (20, 24, or 28 °C; 22 or 30 °C; and 9, 13, or 15 °C, respectively) and acidification conditions (pH 7.8 or 7.4). We tested metabolic rates and hypoxia tolerance using intermittent-flow respirometry. All three species exhibited increases in standard metabolic rate under an 8 °C temperature increase (Q10 of 1.71, 1.07, and 2.56, respectively), although this was most pronounced in the thorny skate. At the lowest test temperature and under the low pH treatment, all three species exhibited significant increases in standard metabolic rate (44–105%; p < 0.05) and decreases in hypoxia tolerance (60–84% increases in critical oxygen pressure; p < 0.05). This study demonstrates the interactive effects of increasing temperature and changing ocean carbonate chemistry are species-specific, the implications of which should be considered within the context of habitat. In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Gattuso et al, 2022) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation by seacarb is 2023-06-08.

The Local Environmental Observer (LEO) Network is comprised of local experts who share their knowledge and experiences to describe environmental events in their communities. They apply local and traditional knowledge and modern technology to share their observations and raise awareness about the changing conditions of the circumpolar north. There are over 100 LEOs located through out Alaska and Canada in over sixty communities. The LEO Network is hosted by the Center for Climate and Health at the Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium. It is supported by the United States Environmental Protection Agency, Indian Health Service, and the Centers for Disease Control. Members of the LEO Network are employed in the environmental, health, natural resource, or community services fields for federally recognized tribes and tribal organizations.

Thailand is one of the world���s most popular wedding destinations. One reasons for this is the 5-D qualities that it possesses: Destination Extraordinaire; Diverse Choices; Dream Hideaways; Delectable Tastes; and Distinct Hospitality. However, couples often seek to travel from Bangkok, which is incredibly rich in 5-D experiences in its own right, to its provinces to have their weddings instead of holding them within Bangkok itself. Such actions can greatly increase the distances people have to travel to attend such ceremonies and the carbon footprints of the weddings themselves, while reducing the income that wedding businesses in Bangkok could receive. This study investigates why this is the case, and what might be done to help address this particular situation. It additionally investigates other measures that could be taken to make the wedding industry in Thailand in general more sustainable. Furthermore, it investigates the situation that has arisen as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, the measures wedding businesses are taking to survive, and possible initiatives that could be taken for the Customer Journey to help them, and others, survive in the new normal and beyond. One of the most promising of these appears to be the proposed Bangkok Experience (ceremony and sightseeing photo opportunities combined) concept, which the author suggests could greatly increase Bangkok���s attractiveness as a weddingdestination, even during periods of social distancing. Other possible initiatives are also discussed to increase wedding industry resilience.

This data collection is part of a longitudinal survey designed to provide detailed information on the economic situation of households and persons in the United States. These data examine the distribution of income, wealth, and poverty in American society and gauge the effects of federal and state programs on the well-being of families and individuals. There are three basic elements contained in the survey. The first is a control card that records basic social and demographic characteristics for each person in a household, as well as changes in such characteristics over the course of the interviewing period. The second element is the core portion of the questionnaire, with questions repeated at each interview on labor force activity, types and amounts of income, participation in various cash and noncash benefit programs, attendance in postsecondary schools, private health insurance coverage, public or subsidized rental housing, low-income energy assistance, and school breakfast and lunch participation. The third element consists of topical modules, which are series of supplemental questions asked during selected household visits. A topical module was not created for the first wave of the 1986 panel. The topical module for Wave II is considered a Personal History topical module. It includes data on fertility, marital status, migration, recipiency of transfer payments, employment, work disability, and education and training history. Data on family background and household relationships are also provided. Wave III topical module concerns child care arrangements, child support agreements, support for nonhousehold members, job offers, health status and utilization of health care services, long-term care, and disability status of children. Wave IV topical module includes data on assets and liabilities, real estate property and vehicles, retirement expectations and pension plans. The topical module for Wave V includes questions on educational financing and enrollment. Wave VI topical module covers child care arrangements, child support agreements, support for nonhousehold members, work related expenses, housing costs, and energy usage. Wave VII topical module covers assets and liabilities. Datasets: DS0: Study-Level Files DS1: Wave I Rectangular Data DS2: Data Dictionary for Wave I Rectangular File DS3: Wave II Rectangular Core and Topical Module Data DS4: Data Dictionary for Wave II Rectangular Core and Topical Module File DS5: Wave III Rectangular Core and Topical Module Data DS6: Data Dictionary for Wave III Rectangular Core and Topical Module File DS7: Wave IV Rectangular Core and Topical Module Data DS8: Data Dictionary for Wave IV Rectangular Core and Topical Module File DS9: Wave V Rectangular Core and Topical Module Data DS10: Data Dictionary for Wave V Rectangular Core and Topical Module File DS11: Wave VI Rectangular Core and Topical Module Data DS12: Data Dictionary for Wave VI Rectangular Core and Topical Module File DS13: Wave VII Rectangular Core and Topical Module Data DS14: Data Dictionary for Wave VII Rectangular Core and Topical Module File DS15: Frequencies, Wave I DS16: Frequencies, Wave II DS17: Frequencies, Wave III DS18: Frequencies, Wave IV DS19: Frequencies, Wave V DS20: Frequencies, Wave VI DS21: Frequencies, Wave VII DS22: Wave 5 Core and Topical Module Microdata Research File DS24: User Guide A multistage stratified sampling design was used. The 1986 panel consisted of 11,513 households. One-fourth of these households were interviewed each month, and households were reinterviewed at four-month intervals. All persons at least 15 years old who were present as household members at the time of the first interview were included for the entire study, except those who joined the military, were institutionalized for the entire study period, or moved from the United States. Original household members who moved during the study period were followed to their new residences and interviewed there. New persons moving into households of members of the original sample also were included in the survey, but were not followed if they left the household of an original sample person. Resident population of the United States, excluding persons living in institutions and military barracks.

This is a dataset of the PAH raw data in PM2.5 and PM10 with sampling dates and locations.

Systematic review protocol registration

The output is simulated cases per 1000 population for a highland location in the Kenyan highlands. Each file represents a single ensemble member integration of the model in the final generation of the genetic algorithm calibration method outlined in the paper. The global meta data gives the set of parameters used to define this run, as well as the exact version of the model code used (ref. http://www.gitlab.com/tompkins/vectri). Supplement to: Tompkins, Adrian Mark; Thomson, Madeleine C (2018): Uncertainty in malaria simulations in the highlands of Kenya: Relative contributions of model parameter setting, driving climate and initial condition errors. PLoS ONE, 13(9), e0200638

This data file includes data on malaria infection in individual mosquitoes. For each temperature treatment we dissected midguts (on day 7 post infection) or salivary glands (day 15 post infection) from 20 individual mosquitoes within each temperature treatment if numbers permitted. The "Oocyst_data" tab includes data on whether or not a mosquito had oocysts on its midgut and overall oocyst burden. The "Sporozoite_data" tab includes information on whether or not an individual mosquito had sporozoites in its salivary glands. The "Data codes" tab includes information describing each column and how it is coded across both the "Oocyst_data" and "Sporozoite_data" tabs.