The Air Traffic Control - Trajectory Based Operations (ATC-TBO) project proposes to validate TBO SESAR Solutions for flights in the tactical execution phase for en-route and TMA operations, thus contributing to the finalisation of the SESAR Phase C developed in SESAR 2020 and the realisation of the Digital European Sky vision in SESAR Phase D. The results are expected to contribute to capacity, operational efficiency, safety, environment and cost efficiency. The SESAR Solutions, with the TRL/EOCVM levels at the start and end of the project are: • Solution #4: Improved automation in sector planning and separation management via enhanced trajectory predictions and controller tools, including the completion of Solution 53A from SESAR 2020 to V3 (Initial = TRL4/V2; Target = TRL6/V3) • Solution #5: Improved air/ground trajectory synchronisation via lateral and vertical complex CPDLC clearances to support TBO, including completion of Solution 56 from SESAR 2020 to V3 (Initial = TRL4/V2; Target = TRL6 /V3) • Solution #6: Advanced separation management function concepts and tools, making use of more reliable trajectory information and advanced use of datalink/CPDLC (Initial = TRL1/2 (V0/V1); Target = TRL4/V2) The ATC TBO project consortium - with EUROCONTROL as the project coordinator, and steering from the PMB and the SJU - brings together 14 ANSPs, 1 airspace user, 10 airborne and ground industry partners, 5 research establishments, and 1 university. 14 EU member states, Switzerland and the UK are represented. The proposal describes 21 validation exercises including real-time simulations, fast-time simulations, and expert groups. The 'design', 'development & validation', and 'data pack & maturity gate' phases are planned for the second half of 2023, 2024, 2025 and the first half of 2026.

GEESE will develop with SESAR the introduction of Wake Energy Retrieval (WER) operations within Europe. Two solutions will be developed in GEESE, and a transversal Wake science work package: The first one is "Enable Europe to North Atlantic WER Operations". This Solution will continue developing and refining the initial Concept of operation (CONOPS), its Safety assessment, analyse impacts on legacy systems, and develop simulations and trials to assess assumptions. ANSPs Partners, together with EUROCONTROL, Airlines, will particularly develop the Pairing Collaborative Decision Making (CDM) between Airlines Operational centres, Network Manager, and Air Traffic Controllers. Simulations will help consolidate the CONOPS, as well as trials will demonstrate the feasibility to develop the pairing CDM, and test it in real condition (with passenger airlines). Safety and Regulatory aspects will be addressed, as well as the economic benefits with a CBA (Costs Benefits analysis). TRL6 is targetted. The second solution is "Scaling up the WER concept to continental Europe". This Solution will provide operational solutions for the extension of Wake Energy Retrieval operations within European domestic airspace. Traffic flows from Europe to Asia, from Europe to the Middle East and from Europe to Africa are particularly interesting for WER application. CONOPS definition and assessment with simulations with ANSPs, ATC system providers, Network Manager and Airlines expertise will be conducted. TRL4 will be reached. As an enabler to operations, a Wake science work package will investigate transversal science-based aspects of operations, such as non-CO2 potential benefits of formations, in addition to better known CO2 benefits, and as well better understanding of the vortex behind the pair to support regulatory separation.

The project main objective is the demonstration of General Aviation and Rotorcraft capability to benefit from the concepts developed in the SESAR programme, in order to facilitate their integration into airspace and airports where the SESAR concepts and technologies are implemented. This objective will be achieved through live flight trials and preparatory Real-Time Simulation campaign, with hardware and humans in the loop, which will be focused on both procedural issues and technological aspects related to Global Navigation Satellite System technologies and simultaneous non-interfering operations. Specifically, the GRADE project will demonstrate in flight, by using GA aircraft and Rotorcraft equipped with non-certified or specific on-board equipment, the following existing SESAR Solutions: Solution #51 – “Enhanced terminal operations with LPV procedures”, Solution #55 – “Precision approaches using GBAS CAT II/III”, Solution #103 – “Approach Procedure with vertical guidance”, Solution #113 – “Optimised Low Level IFR routes for rotorcraft”. The project will also focus on technological aspects, testing in flight the following products, already available within the consortium and suitably customized to fit the above listed SESAR Solutions: GNSS EGNOS and GBAS navigation algorithms able to guarantee the applicable RNP; Portable non certified Primary Flight Display to support pilot decisions and operations. The live flight trials will be conducted at two different sites and using three different aircrafts (two fixed-wing and one rotary aircraft). Flight tests data and information will be collected and analysed by taking into account relevant applicable SESAR Key Performance Areas and suitably performance indices. Performance evaluation and lessons learnt will represent the outcome of the project and will be made available to support regulation, standardisation and certification activities, as well as the integration of GA and rotorcraft with commercial aviation.

The NETWORK Trajectory based operations (NETWORK TBO) project proposes to validate TBO SESAR Solutions covers all aspects of Trajectory management processes involving – but not limited to - Network actors. It covers both planning and execution phases. The proposed SESAR Solutions, with an indication of the Technology Readiness Levels (with the associated EOCVM level) at the end of the project, are: * Solution #1: TBO Planning and Impact on Execution. Taking as baseline FF-ICE/1 implementation in progress, this solution will develop focusing on the planning phase and the transition to execution including the EPP data improvement. (Target = TRL6 (V3)). * Solution NETWORK TBO-2: Strategic trajectory revision in execution. This solution will address trajectory management during the (strategic) execution phase, including a contribution to the development of the ICAO’s FF-ICE 2 TBO concept. (Target = TRL6 (V3)). * Solution NETWORK TBO-3: Improve both ATC and network processes through synchronization of network and local trajectories. This solution will aim in particular at improving information exchanges between the Network Manager and ANSPs in order to enable a reference Network 4D trajectory supporting coordination processes. (Target = TRL6 (V3)). The NETWORK TBO project consortium - with EUROCONTROL as the project coordinator, and with steering from the project management board and the SJU - brings together 9 air navigation service providers, 2 airspace users, 8 airborne and ground industry partners, 2 research establishments. The main 'design', 'development & validation', and 'data pack and maturity gate' phases are planned throughout the second half of 2023, 2024, 2025 and the first half of 2026. The NETWORK TBO IR project will be executed in strong coordination with European initiatives and projects related to TBO implementation as well as the ATMRPP ICAO working group ensuring complementary and maximising the R&D outputs towards implementation and standardisation.